RU2685219C1 - Method of controlling the sensitivity of a television camera on a ccd matrix in conditions of complex lighting and / or complex brightness of objects - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: television technology.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to television technology and is oriented to use in television cameras, made on the basis of matrix television sensors based on the technology of charge-coupled devices (CCD), in which electronic sensitivity control is provided due to changes in the intraframe accumulation time. Accumulation section of the CCD matrix has 1:1 format and is divided horizontally into n isolated targets from each other with the same format, wherein the value of the automatic adjustment accumulation time (AAAT) control voltage and the accumulation time of the information charges per frame are determined separately for each said target from the peak value of the video signal, and the output register is made in the form of two adjacent linear registers acting in turn to the first two-channel charge-voltage converting unit (CVCU) in one direction or to the second two-channel CVCU in the opposite direction, wherein in order to optimize the accumulation mode selection of the CCD matrix, spatial rotation of the photoreceiver around the centre point of its target is performed through angle of 90°.EFFECT: technical result is to automatically increase sensitivity for these fragments of a television frame with low illumination by increasing accumulation time for them and with possibility of correct selection of their spatial position, as well as simultaneous implementation of saving power consumption of the photodetector.1 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to television technology and is focused on the use of television cameras, made on the basis of matrix television sensors according to the technology of charge-coupled devices (CCD), which provide electronic sensitivity adjustment due to changes in intraframe accumulation time.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention should be considered a method of controlling the sensitivity of a television camera on a CCD matrix [1], which consists in that on the target (accumulation section) of a CCD matrix with the organization “personnel transfer” with a period of frames accumulate information charges charges with the frequency of personnel transfer from the accumulation section to the memory section, transfer information charges line by line from the memory section to the output register in the horizontal flyback interval, and in the direct line scan interval, information charges are transferred element by element from the output register to the output block of the CCD with simultaneous conversion of charge into video signal voltage (BPSR), and in the accumulation section in the interval between the frame transfer of the current frame and the accumulation cycle of the subsequent frame the excess charges are diverted photodetector substrate by the technological organization of the anti-blooming area and the electronic shutter in the accumulation section, with the personnel transfer of information charges from the accumulation section in the memory section is carried out on the final interval of the frame-reversing interval with the corresponding time delay for accumulating information charges, and in the interval of the frame-reversing interval, preceding the transfer of information charges, the section of the memory is cleared from parasitic charges by moving them from personnel transfer rate to the output register or due to their removal to the photodetector substrate by the technological organization and antiblyumingovoy region and the electronic shutter in the memory section.

Note that in the prototype [1], the current loading of information charge packets of the output register of the CCD array is performed within a time interval, which in the television scan takes the interval τ _о.х.с - the duration of the return stroke on the line. The transfer of these charge packets along the output register and the reading in the BPSN is performed with the element-transfer frequency ₃ .

This method of sensitivity control is able to solve the problem of adapting the photodetector to the conditions of light overloads on the target.

It is assumed that the television camera in which this sensitivity control method is implemented includes an automatic accumulation time adjustment device (ARVN), and the control voltage generated by this unit via the feedback circuit determines the duration of exposure (accumulation) by the CCD sensor per frame depending on the illumination (brightness) of the observed plot. Obviously, the memory section of the CCD matrix of the prototype [1] is shielded from light.

However, when working in conditions of complex illumination and / or complex brightness of objects, when high illumination (brightness) in some areas of the field of view is accompanied by low illumination (brightness) in other areas, the prototype sensitivity control method [1] implemented in a television camera cannot cope with the situation, not avoiding the deterioration of image quality throughout the frame.

This is explained by the fact that in these conditions the automatic adjustment of the accumulation time (ARVN) of a television camera, which operates on this sensitivity control signal, performs its voltage readout using an amplitude detector based on the peak or average value of the video signal generated at the photodetector output. But it spreads its obtained result, namely: the duration of the accumulation time, to all the elements (pixels) of the target.

The disadvantage of the sensitivity control method in the prototype [1] is that a limited accumulation mode arises (in time) for those parts of the image that are observed at low illumination (brightness) of the objects corresponding to them.

The objective of the invention is the organization in the automatic mode of increasing the sensitivity for these fragments of a television frame by increasing their accumulation time and with the possibility of the correct choice of their spatial position, as well as with the simultaneous implementation of energy saving of the photodetector.

The task in the claimed method of controlling the sensitivity of a television camera on a CCD matrix is based on the fact that information charges are accumulated on the target (accumulation section) of a CCD matrix with the organization “personnel transfer” with a frame period of information in accordance with the control voltage for ARVN; transfer information charges with the frequency of personnel transfer from the accumulation section to the shielded from the light section of the memory; transfer information charges line by line from the memory section to the output register in the horizontal flyback interval; and in the direct line scan interval, information charges are transferred element by element from the output register to the output block of the CCD with simultaneous conversion of charge into video signal voltage (BPSR), and in the accumulation section in the interval between the frame transfer of the current frame and the accumulation cycle of the subsequent frame the excess charges are diverted photodetector substrate by the technological organization of the anti-blooming area and the electronic shutter in the accumulation section, with the personnel transfer of information charges from the accumulation section in the memory section is carried out on the final interval of the frame-reversing interval with the corresponding time delay for accumulating information charges, and in the interval of the frame-reversing interval, preceding the transfer of information charges, the section of the memory is cleared from parasitic charges by moving them from personnel transfer rate to the output register or due to their removal to the photodetector substrate by the technological organization and the anti-blooming area and the electronic shutter in the memory section, is solved in that the accumulation section of the CCD array has a format (ratio of section width to its height) 1: 1 and is divided horizontally into n isolated from each other targets with the same format control of photoreceiving and scanning processes; in this case, the magnitude of the control voltage ARVN and, accordingly, the duration of accumulation of information charges per frame are determined separately for each of this separately taken target by the peak sign eniyu video signal generated at the photodetector output during the corresponding time slot within the forward stroke of the frame, wherein the frequency of the element-wise transfer of charge packets ƒ _e is reduced by half, and the output register is in the form of two adjacent linear registers acting alternately on the first dual BPZN in one direction or on the second two-channel BPSR in the opposite direction, each of these linear registers contains half of the elements of the number of pixels for each photodetector Troki, and in the interval τ _o.h.s. charge the charge packets of the current information line both linear "registers consistently in time and separately for odd and even pixels of this line, and the number of phase electrodes for a single pixel in both linear registers must be even, making 2 or 4, and to optimize the choice of mode CCD array accumulations realize the spatial rotation of the photodetector around the center point of its target through an angle of 90 °.

Comparative analysis of the prototype [1] shows that the claimed method is characterized by the presence of the following features:

- condition for the implementation of preliminary actions with the CCD of a television camera, namely: dividing the accumulation section of the photodetector into n isolated from each other targets with the same format, which are controlled in parallel;

- choosing one of two possible spatial positions of the CCD matrix by rotating its target through an angle of 90 ° relative to the previous position;

- performing parallel actions in a television camera to set the duration of charge accumulation per frame for each of the n sensor targets;

- the new organization of the output register of the matrix photodetector, equipped with two BPSNs, with the implementation of element-by-element charge transfer along the output register in two opposite directions;

- implementation of energy saving of the matrix photodetector due to the halving of the frequency of element-by-element transfer ƒ ₃ as well as the new organization in it of its constituent units: the output register and BPS. According to the claimed method, the output register consists of two parallel registers, and each of the two BPSNs is a two-channel block. In this case, the charge signals will be recorded in the first or in the second BPSN in the correct phase ratio due to the choice of an even indicator for the number of phase electrodes in relation to a single element of these registers.

Here it is important to note the following. From the monograph [2, p. 153] it is known that in an n-channel CCD with a cell size of 30 μm, operating at a frequency of 1 MHz, a charge packet of 0.5 pC consumes a specific power of about 2.8 nW / cell. And this value grows as the square of the working frequency!

When organizing such a mode of element-by-element charge transfer control for a matrix photodetector on a CCD, the resolution of the video signal of the observed plot remains unchanged, and the power consumption of a television camera based on such a sensor is “decelerated”, compensating for the full or partial associated energy costs.

The combination of known and new features is not known from the prior art, therefore, the claimed method meets the requirement of novelty.

The technical result and the method of its achievement the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of the presence of inventive step.

FIG. 1 shows the schematic organization of the CCD personnel transfer with three isolated targets (n = 3); in fig. 2 shows two working positions of the matrix photodetector, in which the spatial rotation of the target through an angle of 90 ° is realized relative to each other; in fig. 3 shows a block diagram of the device, explaining the implementation of the proposed method of sensitivity control, which is, in essence, the design of a new ARVN photodetector; in fig. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of a peak detector circuit diagram, three of which are adopted (indicated) in FIG. 3; in fig. 5b - 5g relative to the temporary position of the extinguishing pulse of the rows shown in FIG. 5a shows diagrams of control signals for obtaining the necessary areas ("windows") of photometry of the charge relief of a photodetector; in fig. 6b is a plot illustrating the temporal position of the output signal of the ARVN device (relative to the vertical damping pulse shown in FIG. 6a); in fig. 7 is given a fragment of the cross section of the accumulation section or the memory section of the CCD matrix, illustrating the physical processes that accompany the technological organization of the anti-blooming area and the electronic shutter in these sections of the photodetector; in fig. 8a) and 8b) shows the position of the three “windows” of photometry of the accumulation section of the CCD array under conditions of its complex illumination and / or complex brightness with reference to two working positions of the photodetector; in fig. 9 are diagrams explaining the management of the first and second linear registers of the photodetector, in which the control of elementwise transfer is carried out according to the claimed method.

The CCD 1 matrix (Fig. 1) with the organization “personnel transfer” is performed on a silicon chip and consists of accumulation sections 1-1 connected in series by charge-coupling, memory section 1-2, first linear register 1-3- (1), second linear register 1-3- (2), the first BPSN 1-4- (1) and the second BPSN 1-4- (2).

The dash-dotted lines in FIG. 1 shows the selection in section 1-1 of the accumulation of a photodetector of three isolated targets with the same format, i.e. n = 3. We introduce the designation of these sensors, respectively, as: 1-1-1, 1-1-2 and 1-1-3.

Similar to the prototype [1], in the first embodiment of the CCD array, each of these targets contains an anti-blooming area embedded in its semiconductor structure and an electronic shutter GA.

According to the second embodiment of the CCD sensor, the anti-blooming area and the electronic gate GB are additionally integrated in the memory section 1-2.

Note that the use of these technological features is due to the need to eliminate parasitic charges in the photodetector under conditions of its light overloads. For a television camera, such overloads are often an accompanying phenomenon and observations in conditions of complex illumination and / or complex brightness of objects.

As shown in FIG. 7, the GA gate is an “electronic” gate of the accumulation section. For a photo-receiver with three-phase charge transfer in sections (accumulation and memory) and with n-channel conductivity, if the gate GA has a low (relative to the substrate) potential, the latter is closed, and the potential wells under the phase electrodes of the target are insulated from the drain region due to this barrier offsets. Then on the phototarget itself the process of accumulation of charge photoelectrons under the F2H electrodes is initiated (see Fig. 7a).

When a high potential is applied to the GA gate, the potential barrier is removed, the gate opens, and the accumulation of photoelectrons is eliminated on the target. This is explained by the fact that the carriers, not lingering in the potential wells under the phase electrodes F2N, rush into deeper wells created by the potential DA in the drain region, and then recombine into the substrate of the photodetector (see Fig. 7b).

Obviously, the “electronic” shutter GB with the anti-blooming area controlled by the potential DB, when they are embedded in the memory section 1-2 around the F2P phase electrodes, as shown in FIG. 7

For all three isolated targets of the CCD 1, a parallel control operates, which ensures the process of current charge relief accumulation in accordance with the duration specified by the output pulse at the input of the electronic shutter of the sensor of each target, i.e. through GA1, GA2 and GA3, as shown in FIG. one.

The organization of this parallel control can be carried out by “multiplying” the pulse signals with the help of external buffer stages for ready-made circuits that implement a set (set) of necessary control voltages.

The method of controlling the sensitivity of a television camera proposed in the present technical solution can be implemented for two other technological variants of the CCD matrix, i.e. for sensors manufactured respectively by the method of “line transfer” and “line-frame transfer” [3, p. 134-137]. At the same time, the photo-receiving area of these devices, in which the vertically positioned lines of photosensitive elements alternate with vertical lines of pixels isolated from light, should be technologically prepared similarly to the accumulation section section of the CCD of the personnel transfer, i.e. by dividing horizontally into n isolated targets with the same format, and the output register of these sensors is made in the form of two adjacent linear registers acting alternately on the first two-channel BPSN or when changing the direction (reverse) of elementwise transfer - on the second two-channel BPSN.

Consider the previously announced structural scheme of ARVN in FIG. 3. It contains the shaper 2 signals "windows" for photometric measurement of the sensor, the first peak detector 3 and the first pulse-width modulator (PWM) 4 connected in series, the second peak detector 5 and the second PWM 6 connected in series, and the third peak detector 7 connected in series and the third PWM 8. The information inputs of all three peak detectors (3, 5, 7) are connected to the video output of the photodetector 1, and the control inputs of these peak detectors are respectively to the first, second and third outputs of the imaging unit 2.

The fourth output of the driver 2 is connected to the reset inputs of all three peak detectors (3, 5, 7).

The output of block 4 is connected to the electronic shutter GA1 of target 1-1-1, the output of block 6 is connected to the electronic shutter GA2 of target 1-1-2, and the output of block 8 to the electronic shutter GA3 of target 1-1-3. It is assumed that in the television camera from its microcontroller to the input of the shaper 2 signals of the "windows" are fed start and synchronization pulses.

Shaper 2 is designed to implement three pulse signals (see Fig. 5b - 5d), which are fed to the control inputs of peak detectors. A three-bit binary counter can be used to obtain these signals [see, for example, 4, p. 168-170].

Broadcasting through the shaper 2 from the television camera microcontroller provides a frame sync pulse of positive polarity for zeroing (resetting) all three peak detectors (3, 5, 7) at the beginning of each frame.

Peak detectors are designed to register the maximum level of an analog video signal arriving at their information inputs in the presence of a high level of a pulse signal at their control inputs.

Each of the peak detectors can be made on the basis of two operational amplifiers (OA) according to the scheme proposed in [5, p. 301]. The feature of the circuit shown in FIG. 3, is the selection of the first (input) op-amp. This OU must additionally have a control input for implementing external control of the reserve power and operating point using an external bias voltage. An example of such an opamp is a CA3078T chip from RCA (USA).

The pulse signals that need to be applied to the control inputs of all three peak detectors (3, 5, 7) are represented in the time diagrams shown respectively in FIG. 5b, 5b, 5g.

The output signals of peak detectors 3, 5 and 7 are control voltages for blocks 4, 6 and 8 of a pulse-width modulator (PWM), at the outputs of each of which an “autonomous” digital accumulation signal will be generated (see Fig. 6b).

до его минимального отсчета

в зависимости от величины входного управляющего напряжения.Note that this signal may change during a frame from the maximum reference value.

to its minimum count

depending on the magnitude of the input control voltage.

To fulfill its functional “duty”, a digital accumulation signal is fed to the control input of the sensor, which is its “electronic” gate GA.

It is obvious that such a process of optimized charge accumulation on section 1-1 of the CCD matrix, depending on the level of illumination of the monitored scene, will occur in parallel and on all three targets 1-1-1, 1-1-2 and 1-1-3 by controlling through the corresponding gates GA1, GA2 and GA3 (see FIG. 1).

The devices shown in FIG. 1-3, work as follows.

Assume that, by default, a photodetector on a CCD occupies the spatial position shown in FIG. 2a

The optical image of the observed scene in conditions of complex illumination and / or complex brightness of objects is projected onto the accumulation section 1-1 of the CCD matrix, and, consequently, onto all three targets making it (1-1-1, 1-1-2, 1- 1-3).

In our example shown in FIG. 8a, in the conditions of high illumination of the observed plot, there appears an area occupied by the “Window” 1; in low light conditions - “Window” 2; and in conditions of significantly reduced illumination - the “Window” 3.

In the interval of the direct course of each television frame, the process of optimized accumulation of charges in the photosensitive pixels of all three targets 1-1-1, 1-1-2 and 1-1-3 occurs in proportion to the illumination of the monitored plot.

During the interval of the subsequent interval of the reverse frame sweep, the charges of all the lines participating in the accumulation are transferred to pixels shielded from light located in section 1-2 of the memory.

Then, in the new frame cycle, another charge “picture” is accumulated, and the charge packets accumulated in the previous frame are transferred from section 1-2 of the memory to the periphery of the photodetector crystal, loading in the horizontal sweep interval (τ _fx ) the new charges linear register. Note that in FIG. 1 loading closures are shown by thick lines.

Let us consider in more detail the “charge loading” mechanism using the time diagrams of the signals presented in FIG. 9.

FIG. 9a shows the signal plot for the horizontal quenching pulse of a television scan, which is active during the interval τ _oh.s. with a period of lines T _with .

FIG. 9b, fig. 9c shows the plots of pulse signals that control the loading gates of the second linear register 1-3- (2) and the first linear register 1-3- (1), respectively.

Note that the first linear register 1-3- (1) is universal, ensuring the transfer of charge packets in two directions, namely: both along the register and across (through), i.e. in the cells of the second linear register 1-3- (2).

To implement the second function, additional electrodes (marked with a dotted line in Fig. 1) are connected to each other and connected to a constant voltage, the value of which is not less than the control potential of the charge. transfer. These additional electrodes simultaneously perform another important role, namely: exclude charge losses during transfer in register 1-3- (1). For this reason, exactly the same additional electrodes are installed in the gaps between the elements of the register 1-3- (2).

FIG. 9g, FIG. 9d are diagrams of pulse signals that control the operation of both linear registers in parallel as applied to a two-phase charge transfer charge system, where T _e = 1 / ƒ _e is the element-by-element transfer period of charge packets.

τ_о.х.с. - интервале активного действия импульса на фиг. 9б через открытый затвор загрузки в регистр 1-3-(2), в ячейки под первыми фазными электродами, будут поступать заряды первого, третьего, пятого и других нечетных элементов этой строки.In the interim

τ _oh.s. - the active pulse interval in FIG. 9b through the open gate of the load in the register 1-3- (2), in the cells under the first phase electrodes, the charges of the first, third, fifth and other odd elements of this row will be received.

τ_о.х.с. - интервале активного действия импульса, изображенного на фиг. 9в, через открытый затвор, в ячейки под первыми фазными электродами, будет загружаться зарядами регистр 1-3-(1), но применительно для второго, четвертого, шестого и других четных элементов этой строки.And in the subsequent interval

τ _oh.s. - the interval of active action of the pulse depicted in FIG. 9b, through the open gate, into the cells under the first phase electrodes, the registers 1-3- (1) will be loaded by charges, but applied to the second, fourth, sixth, and other even-numbered elements of this row.

Note that in this time interval the charge packets loaded earlier in the linear register 1-3- (2) remain “in their places”, being the potential wells of this register in the storage mode.

The charge packets of each row in each subsequent frame cycle are read elementwise in the first BPSN 1-4- (1), forming at its output an analog video signal of the observed image.

Next, in the television camera, the analog video signal of the image is converted into a digital video signal and recorded in the operational or permanent memory as part of a single structurally implemented device.

The technical result of the proposed solution is ensured by the fact that the optimal performance of the accumulation time (T _n ) for all n areas of the target area of the CCD matrix is obtained in a fully automated camera mode.

Therefore, in comparison with the prototype [1], an increased signal-to-noise ratio (ψ) of the generated video signal and, accordingly, an increase in sensitivity for those parts of the image that are recorded at low illumination (brightness) of the corresponding objects, and, equally important, will be achieved - with the implementation of energy saving sensor.

Assume that the complex illumination conditions of the observed scene and / or the complex brightness of the objects being monitored have significantly changed from the standpoint of spatial location. Namely, image fragments projected onto accumulation section 1-1 from “vertically arranged” become fragments “horizontally arranged”.

Obviously, in this situation, the loss of sensitivity of a television camera on a CCD is inevitable due to an error in the counting of the photodetector accumulation time for the fragments of images observed in low light conditions.

But the claimed method successfully overcomes this “situational” difficulty. For this, it is necessary to perform a spatial rotation of the photodetector (counterclockwise) around the center point of its target through an angle of 90 °, i.e. the CCD array will occupy the spatial position shown in FIG. 2b.

As a result, for the sensor the photometric “window” becomes oriented in space not horizontally, but horizontally, as shown in FIG. 8b.

In the considered example, under conditions of high illumination of the observed plot, there appears the region occupied by the “Window” 3; in low light conditions - “Window” 2; and in conditions of significantly reduced illumination - the “Window” 1. Therefore, the accumulation time for each of these fragments of images, performed due to the peak video signal detection, will be correct, i.e. realizing the desired increase in the sensitivity of the sensor.

Then the first and second registers of the CCD array will alternately transfer the charges in the opposite direction, i.e. in the direction of the second BPSN 1-4- (2), where they are similarly recorded.

As a result, the sensitivity of the photodetector will be increased. Note that the reverse movement of charges in the registers and the introduction of the second BPSN in the photodetector is necessary in order to avoid the “specularity” of the image being formed.

Further, as in the initial position of the photodetector, the generated analog video signal in the television camera is converted into a digital video signal. But before reading the video signal from the memory here for.

the obtained digital image by means of programming is additionally performed to rotate it 90 ° (counterclockwise).

The inventive method of sensitivity control is recommended to be used in mobile devices, in which the television and / or camera constructively integrates with the monitor into one device.

In this case, the required spatial rotation of the CCD matrix at an angle of 90 ° is carried out similarly to the choice of orientation of the device in smartphones, where a “portrait” or “landscape” screen orientation is proposed.

Note that in the monitor of our device for the video signal, which is formed by a television camera, the necessary screen rotation is performed, which corresponds to the realization of the “Adaptive display” option in the smartphone.

At present, all the elements of the circuit organization of the above-mentioned matrix photodetectors on a CCD, as well as blocks and elements of a commented block diagram of an ARVN sensor device implementing the proposed method of controlling the sensitivity of a television camera, have been mastered or can be mastered by domestic industry.

Therefore, the intended invention should be considered as meeting the requirement of industrial applicability.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. RF patent №2399164. IPC H04N 5/335; H04N 5/217. The method of forming the image signal. / V.M. Smelkov // B.I. - 2010. - №25.

2. Seken K., Tompset M. Charge transfer devices. Translation from English - "The World", 1978.

3. Vlado Damyanovski. CCTV. Bible CCTV. Digital and network technologies. Translation from English - M .: ISP Press, 2006.

4. Tokheim R. Basics of digital electronics. Translation from English - M .: Mir, 1988.

5. Peyton A.J., Volsh V. Analog electronics on operational amplifiers. Translation from English - M .: "BINOM", 1994.

Claims (1)

The method of controlling the sensitivity of a television camera on a CCD matrix under conditions of complex illumination and / or complex brightness of objects, computer recording of a video signal and its playback, which consists in accumulating information on the target (accumulation section) of a CCD matrix with the frame transfer organization charges in accordance with the control voltage to automatically adjust the accumulation time (ARVN), transfer information charges with the frequency of personnel transfer from the accumulation section to the EC The light section, which is animated from light, transfers information charges line by line from the memory section to the output register in the horizontal sweep interval, and in the forward horizontal stroke interval, transfers the information charges from the output register to the output block of the CCD matrix while simultaneously converting the charge to the video signal voltage ( BPZN), and in the accumulation section in the interval between the frame transfer of the current frame and the accumulation cycle of the subsequent frame, excess charges are diverted to the photo-photo substrate by the technological organization of the anti-blooming area and the electronic shutter in the accumulation section, the personnel transfer of information charges from the accumulation section to the memory section is carried out on the final interval of the vertical sweep of the personnel sweep with the corresponding time delay of the accumulation of information charges, and in the interval of the reverse frame scan, prior to the transfer of information charges, carry out cleaning of the memory section from the parasitic charges due to their movement with the frequency of personnel transfer to the output register or due to their removal into the photodetector substrate by the technological organization of the anti-blooming area and the electronic shutter in the memory section, characterized in that the accumulation section of the CCD has a 1: 1 format and is divided horizontally on n isolated from each other targets with the same format, which have a parallel operating process of photoreceiving and scanning, while the magnitude of the control voltage ARVN and accordingly lasts lnost accumulating information charges per frame are determined separately for each of the individual target by the peak value of the video signal generated at the photodetector output during the corresponding time slot within the forward stroke of the frame, wherein the frequency of the element-wise transfer of charge packets ƒ _e is reduced by half, and the output register is performed as two adjacent linear registers acting alternately on the first two-channel BPSN in one direction or on the second two-channel BPSN in opposite directions ohm direction, with each of these linear registers contains half the elements of the number of pixels for each photodetector line, and in the interval τ _o.h.s. charge the charge packets of the current information line both linear "registers consistently in time and separately for odd and even pixels of this line, and the number of phase electrodes for a single pixel in both linear registers must be even, making 2 or 4, and to optimize the choice of mode CCD array accumulations realize the spatial rotation of the photodetector around the center point of its target through an angle of 90 °.

Images