RU2681133C2 - Sanitizing plaster dry mortar for brickwork - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of building materials, namely to dry building mixtures. Sanitizing plaster dry mortar comprises, wt. %: cement 24.6–25.4; quartz sand 68.4–73.6; mineral air entraining additive 0.1–0.4; 0.14–2.5 mm fraction scrap brick, dried to constant weight at a temperature of 100–115 °C, 0.1–2.4; black shales 1.3-3.7. Mineral air entraining additive as a base contains crude sulphate soap and fly ash, and also contains sodium glass with a silicate module 2.6–3.2.EFFECT: technical result is preventing the formation of efflorescence on the surface of the brickwork.1 cl, 2 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of building materials, namely to dry building mixes.

A known composition of highly adhesive mortar for masonry work, including (wt. Parts): cement based on Portland cement clinker and brick fight in a ratio of 40:60 (1); sand (3); Muraplast additive (0.005) (Kuprina A.A. Effective masonry mortars with increased adhesion to the base // Vestnik TsRO RAASN: collection of scientific articles / RAASN, BSTU named after VG Shukhov, issue 13. Belgorod, 2014. S. 35-40). The disadvantage of this composition in relation to the invention is that it does not provide a sanitizing effect.

A dry mortar-resistant dry mortar mixture for adhesive mortar known from RF patent 2403218 is considered to be a prototype. It contains, by weight. %: Portland cement 28.0-36.0, quartz sand with grains 0.1-1.25 mm 45.0-70.0, lime flour with grains 0.1-0.5 mm 5.0-10.0 , quartz flour with grains up to 0.3 mm 1.0-7.0, modified cellulose ether 0.2-0.6, redispersible powder 2.0-5.0, hydrophobic reagent - a mixture of sodium oleic acid and calcium stearic acid 0 , 05-0.5, fly ash 2.5-7.0, modified starch ether 0.02-0.06, cellulose fibers 0.4-1.0, hydrophobizing reagent in the form of silicon powder in mini wax capsules 0.21-0.5, cement setting retarder 0.05-0.1, nanometer-sized layered silicate zmera 0.05-0.8. The disadvantage of the prototype in relation to the invention is the complexity of the composition.

The technical task of the application of the invention is the prevention of efflorescence on the surface of the brickwork.

The technical result is achieved by plastering the proposed construction mixture of brickwork. The essence of the method of achieving a technical result: the creation of a damping pore structure of a stucco layer on the surface of the masonry, which allows water vapor to pass through itself, but retains salt ions. In this case, the salts do not crystallize at the “plaster-masonry” contact boundary, causing the peeling of the plaster.

The mixture contains the following components, wt.%: Cement 24.6-25.4; silica sand 68.4-73.6; brick fight 0.1-2.4; black schists 1.3-3.7; granular organo-mineral air-entraining additive 0.1-0.4.

Granular organo-mineral air-entraining additive - microgranules of a complex additive in cement composites obtained by the method known from RF patent No. 2283292. According to him, a method of preparing microgranules of a complex additive in cement composites consists in mixing finely dispersed mineral materials with a solution of a surface-active substance (surfactant) and drying, carried out by destroying low-strength arrays of mineralized foam; moreover, the foam is prepared from aqueous solutions of a foaming surfactant of 10-35% concentration, stabilized with liquid glass in an amount of 15% by weight of a surfactant solution, and a finely dispersed mineral component is introduced into the whipped foam in a mass ratio of a surfactant solution: mineral component - 1 : 0.09-1.2. Mineralized foam is placed in molds and dried at a temperature of 20-110 ° C. After drying, the foam material spontaneously as it dries or with little compression (0.01-0.08 kgf / cm ² ) disintegrates into microspheres and is a powder that has a lower specific surface than the original finely dispersed material, does not dust.

Example

For the manufacture of dry building mixtures used the following materials:

- Portland cement M400D0 manufactured by CJSC Angarskcement;

- Quartz sand from the channel of the Angara river fraction 0.14-2.5 mm, obtained by fractionation. Before use, the sand was dried to constant weight at a temperature of 100-115 ° C. The bulk density of sand is 1.53 g / cm ³ , the true density is 2.67 g / cm ³ , the particle size modulus is 1.61. Sand was injected into the mortar in the ratio to cement 3: 1.

- Black shales - flotation residues of gold-bearing black shale ores of the Sukhoi Log deposit. The sieving results of the averaged sample used in the work of the party black shale rock (ES) on cement sieves are shown in table 1.

Humidity - 0.5%. Hygroscopicity in the environment of water vapor - 35%. Bulk density 1.23 g / cm ³ , true - 2.65 g / cm ³ .

When emergency situations are introduced instead of part of the sand in a 1: 3 cement-sand mortar in an amount of 10% by weight of cement, there will be no efflorescence on the sample when a 5% solution of sodium chloride is sucked. The appearance of the samples tested for vysolobrazovaniya at various costs of emergency and concentrations of saline solution, is presented in figure 1.

The consumption of black shales ranged from 5% to 15% of the mass of cement in increments of 5%, with the replacement of the corresponding volume of sand.

- Fight of brick (K) - crushed brick produced by LLC "Bratsk brick factory" fraction 0.14-2.5 mm. The particle size modulus is 2.57, the average density is 1.88 g / cm ³ , bulk 1.24 g / cm ³ . Before use, it was dried to constant weight at a temperature of 100-115 ° C.

The consumption of black shales ranged from 0% to 10% of the mass of cement in increments of 5%, with the replacement of the corresponding volume of sand.

- Granular organic-mineral air-entraining additive (w / w), prepared on the basis of crude sulfate soap as a surfactant and fly ash with the following ratio of components: 10% CCM / fly ash / liquid sodium glass with a silicate module of 2.6- 3.2 = 1/1 / 0.15.

The introduction of air-entraining additives was carried out in excess of the mass of cement, in an amount of from 0 to 2%, in increments of 1%.

W / C for mixing all formulations 0.39%.

Evaluation of the sanitizing effect was carried out according to the author's methodology (Belykh S.A., Chikichev A.A. Evaluation of the main effect of the sanitizing plaster // Transactions of Fraternal State University. Series: Natural and Engineering Sciences. 2014. T. 1 S. 94-98) . The research results are shown in table 2.

In the course of the study of sanitizing properties of solutions, it was found:

- in comparison with the compositions with the content of the battle of the brick, the water leaks are reluctant to the compositions without them, the applied solution exfoliates when heated;

- the introduction of air-entraining additives makes invisible in the section of salt, which are fixed by weight;

- with the introduction of emergency situations in the amount of 5%, moisture emerges to the surface without difficulty;

- at the maximum expenses of emergency situations and K, moisture migration to the plaster does not occur, and the mobility of the mixture decreases sharply;

- in the presence of brick crumbs and emergency costs of 10, 15%, salt crystals are not observed on the surface, but in the absence of an air-entraining additive, they are observed inside the plaster.

Thus, according to the accepted evaluation criteria, the optimal costs of additives are: emergency - 10%, K - 5%, w / w - 1%. At these costs, the mortar absorbs at least 9% of the salt relative to its mass, does not exfoliate from the base, salt formation does not occur on the surface, salt crystals in the thickness of the solution are not visually fixed.

Claims (1)

Sanitizing dry plastering building mix, including cement, quartz sand, brick bricks and additives, characterized in that, as a complex of substances giving sanitizing properties, it contains an additional granular organo-mineral air-entraining additive based on crude sulfate soap and fly ash, which also contains liquid sodium glass with a silicate module of 2.6-3.2, and additives — a battle of brick fraction 0.14-2.5 mm, dried to constant weight at a temperature of 100-115 ° C, and black shale in the following proportions, wt. %: cement 24.6-25.4; silica sand 68.4-73.6; the specified air-entraining additive is 0.1-0.4; the specified brick battle is 0.1-2.4; black schists 1.3-3.7.

Images