RU2685147C1 - Shovel loader lever-hinged with a drop-down stop - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manual mechanical devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to manual mechanical devices designed for snow removal, transportation, lifting and unloading into a dump. Shovel loader lever-hinged with a drop-down support stop consists of a single-axle platform on wheels, with front and rear stops when tilting forward and backward. Figure lever is pivotally attached to the front stop, which is U-shaped in the longitudinal projection, and L-shaped in the transverse projection. At the point of the lower bend of this lever, the stop, which falls under its own weight, is attached pivotally, which is equipped with springs, working along the stop levers like shock absorbers, and a rope thrown over the axis of the front stop and mounted on the handle to raise the drop-down stop when folded. At the upper end of the figure lever, a lever for lifting and controlling the device with handles is also hinged, moreover, the front end of the lever serves for the hinge mounting of the shovel-bucket, and the lever handles – for the application of man-made force and weight. Also a shovel-bucket tilt control linkages are pivotally attached to the upper ledges of the figured lever, which are pivotally attached directly to the bucket with their the second end.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to ease the load on the spine and muscles of a person when clearing snow from the territories.

1 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to manual mechanical devices designed for snow removal, transportation, lifting and unloading into the dump. The idea is to manually, without using mechanical, hydraulic and electric drives, but only with the help of a system of levers, by applying their own weight, a person could fill the shovel bucket, transport the cargo to the place of unloading and lift it to dumps or to the back of the vehicle. The device is autonomous and does not require maintenance, as well as the cost of fuel and lubricants or electricity.

Nowadays, hand tools such as a shovel, scraper, car or cart are used to clean, transship and transport snow, sand, earth or gravel. These devices require large physical costs from a person and load the muscles of the back and lower back of a person. The proposed shovel loader unloads the lower back and back with the help of a system of levers and allows one device to carry out the whole chain of actions from filling the bucket and transporting it to lifting and unloading, using only the person's strength and his own weight.

Lever-hinged shovel - a loader with drop-down emphasis is designed to clear snow from areas, transport snow to a place of unloading, lift snow onto dumps or into a transport body and dump snow from a bucket. The same device can be used for transportation, lifting and loading of any goods up to 40-50 kg. with average statistical weight of the person working with it. The planned maximum load of the device is up to 100 kg.

Shovel - loader is a single axle platform on wheels, on which is installed a system of levers, hinges and stops with a cargo bucket - a shovel.

The invention consists in a combination of levers, hinges and stops, assembled in a certain way and allowing a person to load, transport and unload the load with the help of a growing force and its own weight, reducing the load on the spine and muscles.

The purpose of the invention: To alleviate the load on the spine and muscles of a person when clearing areas of snow, when transporting cargo to the place of unloading, when lifting cargo on dumps or in the back of a vehicle and when dumping cargo from a bucket.

This is achieved by the presence in the system of levers of this device drop down under its own weight emphasis, which allows to divide the process of lifting the load into stages, which greatly facilitates the work of a person when performing this operation.

Known and widely used for snow removal and throwing it on dumps, snow shovel. It also uses a wide shovel - a scraper for clearing snow from a large area. They help a person to collect snow in a shovel bucket (scraper), but unloading (dumping) snow from them represents hard physical work and a large load on the spine and muscles of a person.

To facilitate the work, a spade on the wheel was invented and implemented, which is a regular spade with a large diameter wheel on the handle. Where the axis of the wheel was the axis of the lever, facilitating the lifting and transportation of snow. But this design allowed the lifting of snow only to a not great height equal to the radius of the wheel, and also did not provide for unloading snow from a shovel bucket.

Lever-hinged shovel loader with drop-down stop (Fig. 2) consists of a uniaxial platform on wheels (2-3-4), which has forward and backward tilting, front (point 2) and rear (point 4) stops. The figured lever (2-7-6-8) is pivotally attached to the front stop, which is U-shaped in longitudinal projection and L-shaped in transverse projection. At the point of the lower bend of this lever (point 7), the stop (7-3) falling out under its own weight is pivotally attached (FIG. 5), which is equipped with springs that work along the stop levers, like shock absorbers. Also the drop-down support is provided with a cable thrown over the axis (6) and fixed on the handle (10), in order to raise the drop-down support when folded. At the upper end (Fig. 2) of the figured lever (point 6), the lever for lifting and controlling the device with handles (1-6-9-10) is hinged. The front end of this lever (point 1) serves for the hinged attachment of the shovel-bucket (0-1-5), and the lever handles (9-10) - for the application of the becoming force and weight of the person. The upper protrusions of the figure lever (point 8) are pivotally attached to the thrust (5-8) of tilt-bucket control, which are pivotally attached to the bucket with the second end (point 5).

The principle of operation of the lever-articulated loader shovel with a drop-down emphasis lies in the algorithm of the sequence of actions, moments and points of application of the becoming force of the person working with it:

First we make a set (loading) of snow on the shovel bucket (Fig. 1). To do this, lower the bucket (0-1-5) and move it forward along the surface to be cleaned using the handle (9-11). After a set of snow (cargo) in the bucket (Fig. 2), raise it above the surface to transport snow to the unloading site using the handle (9-10), which forms a lever relative to the axis of the wheel set (point 3) twice as long as the lift lever (1-3), which facilitates the lifting and transportation of snow (cargo). Upon arrival at the place of unloading (Fig. 3), put the device on the backstop (point 4) with a lever (1-10). To lift the snow (cargo) (Fig. 4), we load the rear stop (point 4) with its own weight using the leg. We start the ascent (Fig. 5) with a lever (1-9-10) about the axis (point 2). We continue to climb to install the upper part of the structure on the drop-down emphasis (7-3). After installation on the dropout stop (Fig. 6), we continue to raise the bucket with the same lever (1-9-10), but relative to the axis (point 6), while the springs of the dropout stop will compress. Then (Fig. 7), pushing the lever (1-10) forward, we begin the rise on the corner lever (2-6) about the axis (point 2), removing the upper part of the structure from the drop-down stop, the springs of which at the initial moment will help give impulse for lifting. To unload the snow from the bucket (Fig. 8), move the lever (1-10) further forward and the lever (6-8) with the help of the thrust (8-5) will tilt the bucket to reset the snow. After the completion of the reset, we lower the upper part of the structure onto the drop-down support, the springs of which soften the moment they touch the wheel platform frame. Then we return the system of levers of the device to the normal position. In this case, the drop-down support for folding is tightened with a rope thrown through the axis (2) and fixed on the handle (10).

If you want to use a shovel loader only as a scraper for snow clearing and you do not need to lift it to dumps or load it into a vehicle body, you can use the following snow dumping scheme after filling the bucket:

Put the device (Fig. 9) on the front stop (point 2) with the lever (1-9-11), lifting it. Then (Fig. 10) pushing the lever (1-6-10) forward, bringing the weight of the structure to the front stop (point 2), simultaneously raising the bucket relative to the axis (point 6). In this case, the lever (6-8) with the help of thrust (8-5) will tip the bucket to clear the snow.

The wheel platform and the shovel loader arms are made of a metal profile or pipe of sufficient cross section to ensure rigidity of the structure and to avoid its permanent deformation at maximum loads. Swivels are made with caprolon bushings that reduce friction, do not require lubrication and maintenance. The struts of the drop-down stop are spring-loaded, in the form of shock absorbers, and a cable is attached to its crossbar to lift it when folded. The shovel bucket is best done replaceable for different types of work: - large and lightweight for snow removal,

- small and more rigid for work with the earth, sand and gravel.

The inventor has created an experimental model of a full-size shovel loader. Tested and work. The maximum load on the bucket during the tests was 50 kg. With proper execution of the sequence of actions when using the device, the work of cleaning, transporting and lifting large amounts of snow took less time and effort than if this volume was removed and thrown onto the dumps manually with the help of a snow shovel.

The author believes that this device will facilitate and accelerate the work of janitors in public utilities, owners of private yards and plots, and will also be used for construction and cleaning works of small volumes by small companies and individuals.

Claims (1)

The shovel loader lever-hinged with drop-down emphasis consists of a single-axle platform on wheels, with front and rear stops when tilting forward and back, where a figure lever is attached to the front stop, which is U-shaped in longitudinal projection, and in transverse L-shaped, at the point of the lower bend of this lever, the stop falling out under its own weight is pivotally attached, which is equipped with springs working along the stop levers like shock absorbers and a cable thrown through the front stop axis at the upper end of the figured lever the lever for lifting and controlling the device with handles is also pivotally attached, where the front end of the lever serves for the hinge attachment of the shovel-bucket and the arms of the lever for applying the strength and weight of the person, also To the upper protrusions of the figure lever, the thrusts of the inclination of the shovel bucket are pivotally attached, which by the second end are pivotally attached directly to the bucket.

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