RU2675958C1 - Vibration machine for seed grinding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building. Vibration machine for grinding seeds is proposed, containing a grinding drum with a discharge window, a metering hopper, an unloading chute, mounted elastically on the base. Drum is made of sections, each of which is mounted from a strip, bent in one direction along straight lines placed at an angle to the edges of the strip, with alternate formation along the length of the strip of different sized equilateral and isosceles triangles. On two sides of the largest equilateral triangle there are two identical isosceles triangles with their bases, on the sides of which there are two identical equilateral triangles with two identical isosceles triangles located on their bases, on one of which there is an equilateral triangle. Sections are connected to each other with free sides of the above triangles.EFFECT: invention enables increased efficiency.1 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular, to equipment for pre-sowing treatment of seed material, and can be used to prepare for sowing seeds of small seeded crops, such as carrots.

A known machine for grinding seeds (RF patent No. 250416, class MKI A01C 1/00, publ. 04/10/2016, Bull. No. 10), containing a grinding drum, the inner surface of which is covered with a layer of rubber, with an unloading window, a hopper, an unloading tray, mounted elastically on the base, characterized in that the grinding drum, the inner surface of which is covered with a layer of rubber, is assembled from sections assembled from two identical subsections made of an even number of at least four identical isosceles triangles, alternately connected x along the perimeter of the subsection with four equal equilateral triangles, with the formation of small and large end holes in the form of polygons, while in the section two subsections are connected to each other by the sides of the end large holes, and the sections are connected to each other along the length of the grinding drum by their sides of the small end holes with the formation of a multi-helical grinding grinding drum with mutually directional broken helical lines, and the working body is made in the form of a wave-shaped spring with a pl the cross section of the turns, covered with a layer of rubber mounted inside the container and equipped with a device for changing the pitch of the turns by stretching or compressing it.

A disadvantage of the known machine for grinding seeds is large dimensions in length, insufficient productivity, as well as limited technological capabilities, large areas occupied in production facilities.

Closest to the proposed is the installation of vibration for grinding seeds (patent No. 2585475, MKI А01С 1/00, publ. 05/27/2016, bull. No. 15), containing a grinding drum, the inner surface of which is covered with a layer of rubber, with a discharge window, the hopper a dispenser, an unloading tray, mounted elastically on the base, characterized in that the grinding drum is made conical, mounted rigidly horizontally and mounted from sections, alternately connected to each other along the length of the grinding drum with their end holes in the form polygons, each section is assembled from two subsections, the first perimeter subsection is mounted from even, at least four identical first isosceles triangles, alternately connected by their sides with sides, at least four identical second isosceles triangles, the bases of which are larger than the base of the first four isosceles triangles, with the formation of small and large end holes in the form of polygons, and the second subsection is mounted from alternately connected to the length of at least four identical equilateral triangles with sides equal to the bases of the second isosceles triangles of the first subsection, with the sides of at least four identical isosceles triangles, with an apex angle of 90 °, with the formation of small and large end holes in the form of polygons, with a large end the hole in the form of a polygon of the first subsection is equal to the small end hole in the form of a polygon of the second subsection, while the subsections are connected to each other in a section their end openings in the form of polygons, wherein at the perimeter formed by grinding drum directed towards each other broken lines and surfaces screw with increasing pitch from loading to unloading.

A disadvantage of the known installation of vibration for grinding seeds is: large dimensions in length, insufficient productivity, as well as limited technological capabilities, large areas occupied in production facilities.

The technical result is a reduction in dimensions along the length and occupied space in the production room, increasing productivity and expanding technological capabilities.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a vibrating machine for grinding seeds containing a grinding drum, the inner surface of which is covered with a layer of rubber, with an unloading window, a hopper-dispenser, an unloading tray mounted elastically on the base, the grinding drum is made of sections, each of which is mounted from a strip bent to one side in straight lines placed at an angle to the edges of the strip, with alternating formation along the length of the strip of different-sized equilateral and isosceles triangles, p and on the two sides of the largest equilateral triangle, two identical isosceles triangles are located with their bases, on the sides of which are two identical equilateral triangles, with two identical isosceles triangles located to them with their bases, on one of which is an equilateral triangle, the sides of smaller equilateral triangles differ from the sides of large equilateral triangles by the same linear value, and sections connect They are connected with each other by the free sides of the mentioned triangles, while broken helical lines and helical surfaces are formed on the outer and inner surfaces of the grinding drum.

According to the patent literature not found a technical solution similar to the claimed, which allows us to judge the inventive step of a vibrating machine for grinding seeds.

The novelty lies in the fact that the seeds circulate in planes perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the grinding drum not from the rotating grinding drum (it does not rotate), but from the disturbing force of the vibrator through the walls of the grinding drum, which simplifies operation.

The novelty lies in the fact that the grinding drum is made in the form of a ring, along the perimeter and on the inner surface of which helical broken surfaces and broken helical lines are formed, which reduces the overall length and occupied space in the production room, expands technological capabilities.

The novelty of the proposal lies in the fact that along the inner surface of the grinding drum, broken oppositely directed helical lines and helical surfaces are formed, which increases the intensity of mixing and interaction of seeds with each other and with the walls of the grinding drum, resulting in increased productivity and expanded technological capabilities, as well as lengthened seed path, which allows to reduce the diameter of the ring, and therefore to reduce the area occupied by the machine in the production room.

The novelty is due to the fact that the elements from which the grinding drum is assembled around the perimeter are different in area, shape and size, so the intensity and efficiency of grinding the seeds increases, and technological capabilities expand.

The novelty is also due to the fact that the pitch of the broken helix is variable, i.e. changes around the entire perimeter of the grinding drum, which violates the stationary motion of seeds and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty of the proposal also lies in the fact that, over the entire perimeter of the grinding drum, the passage section varies not only in shape, but also in area, which provides alternate compression and expansion of the mass of seeds in each section of the grinding drum, which means an increase in productivity, the efficiency of grinding seeds and expansion of technological capabilities.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that the elements from which the grinding drum is assembled are inclined at different angles not only to each other, but also to the axis of symmetry of the grinding drum, therefore, the degree of compression of the seed flow increases and the process of grinding is intensified.

The novelty also lies in the fact that the grinding drum is made of sections whose walls are not only inclined to each other, but also to the direction of the rotational movement of seeds moving under the influence of vibration in planes perpendicular to the bore of the grinding drum, which complicates the trajectory of their movement and increases the intensity of their interaction and expands technological capabilities.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed vibratory machine for grinding seeds; in FIG. 2 - grinding drum, top view; in FIG. 3 is a section AA in FIG. 2; in FIG. 4 - section of the grinding drum, coated inside with a layer of rubber, axonometric projection; in FIG. 5 - strip with marked straight lines; in FIG. 6 is an assembly diagram of a grinding drum; in FIG. 7 is a section BB in FIG. 2; in FIG. 8 is a section BB in FIG. 2; in FIG. 9 is a section GG in FIG. 2;

The vibrating machine for grinding seeds (Fig. 1) consists of a frame 1, on which, with the help of springs 2, the housing 4 is elastically fixed and equipped with a vibrator 3. The discharge window, hopper, dispenser, the discharge tray are not shown in the drawings.

The grinding drum 4 is mounted (FIG. 2, FIG. 3) from the section 6 (FIG. 4) highlighted in FIG. 2 triple lines 71-72-50-91-49-71.

Section 5 is made of a strip 95 (Fig. 4, Fig. 5), bent to one side along straight lines 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102 placed at an angle to the edges of the strip 95 to form equilaterally differently sized 7, 8, 9, 10 and isosceles 11, 12, 13, 14 triangles. Moreover, on the two sides of the largest equilateral triangle 8, two identical isosceles triangles 12 and 13 are placed with their bases (shown in Fig. 5 by double lines). The bases of the triangles 12 and 13 are larger than the sides by the same amount, for example (Δ). Equilateral triangles 7 and 9 are placed to the lateral side of triangles 12 and 13, the sides of which are smaller than an equilateral triangle 8, respectively, by the same amount (Δ). To the sides of triangles 7 and 8, isosceles triangles 11 and 14 are placed with their bases. The bases (shown in Fig. 5 with triple lines) of isosceles triangles 11 and 14 are larger than their lateral sides by the same amount (Δ). Equilateral triangle 10, the sides of which are smaller than triangles 7 and 9 by an amount of (Δ) and, accordingly, less than triangle 7 by an amount of (2Δ), is placed to triangle 14. After bending the strip 95 along lines 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102 to one side, the ends of the strip 95 are connected along the line (shown in Fig. 4 with a triple line), for example by welding, to form section 6 (Fig. 4) . Sections 6 are connected to each other by the free sides of triangles 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, for example by welding (Fig. 6), with the formation of the housing 5 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) . Broken helical lines are formed on the outer and inner surfaces of the housing 5, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, thickened line: closed polygonal helix 15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24-25-26-27-28-29-30-31-32-33-34-35 -36-37-38-39-40-41-42-43-44-45-46-47-48-49-49-51-52-53-54-15 and a closed broken helix 55-56-57 -58-59-60-61-62-63-64-65-66-67-68-69-70-71-72-73-74-75-76-77-78-79-80-81-82 -83-84-85-86-87-88-89-90-91-92-93-94-55 (in Fig. 2, the invisible sections of helical lines are shown by two parallel lines: solid and dashed, and the invisible points of a broken helix taken in parentheses). As a result, helical surfaces of various shapes, sizes and sizes of triangles are formed on the inner and outer surfaces of the grinding drum 4 between the broken helical lines, and the grinding drum 4 itself has a bore that varies in shape, dimensions of the sides and the cross-sectional area (Fig. 7 , Fig. 8, Fig. 9).

A vibrating machine for grinding seeds works as follows.

The perturbing force of the vibrator 3 through the walls of the housing 4 is transmitted to the seeds inside the grinding drum 4. The seeds make a complex movement in which they (seeds) are ground mainly by abrasion. The seeds not only collide (interact) with each other, but also under the influence of vibration make a rotational movement in a plane perpendicular to the bore of the grinding drum 4. Since the size of the cross section along the length of the grinding drum 4, the shape, arrangement changes, the disturbance of the movement of seeds is aggravated , i.e. there is an increase in the intensity of their grinding. The presence of flat multidirectional triangles in each section of the grinding drum 4 along its perimeter changes the direction of movement of individual portions of seeds, complicates the trajectory of their movement in a plane perpendicular to the bore of the grinding drum 4, which intensifies the process of mixing, impact of seeds and accelerates the process of grinding. The presence of helical surfaces and broken helical lines around the perimeter of the grinding drum 4 contributes not only to complicate the paths of their movement, but also to move along the passage section of the grinding drum 4. When seeds move along the passage section of the grinding drum 4 due to changes in the passage section in shape and size, alternately the compression and rarefaction zones in each section of the grinding drum 4 over its entire volume, which also intensifies the grinding process and expands technological capabilities.

Claims (1)

Vibrating machine for grinding seeds, containing a grinding drum, the inner surface of which is coated with a rubber layer, with an unloading window, a hopper, an unloading tray, mounted elasticly on the base, characterized in that the grinding drum is made of sections, each of which is mounted from a strip, bent to one side in straight lines placed at an angle to the edges of the strip, with alternating formation along the length of the strip of different sizes of equilateral and isosceles triangles, while on both sides of a large equilateral triangle, two identical isosceles triangles are located at their bases, on the sides of which are two identical equilateral triangles with two identical isosceles triangles located to them with their bases, one of which is an equilateral triangle, and the sides of smaller equilateral triangles differ from the sides of large equilateral triangles for the same linear value, and the sections are connected to each other freedoms on the outer and inner surfaces of the grinding drum, broken helical lines and helical surfaces are formed.

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