RU2686990C1 - Method of cultivating perennial fodder crop of lotus corniculatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to a method for cultivating grasses, and can be used for cultivation of perennial fodder grass of a Lotus corniculatus in monoseeding on gray, dark gray podzolic, anthropogenically transformed soils with high acidity in pH range 4.1–5.8 and low level of provision of mineral nutrition with movable composition. Method includes pre-sowing soil treatment by neutralization, spring sowing of crop seeds and harvesting. Presowing tillage of soil is performed as follows: plowing is performed at depth of 8–12 cm, harrowing, single introduction of neutralizing mixture, kg/ha: dolomite meal 50 ± 1, boric acid 2 ± 0.1, soil rolling by round rollers with ground pressure less than 0.2 ± 0.05 kg/cm². Seed culture is sown in 13–14 days at depth of 1 cm, sowing rate of 6.4 kg/ha. Before seeding, the seed material is subjected to scarification.

EFFECT: technical result is reduction of seed consumption rate, provision of high quality fodder crop, preservation and improvement of soil fertility.

3 cl, 3 dwg, 7 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, crop production, agriculture, applied ecology (resource-saving, soil-protective technologies), in particular to a method of grass cultivation and can be used for the cultivation of perennial forage grass of the horned stern grass in gray, dark gray podzolic, anthropogenically transformed soils with high acidity in the range of pH = 4.1-5.8 and a low level of provision for rolling stock with mineral nutrition elements.

The known method of cultivation of perennial grasses, RF patent №2388205, A01C 7/00, published 10.05.2010 [1]. The method includes a strip sowing of at least two different types of grass seed, for example, clover and a horned bastard, into mechanically destructible turf with the creation of successively alternating sections of strips. In order to prolong the production of sown grass, it is necessary to plant grass seeds with a higher potential yield and a short production longevity, such as clover, sow in areas of shorter length (l1), and grass seeds with a lower potential yield and longer production longevity, for example the horned bridle, - in parts of strips of greater length (l2), i.e. l1 <l2. To preserve the mass of dry matter output throughout the entire period of production use of the sown grass stand at the same level, the length of the l1 strip section is chosen so that grass seed with a lower potential yield is not oppressed by grass with a higher potential yield.

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity and energy consumption when implementing this method in production, both when sowing and when harvesting herbs. Also, the disadvantage of this method is the fluctuation aspect of the dominance of clover in agrophytocenosis, which may be critical for the growth of another type of grass at the initial ontogenesis, in particular the horned bridal species (assektator).

The known method of cultivation of perennial forage grasses in the North, RF patent №2567212, A01G 1/00, АВВ 79/02, А23К 1/00, published on 10.11.2015 [2]. The method includes tillage, spring sowing of perennial forage crops and their cleaning. For sowing using single-species legumes or a mixture of legumes and cereals with different periods of cutting ripeness. Carry out the selection of crops and sowing of seeds, at least three groups of perennial grasses: early ripening herbs with a harvest period in the second decade of June, middle-ripening herbs with a harvest period in the third decade of June and late ripening perennial herbs with a harvest period in the first decade of July. At the same time, for sowing early ripe grasses, the cultures are selected from the group: Oriental goatling with a seeding rate of 20 kg / ha; Kozlyatnik oriental and kostsez awnless, taken at a ratio of 1: 0.75, respectively, with a seeding rate of 16 kg / ha and 12 kg / ha; Oriental goatling and meadow fescue, taken at a ratio of 1: 0.75, respectively, with a seeding rate of 16 kg / ha and 12 kg / ha. For sowing of middle-ripened grasses, the cultures are selected from the group: hornbird with seed rate of 10 kg / ha; The horned bird and timothy meadow, taken at a ratio of 1: 0.5, respectively, with a seeding rate of 8 kg / ha and 4 kg / ha; dead horned, clover meadow Kuddesnik and timothy grass, taken at a ratio of 1: 1.15: 0.35; respectively, with a seeding rate of 6 kg / ha, 7 kg / ha and 2 kg / ha; Meadow Clover The Trio and Timothy Meadow Clover, taken at a ratio of 1: 0.35, respectively, with a seeding rate of 11 kg / ha and 4 kg / ha. For sowing late-ripened grasses, the cultures are selected from the group: clover hybrid and timothy grass, taken at a ratio of 1: 0.4, respectively, with a seeding rate of 10 kg / ha and 4 kg / ha; The horned bird, Orpheus meadow clover and meadow timothy grass, taken at a ratio of 1: 1: 0.35, respectively, with a seeding rate of 6 kg / ha, 6 kg / ha and 2 kg / ha. The method allows to increase the resource base and the timing of harvesting of the grass cultivated for feed and to get feed with high nutritional value.

The disadvantage of this method is laboriousness, energy consumption and lack of efficiency, in particular the annual application of mineral fertilizers - ₆₀ N ₄₅ P ₄₅ Kkg / ha, does not take into account the individual characteristics of the mineral nutrition of all plant species, for example, the application of nitrogen fertilizers reduces the productivity of the horned bird.

The known method of growing plants of fodder crops, RF patent No. 2278486, AV 79/02, published 27.06.2006 [3], adopted for the prototype. The method includes tillage, spring sowing of perennial forage crops and their cleaning. At least three types of legumes and at least three types of cereal perennial forage crops are sown, varying in intensity of growth and production longevity. At the same time, together with sowing, every spring in the spring they carry out supporting neutralization of the soil by introducing magnesite into the soil, and after the longevity of certain types of perennial grasses, they are introduced into the soil by cutting in parallel with magnesite. Magnesite is applied to the soil in the amount of 200 kg / ha. The invention will reduce material costs and provide a high yield of fodder crops annually.

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity and lack of efficiency for areas of risk farming in Western Siberia, with a weak soil nitrification capacity, in particular the annual application of magnesite contributes to an increase in the magnesium content in the soil, which in turn can adversely affect the physical properties of the soil.

The technological problem that the invention is directed to is the development of a method for cultivating the perennial fodder crop of the horned lotus Lotus corniculatus.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce the rate of consumption of seed material, ensuring high-quality yield of fodder crops and the preservation and improvement of soil fertility.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of cultivating the perennial fodder crop of the horned Lotus Lotus corniculatus includes pre-sowing tillage by neutralization, spring sowing of seeds of the crop and its harvesting, while pre-sowing tillage is carried out as follows: plowing to a depth of 8-12 cm, harrowing one-time application of a neutralizing mixture, kg / ha: dolomite flour 50 ± 1, boric acid 2 ± 0.1, soil rolling by round rollers with a ground pressure of less than 0.2 ± 0.05 kg / cm ² , and sowing seeds of the culture it is given after 13-14 days, and seed before scarification is subjected to scarification.

Pre-sowing seed treatment with scarification is carried out on linen. Sowing the seeds of the culture is carried out at a depth of 1 cm, the seeding rate is 6.4 kg / ha, after sowing, soil is rolled by round rollers with a pressure force on the soil of less than 0.2 ± 0.05 kg / cm ² .

The essence of the proposed method of cultivation of unconventional perennial culture is a wedding horn, is as follows.

According to the invention, mono (single-species) sowing of legumes is used for sowing, sowing is carried out in the spring period in the first decade of May. Before sowing, pre-sowing tillage is carried out, including: plowing to a depth of 8-12 cm, sufficient for sowing small seeds. Next, carry out the harrowing and a single application of the neutralizing mixture in the amount of: dolomite flour 50 ± 1 kg / ha; boric acid 2 ± 0.1 kg / ha for 13-14 days before sowing. This amount of mixture is sufficient to neutralize the soil. Stitching the soil round the rollers of the soil is necessary to obtain a more dense soil, as the seeds are small in size. Thus, the pressure force on the ground should be less than 0.2 kg / cm ² before sowing.

Carry out pre-sowing treatment of the seeds of the horned bastard scarification, in particular, on flaxseed cloth to stimulate the seed. Sowing of seeds of culture is carried out at a depth of 1 cm, the seeding rate is 6.4 kg / ha, after sowing, soil is rolled by round rollers with a pressure force on the ground of less than 0.2 kg / cm ² .

For the conditions of Siberia, in particular the Tomsk region, it is extremely important and urgent to introduce new leguminous types of crops with high biological plasticity to natural and climatic conditions (cold-resistant, fast-growing, not demanding to soil conditions). Lotus horned Lotus cornikulatus is a high-potential culture of multifunctional use, which most effectively uses the bioclimatic conditions of the region in comparison with traditionally grown leguminous crops.

This crop is of great importance as a stable legume component on the unproductive soils of the Non-Black Earth Zone of Russia. Horned horseman is of great interest for dry areas and for soils with high acidity. This species is characterized by high total and protein productivity, has a good ratio of essential amino acids, is a powerful biological nitrogen-fixer. Such economic and biological characteristics of the young horned bird speak about the value of this culture, both in terms of obtaining high-grade food, and to improve soil fertility.

The experiment was carried out from 2014 to 2017. For the first time in the Tomsk region, studies were carried out with an unconventional crop. The hornbearer, the variety "Sun" in a comparative analysis with the traditionally cultivated legumes - goat breeder, the variety "Vostochny" and alfalfa, the variety "Sarga", to identify economic features.

The proposed method of cultivation of unconventional perennial culture of the hornbird is as follows.

In early spring, the soil was prepared and cultivated for sowing seed material of leguminous crops for experiments 1 and 2.

For experiment 1, pre-sowing tillage included: plowing to a depth of 8-12 cm; harrowing; single application of neutralizing mixture (dolomite flour 50 ± 1 kg / ha, boric acid 2 ± 0.1 kg / ha) 13-14 days before sowing; soil rolling (round rollers, pressure force on the ground is less than 0.2 ± 0.05 kg / cm ² ) before sowing and after sowing.

For experiment 2, pre-sowing tillage included: plowing to a depth of 8-12 cm; harrowing; soil rolling (round rollers, pressure force on the ground is less than 0.2 ± 0.05 kg / cm ² ) before sowing and after sowing.

For experience 1 and 2, the pre-sowing treatment of horned breeches seeds was carried out according to the method of stimulation of solid seeds, including scarification of seeds on a linen cloth, disclosed in patent No. 2601588 of the applicant.

The pre-sowing treatment of the horned bastard seeds was carried out according to the method of stimulating solid seeds, including the scarification of seeds on flax. An assessment was made of the effectiveness of this method of pre-sowing treatment for the germination of all the studied crops and the seeding rate of seed material of leguminous crops. This treatment allows you to increase the germination and yield of crops by 20-27% and reduce seeding rates by 30% (6.4 kg / ha), relative to the recommended rates (8-10 kg / ha).

Sowing a perennial fodder crop of a horned Lotus horned corniculatus (on the example of the variety “Sun”), is carried out by a CCN-11 seeder, to a depth of 1 cm, the distance between rows is 0.15 cm, and the sowing rate is 6.4 kg / ha, after sowing, the lungs roll in round rollers (pressure force on the ground is less than 0.2 ± 0.05 kg / cm ² ).

Every year, in early spring, on April 2, 3, the harrowing of crops was carried out with a light zubovoy harrow (ZBP - 0.6) to a depth of 2-3 cm. Harrowing in early spring allows you to remove dead shoots, increase aeration of crops, close moisture and remove animal excrement.

Cleaning of grass stand on green fodder, for grazing by animals for the first year of plant growth, is carried out once, in the following years 2-3 mowing, by direct combining.

The effectiveness of pre-sowing tillage was evaluated in a comparative analysis of indicators: the yield of perennial grasses under different soil conditions, microaggregate soil analysis, anti-erosion resistance of soils, chemical and physico-chemical properties of soil, humus content in%.

Table 1 presents the results of a comparative assessment of the yield of perennial grasses under different soil conditions of the 1st year of growth, (c / ha).

Table 1

Culture Tillage No introduction (net) Liming (component content according to the formula) Standard fertilizer application Productivity t / ha Alfalfa 170 146 303.6 Kozlyatnik 64 90 94.2 Lyadvenets 294 306 225

The data in Table 1 show that the unconventional perennial culture of the hornbird is best adapted to various soil conditions, relatively traditionally cultivated legumes, in particular to increase the yield of these crops (goat meat, alfalfa), and nitrogen fertilizers are required, which in turn significantly increases the cost of green fodder.

As is known, the content of humus in the soil profile plays a huge role in the formation of the crop. Humus contributes to the agglutination of soil particles into aggregates, thereby creating an agronomically valuable structure and the physical properties of the soil that are favorable for plant life.

Table 2 presents the results of the evaluation of the chemical and physicochemical properties of the soil from experiment 1.

table 2

No. p / p Horizon, depth, cm W _{hygroscopic,%} Fe ₂ O ₃
according to Tamm,% pH
one
hoods, units pH pH
saline
hoods, units pH Humus,% Ca ²⁺ mg. · Eq / 100g Mg ²⁺ mg. · Eq / 100g Amount
(Ca ²⁺ and Mg ²⁺ ),
mg. · eq / 100g Option 1. Background (control)

one 0 - 6 2.57 0.35 5.96 5.24 4.96 22.44 2.65 25.09 2 13 - 23 2.15 0.12 6.23 5.3 3.2 22.64 3.67 26.31 3 30 - 40 2.35 0.11 6.23 4.87 1.9 19.58 1.43 21.01 four 50 - 60 2.73 0.1 6.01 4.51 0.54 24.88 0.82 25.7 five 66 - 76 2.72 0.1 6.08 4.37 0.32 18.74 5.33 24.07 6 87 - 97 2.42 0.12 6.05 4.43 0.22 17.74 5.1 22.84 7 110 - 120 2.7 0.12 5.98 4.52 0.15 18,54 6.55 25.09 Option 2 (background + liming) eight 0 - 5 2.29 0.15 6.05 5.32 3.85 24.88 1.23 26.11 9 13 - 18 2.19 0.13 5.94 5.29 3.07 22.44 4.36 26,8 Option 3 (alfalfa + liming) ten 0 - 3 2.17 0.16 5.62 5.33 2.79 23.8 2.28 25.6 eleven 6 - 16 2.17 0.15 5.94 4.98 1.86 23.0 3.13 27.0 12 21 - 31 2.25 0.13 6.07 4.86 1.34 18.56 3.98 28.2 Option 4 (galega + liming) 13 0-4 2.63 0.18 6.57 5.96 3.83 33.37 4.78 38.15 14 13 - 19 1.94 0.14 5.92 5.15 3.29 23.23 3.09 26.32 15 31 - 35 2.31 0.12 6.14 5.25 1.8 19.78 7.56 27.34 Option 5 (wedding + liming) sixteen 0 - 7 2.77 0.18 6.55 6.0 7.04 23.48 2.22 25.7 17 13 - 20 2.09 0.17 5.87 4.99 4.6 21.83 3.77 25.6

Table 3 presents the results of the evaluation of the chemical and physicochemical properties of the soil from experiment 2.

Table 3

No. p / p Horizon, depth, cm W _{hygroscopic,%} Fe ₂ O ₃
according to Tamm,% pH
one
hoods, units pH pH
saline
hoods, units pH Humus,% Ca ²⁺
mg. ·
eq / 100g Mg ² ,
mg. ·
eq / 100g Amount
(Ca ²⁺ and Mg ²⁺ ),
mg. · eq / 100g Option 1. Background (control) one 10 - 20 2.09 0.16 6.19 4.87 4.55 21.42 9.59 31.01 Option 2 (alfalfa) 2 0-4 3.28 0.16 6.24 5.39 6.2 23.27 4.68 27.95 3 12 - 20 1.93 0.15 6.31 5.38 5.22 21.41 4.49 25.90 Option 3 (galega) four 0 - 9 3.38 0.15 6.06 5.48 5.67 23.28 4.26 27.54 five 16 - 26 2.05 0.13 5.91 4.98 5.68 22.80 2.49 25.29 Option 4 (wedding) 6 0 - 8 3.38 0.18 5.71 5.52 5.59 21.01 5.19 26.52 7 15 - 25 2.05 0.16 5.67 5.33 5.18 21.21 6.74 27.95

The results presented in Tables 2, 3 demonstrate that presowing treatment, including the introduction of a neutralizing mixture once (dolomite flour 50 ± 1 kg / ha + boric acid 2 ± 0.1 kg / ha) 12-13 days before sowing, with perennial culture of the lottery, had the most significant impact on the properties of the soil. Contributed to an increase in the content of humus by 42.6%, relative to the control and by 68%, with respect to the background + liming variant, by 149% and 62.7% relative to alfalfa and kozlyatnika (galegi), also in the version of the tea tree + neutralizing mixture (liming) , there is a significant decrease in soil acidity by 14.5% in the upper soil horizon.

Comparison of data from microaggregate analysis gives an idea of the potential ability of soils to structure and the degree of dispersion of soils in their natural state.

Tables 4, 5 present the obtained data on microaggregate soil analysis from test 1 and 2, respectively.

Table 4

Options Horizon,
depth, (cm) Dispersion factor Structural factor Degree of aggregation Aggregation potential Erosion Resistance Structural index 1. Background A _d (0-6) 15.38 84.6 0.10 82.14 5.34 2.58 A ₁ (13-23) 9.74 90.25 0.05 90.78 9.32 2.35 A ₁ A _{2 (} 30-40) 3.57 96.42 0.15 94.14 26.36 1.85 A ₂ B (50-60) 12.30 87.69 0.19 87,83 7.14 2.62 B ₁ (66-76) 12.5 87.50 0.06 96.03 7.68 4.94 Sun (87-97) 4.79 95.20 0.01 82.58 17.24 2.45 Sun (110-120) 7.18 92.81 0.32 82.53 11.50 3.02 2. Background +
lime
the knowledge A _d (0-5)
A ₁ B (13-18) 5.98 94.01 0.40 82.58 13.80 4.4 6.12 98.32 0.48 71.15 2.51 3.13 3.Lucer
on + liming A _{d (} 0-3)
A ₁ B (6-16)
B ₁ (21-31) 9.73 95.11 1.24 69,33 11.30 1.27 15.22 100 0.87 70.28 8.31 1.64 20 80 0.22 78.09 2.36 0.93 4. Gallega + Lime A _d (0-4)
A ₁ B (13-19)
B ₁ (31-35) 3.57 96.42 0.35 67.66 18.95 2.64 3.13 100 1.65 70.11 10.50 1.93 2.56 97.43 0.34 76.25 29.78 10.83 5. Lyadve-nets + liming A _d (0-7)
A ₁ (13-20) 14.28 85.71 0.20 81.53 5.70 1.47 4.54 95.45 12.18 87.71 19.32 2.71

Table 5

Options Horizon, depth, cm Dispersion factor Structural factor Degree of aggregation Aggregation potential Erosion Resistance Structural index 1. Background A ₁ (10-20) 27.58 72.41 0.13 76.92 2.78 2.0 2.Lucerne A _d (0-4)
A ₁ (12-26) 11.1 88,8 19.7 80.6 7.26 3.2 12.5 87.5 0.24 78.44 6.27 3.95 3.Galega A _d 0-9
A ₁ 16-26 14.38 87.3 0.29 80.3 8.84 4.15 11.19 86.5 0.16 77.2 6.54 3.07 4.Ladventsy A _d 0 - 8
A ₁ 15-25 12.40 87.59 0.25 76.45 6.33 3.1 6.89 93.74 0.22 80.18 11.68 3.66

Analysis of the data in Tables 4, 5 proves that a single application of a neutralizing mixture (dolomite flour 50 kg / ha + boric acid 2 kg / ha) 12–13 days before sowing, with the participation of a perennial culture, contributed to the improvement of the physical properties of the soil, particular factors of soil structure and dispersion and its erosion resistance.

The structural index is practically in variants with a lace — good or high, which means that the higher the coefficient, the more dispersed, easily peptized, the less micro-aggregated the soil is.

The anti-erosion resistance of soils in this variant with the participation of a lotus, increased by 71.4%, relative to the control, by 53.3%, relative to the background-liming variant and by 27.7% relative to alfalfa.

On the experimental variants, where the lotter was cultivated, a high humus content of about 7% was revealed, this is due to the high biological productivity of the plant. One of these indicators is the amount of a substance entering the soil with root residues, which are used for the formation of soil fertility. It was established that the lotus seedling, in particular, the variety “Sun” in this regard is 1.7 times more productive than alfalfa and its energy value (the energy heated by photosynthetic activity and used to create soil fertility) is also 1.7 times higher .

The effectiveness of presowing treatment of seeds of legumes was evaluated in a comparative analysis by indicators: germination, yield at different seeding rates and the yield of perennial grasses by year.

As it is known, scarification of seeds contributes to an increase in germination and yield of agricultural crops, during scarification of seeds on flax cloth, there is an additional technical effect, which consists in the fact that microparticles of flax fiber fall on the seeds of plants, which reduce the damage of seeds and promote the start of the mechanism of decomposition of storage proteins, migration the products of their hydrolysis from the endosperm to the embryo. This is a consequence of the increase in the seeds of enzymes, both those that cause this decay and those that are involved in the formation of new vital compounds. The flax fiber does not produce charges of static electricity, the degree of polymerization of cellulose is part of flax fiber is 2-3 times higher than that of cotton. Contained silica (silicon dioxide) in flax fiber helps to improve the metabolism in the seeds and thereby increases the growth processes. The adherent particles of flax fiber help to reduce the destruction of nucleic acids and enhance the processes of respiration and metabolism, thereby increasing the viability of seeds and their germination, and as a consequence, the yield of legumes.

Table 6 presents the average yield of herbs (c / ha), at different seeding rates.

Table 6

Experience option No
of experience Preseeding tillage Repetition Average yield I II III  Alfalfa (75%) one. chalking 132.2 123.3 182.5 146.0 2 without liming 179.0 152.2 180.1 170.0  Galega (75%) one. chalking 45.0 30.0 45.0 40.0 2 without liming 44.4 28.6 43.1 38.7  Lyadvenets (75%) one. chalking 301.2 298.8 318.9 306.3 2 without liming 288.6 305.7 287.7 294.0  Alfalfa (100%) one. chalking 117.6 143.3 147.1 136.0 2 without liming 120.7 117.9 117.4 118.7  Galega (100%) one. chalking 65.0 45.0 90.0 102.3 2 without liming 81.7 82.1 86.4 83.4  Lyadvenets (100%) one. chalking 249.9 88.0 258.2 198,7 2 without liming 212.1 209.3 221.2 211.2

The results in Table 6 show a significant reduction in seed consumption and an increase in the yield of perennial grasses in combination with pre-sowing tillage.

Table 7 presents the productivity of the lotus by year, (c / ha).

Table 7

Option The yield of green mass, t / ha Terms of harvesting green mass September 24, 2014
(single cut) 09.11.2015
(two cuts) 09.18.2016
(two cuts) Alfalfa + liming 146 265 578.1 Goat Chest + Liming 90 198,33 226.5 Lyadvenets + liming 306 523.4 630.1 Alfalfa 170 436.7 565.03 Kozlyatnik 64 175 217.4 Lyadvenets 294 450 617.8

The results of the work presented in Table 7 indicate that the yield of the lotus horned, in particular, the variety “Sun” in the variant of dyvivets + liming, is much higher than the traditional cultivated crops from 10% to 184%, as well as that of the horned has a higher biological and fully and effectively uses agroclimatic conditions of the Tomsk region.

The invention is further illustrated by figures 1-3.

FIG. 1 shows the effect of the dead horned on the soil humus, in%.

FIG. 2 shows the influence of the horned bastard on the erosion resistance of soils, in%.

FIG. 3 shows the productivity of the dead horned bird by year, in centners per hectare.

Thus, the method of cultivating the perennial fodder culture of the horned Lotus Lotus corniculatus in the conditions of the Tomsk region makes it possible to strengthen and expand the raw (feed) base and harvest valuable raw materials, high-quality protein feed, reduce the cost of seed, improve and restore soil fertility.

The proposed method is further distinguished by an ecological approach that promotes: the restoration of trophic bonds in an artificial landscape, the restoration of erosion soils, the effectiveness of its use in crop rotation, ease of use and reduced resource costs.

Claims (3)

1. A method of cultivating a perennial fodder crop of a horned Lotus Lotus corniculatus, including pre-sowing tillage neutralization, spring sowing of seeds of the crop and its harvesting, characterized in that the pre-sowing tillage is as follows: plowing to a depth of 8-12 cm, harrowing, one-time application neutralizing mixture, kg / ha: dolomite flour 50 ± 1, boric acid 2 ± 0.1, soil rolling by round rollers with a pressure force on the ground less than 0.2 ± 0.05 kg / cm ² , and sowing the seeds of culture is carried out after 13 -14 days to a depth of 1 cm seeding rate of 6.4 kg / ha, while seed before scarification is subjected to scarification. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the pre-sowing seed treatment of the culture of scarification is carried out on linen. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that after sowing carry out the soil rolling round rollers with a pressure force on the ground less than 0.2 ± 0.05 kg / cm ² .

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