RU2686544C1 - Cumulative perforator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: blasting operations; mining.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment for perforating and blasting operations in oil and gas wells. Cumulative perforator comprises a sealed housing accommodating a perforated pipe for orientation of cumulative charges and charge initiators, two peripheral groups of charges and one central charge. Boundary groups of charges are equipped with charges of deep penetration, located in equal quantity on edges of sector. Central group is equipped with charges creating holes of large diameter located at the centre of the sector. Each separate charge in the group is located relative to the perforator housing so that the perforation jets during the detonation are directed at angle from 30° up to 90° to plane perpendicular to perforator axis, and jets of charge groups in one section of perforator are directed to plane in adjoining formation.EFFECT: higher permeability of rock in the bottomhole zone of the well and increased fracturing due to dissection of bottom-hole zone perforator by sectors and inside zone of intersecting cumulative jets of groups of charges.1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to equipment for perforating operations in oil and gas wells.

The level of technology

Known analogue, "The way to create perforations in the subterranean formation," intended for use in the perforation of the well. The device is made in the form of a borehole shooting perforator and has the ability to lower it into the well. A borehole shooting perforator contains many explosive charges. Each detonation charge is capable of forming a perforation hole in the reservoir adjacent to the well (patent RU No. 2411353, publ. 10.02.2011).

The reasons for which it is impossible to achieve a technical result is that in the specified technical solution, the location of the axes formed by the channels from the penetration of charges are (oriented) in the direction of the plane passing through the axis of the perforator and directed to one point. The channels formed by the group of charges are in the same plane, which does not allow to create favorable conditions for initiating a fracturing compared to the proposed technical solution, where the channels for breaking through are concentrated and directed to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the perforator.

Known technical solution, taken as a prototype.

A “cumulative perforator” containing a carrier structure in which cumulative charges are located, arranged in groups, characterized in that said groups of charges consist of one or several pairs of charges, while the charges forming a pair are located relative to each other at an angle α, the angle between pairs of charges β is different from or equal to α pairs in pairs, and the angle between charge groups ϕ is different from or equal to α pairs (α RU patent No. 23306792, publ. 27.11.2016)

The reasons for which it is impossible to achieve a technical result is that the shooting groups consist of paired charges, which does not allow for the maximum concentration of channels (damaged areas) in a given area of the reservoir around the casing.

Disclosure of the invention

The technical problem is to develop a cumulative perforator aimed at improving the efficiency of the opening of the layers of oil and gas fields.

The technical result is aimed at increasing the permeability of the rock in the bottomhole zone of the well and increasing fracture, due to the dissection of the bottomhole zone of the perforator in sectors and within the zone of intersecting cumulative jets of charge groups.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the cumulative perforator contains a hermetic case, a perforated tube is located inside the case for orienting shaped charges and means for initiating the charges and contains two edge charge groups and one central charge, while the edge charge groups are equipped with deep penetration charges arranged in equal amounts edges of the sector, and the central group is equipped with charges that create large-diameter holes located in the center of the sector, each charge in the group is positioned relative to the perforator housing such that the perforation jets during detonation are directed at an angle of ^{30 °} to ⁹⁰ ° to a plane perpendicular to the punch axis, the jet of charge groups in one perforating gun section in a plane directed in the surrounding formation.

Description of the drawings

The claimed invention is illustrated by the figures:

FIG. 1 - a general view of the punch;

FIG. 2 - the angle formed in the cross section of the perforator between adjacent groups of charges;

FIG. 3 - a variant of the location of the groups of charges in the housing 2 of the perforator;

FIG. 4, 5 - the location of the charges relative to the axis of the perforator in 2 cross-perpendicular sections, where:

1 - the plane perpendicular to the axis of the perforator;

2 - punch housing;

3 - shaped charges;

4 - the plane of the group of charges;

5 - boundary group of charges;

6 - the central group of charges.

The perforator includes a housing 2, a frame with seats, shaped charges 3 in an amount of from 12 to 20 charges per each conventional meter of perforator. Figure 1 presents a General view of the punch, illustrating the location of groups of charges, cumulative jets (axes) of which are reduced to one plane 4 (figure 1) of the punch. The number of vertical (perpendicular to the axis of the perforator) planes varies from 1 to 7 and depends on the number of charge groups for each conventional punch meter. The number of charges in the group varies from the required density of channels for effective dissection of the formation rock. The angle formed in the cross section of the perforator (Fig. 2) between adjacent groups of charges ranges from 45 ^o to 60 ^o .

FIG. 3, 4, 5 shows the arrangement of charge groups in the punch case as follows: 5 — edge charge group; 6 — central charge group. This arrangement of charge placement allows the central group of charges to be loaded with 6 charges creating large-diameter holes in the casing with a small penetration depth, and the edge group of charges 5 with deep penetration charges. Each individual charge in the group is located relative to the punch body in such a way that the perforation jets during detonation are directed at an angle to the plane, while the jets of charge groups in one section of the punch form a plane 1 in the adjacent formation (Fig. 2). A group of charges in two mutually perpendicular regions (Fig. 2, 4, 5) form the angles F and Y, F and F with the axis of the frame, thereby the cumulative jets describe bicone with a common base.

The diameter at the vertices of the points of intersection of cumulative jets may differ depending on the charge types used. Channels from the penetration of charges form a cross-sectional plane in the form of a circle, perpendicular to the axis of the perforator, which provides an increase in the efficiency of opening a well formation for hydraulic fracturing operations.

The implementation of the invention

A perforator of the required length assembled on the surface of the well is lowered on the logging cable or tubing at a given interval of the well; After conducting a blasting operation, the perforator is removed from the well.

Claims (1)

Cumulative perforator containing a sealed housing, inside of which is a perforated tube for orientation of shaped charges and means for initiating the charges, characterized in that it contains two edge charge groups and one central charge, while the edge charge groups are equipped with deep penetration charges arranged in equal quantity along the edges sector, and the central group is equipped with charges that create large-diameter holes located in the center of the sector, with each individual charge in the group found on the rear relative to the perforator housing such that the perforation jets during detonation are directed at an angle of ^{30 °} to ⁹⁰ ° to a plane perpendicular to the punch axis, and charge jet perforator groups in one section in a plane directed in the surrounding formation.

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