RU2683212C1 - Firearm barrel (options) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the firearm barrels. First embodiment is a barrel with the bullet entrance and the muzzle face, the guide part is made in the form of a helical surface, in the cross section representing a figure formed by two or more equal arcs with a common center alternating with chords of the same length. Helical surface is made of two truncated conical sections with different obliquity, the smaller of which is located on the muzzle face side and has a length of about 1/10 of the barrel length. Second embodiment of the guide surface execution in cross section is similar to the first one, but the channel conical narrowing passes into the section with the constant diameter in the area of about 1/5 of the barrel length from the muzzle face.

EFFECT: increase in the firing accuracy.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to the trunks of small arms and can be used in weapons for sport and hunting.

Trunks of sporting rifles are known (see Sporting Rifles Izhevsk Arms Volume 2, Deryushev I.E. et al., Udmurt University Publishing House, 2002, pp. 34-35) having a bore with a chamber and a guiding part , the guide part is made with helical rifling, giving the pool a rotational movement. The number of screw rifling is usually even - four or more.

The disadvantages of the barrel of this design are:

- reducing the accuracy of fire of weapons due to the presence of large radii at the edges of the rifling, since it is difficult to obtain sharp edges on the edges of the rifling in the manufacture of trunks;

- the high complexity of the manufacture of trunks due to the need to use sophisticated technological equipment and tools;

- inconvenience of service due to the presence of hard-to-reach slit-like grooves-grooves, which contributes to the intensive deposition of combustion products of the powder charge and capsule composition (carbon deposits), as well as metal particles of the bullet that remain on the channel surface due to mechanical friction when the bullet passes through the clogged channel , which leads to the appearance of defects on the surface of the bullet and, as a consequence of this, to a deterioration in the accuracy of fire.

A small arms barrel is known (see GB patent No. 1409331 of March 30, 1973, F41A 21/00, F41F 17/10, B23D 5/02) having screw cuts on the inner surface, the cutting profile is made with two or more equal arcs having the common center and an even number of chords, arcs and chords are arranged alternately. The arcs form equal angles in the center of the trunk, and the chords have the same length.

The disadvantages of the barrel of this design are:

- low accuracy of firing, since the bore in the cross section has a constant size over the entire length, with a tolerance for deviation from this size, and in the manufacture may have a taper with a large base to the muzzle within this tolerance, which significantly impairs the accuracy of firing of weapons;

- low performance, since during long-term operation of the weapon, especially in winter conditions, deposits of the products of combustion of the powder charge and capsule composition accumulate in the barrel channel, which, when the bullet moves along the channel, are pressed into the channel surface, while the surface of the bullet in contact with the contaminated surface of the channel is partially peeled off and by the time of departure from the bore, its cross-sectional size may be less than the size of the cross-section of the bore, which leads to gas breakthrough and shot and, as a consequence, to a deterioration in the accuracy of fire.

The technical task of the group of inventions is to increase the accuracy of fire and increase operational characteristics, namely, simplicity and ease of maintenance during operation.

The technical result consists in eliminating a gas breakthrough, because the bullet is constantly re-crimped when moving along the barrel, and in each section of the barrel the dimensions of the cross section of its leading part are equal to the dimensions of the barrel, which helps to obtain high accuracy of firing, as well as in the absence of sharp edges and slit-like grooves in the barrel channel, which greatly simplifies the process of cleaning weapons and increases the service life, since barrel wear is reduced significantly.

The task in the first embodiment is achieved in that the small arms barrel has a barrel channel with a chamber and a guiding part limited by a pool entrance and a muzzle section, the guiding part is made in the form of a helical surface, in cross section representing a figure formed by two or more equal arcs with a common center, alternating with chords of the same length. The guide part in a longitudinal section is made in the form of a truncated conical section with a gradual narrowing to the muzzle.

In the second solution, the task is achieved in that the small arms barrel has a bore with a chamber and a guiding part limited by a bullet inlet and a muzzle, the guiding part is made in the form of a helical surface, in cross section representing a figure formed by two or more equal arcs with a common center, alternating with chords of the same length. The guide part is made in the form of a truncated conical section with a gradual narrowing to the muzzle section, and an additional conical section at a length of approximately equal to 1/10 of the total barrel length, while the conical sections are made with different tapers.

In the third solution, the task is achieved in that the small arms barrel has a barrel channel with a chamber and a guiding part limited by a pool entrance and a muzzle section, the barrel channel is made in the form of a helical surface, in cross section representing a figure formed by two or more equal arcs with a common center, alternating with chords of the same length. The guide part is made in the form of a truncated conical section with a gradual narrowing to the muzzle, and an additional section with constant cross-sectional dimensions, approximately equal to 1/5 of the total barrel length.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 is a cross section of a trunk having four arcs and four chords;

in FIG. 2 - a longitudinal section of the trunk with a conical section along the length L;

in FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section through a trunk with a conical section and an additional conical section along the length L ₁ ;

in FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section through the trunk with a conical section and an additional section with constant dimensions along the length L ₂ ;

in FIG. 5 - table "The results of accuracy tests of the firing of an experimental barrel with two arcs and two chords of Olymp-BI cartridges at a distance of 50 m."

The small arms barrel contains a barrel bore 1 with a chamber 2 and a guiding part 3, which is limited by a bullet inlet 4 and a muzzle cut 5. The guiding part 3 is made in the form of a helical surface, which in cross section is a figure formed by two or more equal arcs 6 having common center, which alternate with chords 7 of the same length.

According to the first embodiment, the guide part 3 is made in the form of a truncated conical section 8 (Fig. 2) with a gradual narrowing to the muzzle section 5. In fact, the difference in cross-sectional dimensions at the bullet inlet and the dimensions at the muzzle section is within the tolerance for dimensions corresponding to the caliber of the cartridge used.

In the second embodiment, the guide part 3 is made in the form of two truncated conical sections, the main conical section 8 (Fig. 3) with a gradual narrowing to the muzzle section 5, and an additional conical section 9 of the length L ₁ with a gradual narrowing to the muzzle section 5. The length of the additional conical plot L ₁ approximately equal to 1/10 of the total length of the trunk. Cone sections have different tapers. In fact, the difference in cross-sectional dimensions at the bullet inlet and the dimensions at the muzzle end is within tolerance on the dimensions corresponding to the caliber of the cartridge used.

In the third embodiment, the guide part 3 is made in the form of two sections - a truncated conical section 8 (Fig. 4) with a gradual narrowing to the muzzle section 5, and an additional section 10 along the length L ₂ with constant cross-sectional dimensions. The length of the additional section L _{2 is} approximately equal to 1/5 of the total length of the trunk. In fact, the difference in cross-sectional dimensions at the bullet inlet and the dimensions at the muzzle end is within tolerance on the dimensions corresponding to the caliber of the cartridge used.

A positive effect when using trunks of this design is achieved due to the fact that the bullet is constantly re-crimped when moving along the channel, and in each section of the barrel the dimensions of the cross section of its leading part are equal to the dimensions of the barrel channel, which eliminates the possibility of gas breakthrough and contributes to obtaining high firing accuracy results.

The implementation of the cross section of the barrel channel of this configuration eliminates the presence of sharp edges and slit-like grooves in the barrel channel, which greatly simplifies the process of cleaning weapons and increases the service life, barrel wear is significantly reduced.

The test results of experimental trunks of this design with a different combination of arcs and chords and various designs of the guide part of the bore fully confirmed the hypothetical theoretical premises for the possibility of their use in sports and hunting weapons. The test results are shown in the table (Fig. 5).

The examples in the table confirm the increase in the accuracy of fire of small arms trunks having a guiding part in the form of conical sections. And also demonstrate the achievement of the task in the proposed versions of the trunks, but do not limit the possible options for the manufacture of small arms trunks.

The proposed design options for the barrel of small arms can improve the accuracy of fire and operational characteristics, namely, simplicity and ease of maintenance during operation.

Claims (2)

1. A small arms barrel having a bore with a chamber and a guide part bounded by a pool entrance and a muzzle cut, the guide part is made in the form of a helical surface, in cross section representing a figure formed by two or more equal arcs with a common center, alternating with chords of the same length, characterized in that the guide part is made in the form of a truncated conical section with a gradual narrowing to the muzzle and an additional conical section with a gradual narrowing to the muzzle a slice at a length of approximately equal to 1/10 of the total length of the barrel, while the conical sections are made with different tapers. 2. A small arms barrel having a bore with a chamber and a guide portion bounded by a pool entrance and a muzzle, the bore is made in the form of a helical surface, in cross section representing a figure formed by two or more equal arcs with a common center, alternating with chords the same length, characterized in that the guide part is made in the form of a truncated conical section with a gradual narrowing to the muzzle section, and an additional section with constant cross-sectional dimensions of length Approximately equal to 1/5 of the total length of the barrel.

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