RU2685543C1 - Contact system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: instrument engineering.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of instrument making, in particular to automation devices, which can be used for switching of electric circuits of technical objects of critical purpose. Contact system comprises a housing made from non-magnetic material, which isolates the internal volume of the switch, movable resilient contacts installed in pairs, fixed contacts and a rotary switch with pushers. Breaker is equipped with permanent magnets of alternating polarity, located diametrically and connected by an annular magnetic conductor. Outside the body has an axial ledge equipped with a rotary bushing equipped with additional similar permanent magnets of alternating polarity connected by an additional annular magnetic conductor. Turn angle of rotary bushing exceeds the angle of rotation of the recess, and the angular width of the magnets is not less than half the difference between the angle of rotation of the rotary bushing and the angle of rotation of the crossover. Cantilever elements with possibility of rotation are installed on fixed contacts. In the housing between each pair of movable resilient contacts there fixed is a stop from insulating material interacting in turn with each movable elastic contact in the initial and switched conditions of the contact system.EFFECT: wider field of use with higher reliability of operation.1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of instrumentation, in particular to devices of automation, which can be used for switching electrical circuits of technical objects of critical purpose.

Known contact system, comprising a housing, fixed elastic contacts, a rotary bridger, with conductive sectors that perform the functions of moving contacts [RF patent №2552349, IPC H01H 1/42, published 10.06.2015, bull. No. 16].

The well-known contact system provides a stable transient electrical resistance, ensures reliable operation during shock and vibration effects. However, its use is possible only in sealed devices, that is, the scope is limited.

Known contact system inertial switch [RF patent №2193800, IPC H01H 35/14, published 11.27.2002, bull. No. 33], comprising a housing, elastic contacts, a rotary jumper with conductive sectors that perform the functions of moving contacts.

The contact system is quite miniature, but it also ensures reliable operation only in sealed devices, that is, its application is also limited. The use of a known contact system in untight devices and devices will affect the reliability of the electrical parameters during operation.

Known contact system of the electromagnetic polarized switch [RF patent №2599625, IPC H01H 51/22, published 10.10.2016, bull. No. 28, FIG. 6], comprising a housing made of a non-magnetic material, isolating the internal volume of the switch, movable elastic contacts, stationary contacts and a rotary bypass e pushers placed in the housing. Known contact system is considered as a prototype. Each elastic contact of the prototype is controlled (opened or closed) by the corresponding pusher fixed on the jumper.

The well-known contact system is quite miniature, but it has the same drawbacks as the analogues. In addition, in extreme angular positions (at the end of the rotation of the bridger), it only provides contact opening, while in some applications contact closure is required. This feature narrows the scope of the known contact system.

The task of the invention is the creation of a reliable hermetic contact system for devices and devices that commute electrical circuits in wide applications.

The technical result, the achievement of which the claimed invention is directed, is to expand the scope with increasing reliability.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that in a contact system comprising a body of non-magnetic material, isolating the internal volume of the switch, movable elastic contacts, fixed contacts, rotary bypass with pushers arranged in pairs according to the invention, the bypass switch is equipped with permanent magnets of alternating polarity located diametrically and connected by an annular magnetic circuit; on the outside, the housing has an axial protrusion, equipped with a rotating sleeve, equipped with complementary analogous permanent magnets of alternating polarity, connected by an additional annular magnetic circuit, the rotational angle of the rotary sleeve exceeds the angle of rotation of the bypass switch, and the angular width of the magnets is not less than half the difference of the angle of rotation of the rotary sleeve and the angle of rotation of the bypass switch, while the fixed elements are mounted on the fixed contacts , and in the case between each pair of moving elastic contacts there is fixed one stop made of insulating material, the interaction acting alternately with each moving elastic contact in the initial and switched states of the contact system.

Equipping the bridger with diametrically located permanent magnets of alternating polarity, connected by an annular magnetic circuit, and arranging an axial protrusion on the outside of the casing with a rotatable sleeve with additional similar permanent magnets installed, also connected by an additional annular magnetic conductor, allows switching of the contact system through the hermetic wall of the insulating contact from exposure to the external environment, often with non-contractual moisture content.

Meeting the conditions on the magnitude and ratio of the angles of rotation of the external rotary sleeve, the bypass switch and the angular width of the magnets improves the switching reliability of the contact system and the reliability of preservation (retention) of the original and switched state, including when exposed to high-intensity operating vibrations and shock accelerations.

Installation on stationary contacts of console elements can be rotated when adjusting the contact system, and fixing in the case between each pair of movable elastic contacts rests made of insulating material, interacting alternately with each movable elastic contact in the initial and switched states of the contact system, allows you to perform a contact system with three and more pairs of reliable contacts, which undoubtedly expands the possible applications of the inventive contact system.

The presence in the claimed invention of features that distinguish it from the prototype, allows us to consider it appropriate to the condition of "novelty."

New features, which contain a distinctive part of the claims, are not identified in the technical solutions for a similar purpose. On this basis, it is possible to draw a conclusion on the compliance of the claimed invention with the term “inventive step”.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an axial section of the contact system.

FIG. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one.

FIG. 3 is a section bB in FIG. 1, the construction of a bridger.

FIG. 4 shows a section B-B in FIG. 1, the design of the outer sleeves. Contact system in its original state.

FIG. 5 shows a section B-B in FIG. 1. Contact system in the switched state.

FIG. 6 - contact system in the initial state (body not shown).

FIG. 7 - contact system in the switched state (case not shown).

The contact system (Fig. 1-7) includes a housing 1, in which a pad 2 with current leads 3 on glass insulators 4 is installed. The housing 1 is made of a non-magnetic material, for example stainless chrome-nickel steel of type 12X18H10T. On the current leads 3 are installed elastic contacts 5 and console elements 6. Between each pair of elastic contacts 5 are stops 7, made on an insulator 8 fixed on a shoe 2. Console elements 6 provide adjustment of the simultaneous closed state of all elastic contacts 5 in the initial and switched states of the contact system. The use of console elements 6 provides an implementation of the contact system with a small scatter angle of closure of all its contacts. On the axis 9, screwed into the block 2, a switch 10 is installed with diametrically located two permanent magnets 11 of alternating polarity, made for example of samarium-cobalt material. The opposite poles of the magnets 11 are connected by an annular magnetic core 12 made of a magnetically soft metal, for example electrical steel. The annular shape of the magnetic circuit 12 is the most optimal when there is space in the zone of the longitudinal axis of the switch. In the switch 10 are fixed by welding the pushers 13 with insulators 14. The switch 10 is made of a nonmagnetic material, such as brass or bronze. On the cylindrical protrusion 15 of the housing 1 mounted rotary sleeve 16, also made of non-magnetic material, such as brass or bronze. On the rotary sleeve 16 is fixed additional permanent magnets 17 of alternating polarity, similar to the permanent magnets 11. The opposite poles of the permanent magnets 17 are also connected by an additional annular magnetic conductor 18. In the rotary sleeve 16 with the magnetic conductor 18, a groove 19 is made for kinematically coupling the drive coupling to the device drive device or handle switching manual switch, which uses the contact system (the latter are not shown on the drawings).

FIG. 1-7 shows an example of using a contact system as a limit rotary switch to control the extreme angular positions of a rotary element of a technical object (not shown in the drawings).

The angular width of the permanent magnets 11 and 17, made in the form of sectors, for example f _m = 30 °. The angle of rotation of the external rotary sleeve 16 f _in = 60 °. The angle of rotation of the actuator contacts 10 f _n = 30 °. With the proposed angular dimensions, the relationship is: f _m ≥ (f _in ф _n ) / 2 and provides for the overlapping of the permanent magnets 11 and 17 in the initial and switched states Δф = 15 °, ensuring the retention of the contact system in the initial and switched states, respectively. The area (area) of the overlap 20 is shown in FIG. 4, 5 shaded.

The largest angular width of the permanent magnets 11 and 17 may be limited by the condition of their guaranteed location (taking into account the mutual rotation when switching the contact system), for example, in the region of 180 °. The relationship should be: 2 f _m - Δф <180 °. To fulfill the above condition, one can limit oneself to the greatest angular width of the permanent magnets of 11 and 17 ft _m = 90 °.

With an increased angular width of the permanent magnets 11 and 17, an additional effect appears - an additional force (moment) of the interaction of the magnetic systems (due to the mutual repulsion of the oppositely arranged permanent magnets 11, 17), also contributing to increasing the reliability of switching and maintaining the original and switched states of the contact system including when exposed to high-intensity vibrations and shock accelerations. Each permanent magnet 17 attracts a corresponding permanent magnet 11 and at the same time pushes away another, oppositely located permanent magnet 11.

Contact system works as follows.

When turning the rotary sleeve 16 through the groove 19 of the drive coupling from the device, which uses the contact system (not shown) at an angle of φ _in ≈60 °, the permanent magnets 17 located on it, interacting with the permanent magnets 11, turn the jumper 10 on angle φ _n ≈ 30 °, which, with its pushers 13, will squeeze the corresponding elastic contacts 5 from the projections 7 and ensure their pressing against the corresponding cantilever elements 6 (the contacts close). Other resilient contacts 5 not held by pushers will move away from the corresponding cantilever elements 6 (contacts open) and press against stops 7. The rotation angle of the rotary sleeve 16, exceeding the rotation angle of the bridging switch 10, will provide mutual displacement of the permanent magnets 11 relative to the permanent magnets 17. creating a case of holding G switch 10, therefore, the corresponding elastic contacts 5 in the closed state.

When turning the outer rotary sleeve 16 in the opposite direction, the contact system switches to its original state in a similar way.

The information presented indicates that the following sets of conditions are fulfilled when using the claimed invention:

- means embodying the claimed invention in its implementation, is intended for use as a contact system for switching electrical circuits of technical objects of critical purpose;

- a means of embodying the claimed invention in the implementation, capable of expanding the scope with increasing reliability of operation;

- for the stated contact system in the form in which it is described in the claims, the possibility of its implementation is confirmed using the means and methods described in the application and known before the priority date.

Therefore, the claimed contact system meets the condition of "industrial applicability".

Claims (1)

Contact system comprising a body of non-magnetic material, isolating the internal volume of a switch, movable elastic contacts, fixed contacts, a rotary bypass with pushers placed in a case, characterized in that the bypass is equipped with alternating polarity permanent magnets arranged diametrically and connected by an annular magnetic conductor, outside the case has an axial protrusion, equipped with a rotatable sleeve, equipped with additional similar permanent magnets polarity, connected by an additional annular magnetic circuit, and the rotational angle of the rotary sleeve exceeds the angle of rotation of the bridger, and the angular width of the magnets is not less than half the difference between the angle of rotation of the rotary sleeve and the angle of rotation of the bridger, while the console elements are mounted on fixed contacts, and in the case Between each pair of moving elastic contacts there is fixed one stop made of insulating material, which interacts alternately with each moving elastic contact. act in the initial and switched states of the contact system.

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