RU2541663C1 - Small-size plant for preparing feed - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises a working chamber provided with a gear, and resiliently mounted on the base. The working chamber is made spiral-shaped with a repeated change in the flow cross section in shape and size throughout its length and with formation along its outer and inner perimeter of the multiple-thread screw surfaces and unidirectional multiple-thread helical lines. These surfaces provide the change in the direction of motion of the particle fluxes of the feed components and movement of the feed components from the loading to unloading. The working chamber is made of sections assembled from two subsections. The subsections are made of strips folded in one direction along straight fold lines, located at an angle to the edges of the strips, and folded to a ring with alternate formation along the length of the strip of different in size equilateral, isosceles and scalenous triangles. The sides of the triangles are different from each other by the same linear value that is a multiple to integer Δ.

EFFECT: use of the invention enables to expand the technological capabilities of the plant for mixing combined feed.

15 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a mixing device, in particular to continuous mixers, designed to mix concentrated feed.

A device for mixing feed (patent No. 2372817, class A23N 17/00, 2006) is known, comprising a bed mounted on it by means of a rotatable drum frame inserted into the device with air balloons, which consists of sections with the side surface of each drum section made of two rectangles and two parallelograms, connected in pairs with their sides to each other with the formation of square sections at the ends, while the square of each subsequent section is rotated 180 ° relative to the previous one.

A disadvantage of the known device is the limited technological capabilities due to the fact that mixing is carried out with an almost constant longitudinal and cross section of the drum from loading to unloading, insufficient mixing intensity and the intensity of interaction of the feed components with each other, as well as the need to tilt the drum or the entire installation to ensure movement feed components from loading to unloading, as well as large dimensions.

Closest to the proposed invention is a device for the preparation of feed (patent No. 2358620, class A23N 17/00, 2009), containing a bed, a working chamber mounted with a drive, made of a toroidal shape from sections mounted from strips bent to one side along straight lines placed at an angle to the edges of the strips with alternating formation along the length of the strip of different-sized equilateral and isosceles triangles, while on both sides of the largest equilateral triangle are located their bases two identical isosceles triangles, on the sides of which are two identical equilateral triangles with two identical isosceles triangles located to their bases, on one of which is an equilateral triangle, and the sides of smaller equilateral triangles differ from the sides of large equilateral triangles by the same linear value, and the sections are connected to each other by the free sides of these triangles with the formation of the outer and inner nney surfaces of the toroidal working chamber directed towards each other polygonal lines screw and helical surfaces arranged at an angle to each other.

A disadvantage of the known device is the limited technological capabilities due to the almost constant cross-section in shape and size throughout the working chamber and the constancy of the movement of the particle fluxes of the components, as well as the need to arrange ensuring the continuity of the feed preparation flows.

The technical solution to the problem is to expand technological capabilities and ensure the continuity of the flows of feed components from loading to unloading due to the implementation of a spiral-shaped working chamber with multiple changes in the bore in shape and size along its entire length and the formation of multi-helical surfaces along its outer and inner perimeters and the movement of particle flows of feed components and their movement from loading to unloading with a horizontal arrangement of a small-sized installation for preparation of feed.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that in a small-sized feed preparation plant containing a working chamber resiliently mounted on a base and equipped with a drive, the working chamber is made in a spiral shape with a polyhedral helical surface along its inner and outer perimeters, made of sections mounted from two subsections made from strips bent to one side along straight fold lines placed at an angle to the edges of the strips and rolled into a ring with alternating formation along the length of the strip of different p measurements of equilateral, isosceles and miscellaneous triangles, and the sides of the triangles differ from each other by the same linear multiple of an integer Δ, while on the two sides of the largest equilateral triangle, two identical equilateral triangles are placed with their largest sides, the sides of which are smaller the sides of a large equilateral triangle by the same linear quantity Δ, a multiple of an integer, and to the middle side of one of which, on one side of the strip, m a smaller equilateral triangle, all sides of which are smaller than the sides of the largest equilateral triangle by the same linear quantity Δ, which is a multiple of two, and an isosceles triangle attached to its second side of the smaller equilateral triangle, the sides of which are smaller than its base by a linear value Δ and accordingly less than the side of the largest equilateral triangle by a linear multiple of three Δ, and to the lateral side of which isosceles triangles are attached whose base is smaller than its lateral side by Δ and correspondingly smaller than the side of the largest equilateral triangle by 4Δ, while on the opposite side of the strip to the second equilateral triangle, an isosceles triangle is attached with its lateral side, the base of which is smaller by its size than its lateral side Δ and, accordingly, less than the side of the largest equilateral triangle by 3Δ, and to the base of which is isosceles is attached with its lateral side a triangle whose base is smaller than its lateral side by Δ and correspondingly smaller than the sides of the largest equilateral triangle by 4Δ, after the bending of the strip along the fold lines into the ring, the ends of the strips whose linear value is less than 4Δ of the side of the largest equilateral triangle are connected to form subsections, in which a hole in the form of a square is formed on one side, the side of which is smaller than the side of the largest equilateral triangle of the strip by 3Δ, and on the other hand An aperture in the form of an isosceles trapezoid is indicated, the large base of which is equal to the side of the largest equilateral triangle, and the small base is smaller than the large base by 3Δ, and the sides are smaller than the large base by 2Δ, and the subsections are connected to each other by openings in the form of trapezoidal sections. with inlet and outlet openings in the form of squares whose sides are equal to each other, and these openings are located at an angle, the value of which determines the spiral shape of the working chamber, when m sections are connected to the working chamber rotated relative to each other alternately, alternately rotated 90 ° with respect to each successive section of the previous clockwise, and then the next section is attached with a rotation in the opposite direction also at 90 °.

According to the patent literature not found a technical solution similar to the claimed, which allows us to judge the inventive step of the proposed small installation for the preparation of feed.

The novelty is due to the fact that the working chamber is made in a spiral shape and multi-helical surfaces and multi-helical lines are formed along its outer and inner perimeter, which ensures not only the intensification of the interaction of feed components, but also their movement in a continuous stream from loading to unloading.

The novelty of the proposal also lies in the fact that around the entire perimeter of the working chamber, the feed section varies not only in shape, but also in area, which provides alternate compression and expansion of the feed components in each section of the working chamber, which means an increase in productivity, efficiency of preparation of feed, expansion technological capabilities.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that the triangles of the strips from which the subsections of the working chamber are mounted are not only inclined to each other, but also to the axis of symmetry of the working chamber, therefore, the compression ratio of the feed components increases, the process of preparing feeds accelerates, and technological capabilities expand.

The novelty also lies in the fact that the working chamber is made of sections whose walls are not only inclined to each other, but also to the direction of the rotational movement of the particles of the feed components moving under the influence of vibration in planes perpendicular to the bore of the working chamber, which complicates the trajectory of their movement , increases the intensity of their interaction and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty lies in the fact that the manufacture of a spiral-shaped working chamber with multifaceted elements of various shapes and perimeter sizes located along helical surfaces and spiral broken helical lines provides an intensification of the feed preparation process, increases the energy intensity and frequency of their interaction, ensuring a continuous feed preparation flow during their movement from loading to unloading.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where: in Fig.1 shows a small-sized installation for the preparation of feed, General view; figure 2 - working chamber, top view; figure 3 is a section aa in figure 2; figure 4 is one of the sections from which the working chamber is mounted, top view; figure 5 is one of the sections from which the working chamber is mounted, view along arrow B in figure 4; figure 6 is one of the subsections, sections of the working chamber, axonometric projection; Fig.7 is a second subsection, sections of the working chamber, axonometric projection; on Fig - strip with marked straight lines; figure 9 - assembly diagram of the section from the subsections; figure 10 - section bB in figure 2; figure 11 is a section bb in figure 2;, figure 12 is a section gg in figure 2; in Fig.13 is a section DD in Fig.2; in Fig.14 is a cross-section EE in Fig.2; Fig - flow chart of the continuous preparation of feed, visual image.

A small-sized feed preparation plant (Fig. 1) consists of a bed 1, on which a working chamber 4 is elastically fixed and equipped with a vibrator 3 using springs 2. Loading and unloading devices are not shown in Fig. 1.

The working chamber 4 (figure 2, figure 3) is made of a spiral shape with a polyhedral helical surface along its inner and outer perimeter and made of sections 5 (one of the sections in figure 2 is highlighted by solid thickened lines), interconnected by known methods, e.g. welding, sticky, etc. Each of the sections 5 is made in the form of a circular sector (Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7) of subsections 6 and 7. Subsections 6 and subsection 7 are made of strips M (Fig. 8), bent into one side along straight lines A, B, C, D, D, E, F, placed at an angle to the lateral edges of strip M, with the formation of different-sized equilateral triangles 8 and 9, while the sides of triangle 8 are less than the sides of triangle 9 by 2Δ , isosceles triangles 10, 11, 12, 13 and two identical different-sided triangles 14 and 15. All sides of these triangles differ from each other a friend by the same linear quantity multiple of an integer Δ. At the same time, on the two sides of the largest equilateral triangle 9, two identical different-sided triangles 14 and 15 are placed with their largest sides (side G of triangle 14 and side D of triangle 15). The sides along which triangles 14 and 15 are connected to triangle 9 are shown in FIG. .8 double lines. The medium-sized sides of the different-sided triangles 14 and 15 (the side in the triangle 14 and the E side of the triangle 15) are less than the sides of the large equilateral triangle 9 by 2Δ. The smallest sides of the versatile triangles 14 and 15 are smaller than their average sides B and E by Δ and equal to L. These sides (L) are shown in Fig. 8. An equilateral triangle 8 is attached to the middle side B of an equilateral triangle 14, all sides of which are equal to the middle side B of triangle 14. To side B of triangle 8, an isosceles triangle 11 is attached with its base, the sides of which are smaller than its base by Δ and accordingly less than the side of the largest triangle 9 by 3Δ. An isosceles triangle 10, the base of which is smaller than its lateral side by Δ and correspondingly smaller than the sides of the largest equilateral triangle 9 by 4Δ, is attached to the side of triangle 11 by its lateral side A. On the opposite side of the strip M, to the middle side E of the triangle 15, an isosceles triangle 12 is attached with its lateral side, the base of which is smaller than its lateral side by Δ and, accordingly, less than the sides of triangle 9 by 3Δ. To side Ж - the base of triangle 12, an isosceles triangle 13 is attached with its lateral side, the base of which is smaller than its lateral side by Δ and, accordingly, less than the sides of the largest equilateral triangle 9 by 4Δ.

After bending the strip M along the lines A, B, C, D, D, E, Zh into a ring in one direction, the ends of the strip M along the lines K (shown in Figs. 6 and 7 by a triple line) are connected, for example, by welding, with the formation of subsections 6 and 7 (FIG. 6 and FIG. 7), in which a hole is formed in the form of a square with a side equal to L, the length of which is less than the sides of the largest equilateral triangle 9 of the strip M by 3Δ, and on the other hand, a hole is formed in the form isosceles trapezoid, the large base of which is equal to the side of the largest equilateral triangle 9, the small base is smaller than the large base of the trapezoid by 3Δ, and the sides are smaller than the large base by 2Δ.

Subsections 6 and 7 are connected with trapezoidal openings (Fig. 9) to form section 5, for example by welding. Thus, section 5 (Fig. 4, Fig. 5) is provided with an inlet square hole P and an outlet square hole C, the sides of the square inlet and outlet openings P and C of section 5 being equal to each other. In this case, the square holes P and C of section 5 are located to each other at an angle α, the value of which ensures the spiral shape of the housing 4.

When the sections 5 are mounted in the working chamber 4, they are connected with square holes, while in turn they are rotated 90 ° each subsequent section relative to the previous one clockwise, and then the next section is also connected with rotation in the opposite direction by 90 °.

On the outer and inner surfaces of the spiral working chamber 4, mutually directed broken helical lines are formed, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 with a thickened line, one of eight broken helical lines: 16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-23-24- 25-26-27-28-29-30-31-32-33-34-35-36-37-38-39-40-41-42-43, etc. In Fig.2, the invisible sections of the broken helix are shown by a double dashed line, and their vertices are taken in parentheses.

As a result, helical surfaces with different cross-sectional shapes and areas are formed on the inner and outer surfaces of the spiral shape of the working chamber 4, and the working chamber 4 of the spiral shape itself has a cross-section that varies along the entire length of the working chamber both in area and size and in shape (Fig. 11, Fig. 12, Fig. 13, Fig. 14, Fig. 15).

Thus, the working chamber 4 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is made around the perimeter in the form of a multi-helical surface with helical lines around the perimeter of the working chamber 4 and with a variable bore, providing compression components of the feed.

The working chamber 4 (figure 2, figure 3) of a spiral shape with a polyhedral helical surface along its inner and outer perimeter with the formation of multi-helical surfaces and unidirectional multi-helical lines along its outer and inner surfaces can be made in another way.

Small-sized installation for the preparation of feed works as follows.

The perturbing force of the vibrator 3 through the walls of the working chamber 4 is transmitted to the particles of the feed components located inside the working chamber 4. The particles of the feed components make a complex movement, during which the process of preparing the feed occurs. Particles of feed components intensively interact with each other and under the influence of vibration rotate in planes perpendicular to the bore of the working chamber 4. Since the dimensions of the cross section along the length of the working chamber 4 change in shape and location, the disturbed movement of the particles of the feed components is aggravated, t .e. there is an increase in the intensity of their preparation. The presence of helical surfaces and helical lines around the perimeter of the working chamber 4 contributes not only to the complication of the trajectories of the particles of feed components, but also to their movement along the bore of the working chamber 4 from loading (Fig. 15) to unloading. When moving along the cross section of the working chamber 4 feed particles due to changes in the cross section in shape and size, compression and vacuum zones are alternately formed in each cross section of the working chamber 4 over its entire volume, which also intensifies the process of preparing the feed and expands technological capabilities.

Technical and economic advantages arise due to the implementation of a spiral-shaped working chamber with multiple changes in the bore in shape and size along its entire length and with the formation of multi-helical surfaces and unidirectional multi-helical lines along its outer and inner perimeter, which provide a change in the direction of flow particle feed components and the expansion of technological capabilities.

Claims (1)

A small-sized feed preparation plant, comprising a working chamber elastically mounted on a base and equipped with a drive, characterized in that the working chamber is made in a spiral shape with a polyhedral helical surface along its inner and outer perimeters and made of sections mounted from two subsections made of strips, bent to one side along straight fold lines, placed at an angle to the edges of the strips, and rolled into a ring with alternating formation along the length of the strip of different sizes equilateral of their isosceles and miscellaneous triangles, and the sides of the triangles differ from each other by the same linear multiple of an integer Δ, while on the two sides of the largest equilateral triangle two identical miscellaneous triangles are placed with their largest sides, the sides of which are smaller than the sides a large equilateral triangle by the same linear quantity Δ, a multiple of an integer, and to the middle side of one of which a smaller equilateral is attached to one side of the strip the third triangle, all sides of which are smaller than the sides of the largest equilateral triangle by the same linear quantity Δ, which is a multiple of two, and an isosceles triangle is attached to its second side of the smaller equilateral triangle, the sides of which are smaller than its base by a linear value Δ and, accordingly, less the sides of the largest equilateral triangle by a linear multiple of three Δ, and to the lateral side of which an isosceles triangle is attached, the base of which Δ is smaller than its side by Δ and, accordingly, smaller than Δ 4 by the largest equilateral triangle, while an isosceles triangle is attached to its middle side to the second equilateral triangle to the middle side, the base of which is Δ smaller than its side and respectively, less than the side of the largest equilateral triangle by 3 Δ, and to the base of which an isosceles triangle is attached with its lateral side, o the formation of which is smaller than its lateral side by Δ and correspondingly less than the sides of the largest equilateral triangle by 4 Δ, after bending the strip along the fold lines into the ring, the ends of the strips whose linear value is 4 Δ smaller than the sides of the largest equilateral triangle are connected with the formation of subsections , on which, on the one hand, a hole is formed in the form of a square, the side of which is less than the side of the largest equilateral triangle of the strip by 3 Δ, and on the other hand, holes are formed in the form of an isosceles trapezoid, the large base of which is equal to the side of the largest equilateral triangle, and the small base is smaller than the large base by 3 Δ, and the sides are smaller than the large base by 2 Δ, and the sub-sections are connected to each other by openings in the form of trapezoid with the formation of sections with inlet and outlet openings in the form of squares, the sides of which are equal to each other, and these openings are located at an angle whose value determines the spiral shape of the working chamber, while the sections are connected They are pushed into the working chamber with rotation relative to each other, alternately turning 90 ° each subsequent section relative to the previous one clockwise, and then the next section is also connected with rotation in the opposite direction by 90 °.

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