RU2681021C1 - Oil well pump - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of machine building, to the oil well pumps, and can be used in the oil industry. Device contains a cylinder with a suction valve, the receiving filter, made in the form of a perforated shank with the cleaning means. Receiving filter is telescopically connected to the working cylinder and is made with possibility of limited by the stopper axial movement. Filter cleaning means contain two centralizers, made, for example, in the form of rings female to the cylinder and shank, connected by at least three rods with the same angular pitch relative to each other. Upper centralizer is rigidly connected to the cylinder. Shank is installed with possibility of limited axial movement relative to the lower centralizer. Cleaning means is equipped with made in the form of rings scrapers, in which female to the rods three through holes are made, through which the rods are passed. Scrapers are fixedly installed in the rods and, for example, fixed therein by means of clamping screws performing the functions of stoppers. In the shank upper part, at least two closed longitudinal grooves can be made with possibility of the grooves lower and upper walls interaction with the stopper.EFFECT: increase in the operation reliability, the design becomes simpler.4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, to sucker rod pumps, and can be used in the oil industry.

A well-known sucker-rod pump (Catalog "Well sucker-rod pumps for oil production" ZINTIKhimneftemash, M. 1988, p. 22), comprising a working cylinder, inside which a hollow plunger with a discharge valve is connected with a minimum clearance, connected to the column of sucker rods, in the lower part The cylinder has a suction valve, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the filter.

The disadvantages of the known sucker rod pump are the reduction in volumetric flow with clogged filter, as well as the significant complexity of raising and lowering the pump to clean the filter

A well-known sucker-rod pump containing a working cylinder, inside which a plunger with a discharge valve is installed, connected with a string of pump rods, in the lower part of the cylinder is equipped with a suction valve, the inlet of which is connected to the filter cavity, made in the form of a perforated shank, covered by a cleaning device made in in the form of a spiral, device drive (see AS USSR No. 1617199, 1988).

Cleaning the surface of the filter allows you to increase its throughput.

The disadvantages of the known device are the complexity of the design of the cleaning device and its drive.

A well-known sucker-rod pump containing a cylinder with a suction valve, a receiving filter with cleaning agents, including a cylindrical perforated shank connected to the working cylinder, the inner cavity of which is connected to the inlet of the suction valve, external scrapers, covering the shank and interconnected by a rod, installed with the possibility of relative reciprocating movement (see Pat. RF №2020269, 1994), which is taken as a prototype.

The disadvantages of this device are the design complexity and lack of reliability.

The aim of the proposed technical solution is to increase the reliability by simplifying the design.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the borehole sucker rod pump containing a working cylinder with a suction valve, a receiving filter with cleaning agents, including a perforated cylindrical shank connected to the working cylinder, the inner cavity of which is connected to the inlet of the suction valve and external scrapers covering the shank and connected between by rods, according to the technical solution, the shank is telescopically connected to the cylinder with the possibility of axial movement limited by the stop, in the scrapers at least three through axial holes with the same angular pitch relative to each other are inserted, the rods are made in the form of rods in response to the holes in the scrapers, fixedly connected to two centralizers, reciprocally made respectively to the cylinder and the shank, while the centralizer of the cylinder is rigidly connected to the latter, and the shank is made with the possibility of limited axial movement relative to another centralizer.

At least two closed longitudinal grooves are made in the upper part of the shank with the possibility of interaction between the upper and lower surface of the grooves with emphasis.

2

The distance between the scrapers is not more than the maximum stroke of the shank.

The scrapers are equipped with stops with the ability to change the distance between the scrapers.

The shank at the bottom is equipped with a normally closed non-return valve.

The design of the proposed device is illustrated in the drawing.

In FIG. 1 is a diagram of a well pump with a suction filter;

In FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one;

In FIG. 3 - node B in FIG. one;

In FIG. 4 - version of the filter with bottom valve. The downhole sucker rod pump comprises a cylinder 1 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) with a hollow plunger 2, a discharge valve 3 is installed in the lower part of the plunger 2, and a suction valve 4 is formed in the lower part of the cylinder with the formation of a working cavity 5 of the pump. The pump in the lower part, coaxially to the cylinder 1, is equipped with a cylindrical perforated shank (filter) 6, telescopically connected to the cylinder 1 with the possibility of axial movement limited by the stop 7 of the cylinder 1 and with the formation of a cavity 8 of the filter 6. In the upper part of the shank 6, for example, at least two closed longitudinal through grooves 9 with the possibility of interaction with the lower and upper walls (not shown in FIG.) of grooves 9 with a stop 7. The stop 7 can be made in the form, for example, of a split spring ring mounted in rings th groove 10 of the cylinder 1.

The filter cleaning agent contains two centralizers 11 and 12, made, for example, in the form of rings in response to the cylinder 1 and the shank 6, connected by at least three rods 13, made in the form of rods, and mounted coaxially to the cylinder 1 with the same angular pitch relative to each other . In this case, the centralizer 11 is rigidly connected

 with the cylinder 1, and the shank 6 is installed with the possibility of limited axial movement relative to the centralizer 12.

The cleaning tool is equipped with scrapers 14 (Fig. 2), made in the form of rings, in which are made, in response to the rods 13, three through holes (not shown in Fig.) Through which the rods 13 are passed. The scrapers 14 are fixedly installed in the rods 13, and , for example, fixed in them by means of clamping screws 15 (Fig. 3), performing the functions of stops.

A pump with a filter 6 is lowered into the production casing 16 of the well. The plunger 2 is connected to the actuator (not shown in FIG.) By a rod string 17.

The filter 6 in the lower part can be equipped with a central normally closed non-return valve 18 (Fig. 4), made, for example, with a conical side surface.

The device operates as follows.

Let the plunger 2 is in its lowest position (Fig. 1). The discharge valve 3 is slightly ajar, and the suction valve 4 is closed. The shank 6 under the influence of its own weight is in the lowest position. This is achieved by the fact that the weight of the shank 6 is greater than the total friction forces of the scrapers 14 along the surface of the shank 6.

Scrapers 14 interact with the lateral surface of the shank 6.

When the plunger 2 moves upward, the pressure in the working cavity 5 decreases. Valve 3 closes. Under the action of a differential pressure, the valve 4 opens, and the liquid, for example, from the reservoir (not shown in Fig.) Through the cavity 8 of the filter 6 flows into the working cavity 5.

When the cells (not shown in Fig.) Of the perforated shank (filter) 6 are not clogged, its throughput is high. Therefore, the pressure drop across the filter 6 is negligible.

Over time, the cells of the filter 6 become clogged with mechanical impurities and viscous oil. When the plunger 2 moves upwards, during the suction cycle, the pressure drop through the cells of the shank 6 increases. The pressure in the cavity 8 of the filter 6 is reduced. Under the action of the pressure drop between the pressure of the reservoir and the cavity 8, the movable shank 6 begins to move up. Scrapers 14, sliding on the surface of the shank 6, clean it of mechanical impurities and viscous oil. The scrapers 14 fixedly mounted on the rods 13 remain stationary.

During the injection process, when the plunger 2 moves down, the pressure in the cavity 8 becomes equal to the reservoir pressure. The movable shank 6 under the action of its weight falls down. While the scrapers 14 further clean the surface of the shank 6.

Thus, the proposed technical solution allows you to automatically turn on the scrapers 14 when the filter 6 is clogged.

To achieve effective cleaning of the surface of the shank 6, the distance between the scrapers 14 is selected depending on the concentration of mechanical particles and the viscosity of the produced medium.

The distance between the scrapers 14 can be adjusted by loosening the clamping screw 15 (Fig. 3), for example, when changing the number of scrapers 14.

During the operation of the pump inside the filter 6, and more precisely in the bottom of the shank 6, mechanical impurities can accumulate. If a normally closed non-return valve 18 is installed on the bottom of the shank 6 (Fig. 4), with significant accumulation of solid particles, the valve 18 automatically opens and mechanical impurities are lowered to the bottom of the well, emptying the cavity 8 of the filter 6.

Claims (4)

1. A well sucker rod pump comprising a working cylinder with a suction valve, a receiving filter with cleaning agents, including a cylindrical perforated shank connected to the working cylinder, the inner cavity of which is in communication with the inlet of the suction valve, and external scrapers covering the shank and interconnected by rods, characterized the fact that the shank is telescopically connected to the cylinder with the possibility of axial movement limited by the stop, at least three through axes are made in the scrapers in the form of rings holes with the same angular pitch relative to each other, the rods are made in the form of rods in response to the holes in the scrapers connected motionlessly with two centralizers, reciprocally made respectively to the cylinder and the shank, while the centralizer of the cylinder is rigidly connected to the latter, and the shank is made with the possibility of relative axial movement relative to another centralizer. 2. The pump according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two closed longitudinal grooves are made in the upper part of the shank with the possibility of interaction of the upper and lower surfaces of the grooves with a stop. 3. The pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the scrapers are equipped with adjustable stops with the possibility of changing the distance between the scrapers. 4. The pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shank in the lower part is equipped with a normally closed non-return valve.

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