RU2539960C1 - One-wheeled snow removal device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: device represents shield-transformer which moves frontally and is controlled by telescopic lever-type handle. Axle with one wheel and two rollers provided on shield-transformer serve as support point for handle. The wheel together with support-moving mechanism rotates around vertical axis and is placed at required angle. The shield-transformer changes its operating from using braces by rotation around axis. The shield-transformer is provided with automotive dumping by load weight. Load dumping is executed by pressing out the latch by means of cable when operator presses on clutch couplings. Emptied shield-transformer is returned to initial position by return spring.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and mobility during snow removal from road surfaces and pavements.

4 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention is intended for small-scale mechanization of manual labor for snow removal from pavements, sidewalks, as well as planning and other works.

Known snow removal device [1], containing blades mounted on the axles between the bearing wheel and the support ring. The axes are located above the center of gravity with the possibility of rotation of the blades by the force of their gravity and the mass of a portion of snow. The working angle of the blades is set during loading and unloading automatically from exposure to a mass of snow and limiters. The receiving tray has an inner surface of cylindrical shape with runners and at the other end with the possibility of resetting to the working position, the unloading tray is made with the possibility of readjusting to another unloading position, and the handle is in the position opposite to the direction of the working movement of the snow thrower. The disadvantage of the analogue can be attributed to the complexity of the design and the interaction of the parts with each other, the use of efforts by the operator to compact snow during unloading.

The closest technical solution is a snow removal device [2], containing a working body consisting of a blade and two vertically located knives, and a runner held by the snow removal device in a horizontal position. The blade contains positive slopes, providing selection of the mass of snow and raising it to the level of unloading. The blade plate is installed in its middle part, on a vertical axis, with the ability to install and reinstall the blade plate in working position at an angle to the input of the working body and its sides. The device consists of two working bodies made in the form of blades located in a working position one above the other, interconnected by racks with knives and a blade wall, located at an angle to the entrance of the working body and to the exit of the snow removal device. The handle is set into position by turning around the hinge.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the complexity of the design and the interaction of the parts among themselves, which affect the difficulties in maintenance. In this regard, the possibility of widespread use of the device for cleaning snow from pavements and sidewalks is limited.

The purpose of the invention is to increase maneuverability when cleaning snow from pavements and sidewalks, planning and other works.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the one-wheel snow removal device has a transformer shield, changing its shape by rotation around the axis, and is intended for snow removal from roads and streets (Figs. 1, 2). The process of moving snow from roads and streets is carried out as a result of frontal movement of the device by the operator. The transformer shield is connected to the handle, which is inserted into the nozzle 5. The handle 4 passes through the nozzle, which is mounted on a supporting-mobile mechanism with one wheel. The supporting-mobile mechanism consists of an axis, one wheel and a telescopic bracket. The transformer shield is equipped with a return spring and has a swivel connection with the handle (figure 1, 2).

The transformer shield can change the geometric shape in plan depending on the task. So, the transformer shield can frontally move the snow and is installed at an angle to the direction of movement, so that the snow is sent to the side (figure 4). The transformer shield is removable and its width is 0.5 ÷ 1.5 m, and depends on the front and the type of work performed.

The supporting-mobile mechanism consists of an axis, one wheel and a telescopic bracket (Fig. 5). The height from the ground and the mounting location of the sleeve with the handle is regulated by a telescopic bracket. The use of one wheel, and not two, significantly increases the maneuverability of the device and makes it more economical.

The position of the handle is fixed by a thrust screw, which is located in the sleeve (Fig.6). The transformer shield has extensions, the length of which varies. Stretch marks allow you to change the shape of the transformer shield, turning it into a regular shovel and rigidly fixing its position. By turning the bottom of the transformer shield in the opposite direction, you can turn it into a planner and carry out planning work on the surface of the earth.

There is a clutch on the handle, which, with the help of a cable, depresses the latch and allows you to automatically unload the load. Unloading of cargo is carried out under the action of its own weight. The return spring brings the empty transformer shield to its original position and is selected with appropriate rigidity. Beneath the transformer shield are rollers.

The handle can be lengthened by moving the handle and fixed with a screw passing through the hole of the handle (Fig.6).

The applied force on the handle (Fig. 8) is significantly reduced and depends on the ratio of the length of the shoulders:

,

,

where F ₁ - the force applied by the operator to the handle; F ₂ - lifting force; l ₁ is the shoulder of the force exerted by the operator on the handle; l ₂ - shoulder lifting force.

Figure 1 shows a unicycle snow removal device, a General view; figure 2 is the same, a top view; figure 3 shows a unicycle snow removal device at the time of emptying the cargo, General view; figure 4 is a one-wheel snow removal device with a transformer shield deployed in plan and a wheel turned at an angle, a top view; figure 5 - supporting and mobile mechanism; figure 6 shows the telescopic handle; Fig.7 is a sectional view of the attachment point of the handle and sleeve; in Fig.8 shows the calculated scheme of operation of a unicycle snow removal device.

The one-wheel snow removal device has a transformer shield 1, changing its shape by rotation around axis 2, and is intended for removing snow 3 from roads and streets. The process of moving snow 3 from roads and streets is carried out as a result of frontal movement of the device by the operator. The transformer shield 1 is connected to the handle 4, which is inserted into the pipe 5. The handle 4 passes through the pipe 5, which is mounted on a supporting-mobile mechanism. The supporting and movable mechanism consists of an axis 6, a wheel 7 and a telescopic bracket 8. The transformer shield 1 is equipped with a return spring 9 and has an articulation 10 with the handle 4.

The handle 4 can be extended by moving the handle 11 and fixed with a screw 12 passing through the hole 13 of the handle 4.

The position of the handle 4 is fixed by the stop screw 14. The transformer shield 1 has extensions 15. On the handle 11 there is a clutch 16, which, using the cable 17, pushes the latch 18. The rollers 19 are provided at the bottom of the transformer shield 1.

One-wheel snow removal device operates as follows. One-wheel snow removal device has a transformer shield 1, changing its shape by rotation around axis 2, and is intended for snow removal 3 from roads and streets (Figs. 1, 2). The process of moving snow 3 from roads and streets is carried out as a result of frontal movement of the device by the operator. The transformer shield 1 is connected to the handle 4, which is inserted into the pipe 5. The handle 4 passes through the pipe 5, which is mounted on a supporting-movable mechanism (figure 5). The supporting and movable mechanism consists of an axis 6, a wheel 7 and a telescopic bracket 8. The transformer shield 1 is equipped with a return spring 9 and has an articulation 10 with the handle 4 (Figs. 1, 2).

Transformer shield 1 can change the geometric shape in plan depending on the task. So, the transformer shield 1 can frontally move the snow and is installed at an angle to the direction of movement, so that the snow goes to the side (figure 4).

The supporting-mobile mechanism consists of an axis 6, a wheel 7 and a telescopic bracket 8 (Fig. 5). The height from the ground and the installation location of the sleeve 5 with the handle 4 is regulated by a telescopic bracket 8. The wheel 7 together with the supporting-movable mechanism rotates around a vertical axis and is installed at the desired angle.

The position of the handle 4 is fixed with a stop screw 14 (Fig.7). At the transformer shield 1, extensions 15 are provided. The extensions 15 allow you to change the shape of the transformer shield 1, turning it into a shovel, rigidly fixing its position. On the handle 11 there is a clutch 16, which with the help of a cable 17 pushes the latch 18 and allows you to automatically unload the load. The return spring 9 brings the shield-transformer 1 to its original position. Below the shield-transformer 1 provides rollers 19.

The handle 4 can be lengthened by moving the handle 11 and fixed with a screw 12 passing through the hole 13 of the handle 4 (Fig.6).

The use of one wheel, and not two, significantly increases the maneuverability of the device and makes it more economical.

The present invention allows you to effectively remove snow on the streets and roads, more efficient than analogues, and is more economical. Labor productivity when cleaning snow with this device is 3–4 times higher than when cleaning with peers. It does not create noise, as it is a simple mechanical device.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2341613 IPC E01H 5/04, Snow removal device / Arzamastsev A.G .; Application 04.03.2007 (Analog).

2. RF patent No. 2403338 IPC E01H 5/02, Snow removal device / Arzamastsev A.G .; Application 02/06/2009. (Prototype).

Claims (4)

1. One-wheel snow removal device containing a working body, a handle, characterized in that the working body is a transformer shield, which moves frontally and is controlled by a telescopic lever handle, the fulcrum of which is an axis with one wheel and two rollers provided for the shield transformer, the wheel, together with the supporting-movable mechanism, rotates around a vertical axis and is installed at the desired angle, the transformer shield can change its working form with stretch marks by rotation around the axis and equipped with an auto-mechanical dump from the weight of the load by squeezing the latch with a cable when pressing the clutch by the operator and returning the empty transformer shield to its original position with a return spring. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transformer shield is removable, and its width is 0.5 ÷ 1.5 m and depends on the front and the type of work performed. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transformer shield can change its installation angle in plan. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the height from the ground and the installation location of the sleeve with the handle is adjustable.

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