RU2686875C1 - Slot on the packer shaft of the axial installation, which determines the position of its mechanical anchor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to groove of packer shaft. Groove is made on external surface of the packer shaft, it is intended for switching of the mechanical anchor of the packer with the axial installation from the lowering or lifting position to the packer installation position and back. Slot is formed by straight channel going from initial point from top to bottom, in lower point of which starts screw channel with left stroke going downwards. At the lower point of the channel, a straight channel starts upward, at the upper point of which a screw channel with a right-hand stroke starts, which goes upwards. From the upper point of the channel going upwards, two straight channels come out, the first one goes up, the second one goes down. Upper point of the upwardly moving channel is located above any point of the slot, and in the lower point of the downward flowing, a right-hand screw channel starts, which goes downwards and ends with a lower point which is located below any point of the slot and in which a straight channel goes upwards. At the upper point of the channel going upwards, a screw channel with a left stroke, which is going upwards, starts at the upper point of which a straight channel starts, which goes up, at the upper point of which a screw channel with the right stroke starts, which goes upwards, ends at the initial point and the closing slot. Channels do not intersect and overlap each other.

EFFECT: technical result is providing simplicity and uninterrupted downhill, installation and lifting of packer.

6 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of oil and gas industry, namely to packers designed for tight separation of the annular space during the repair or operation of oil and gas wells.

The claimed form of a groove made on the outer surface of the packer shaft ensures that the mechanical anchor of the packer is switched with axial installation from the descent (lifting) position to the installation position of the packer and back.

The figured groove of the packer barrel is known (patent for a useful model in the Russian Federation No. 129984, published on July 10, 2013), which includes the axial short and axial long sections corresponding to the transport and working positions, interconnected by a closed figured section for translating the packer from working position and back, a pin fixed on a movable sleeve interacts with a figured groove, on the side surface of which spring-loaded friction plates are installed in the grooves, and from the front there are extendable cams with a return spring cuffs to the trunk, the cams are made with a grooved outer surface and an inner conical surface directed toward the cone, cuffs are installed between the cone and the stop, and the axial short and axial long sections of the shaped groove are located along the same axis, and the groove sections for transferring the packer from the transport position into the working and back are located on both sides of the axial short and axial long sections of the shaped groove, with the sections of the groove for transferring the packer from the transport position to the working position and back again ivayutsya transition portions during the passage of which the pin changes direction.

The disadvantages of this groove are:

- instead of the stated reduction in the length of the groove, its design leads to an elongation of the barrel due to the empty armature section (Fig. 1), since the finger position point during descent (at the top of the inner straight section) and the exit point of the finger from the upper inclined section to the upper straight line are one axis at a certain distance; this distance (at a minimum) will need to be anchored in order for the cams to reach the cone, since the compression of the packer's cuffs must begin no sooner than the finger goes into the straight upper section, otherwise the finger will not be able to return to the long inclined groove and further along the contour; accordingly, the packer cannot be rearranged, if necessary, lower, it can only be lifted, it will be installed again when trying to descend;

- there is no possibility of using the groove for fixing the mechanical armature against rotation around the barrel of the packer.

Also known is the groove on the packer trunk (patent for invention in the Russian Federation No. 2489565, publ. 10.08.2013), which includes a shortened and elongated grooves connected by an inclined groove, as well as the locking grooves of the part, which is made in the form of longitudinal grooves. The longitudinal left and right grooves are offset in different directions relative to the shortened groove and are connected in the lower part by an inclined groove. The left longitudinal groove is longer than the right and is connected at the top with an elongated groove and with the lower part of the inclined groove. The shortened groove is made L-shaped. Between the left longitudinal, oblique and right longitudinal grooves there is a closed D-shaped protrusion, and forming the protrusion are conjugated by an arc.

The disadvantages of this groove are (figure 2):

- during the descent on the pipe elevator of the column of pipe with a packer, it is necessary to constantly raise the column too unnecessarily high or extremely low in order to build up the pipe to build up the pipe to build up the pipe;

- when reaching the installation depth of the packer, in order to switch the armature to the installation, it is necessary to determine very precisely the amount of lifting of the column between the minimum and maximum allowable, taking into account the amount of stretching of the pipe string several kilometers long, otherwise the anchor will remain or go back to the descent position.

Also known (patent for invention in the Russian Federation No. 2540729, publ. 10.02.2015) a closed labyrinth groove made on the trunk, and a floating finger mounted in the armature cage, with the possibility of rectilinear and circular movements within the labyrinth groove. The labyrinth groove includes long and short longitudinal channels and connecting transverse channels connecting them, and a protrusion with a parallelogram contour, the long sides of which form long and short longitudinal channels. The transverse channels are inclined to the axis of the trunk with the possibility of a floating finger moving from one longitudinal channel to another under the influence of reactive force from the sides of the inclined channels caused by the action of the inertia force of the trunk on the floating finger. The transverse inclined channel for moving the floating finger from the short longitudinal channel to the long one is made with the floating finger entering the support pocket, located on the center line of the protrusion. The transverse inclined channel for moving the floating finger from the long longitudinal channel to the short longitudinal channel is formed by cutting the acute angle of the parallelogram parallel to the lateral side of the labyrinth groove. On the trunk parallel to the longitudinal channels additionally made deaf longitudinal groove length greater than the longitudinal dimension of the labyrinth groove, in which the locking pin is located, precluding rotation of the barrel relative to the yoke anchor node and the emphasis of the floating finger in the lower limit of the labyrinth slot contour.

The disadvantages of this device are (figure 3):

- during the descent on the pipe elevator of the column of pipe with a packer, it is necessary to constantly raise the column too unnecessarily high or extremely low in order to build up the pipe to build up the pipe to build up the pipe;

- when reaching the installation depth of the packer, in order to switch the armature to the installation, it is necessary to determine very precisely the amount of lifting of the column between the minimum and maximum allowable, taking into account the amount of stretching of the pipe string several kilometers long, otherwise the anchor will remain or go back to the descent position;

- to prevent rotation of the mechanical armature around the packer stem, instead of using the main (labyrinth), an additional groove is used.

These shortcomings do not allow effective use of this design.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to provide easy descent, installation and lifting of the packer, with guaranteed switching of the mechanical armature to the desired position with one simple manipulation and maintaining this position without random switching during descent, installation and lifting of the packer, i.e. uninterrupted descent and guarantee of the packer installation are determined There are only two conditions: during the descent, do not exceed the lifting of the pipe string, which is necessary for changing the pipe elevator; onny pipe sufficient to shift the armature.

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that on the outer surface of the packer barrel there is a groove intended for switching the mechanical anchor of the packer with axial installation from the descent or ascent to the installation position of the packer and back formed by a straight channel running from the starting point from top to bottom the point of which begins a screw channel with a left stroke, going downwards, at the lowest point of which a straight channel begins, going upwards, at the top point of which a screw channel begins with a right channel move upwards, from the upper point of which two direct channels go, the first one goes upwards, the second goes downwards, the upper point of the upward is above any point of the groove, and at the lower point of the downward spiral screw channel starts with the right stroke going downwards ending with a lower point, which is below any point of the groove and in which a straight channel starts, going upwards, at the upper point of which begins a screw channel with a left turn, going upwards, at the upper point which begins a straight channel, going upwards, at the upper point Secondly, the screw channel with the right stroke starts, going up, ending at the starting point and closing the groove, and the channels do not intersect and overlap each other.

It is possible to perform with a more complex configuration of a closed groove, in which at the junction of the direct channel and the screw channel preceding it in the direction of movement of the finger bypass, guide pockets are performed by removing the separating protrusion, the pocket wall formed when cutting the protrusion coincides with the wall of the next bypass direction finger screw channel or located at an acute angle to the straight channel.

Perhaps the performance of the groove, which is a mirror relative to the axis of the trunk.

It is possible to perform a groove that is made mirror-wise with respect to a line perpendicular to the axis of the trunk.

You can perform the groove, which is a mirror image relative to the axis of the trunk and relative to the line perpendicular to the axis of the trunk.

Perhaps the performance of the groove, in which the screw channels have different steps.

Used in the description of the claimed invention, the term "packer" refers to a device designed to overlap, disconnect and seal the cavities of wells, having a sealing cuff and lowered into the well as part of the drill string or tubing string.

Used in the description of the claimed invention, the term "axial packer, axial installation" means that the installation or removal of the packer is made by moving the pipe string along the axis, up and down, without rotation.

Used in the description of the claimed invention, the terms "lowering, lifting, moving, installing" used in relation to the packer and its components, refer to the packer, lowered into the well in the drill string or tubing string.

Used in the description of the claimed invention, the term "anchor, mechanical anchor" means a packer unit, designed to install the packer in the well. The composition of the mechanical anchor, among other things, includes one or several fingers fixed in the anchor motionless or installed in a ring freely rotating inside the anchor around its axis. The fingers enter the grooves of the packer.

Used in the description of the claimed invention, the term "groove" refers to a recess made on the surface of the barrel and not extending into the internal bore of the packer shaft formed by a single channel or a system of several straight or screw channels connected in series, i.e. the end of one is the beginning of the other, or otherwise.

Used in the description of the claimed invention, the term "channel" means a groove with vertical walls and a bottom, made on the surface of the barrel of the packer. The channel has an axis, which is the trajectory of a point located on the axis of rotation of an axial cutting tool (for example, an end mill) when making a groove. A channel can be straight when its axis is parallel to the axis of the trunk, or screw, when its axis is a helix with a certain step of the right or left turn. The walls of the channel are at the same distance from its axis except for those places where the wall is absent due to the connection with another channel, the wall of the beginning or end of the channel is radial. The bottom of the straight channels is flat, the bottom of the screw channels of a more complex shape, the conjugation of the bottom of the straight and screw channels is smooth, without steps.

Used in the description of the claimed invention, the term "guide pocket" is formed at the confluence of the direct and preceding it (in the direction of movement of the finger) screw channels when removing the separating protrusion. The pocket wall formed when cutting the protrusion may coincide with the wall of the next (in the direction of finger movement) screw channel or be located at an acute angle to the straight channel.

The invention is illustrated by the following figures.

FIG. 1 shows the existing construction of the groove of the packer barrel (patent for useful model No. 129984).

FIG. 2 shows the existing design of the groove of the packer barrel (patent for invention No. 2489565).

FIG. 3 shows the existing design of the groove of the packer barrel (patent for invention No. 2540729).

FIG. 4 shows the packer in the position of the descent into the well on the string of pipes.

FIG. 5 shows the cuts T - T and F - F, indicated in figure 4.

FIG. 6 shows a development of a section of a packer barrel with a groove of the proposed geometric shape.

FIG. 7 shows a development of a section of a packer barrel with a groove of a geometric shape of a possible execution.

The positions in FIG. 4 - 5 marked:

1 - trunk;

2 - movable ring;

3 - finger;

4 - groove;

5 - case;

6 - guide finger;

7 - slips;

8 - spring;

9 - cone;

10 - well wall.

The main nodes of the axial mechanical packer are the sealing unit and the mechanical anchor located on the barrel 1 (figure 4). The movable ring 2 with the finger 3 tightly mounted in it rotates freely on the barrel 1 inside the armature. The finger 3 is in the groove 4 of the barrel 1, formed by a system of channels connected to each other for the movement of the finger 3 in a closed loop. Fixed stationary in the case 5 of the armature, the guide pin 6 enters the channel D - E of the groove 4, not allowing the anchor to rotate about the axis of the packer, and the guide pin 6 never extends beyond the channel D - E. In the case 5 there are located slips 7 that have a smooth and serrated surfaces and pursed springs 8.

The groove 4 is formed by a straight channel running from the starting point A from top to bottom, at the lower point B of which a screw channel begins with a left stroke, going downwards, at the lower point C of which a straight channel starts up, going upwards, at the upper point G of which a screw channel starts with the right move going upwards, from the top point D of which two straight channels go out, the first one goes upwards, the second goes downwards, the top point E going upwards is above any point of the groove, and at the bottom point W going downwards the screw channel starts with the right turn going down and h which is located below the point of the groove and in which the straight channel starts, going upwards, in the upper point K which starts the screw channel with left turn going upwards, in the upper point L of which the straight channel starts upwards, in the upper the point M of which begins a screw channel with a right stroke, going upwards, ending at the starting point A and a closing groove, and the channels do not intersect and overlap each other.

It is possible to perform a more complex configuration of a closed groove, in which the guide pockets are made at the junction of the direct channel and the screw channel that precedes it in the direction of movement of the finger bypass, the pocket wall formed when cutting the ledge coincides with the wall of the next finger in the direction of movement screw channel or located at an acute angle to the straight channel.

You can perform the groove, which is a mirror image relative to the axis of the barrel and / or about a line perpendicular to the axis of the barrel.

Perhaps the performance of the groove, in which the screw channels have different steps.

The groove works as follows (figure 4, 5, 6). Immediately before descending into the well, when the packer is in a vertical position, the anchor under its own weight moves downwards, while finger 3 will either be at point I, or point B of groove 4. If finger 3 is found at point B, the anchor is moved up along trunk 1 until it stops slips 7 into a cone 9, then allow the anchor to move down. When this happens, the finger 3 moves from point B through points D, D and towards E, then returns to point D and further moves through point F to point I. When the finger is at point I, the packer is ready to go into the well.

At the beginning of the descent, when entering the well, the smooth surfaces of the slips 7 abut against the wall of the well 10, while the anchor is held in place by friction force. When the barrel 1 moves, points K, L, and M pass finger 3. When point A reaches the position of finger 3, the wall of groove 4 rests on finger 3 and through it barrel 1 transmits a force that overcomes the friction force of the slips 7 on the well wall 10. Anchor begins to move down with the packer. In this case, the cone 9 cannot reach the slips 7 and wedge them, causing a premature installation of the packer.

If, when adding a pipe to a descent column with a packer, it is necessary to lift it, for example, to change the pipe elevator, the column is raised to a distance less than the size of channel A - B (Fig. 6). In this case, when the trunk 1 moves upwards, the finger 3 remains in channel A - B and when the trunk moves down, i.e. the resumption of the descent of the column, point A again reaches the position of the finger 3, the anchor moves down along with the packer.

Upon reaching the installation site, the column of pipes is lowered some distance below it. The value of this distance is made up of the length of segments A - B, B - C and the magnitude of the curvature of the pipe from the installation site of the packer to the surface (Fig.6). To ensure the installation of the packer, the value of this distance must be taken with a margin. Then, by lifting the column, the packer is returned to the installation site, while the anchor remains in place at the beginning of the ascent, points B and C pass through finger 3, then groove 4 wall at point C rests on finger 3, moving the anchor along with the packer barrel 1 until it stops the rise. Then the descent of the pipe string is resumed, the anchor is in place, points D pass through finger 3, finger 3 is now in channel D - E. With continued descent, trunk 1 no longer pushes the anchor, since the length of channel D - E is sufficient to finger 3 did not reach point E and did not rest on the wall of the channel. Now the cone 9, moving together with the barrel 1, comes under the slips 7. The slips 7 cut the toothed surfaces into the walls of the borehole 10. With the further descent of the column, the elastic cuffs that are in the packer sealing unit now abut and pressurize the cavities of the well. above and below the packer.

To remove the packer, the tubing string is raised, while the barrel 1 pulls the cone 9 out from under the slips 7. The anchor is held in place due to friction of the smooth surfaces of the slips 7 on the borehole wall 10. As the barrel 1 moves upwards, D and G pass up through the finger 3 When finger 3 reaches point I, the channel wall rests against finger 3 and pushes the anchor up along with the packer. Packer lift to the surface.

Paraffin deposits, proppant, sludge, etc. in the well may make it difficult to rotate the movable ring 2, while when switching the armature instead of moving the finger 3 to another channel, the groove 4 may turn on the barrel 1 the armature itself, preventing the descent or installation of the packer. To prevent this, the guide pin 6, rigidly fixed in the case 5 of the armature, enters the straight channel E - E of the groove 4, not allowing the armature to rotate around the trunk 1, but only move along it, and the constructive armature is made so that the guide pin 6 never went beyond the channel D - E, for example, in the channel D - G, and did not jam the anchor. The finger 3 is always below the guide pin 6. The length of the channel D - E allows the barrel 1 to move relative to the guide pin 6 for setting the cone 9 under the slips 7 and compressing the elastic cuffs when installing the packer.

Thus, the technical result is achieved by adding channels C - C and C - D to the groove, which leads to the following.

First, to build up pipes when descending a column, it is enough to raise the column by an amount less than the length of channel A - B to descend the column elevator to ensure uninterrupted descent without random packer installations leading to wear and loss of time during tripping.

Secondly and most importantly, when switching anchor to a packer lifting column, the position of a finger is uniquely determined by stopping at point B, that is, exceeding the lifting amount required for switching anchor does not cause the finger to go to point I, returning through points K, L , M to point A, that is, the packer is not ready for installation. On the contrary, the lifting of the column must be performed with a margin to ensure the extraction of the curvature of the column, especially in inclined and horizontal wells, when the string of pipes lies in the well, and to move the packer shaft, turning the anchor to the installation position. Lifting the column with a margin instead of lifting by a certain amount, the exact determination of which is impossible, guarantees the installation of the packer from the first attempt by performing simple manipulations.

Thirdly, to prevent rotation of the mechanical armature around the packer barrel, the same groove is used as for controlling the switching of the mechanical armature.

Claims (6)

1. A groove made on the outer surface of the packer barrel, designed to switch the mechanical anchor of the packer with axial installation from the down or up position to the packer position and back formed by a straight channel running from the starting point downwards, at the lower point of which a screw channel begins with the left turn going downwards, at the lower point of which a straight channel starts, going upwards, at the highest point of which a screw channel starts with the right turn going upwards, from the upper point of which two straight lines extend channel, the first of them goes up, the second goes down, the upper point of the upward is above any point of the groove, and at the lower point of the downward starts the screw channel with the right stroke going down and ending with the lower point that is below any point of the groove and which starts a straight channel going upwards, at the upper point of which begins a screw channel with a left turn, going upwards, at the upper point of which a straight channel begins, going upwards, at the upper point of which a screw channel begins with a right turn, going upwards, ends by the starting point and the locking groove, with the channels do not overlap and do not overlap each other. 2. The groove according to claim 1, characterized in that at the junction of the direct channel and the screw channel of the screw channel preceding it in the direction of movement by removing the separating protrusion, the guide pockets are made, the wall of the pocket formed when the projection is cut, coincides with the wall of the next direction of movement bypass the finger of the screw channel or is located at an acute angle to the straight channel. 3. The groove according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made mirror-image relative to the axis of the trunk. 4. The groove according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made mirror with respect to a line perpendicular to the axis of the trunk. 5. The groove according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made mirror-image relative to the axis of the trunk and relative to a line perpendicular to the axis of the trunk. 6. The groove according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw channels have different steps.

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