RU2680103C2 - Magnetic system of scanner-inspection device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of non-destructive testing in the implementation of magnetic and ultrasonic non-contact inspection methods for detecting defects and determining the geometrical dimensions of products at significant scanning speeds. Essence: magnetic system of the scanner-inspection device is made in the form of an electromagnet with a core and a coil wound on it. Wheels on which the electromagnet moves, serve as its poles. Magnetic system is the carrier of the measuring sensors. Core of the electromagnet is made in the form of tightened identical figured semi-frames of magnetic material with the formation of a fork at the ends where the wheels are mounted. On the cross-wheel part of the clamped half-frames there is an electromagnet coil.EFFECT: technical result: increased reliability and authenticity of products control at different scanning speeds.1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of non-destructive testing in the implementation of magnetic (method of scattering of magnetic flux, eddy current, etc.) and ultrasonic non-contact (dry) flaw detection methods for detecting defects and determining the geometric dimensions of products at significant scanning speeds.

Many means of defectoscopy of critical industrial products are based on obtaining information from a controlled object by magnetizing the product and fixing signals of a certain nature using measuring sensors. First of all, these are magnetic control methods (magnetic flux scattering, magnetic particle, eddy current) and acoustic methods with electromagnetic-acoustic (EMA) excitation / reception of ultrasonic (US) vibrations in a non-contact (dry) way [1].

The most common and widely used non-destructive testing method is the Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) magnetic flux scattering (displacement) method, which allows detecting not only corrosion damage, but cracks and local defects to a depth of 20 mm. At the same time, the wall of the controlled product should be magnetized with a powerful permanent patch U-shaped magnet almost to saturation. If there is a defect or corrosion, the picture of the magnetic field near the surface to be scanned will undergo changes (there will be an increase in the magnetic resistance of the circuit section in this zone) and part of the power lines will be forced out, which will be detected by a measuring sensor (Hall transducers, inductors, etc.) [2] .

In the general case, the measuring part of the flaw detector MFL contains support wheels with a frame on which a U-shaped magnet is mounted (rare-earth magnets and a sensitive element — a measuring sensor (or a line of sensitive elements) [2].

When implementing the eddy current method, the placement of the measuring sensor in an alternating magnetic field makes it possible to detect defects from the inner and outer surfaces of sheets and pipes (as in MFL). However, the depth of detected defects using the eddy current method does not exceed 2.7-3.0 mm.

Of all the known methods for the implementation of non-contact ultrasonic (ultrasound) control of metals (laser excitation and reception of ultrasonic vibrations, control using normal waves over considerable distances, etc.), the most promising and feasible is the use of contactless electromagnetic-acoustic (EMA) transducers, which have a number of significant advantages over the traditional contact method using piezoelectric transducers [1].

Two main structural elements of the EMA converter can be distinguished: a magnetic system consisting of a magnet (a set of magnets or an electromagnet) and a magnetic circuit forming a magnetization field; an inductor (measuring sensor), as a rule, representing an elliptical (or any other configuration) flat inductor (or several coils) [3].

In the gap between the pole (or hub) of the magnet and the controlled product, an inductor coil of the EMA converter is placed, which is a flat coil in the shape of a meander, a “butterfly” or another shape. The pulse current of ultrasonic frequency, flowing in a flat coil of the inductor, causes oscillations of the surface layer of the controlled product. Ultrasonic vibrations, propagating through the product, record the desired defects with the echo and / or mirror-shadow methods of ultrasonic inspection. The efficiency of the EMA conversion directly depends on the magnitude of the magnetizing field created by the magnetizing system of the EMA converter. It is known from [4] that the efficiency of EMA converters in the combined mode (radiation – reception) is proportional to the square of the magnetization field B. In this case, it is sufficient to magnetize only the skin layer of a ferromagnet due to the high-frequency electromagnetic field created by the primary EMA converters — inductor coils. It is in the skin layer of a ferromagnet that the mutual conversion of high-frequency electromagnetic and acoustic vibrations occurs. In other words, the efficiency of the EMA conversion depends on the magnetizing system and the magnetic field created by it in the skin layer of the controlled material.

To create large fields with EMA control, magnetizing systems are used, which are massive assemblies of permanent magnets. It was found that the magnetizing field strongly depends on the gap between the magnetizing system and the surface of the controlled ferromagnet [5]. To scan the product, the magnetization system is mounted on a trolley. In this case, the magnet poles should not touch surface irregularities (for example, weld reinforcement rollers) of the controlled product. Moreover, in order to ensure operational safety, the higher the scanning speed, the greater the gap should be between the magnet and the surface of the product.

Thus, both with the implementation of a scanning magnetic flaw detector and with non-contact ultrasonic testing, it is necessary to ensure the movement of the magnetizing system on the surface of the controlled product with a minimum gap between them. For this, special carriages and carts on supporting wheels are used. As a rule, the mounting system of measuring sensors (Hall sensors or inductors with the magnetic method and flat induction coils with the EMA control method) is installed on the same carts.

The well-known "Magnetic flaw detector scanner" SKM-1, designed to detect stress-corrosion damage to the walls of pipes of main and shelf gas and oil pipelines, reservoirs and determine the parameters of cracks and corrosion cavities [6]. The known device consists of a three-wheeled trolley carrying a magnetic search system, consisting of a permanent magnet and measuring magnetic field sensors located between the pole tips of the magnetizing device. The cart also houses electronic equipment and a power source. The scanner moves manually on the examined surface.

A device for external non-destructive testing of the walls of pipes [7], comprising a trolley with a supporting frame, a wheeled suspension, a running gear, an autonomous energy source, an odometer, sensors of non-destructive testing, and electronic equipment. Measuring sensors of the device are made in the form of eddy current transducers.

Known EMA transducer [8], which, in order to increase the durability and reliability of the control, is equipped with a tread made in the form of an elastic tape and rubberized rollers, and magnetization is carried out using a solenoid placed on the other side of the controlled sheet material installed with the possibility of rotation about the axis, perpendicular to the surface of the tape. The disadvantage of this EMAT is the significant design complexity, the presence of contact with the control object, the need for two-way access to the product to accommodate a magnetizing solenoid.

Known EMA converter [9], in which the magnetizing circuit of the magnetizing device is made in the form of a hollow cylinder of magnetic material and providing, in combination with the "air cushion", a stable position of the coils parallel to the surface of the control object. The design includes through channels connected to the internal channel of the magnetic circuit, which has openings for supplying compressed air at the opposite end. The implementation of the magnetizing device in this form allows you to create an air cushion under the measuring sensor, which partially protects the system from damage if there are irregularities on the surface of the product. A disadvantage of the known device is the design complexity, the need for compressed air and low control sensitivity.

Known scanning flaw detector [10], which includes mounted on the chassis frame measuring sensor of non-destructive testing, with a magnetizing system and emitting and receiving primary EMA converters. The magnetizing system is made in the form of a parallelepiped-shaped core made of magnetically soft steel, on each non-working surface of which a high-energy magnet is installed so that the poles of the same name are directed inside the core, and emitting and receiving primary electromagnetic-acoustic converters are fixed on the working surface. The chassis frame is mounted on two motor wheels. Scanning flaw detector allows to detect with greater sensitivity defects of metal loss and cracking in the body of the test object, for example, in the body of the gas and oil pipe with an increase in the range of measured wall thicknesses of the test object. In addition, the scanning process using this flaw detector is carried out at high speed. A disadvantage of the known device is the low reliability of the structure in the presence of irregularities on the surface of the controlled product and low sensitivity of control.

The use of a permanent magnet (or electromagnet) with a complex mechanical suspension limits its application. In addition, as shown above, the magnitude of the gap between the magnet and the surface of the magnetized product has a strong influence on the measurement results.

Known EMA converter of products and samples of electrically conductive material according to the patent [11] of the German company “Institute dr. Förster GMBH KO”, containing a magnetization unit of the controlled product and a probe (inductor) assembly with inductors located in the magnetic field with the possibility of movement relative to the magnetizing node. An advantage of the known device is the implementation of the magnetization unit and the inductor unit (probe unit) with a certain degree of freedom among themselves. Having an insignificant mass and being constantly located in the magnetic field of the magnetization unit, due to the absence of a rigid connection with the magnetizing unit, when passing surface irregularities, it can easily follow the surface topography without causing excessive inertial forces that could lead to wear or even destruction of the converter . In this case, the strong magnetic attraction between the magnetizing assembly and the controlled ferromagnetic product does not affect (or affects very little) the force that presses the inductor assembly to the surface of the product. Due to this, as claimed by the authors of a well-known patent, the control of the ferromagnetic material can be carried out with high sensitivity and low wear load while maintaining a sliding contact between the inductor assembly and the surface of the controlled product.

A disadvantage of the known device is the use as a magnetization unit of a system consisting of permanent magnets (or an electromagnet) located above the inductor at a certain (up to 8 mm) distance. The need to comply with this distance leads to the use of a complex design of mutual fastening of nodes and special protective measures to maintain this gap. In case of violation of the conditions for maintaining the gap between the magnetization unit and the inductors unit, all the disadvantages of the analogues are fully manifested - there is rapid wear and the possibility of damage to the inductor coils of the EMA converter. All this limits the functionality of the known device and makes it impossible to use the known device at significant scanning speeds.

All the magnetization systems considered above for EMA transducers [8–11] and magnetic flaw detectors [6, 7] require maintaining a constant gap between the working plane of the magnetizing system and the surface of the controlled product. The possibility of foreign metal objects falling into the specified gap and damaging the system makes it possible to conduct flaw detection work. In the area of welded joints and other surface irregularities of the controlled product, brittle permanent magnets can quickly fail. Due to the need to maintain the technological gap, despite the use of rare-earth magnets, the magnetic field they create is not sufficient for effective flaw detection, especially at significant scanning speeds.

The magnetic scanner-flaw detector system [12] is known (see Figure 4 and the Russian-language source [2] see pages 111-146 and Fig. 2.5.14), consisting of support wheels with a frame on which a U-shaped magnet is mounted ( for example, a permanent magnet or electromagnet) and a sensing element - a measuring sensor (or a line of sensitive elements). Moreover, the magnet poles are placed at a certain distance from the scanned surface, and the measuring sensor is located in the interpolar space. The considered circuit is generalized, and, supplemented by various structural elements, is used in many magnetic flaw detection systems: for the inspection of sheet materials and structures, magnetic systems of in-pipe multichannel flaw detectors, for the control of metal ropes, tank bottoms, etc. The well-known magnetic scanner-flaw detector system, in particular, is used to control pipes, cylindrical tanks of ferrous metals and sheets in manual, mechanized and automated systems of the English company Silverwing [12, 13].

A disadvantage of the known device is the low reliability and reliability of the control, caused by the presence of a gap between the poles of the magnet and the surface of the controlled product (in the source text - 4 mm, in practice, up to 12 mm).

The closest technical solution adopted for the prototype is "Device for electromagnetic detection of defects in the pipe wall" according to patent US 4510447 [14]. The magnetic system of this device [14] is made in the form of an electromagnet with a core and a coil wound on it, the wheels on which the electromagnet moves, serve as its poles, the magnetic system is a carrier of measuring sensors. An electromagnet coil is connected to an alternating current source, in which a fluctuating magnetic field is formed in the pipe wall between the poles of the electromagnet. In the presence of surface defects in the pipe wall, a magnetic field leak (deflection around the defect by magnetic flux) is formed, which is detected by means of detection (measuring coil or several coils) adjacent to the surface of the pipe wall.

The wheels, which are the poles of the electromagnet, in the known device [14] have concave surfaces to correspond to the surface of the pipe wall. In this case, a practically zero gap between the poles of the magnet (wheels) and the surface of the controlled pipe helps to increase the stability of the magnetic flux.

The disadvantages of the device adopted for the prototype are the limited scope and low reliability of the control, because it is intended only to control pipes by injecting an alternating magnetic field into the pipe walls. The formation of an alternating magnetic field by an electromagnet limits the depth of the magnetization, reducing the reliability and reliability of the control. Low control speeds due to the use of a "fluctuating magnetic field" to detect defects reduce the performance of the control and do not allow the use of the known device for monitoring at significant (up to ten m / s) scanning speeds.

The imperfection of the design of the magnetic circuit, in accordance with the description and formula of the prototype consisting of several interconnected parts (2 L-shaped elements, a pair of ferromagnetic wheels attached to the ends of the second levers of L-shaped elements, connecting means with an adjustable length), does not contribute to effective excitation in controlled product of the required level of magnetic induction, which reduces the reliability and reliability of control at various scanning speeds. In addition, when testing products with surfaces other than a cylindrical surface (pipe surface), the concave surfaces of the poles (wheels and their rolling surfaces) do not allow the required level of magnetic field to be injected into the controlled product. The insufficient level of magnetic induction does not allow the use of the known magnetization system to implement a non-contact ultrasonic method based on the EMA conversion. Thus, the device adopted for the prototype has a limited scope, low reliability and reliability of control, and low scanning speed.

The problem solved by the claimed technical solution is to increase the reliability and reliability of non-destructive testing of critical products at various scanning speeds.

To solve this problem, the magnetic system of the scanner-flaw detector is made in the form of an electromagnet with a core and a coil wound on it, the wheels on which the electromagnet moves, serve as its poles, the magnetic system is a carrier of measuring sensors, and the core of the electromagnet is made in the form of strapped identical figured semi-frames from soft magnetic material with the formation of a fork at the ends where the wheels are installed, and an electromagnet coil is located on the cross-axle part of the pulled semi-frames. Moreover, the rolling surfaces of the wheels of the electromagnet are made adapted to the profile of the scanned surface of the product.

Significant differences of the claimed device in comparison with the prototype are the following features:

1. In the claimed solution, the wheels serving as the poles of the electromagnet are installed directly at the ends (in the forks) of the core, which reduces the length of the magnetic circuit to the minimum possible value and helps to obtain the maximum magnetic flux in the controlled product. In the prototype, the length of the magnetic circuit is unreasonably large (according to FIG. 1 of the prototype, it is 7 times (!) Longer than the length of the coil of an electromagnet). It is known [1] that the longer the magnetic circuit, the greater the magnetic loss in the magnetic circuit of the electromagnet itself. In addition, mutually mating, having different sections of the elements of the magnetic circuit further reduce the efficiency of injection of the magnetic flux into the controlled product.

2. As follows from Fig. 1, the formulas and descriptions of the prototype, the design of the electromagnet of the known device is made sliding and consists of tubular elements of different diameters, falling into each other and partially from a solid rod. These elements have different sections and are not consistent (in cross section) with each other. As a result, the cross section of the electromagnet is stepwise, and the excitation of the magnetic field in the wall of the controlled pipe is ineffective. In the claimed invention, the core of the electromagnet is a continuation of the design of the magnetization system with the splitting of the core at the ends in the form of forks. The indicated forks accommodate wheels of the corresponding thickness and cross sections of all elements of the electromagnet (core, wheel axis and wheels / poles) are mutually consistent (the total cross section in any cross section of the magnetization system is comparable (or no less) to the cross section of the core), which contributes to more efficient excitation of magnetic fields in the controlled product.

3. The claimed invention can be used both separate and simultaneous implementation of magnetic and ultrasonic (based on EMA conversion) control methods. This application requires the formation of a powerful magnetic flux with magnetic induction near contact spots of about 2.0 T. The achievement of such parameters in real situations is possible with the formation of a constant magnetic field. The prototype provides for the formation of only a variable (as edited by the author of the US patent “fluctuating magnetic field” - see column 1 of line 45-50 and pp of the formula: 1, 5, 8 and 10 of the prototype) field. Such a solution of the prototype does not allow the implementation of ultrasonic methods based on the EMA conversion and limits the use of the magnetic control method - the depth of the magnetization of the controlled product is minimal and it is practically possible to detect only defects (cracks) developing from the scanned surface of the pipe. This is confirmed by the fact that the prototype is intended to replace the magnetic-powder method, which in its physical essence is suitable only for the detection of surface defects (cracks). And the problem solved by the claimed invention: improving the reliability and reliability of non-destructive testing of critical products at various scanning speeds. As you know, the concept of "non-destructive testing" can cover several methods, in particular magnetic and ultrasonic based on the EMA conversion and is not limited, as in the prototype, to electromagnetic control only.

4. The problem solved by the claimed invention is to control the product at different scanning speeds through the use of a powerful permanent electromagnet and wheels as poles of an electromagnet. In the prototype, the wheels are also used as poles of a variable electromagnet. The fact that in the prototype the electromagnet is supplied with alternating current sharply limits the scanning speed, since with its increase "eddy currents appear in the" fluctuating magnetic field, which impede the introduction of magnetic flux into the depth of the controlled product. In the text of the description of the prototype, the rotation of the wheels during scanning is not mentioned at all, and even the sliding contact “the poles of the wheels of the electromagnet are in sliding contact with the pipe wall surface” (see column 1 of line 45-60 of the prototype) and manual control (and this is only 0.05-0.5 m / s). In the claimed invention, as will be shown below, the control speed can reach up to tens of m / s and is practically limited only by the design capabilities of the system.

5. The claimed invention is intended to control many industrial products, both with flat and other forms of scanning surfaces: T-beams, sheet webs, metal ropes, rims of wheelsets, pipes, rods, etc. Moreover, the profiles of the forming wheels / poles of the inventive magnetization system are specially adapted to the profile of the scanned surface of the controlled product. Unlike the prototype, the generators of the wheels can be in the form of concave, convex, flat or curved planes. In the prototype, only the concave shape of the wheels is declared.

The technical solution adopted for the prototype is intended only for monitoring the walls of pipes (ferromagnetic pipes of an oil field - see column 1 line 15), the thickness of which in most cases rarely exceeds units of mm (1-6 mm). This follows both from the name of the prototype (“Inspection equipment for electromagnetic detection of defects in the pipe wall”), and from the description and paragraphs. 1-10 of the formula of the patent US 4510447. The poles of the electromagnet, or rather their contact surfaces, are specially adapted for pipe inspection (see, for example, column 1 of line 6-65: “Air gaps between the magnetization circuit and the pipe wall are minimized by making wheels so that their contact surfaces are substantially concave to match the surface of the pipe wall. ”)

6. The inventive magnetic system can be used in flaw detectors that implement various non-destructive testing methods: MFL, ultrasonic contactless EMA, eddy current, etc. The prototype provides for the use of the known system only for implementing the magnetic method in an alternating magnetic control field.

The inventive system is illustrated by the following graphic material:

FIG. 1 - Design of the magnetic system of the scanner-flaw detector (side view), where:

1 - controlled product;

2 - magnetizing system;

3 - wheels;

4 - core;

5 - axles of the wheels 3;

6 - coil;

7 - measuring sensor;

8 - plate;

9 - axis of the plate;

10 - spring;

11 - magnetic flux in a controlled product;

12 - defect.

FIG. 2 - Design of the magnetic system of the scanner-flaw detector (top view), where the symbols correspond to the symbols of FIG. one:

4a - left half frame;

4b - the right half frame.

Description of the design of the claimed device.

The simplest design of a magnetic scanner-flaw detector system in the form of a two-wheeled system is shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The magnetizing system 2, installed on the controlled product 1, consists of two wheels 3 connected by a core 4. The core 4 (Fig. 1) consists of two identical figured half-frames 4a and 4b (Fig. 2), when assembling the system pulled together by bolts ( in Fig. not shown). In the formed “plugs” at the ends of the core (Fig. 2), the axles 5 are mounted on the wheels 3. On the interwheel part of the semi-frames pulled together, a coil 6 (induction magnetization coil) is placed, which during operation is connected to a current source (Fig. Not shown ) In this case, the brackets 4a and 4b serve as the core, and the wheels 3 serve as the poles of the electromagnet. As the measuring sensor 7, placed on the plate 8 and attached to the core 4 using the axis 9, the MFL method sensor is shown. A plate 8 of non-magnetic material (for example, stainless steel or polyurethane) during scanning using a spring 10 is pressed against the surface of the controlled product 1.

The magnetic flux 11 (Fig. 1) created by the inventive electromagnet forms a closed loop: half-frames 4a and 4b are pulled together, the core of the electromagnet, axis 5 of the first (in the direction of travel) wheel 3, the first wheel, the contact spot between the wheel 3 and the surface of the product 1, a section of a product 1 between wheels 3 and 3, a second wheel 3, an axis 5 of a second wheel and a half frame connected under a magnetizing coil 6. If there is a defect 12 in the controlled product 1, the deviation of the magnetic flux 11 (Fig. 1) over the defect is recorded by the measuring sensor 7 and transmitted to the electronic unit of the flaw detector (not shown in Fig.).

When implementing the design, all the elements of the magnetic circuit: half frames 4a and 4b, axles 5, wheels 4 must be made of soft magnetic material (ferromagnetic materials with high magnetic permeability, for example, iron, steel, etc.). In order to minimize losses of the magnetic circuit, it is advisable that the total cross section of the “forks” and the cross section of the central part of the tightened half-frames be the same.

As wheels 3 of carriage 2, you can use typical steel wheels, for example, the German company Blickle SVS series [15] (with wheel diameters from 100 to 300 mm and a width of 40 to 90 mm). These wheels already have pressed-in bearings, ensuring the smooth running of the magnetizing system 2. The installation of the electromagnetic coil 6 on the strained part of the half-frames 4a and 46 is carried out by directly winding the turns of wire with the corresponding structural elements or installing the finished coil on the half-frames before assembling them into system 2 and mounting them on 3 of them wheels.

Sensors of magnetic field anomalies 7 in the form of induction, magnetoresistive, flux-gate, Hall sensors (or other) measuring transducers are installed in the interpolar space on the surface of the product 1 between two wheels 3 of the carriage 2.

The movement of the system during the scanning of the controlled product can be animated by any known means: manually; with a hitch to the mobile unit; an electric motor located directly on the magnetization system, etc.

To implement ultrasonic methods using EMA excitation and receiving acoustic vibrations, the claimed magnetic system must provide a sufficient level of magnetic flux 11 penetrating the skin layer of the product 1. At certain wheel sizes 3 and a current in the coil up to 20 A, as shown by experimental studies, the maximum magnetic induction In the vicinity of the spots of contact between the wheels of the system and the product, it can be about 2.0 T, at scanning speeds of up to 10 m / s, which is quite enough to excite ultrasonic waves in the product [3].

The measuring sensor (inductor) 7 of the EMA transducer is usually a flat coil in the form of a meander, "butterfly" or another shape (the configuration of the coil is not included in the subject of the claimed technical solution) and can be placed close enough to the contact spot.

Depending on the sounding schemes of the controlled product 1 implemented during ultrasonic testing, the gap between the wheel rim 3 and the surface of the product 1 may contain one, two or several coils of the measuring sensor 7. What kind of ultrasonic waves (in frequency and orientation) will be created in the material of the product under test depends on the direction of the magnetic field created by the carriage magnetic system, as well as on the layout of the coils of the measuring sensor 7, their distance from the contact spot and the electronic system (not shown in Fig.).

For the formation of ultrasonic waves oriented normally to the scanning surface, it is necessary to ensure the closest possible location of the inductor to the contact spot. It is upon fulfillment of this requirement that the most efficient excitation of shear ultrasound waves in the direction perpendicular to the scanning surface is ensured. In the General case, the placement of the coils of the sensor 7 is possible both in the front (in the direction of travel) and the rear wheel 3 (Fig. 1).

Depending on the actual scanning speed, dimensions and mass of the system, the design of the magnetizing system, wheel sizes, and the options for coupling the axles of the wheels with side elements (half frames) may be different than those described above. The given version of the magnetizing system, as the simplest construction, in the application description text and in FIG. 1 and 2 are given only to demonstrate the essence of the claimed invention and confirm the possibility of its implementation.

The specific implementation of the plate 8, the attachment site (axis 9) and the pressing (spring 10) of the measuring sensor 7 to the scanned surface of the product 1 may also differ from the shown embodiment in FIG. 1. It is important that in the process of scanning the controlled product 1, a constant position of the measuring sensor (s) 7 relative to the surface of the controlled product and the contact spots of the co-forest 3 with the product is ensured.

In the General case, it is possible to implement the inventive device in the form of a permanent magnet, for example, by mounting elements from rare earth magnets (for example, from Nd-Fe-B (Nd-Fe-B)) into the structure of the half-frames 4a and 4b.

The implementation of the inventive device is possible not only when controlling products with a flat surface, but also any other products requiring control with high performance. For example, it is possible to control pipes, T-beams, narrow sheet cloths, metal ropes, etc. Naturally, the profile of the generatrix of the wheels 3 of the magnetizing system 2 must be adapted to the profile of the scanned surface of the controlled product.

Thus, the claimed device can be implemented both when implementing magnetic and when implementing ultrasonic non-contact (based on EMA conversion) non-destructive testing methods. The implementation of the poles of the electromagnet in the form of wheels allows you to overcome the unevenness of the scanning surface without the appearance of a gap between the poles and the surface of the product, and therefore, without changing the magnitude of the magnetic flux in the product at significant scanning speeds. This provides reliable and reliable magnetic and / or ultrasonic testing of products at different scanning speeds, significantly expanding the functionality of the magnetic scanner-flaw detector system.

All the proposed technical solutions: reducing the length of the magnetic circuit by placing the wheels directly at the ends (in the forks) of the core, the same cross-sections of all the elements of the magnetic circuit and adapting the shape of the poles to the surface to be scanned, allow creating a sufficiently powerful (unattainable in the prototype) magnetic flux in the controlled product and reach a qualitatively different level of defectoscopy: the implementation of magnetic (MFL) and ultrasonic (EMA) control methods using the proposed magnetization system. This in turn allows us to solve the problem: improving the reliability and reliability of non-destructive testing at different scanning speeds, significantly expanding the functionality of the magnetic scanner-flaw detector system.

INFORMATION SOURCES:

1. Non-destructive testing: Reference: In 8 t. / Under the total. ed. V.V. Klyueva. T. 6. (p. 40-109 magnetic flaw detection). T. 3. (pp. 72-80 EMA excitation of ultrasound). - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 2004 (T. 6.), 2008 (T. 3.).

2. Potapov A.I., Syas'ko V.A., Solomenchuk P.V. and others. Electromagnetic and magnetic methods of non-destructive testing of materials and products. T.2: Electromagnetic and magnetic methods of defectoscopy and control of the properties of materials: a scientific reference manual. - St. Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriya, 2015.440 s. (see pages 11-146).

3. Muravyov VV, Strizhak VA, Balobanov E.N. To the calculation of the parameters of the magnetization system of an electromagnetic-acoustic transducer / Measuring equipment, 2011, No. 1 (17), p. 197-205.

4. Gobov Yu.L., Mikhailov A.V., Smorodinsky Ya.G. Magnetizing system for an EMA scanner-flaw detector / Flaw detection, 2014, No. 11, p. 48-56.

5. Samokrutov A.A., Bobrov V.T., Shevaldykin V.G., Kozlov V.N., Alekhin S.G., Zhukov A.V. Study of rolled anisotropy and its influence on the results of acoustic measurements. // The control. Diagnostics. 2003, No. 11. S. 6-8, 13-19.

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http://www.vserolici.ru/catalog/germaniya.php

Claims (2)

1. The magnetic system of the scanner-flaw detector, made in the form of an electromagnet with a core and a coil wound on it, the wheels on which the electromagnet moves, serve as its poles, the magnetic system is a carrier of measuring sensors, characterized in that the core of the electromagnet is made in the form of strapped identical curly semi-frames made of soft magnetic material with the formation of a fork at the ends where the wheels are mounted, and an electromagnet coil is located on the cross-axle part of the pulled semi-frames. 2. The magnetic system of the scanner-flaw detector according to claim 1, characterized in that the rolling surfaces of the wheels of the electromagnet are made adapted to the profile of the scanned surface of the controlled product.

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