RU2673186C1 - Device for introducing charges to atmosphere - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: meteorology.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of meteorology and is intended for changing weather conditions. In the method, the device consists of emission wires (4), suspended on supports of various heights and under constant electric potential (7) relative to the ground. Further, the antenna consists of central mast (1) with a height of 30–60 m, from which two inclined cables (3) that are 50–150 m long are stretched in diametrically opposite directions. Across cables (3) emission wires (4) with a diameter of 0.5–1 mm are located in the transverse direction at distances D equal to the average suspension height H of the adjacent wires. Emission wires (4) terminate at the upper ends of two peripheral masts (2) with a height of 6–15 m, located at a distance of 50–150 m on a line perpendicular to the direction of inclined cables (3). Or emission wires (4) terminate on two peripheral cables, tensioned parallel to the ground and inclined cables (3) on either side of them at a distance of 50–150 m. And the distances between the points of connection of two adjacent emission wires (4) with peripheral cables are equal to the heights of the location of peripheral cables above the ground.EFFECT: expansion of the means is provided.1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to meteorology, and in particular to the field of active effects on the atmosphere, and can be used to correct atmospheric processes in the interests of the urban population and agriculture.

In [1] [2], the dependence of the course of meteorological processes on the electrical state of the atmosphere and the possibility of artificially affecting processes by changing the concentration and sign of ions in air in large areas were theoretically substantiated. In recent decades, various ground-based devices have been developed for influencing the atmosphere with electrons and ions - atmospheric air ionizers.

Various types of air ionizers are known, which differ in the methods of separation of charges of the opposite sign and in the design of the devices. Such devices include, in particular, the so-called Chizhevsky's chandelier, consisting of needles attached to the surface and to which a constant electric potential is supplied.

Analogs of the claimed device are devices that use the effect of ionization of air at the surface of a thin wire under high constant electric potential. (Here and below, a high constant potential will mean an electric potential whose magnitude exceeds 2000 volts.) Analog devices consist of two parts: a charge emission unit in the form of wires stretched over the earth's surface and a power supply - a source of constant electric potential [3] [ 4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]. Differences between devices - analogues among themselves - relate to wire suspension schemes - the shape of the antenna, on which the flow of electrons and ions into the atmosphere from a given area depends.

The characteristics of such devices, affecting the emission power of electrons and ions, include:

1) the value of the constant electric potential on the wire;

2) the total length of the emission wire;

3) average wire suspension height;

4) the relative location of the wires.

The last two characteristics affect the power of the device, because

- the effect is known, according to which the emission of electrons from two closely spaced parallel wires is less than from one wire due to a decrease in the transverse gradient of the space potential near the wires, on which the charge emission current density depends;

- it is known that the current density of the emission of charges into the atmosphere is proportional to the suspension height of the wires.

The closest analogues of the claimed device include three devices described in [7] [8] [9].

1. Analogs [7] [8] consist of one relatively high central mast, from which emission wires are radially stretched to lower masts located at some distance from the central one. The device forms an umbrella of wires, to which a non-zero constant electric potential is applied.

The disadvantage of this device can be estimated based on the general principles of the theory of atmospheric electricity. To create a noticeable current to the atmosphere from the wires while preventing the generated electrons from going to the ground along the electric field lines, the condition for the connection of the suspension height of the wires H and the distances between adjacent parallel wires D

Under this condition, the electric potential gradient near the wire remains sufficient for electron emission and, at the same time, the equipotential surfaces of adjacent wires merge into an equipotential surface over the entire area of wire tension, which reduces the likelihood of electrons that arise in the air above the tensioned wires to ground. From condition (1) it follows that the distance between the higher wires should be greater. In the prototype device, contrary to condition (1), the distance between the wires decreases with increasing suspension height. Due to this, densely located wires near the central mast do not generate emissions due to too close mutual arrangement, while parts of the wires located near relatively low masts are too far apart and most of the emission electrons go to the ground along the field lines of the electric field. As a result, due to incorrect suspension of wires, the emission current of the prototype device does not reach the maximum possible value.

2. Another analogue close to the claimed device is a device [9]. The device consists of two relatively high supports with a height of Н _о (30-60 m), between which a cable is stretched through which, at distances D _о ≈Н _о , emission wires are suspended in the transverse directions ending in two parallel structural elements between supports of height H ₁ <Н _о , arranged so that the condition D≈Н is met for all sections of the emission wires. This device largely eliminates the disadvantage of an analogue [7]. In it, the distance between the emission wires increases with the height of the sections of the wires. This device is taken as a prototype device.

The disadvantage of the prototype device is that for the suspension of wires two high masts with a height of about 30-60 m are required. Using two masts of this height increases the cost of the device and is associated with difficulties in choosing the location of the masts.

The aim of the claimed device is to eliminate these disadvantages of the prototype device. This goal is achieved in that the device’s antenna consists of a central mast 30-60 m high, from which two oblique cables 50-150 m long are pulled in diametrically opposite directions, through which emission wires with a diameter of 0.5-1 mm are located in the transverse direction, at distances D equal to the average suspension height H of adjacent wires, and emission wires terminate at the upper ends of two peripheral masts 6-15 m high, located at a distance of 50-150 m on a line perpendicular to the direction of the inclined cables.

This goal is also achieved by the fact that the antenna consists of a central mast 30-60 m high, from which two oblique cables 50-150 m long are stretched in diametrically opposite directions, through which emission wires with a diameter of 0.5-1 mm are located in the transverse direction, at distances D equal to the average suspension height H of adjacent wires, and the emission wires terminate on two peripheral cables stretched parallel to the ground and the inclined cables on both sides of them at a distance of 50-150 m, and the distance between the points connected The tendency of two adjacent emission wires with peripheral cables is equal to the heights of the location of the peripheral cables above the ground.

In the second embodiment, the design is somewhat more complicated, however, the emissivity of the antenna becomes maximum for the given average heights of the masts and antenna area, because condition (1) is satisfied over the entire length of the wire.

A general view of the inventive device in embodiment 1 is shown in Figures 1 and 2, and in embodiment 2 - in FIG. 3 and 4. In figures 1.3 shows the types of devices on the side. In Figures 2, 4 are top views. In the Figures: 1 - central relatively high mast, 2 - relatively low peripheral masts, 3 - inclined cables, 4 - emission wires, 5 - insulators, 6 - peripheral cables, 7 - source of constant potential on the wires.

The advantage of the claimed device in comparison with the prototype device is that it uses only one relatively high mast, which simplifies the design, and at the same time, the advantage of the prototype device relative to other analogs is preserved, in particular compared to analogs [7] [8] with antennas in the form of an umbrella.

Table 1 presents an example of a specific implementation of the claimed device and its parameters

The device operates as follows. From a constant voltage source (7), a constant potential is applied to the emission wire. A nonzero radial gradient of the potential appears on the surface of the wire, the magnitude of which is inversely proportional to the radius of the wire. In this field, electrons and conduction ions are accelerated. The direction of the current is determined by the sign of the potential on the wire. Charged particles escaping into the atmosphere, leaving the wire, form a space charge in the vicinity of the installation. A space charge of inhomogeneous density creates a radial gradient of the potential, which helps to remove charged particles from the setup.

Sources of information taken into account.

1. Poichmelnykh L.A. Theoretical problems of weather modification by ions. WMO Workshop on measurements of cloud properties for forecasts of weather and climate. MexicoCity. June 1997. P. 350-352.

2. Hungover L.A. Weather correction by atmospheric ionization. / In the book. Fundamental errors in physics and real electrodynamics. - M.: “Mask”, 2012. S. 119.

3. Vonnugut B., Maynard L., Sykes W.G., Moov S.V. Technique for introducing low density space charge in to the atmosphere. G. Geophys. Res. 1961, V66, N3, 823-830.

4. Bradly W.E., Semonin R.G. Effect of space charge atmosphere electrification, cloud charging and precipitation. G. Geophys. Res. 1969, V74, 8, 1930-1940.

5. RF patent No. 2060639. 1990, Bull. No. 15. 1996. A device for creating a space charge in the atmosphere of "ELAT".

6. RF patent No. 2034315. 1991, Bull. No. 12. 1995. A device for creating a space charge in the atmosphere.

7. Patent USA, 2005, No. 7965488 B2. Method of removing of aerosols from the atmosphere.

8. Patent No. 0002516223. Application No. 2012117745/07.

9. Patent. Application No. 2015138205/13 (058573).

Claims (1)

A device for introducing a charge into the atmosphere, consisting of emission wires suspended on supports of various heights and under constant electric potential relative to the earth, characterized in that the antenna consists of a central mast 30-60 m high, from which two oblique are stretched in diametrically opposite directions a cable with a length of 50-150 m, through which emission wires with a diameter of 0.5-1 mm are located in the transverse direction, at distances D equal to the average suspension heights H of adjacent wires, and the emission lead wires terminate at the upper ends of two peripheral masts 6-15 m high, located at a distance of 50-150 m on a line perpendicular to the direction of the inclined cables, or emission wires end on two peripheral cables stretched parallel to the ground and inclined cables on either side of them at a distance of 50-150 m, and the distances between the points of connection of two adjacent emission wires with peripheral cables are equal to the heights of the location of the peripheral cables above the ground.

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