RU2678500C1 - Engineering structures technical condition diagnostic device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metrology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the metrology. Engineering structures technical condition diagnosing device contains a stethoscope consisting of a sound-receiving head with a membrane and a rod, sound ducts and “olives”, a microphone for the sound signal recording, installed on the diagnosed surface a strain gauge strain sensor, and a container with water. Microphone and stethoscope sound receiving head are placed in the container with water. Sensor and microphone readings are recorded by the recording device. Body is equipped with the air pumping devices, tube, and cap for replacing water in the cylinder. Microphone and stethoscope are fixed with the body mounted guides.

EFFECT: technical result is increase in the measurement accuracy to determine the engineering structure current condition.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The proposed device relates to measuring equipment and can be used to diagnose the technical condition of various engineering structures during operation.

Complex engineering structures for various purposes during construction and during operation are affected by influences of various nature, which negatively affects the strength properties of the structural components, which necessitates monitoring the general technical condition of the structure and its individual parts to ensure safe operating conditions.

Technical level

In the process of patent search, a number of inventions-analogues were revealed.

Vibration flaw detector (No. 53781, IPC G01N 29/04, publ. 05.27.2006), consisting of an independent generator of vibrational vibrations, two or more identical vibration sensors and an analyzer unit, having: compensators, a comparison unit, a threshold element; or analog-to-digital converters and a microcontroller; as well as having means for outputting the result of the inspection in the form of a control electrical signal, light indication or sound signal. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that vibration sensors connected through a common connector to the analyzer block have three types of design: vibration sensors individually attached to the surface of the diagnosed object, having vacuum, magnetic or other means of temporary fastening; in the form of a group of vibration sensors mounted on a common frame or other common basis; in the form of a “head” that is moved during the diagnostics along the surface of an object containing several vibration sensors separated by insulating partitions and assembled in such a way that their sensitive surfaces, perceiving vibrational vibrations from the object, are in contact with the surface of the object at the same time.

The disadvantage of this invention is the use of the complexity of the measuring system, which affects the accuracy of the information received.

A device is also known (No. 85238, G01N 29/12, published July 27, 2009), designed for sound control of wooden poles of power lines, communication lines, etc., and containing a sound signal receiver, which is used as a microphone connected to amplifier, the signal from which is fed to the microcontroller, one of the outputs of which is connected to the display by a liquid crystal display. The microcontroller is also connected to a reader, which is equipped with an antenna for transmitting an RF signal to an RFID tag. During the initial test, the display shows information about the results of the current measurement. During subsequent monitoring, the information from the RFID tag is additionally displayed on the display, which makes it possible to evaluate the changes that have occurred in the support state during the time interval between two measurements.

The invention has several disadvantages, which include the lack of sensors in the design for measuring the vibrational characteristics of the support, as well as the use of a sound amplifier, which can provoke the appearance of sound noise.

The prototype is a device (No. 127906, G01H 1/00, publ. 05/10/2013) for diagnosing malfunctions of technical equipment, including a stethoscope consisting of a sound pickup head with a membrane and a rod, sound duct and headband with olive. Its principle of operation is that instead of one of the “olives”, a microphone is installed, designed to record an audio signal, and a piezoceramic knock sensor, fixed with a fastener on the body of the diagnosed technical equipment, designed to record a vibration signal, connected by wires to the connector for microphone of a personal computer on which an audio signal processing program is installed.

The disadvantages of this invention include the weakness of the received signal.

The objective of the proposed device is to transmit a vibration signal communicated by the investigated surface through the aquatic environment.

A device for diagnosing the technical condition of engineering structures, including a stethoscope, consisting of a sound pickup head with a membrane and a rod, sound ducts and “olive”, and containing a microphone for recording an audio signal, characterized in that an additional strain gauge strain gauge is installed on the diagnosed surface and a water tank with placed in it with a microphone and a sound receiving head of a stethoscope, and the readings of the sensor and microphone are recorded by the recording device.

The proposed device is illustrated in the drawing. In FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sensor for fixing vibrational vibrations, which gives a detailed view of its constituent elements. The design has parallel-connected devices for fixing vibration pulses, which are the sound pickup head of the stethoscope 1 and the microphone 2 placed in a waterproof shell. The sound pickup head of the stethoscope is connected to the “olives” 5 using a common wire 3, and the microphone is connected by the same wire to the recording device 10. Both the microphone and the stethoscope are fixed by guides 4 mounted on the housing 6. The housing is equipped with devices 7 for attachment to the test surface, equipped with devices for pumping air 8 and a thin rubber membrane, as well as a tube 9 for passage through it connecting wires. The housing is equipped with a cover 11 to replace the water in the cylinder.

The device operates as follows. After selecting the element of the diagnosed design for research, the device is attached to it using fastening devices with subsequent pumping of air for more reliable fixation. Since most of the surfaces under investigation have microroughnesses, when they communicate vibrations, the rubber membrane will absorb vibrations emanating from the surface during interaction, which affects the information received. When the need arises for more accurate measurements, the membrane is disconnected, and the sensor is attached to the test surface directly. A strain gauge sensor is also attached to the test surface. At the next stage, the element is informed of the vibration effect, which is transmitted through the water column to the microphone. With it, vibrational vibrations are recorded and the received information is transmitted to a recording device. At the same time, data received from the strain gauge is processed. Also, the technical condition of the diagnosed design is assessed using information obtained through a stethoscope. Its application allows for the accelerated diagnostics of the investigated surface without the use of information processing tools. The signal is amplified due to the fact that the microphone and the sound receiving head of the stethoscope are placed in the aquatic environment. Thus, information about the technical condition of the structure under study comes to the recording device from two sources, which allows more accurately determine the current state of the engineering structure.

After that, the obtained data are transmitted via a wired connection to a personal computer in the center for monitoring and evaluating the technical condition, where they are processed by spectral analysis, based on which it is concluded that there is a defect or not. Then, the processed information is sent for storage to a common electronic database for the studied object.

The technical condition of engineering structures is evaluated with a certain periodicity, which allows you to track the appearance of structural defects relative to the reference values, for which measurements taken when the structure was put into operation are taken.

Most diagnostic approaches in assessing the current state of engineering structures are based on the use of strain gauge and vibration sensors, which is not always effective due to the concomitant work of complex magnetic field equipment. This, in turn, stimulates interest in the search and development of methods that are independent of the magnetic field intensity, in particular, based on the use of water as the measurement medium, and vibrational vibrations as the measured value.

A device is proposed whose principle of operation is based on the use of a vibration sensor of an unconventional design, which allows determining the degree of residual strength of the components of the structure and the presence of voids in its local places for collecting data and analyzing information about defects found due to loads and conditions of intensive use, since water the medium conveys a wide spectrum of vibrations.

The operation of the device consists in communicating the vibrational effects of the studied part of the engineering structure with the subsequent fixation of the received information using a device in the form of a cylinder of a special shape filled with water and equipped with devices for fixing vibrational vibrations and devices for attaching to the studied surface.

Claims (1)

A device for diagnosing the technical condition of engineering structures, including a stethoscope, consisting of a sound pickup head with a membrane and a rod, sound ducts and "olive", and containing a microphone for recording an audio signal, characterized in that an additional strain gauge strain gauge is installed on the diagnosed surface and a container with water with a microphone placed in it and a stethoscope receiving head, moreover, the readings of the sensor and microphone are recorded by a recording device.

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