RU2693600C1 - Method for modernization of crop equipment and device for realizing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agricultural machine building. Method of modernizing the combine harvester includes making at least two holes in its grain elevator. Unit for monitoring the quantity and quality of the grain mixture is made in a single housing and connected to a grain elevator. One hole of the grain elevator is connected to the grain channel inlet of the device for monitoring the quantity and quality of the grain mixture for receiving the grain mixture from the elevator. Other hole of the elevator is connected to the output of the grain channel of the monitoring device for returning the grain mixture to the grain elevator.

EFFECT: invention provides for improved level of automation of grain-harvesting equipment as regards monitoring of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of grain mixture.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to measurement devices specifically designed for combines, in particular to devices for monitoring the grain mixture but a number of indicators specified in the claims.

The level of technology

The prior art inventions for the partial solution of the problem of monitoring the quality of the grain mixture. EP 1763988 A1 discloses a device for monitoring the quality of the harvested mass: an image of the grain mixture is captured by the camera and transmitted to the monitor for analysis by the operator of the harvesting machine. Such a method, as well as the one claimed in this document, makes it possible to observe the quality of the grain mixture (approximate level of crushing and non-grain impurities). From RU 2566989 C2 known solution for assessing the quality of the grain mixture and its volumetric flow rate. However, this invention does not allow to assess the moisture content of the grain mixture. The document US 6185990 B1 discloses an approach to measuring moisture and mass flow rate of a grain mixture, but does not monitor the quality of the grain mixture at the level of impurities and the degree of crushing.

It is important to note that of. The prior art technical solutions that are able to solve each of the problems separately. Namely: an assessment of the level of non-grain impurities in the grain mixture, an estimate of the level of crushing (RU 2483522 C2, RU 2406288 C2, RU 2437067 C2), an assessment of the moisture content of the grain and its volume / mass (WO 2002041687 A2, US 6272935 B1, US 61S5990 B1, EP 0463240 A1). The closest in functionality to the invention is RU2526395C2 (prototype). However, today there is not a single solution presented assembled in a single package. Solutions known from the prior art (including the prototype, according to patent document RU 2526395 C2) are systems distributed across combine nodes substantially distant from each other. Such an approach to the improvement of combine harvesters means a significant increase in capital expenditures for farms, which pave commissioning of modern methods for assessing the quality of the grain mixture in combine harvesters. Costs are generated by the need to acquire a new combine harvester, equipped with the necessary options, instead of upgrading equipment that is already in operation.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

The purpose of the invention is to increase the level of automation of grain harvesting equipment in part, monitoring the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the grain mixture.

The implementation of this goal is achieved through the sequential implementation of the steps described below.

1. In the grain elevator (103) of the combine harvester (100) (Figure 1) a hole (200) is cut through the form shown in Figure 2

2. Next, place the device for monitoring the quantity and quality of the grain mixture (hereinafter referred to as the Device) (301) (Figure 3) so that a part of the grain from the blades of the grain elevator (103) of the grain combine (100) can get inside the grain channel (303) of the grain Device (300). Disclosure of the characteristics of the Device (given below).

3. A supply voltage is applied to the Device (300).

4. Bring GPS / GLONASS, GSM, LTE antennas (104) to the region of acceptable radio signal visibility on the body of the combine harvester (100).

The technical result of the method of modernization of the harvesting equipment, as claimed in the patent formula, is the addition of the functional of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the grain mixture to a combine harvester. The economic effect of the introduction of the invention is based on the ability to modernize the combine combine harvesters in use, instead of acquiring new combine harvesters with the technical features that the invention can provide.

. To implement the method of upgrading a combine harvester (100), use the Device (300), the device of which is shown in Figure 3. This device consists of such components, components and parts as:

- optical sensor (301),

- the entrance to the Device (302),

- grain channel (303),

- damper (304),

- optical sensor (305),

- digital camera (306),

- reprogrammable computer (307),

- humidity level sensor (308),

- motor (309),

- exit from the grain channel (310),

- GPS / GLONASS receiver (311),

- GSM-module (312).

The above components are interconnected by such assembly operations as screwing (301, 302, 303, 304. 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312) with the body of the grain device (300) (made of aluminum sheet), soldering (refers to wiring in place of permanent connections wiring components described above).

The pattern of movement of grain through the nodes of the Device is described in Figure 5. According to Figure 5, the grain from the grain elevator (103) enters the grain channel (303) of the Device (300) through the entrance to the grain channel (302). It accumulates in front of the damper (304) until the motor (309) triggers a signal from the optical sensor (305). After the flap opening (304), the grain rushes to exit from the Device (310), getting back into the grain elevator (103).

A diagram of sensors and signal processing devices is shown in Figure 6. According to Figure 6, sensors (301, 305, 306, 308, 311) are connected to a reprogrammable computer (307). A reprogrammable computer (307) is used to collect, process and store information about the quality of the grain. mixture (not grain impurities, crushing), grain moisture and its volume, with reference to the geographical coordinates of the combine harvester (100) (Figure 1). At the same time, the system is equipped with a GSM module for transmitting data stored by a computer to a remote server (600). A short list of drawings

Figure 1. Combine harvester with a system for qualitative and quantitative analysis of the grain mixture.

Figure 2. Profile of a group of holes for installing Devices.

Figure 3. The design of the device for monitoring the quantity and quality of the grain mixture (Devices).

Figure 4. An example of an image obtained from the camera device.

Figure 5. Diagram of the movement of grain through the nodes of the Device.

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of the blocks for collecting, processing and storing information transfer devices.

The implementation of the invention

For the implementation of the method of upgrading the harvesting equipment claimed in the invention and the achievement of the technical result set forth in paragraph Disclosure of the invention, a necessary condition is the use of a device for monitoring the quantity and quality of grain mixtures (300).

As confirmation of the implementation, we will reveal in more detail the device and the principle of operation of the Device (300), focusing on the sequence of its operation (Figure 5, 6).

1. The optical sensor (301) is responsible for measuring the flow of grain inside the grain elevator. Measuring the time intervals between the two overlaps of the optical sensor (301), the system determines the volume of grain that the elevator (103) transports per unit of time (the speed of rotation of the elevator (F) is known to the system).

2. Next, the grain elevator blade goes past the entrance to the grain channel (302) of the Device (300). Part of the grain from the grain elevator (103) enters the grain channel (303) and accumulates on top of the gate (304) until the grain level reaches the optical sensor (305) measuring the fill level of the grain channel. Then the camera (306) captures the image. (Figure 4).

3. The reprogrammable computer (307) analyzes the resulting image to estimate the level of non-grain impurities and the percentage of fragmentation true.

4. At the same time, the humidity level sensor (308) measures the moisture content of the grain mixture.

5. After filling the distance between the flap (304) and the optical sensor (305) with grain, capturing the image and measuring the grain moisture level, the motor (309) turns the grain flap to the open state and again locks it after the grain mass has gone. The released grain mass rushes to the exit of the grain channel (310) and returns to the grain elevator of the combine harvester (103).

6. The collection of data on the level of non-grain impurities in the grain mixture, the level of crushing, grain moisture and its volume is carried out with reference and geographical coordinates of the combine harvester that enter the system via the GPS / GLONASS antenna and receiver (104).

7. The device (300) is equipped with a GSM module for shipping data about the level of non-grain impurities in the grain mixture, the level of crushing, the moisture content of the grain and its volume, and the corresponding geographical coordinates to a remote server for further processing.

Claims (1)

A method for upgrading a combine harvester, characterized in that at least two holes are made in the grain elevator of a combine harvester, placing a device for monitoring the quantity and quality of grain mixture in a single housing and connecting it to a grain elevator, one hole of the grain elevator connecting to the entrance to the grain channel of the device monitoring the quantity and quality of the grain mixture to receive the grain mixture from the elevator, and the other hole of the elevator is connected to the exit from the grain channel of devices Monitoring for the return of the cereal mixture in a grain elevator.

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