RU2672199C1 - Rotor machine (options) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to rotary machines, pumps, hydraulic motors and engines. Rotor machine comprises stationary body 1 with axis 2, where rotor 3 rotates, that is connected to an eccentrically located additional axis 5, around which blades 6 are movably located. Inside rotor 3 there is working chamber 9 having working inner section 12 with piston shaft 8 located on blade 6. Section 12 has feed channels and outlet 10 and 11, made in housing 1. On axis 5 there is rotary cheek 4. On shaft 8 is movably located piston 7.EFFECT: group of inventions is aimed at improving performance.7 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The group of inventions, Rotary machine (options) (RM), relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to rotary machines, pumps, hydraulic motors and motors, can find application in hydraulic drives of rotational motion.

From the "prior art", the closest analogue (prototype) according to the first embodiment, known Rotor-blade machine (options), patent RU 2632635, published 06.10.2017, Bull. No. 28, in which, according to the fourth version (independent 4th point), the radar control system comprises a fixed housing with an axis on which a rotor rotates, connected to an eccentrically located additional axis (additional axis), around which the blades are movably located, inside the rotor there is a working the chamber having a working inner section with a piston shaft fixed to the blades, while the inner section has a feed channel and an exhaust channel made in the housing.

From the "prior art", the closest analogue (prototype) according to the second embodiment, the Rotor-blade machine (options), patent RU 2626186, published July 24, 2017, Bull. No. 21, in which, according to the fourth version (independent 4th point), the radar control system comprises a fixed housing with an axis on which a rotor rotates, connected to an eccentrically located additional axis, around which the blades are movably located, inside the rotor there is a working chamber having a working inner section and a piston with a movable piston shaft attached to the blade, while the inner section has a feed channel passing through the piston shaft, and the exhaust channel is made in the housing.

The technical problem, the solution of which is provided when implementing or using the Group of inventions, is that, in the prototypes with a large number of blades, there is a violation of the sealing of the inner section due to a decrease in the sector of the circle occupied by each blade. In prototypes, the blades in cross section occupy a large (enlarged) sector of the circle necessary to ensure sealing of the inner section, in addition, the piston is located on the blades with an offset.

The group of inventions solves the problem of violation of the sealing of the working chamber, available in these prototypes.

In addition, the Group of inventions makes it possible to change the operational characteristics of the machine by making minor changes in the size and relative position of the parts, depending on customer requirements.

Also, the device has increased efficiency and reduced pneumohydraulic and mechanical losses compared to prototypes.

In the proposed Group of inventions, the sealing of the inner section is provided, located on the additional axis of the rotor cheek, and / or the piston, and / or the carriage attached to the piston, in addition, changing the characteristics with changes in size, the sealing is provided by an elongated piston and / or elongated carriage .

Conventions adopted in the description of the Group of inventions:

1. Rotor cheek - a side flat part (for example, a sheet of material of a given thickness) located on the additional axis and adjacent to the rotor in which the working chambers (having an internal section) are located, to ensure sealing by the working internal section during the working cycle, and having the form: a) disk - provides sealing around the entire circumference (statically or with the possibility of rotation); b) the shape of the sector of the circle - sealing is provided only in the sector of the working cycle (for example, in the dynamics of the Republic of Moldova, as an engine, with a static rotor cheek, in the sector of the exhaust medium, the sealing of the inner section is not necessary, as a result, cooling of the rotor with the working chamber is improved and reduced material costs and weight of the RM).

2. An elongated piston is a piston increased in size along the working chamber to ensure sealing of the working inner section, with the goal and result: a) the radius of the rotor cheek is reduced (as a result, material costs and weight are reduced, and the inertial mass of rotation is reduced); b) the overlap of the planes (area) of the piston and the rotor cheek is increased (as a result, the sealing of the inner section improves).

3. Elongated carriage - a carriage enlarged along the working chamber to ensure sealing of the working inner section, with the goal and result: a) the radius of the rotor cheek is reduced (as a result, material costs and weight are reduced, and the inertial mass of rotation is also reduced); b) the overlap of the planes (area) of the carriage and the rotor cheek is increased, (as a result, the sealing of the inner section improves).

In selecting the radius of the rotor cheek (limited by the piston shaft), it is also necessary to solve the problem of possible depressurization of that part of the section that the rotor cheek does not capture. The piston and the carriage may extend beyond the radius of the rotor cheek, making oscillatory rotations around the piston shaft.

To solve this problem, an elongated piston and / or an elongated carriage are provided. They can be used at the same time, or only one of them, depending on the requirements for the operational properties of the machine. Depending on the requirements for operation, possible solutions to the problem of depressurization of the working inner section, for example:

1. The increased radius of the rotor cheek and the piston (and / or carriage).

2. A small radius of the rotor cheek and an elongated piston (and / or elongated carriage).

3. The dimensions of the rotor cheek and piston (and / or carriage) are selected so that the maximum overlap of the rotor cheek with the elongated piston (and / or elongated carriage) increases.

The most tight is the third option, and the larger the area of mutual overlap, the better the sealing of the section.

Such a solution to the technical problem, when implementing or using the Group of Inventions, provides sealing of the working inner section, regardless of the number of blades and the sector of the circle occupied by each blade. Thus, the improvement of operational characteristics is provided with a decrease in pneumohydraulic and mechanical losses and an increase in the efficiency of the device.

Disclosure of the Group of inventions.

The technical result of the Group of inventions to improve performance is achieved by the fact that:

- provides sealing of the inner section located on the auxiliary axle with a rotary cheek (with a radius to the piston shaft).

- the number of working chambers and blades increases, without violating the sealing of the working internal sections during the execution of the working cycle.

- the size of the blade decreases (decreases to a size sufficient for the location (fixing) of the piston, as a result of which the inertial mass of rotation decreases

- when the working cycle of the inner section is performed, the blades are affected by the tensile force (there are no forces causing bending), thereby reducing the blade thickness and the inertial mass of rotation.

- the width (increase in the occupied sector of the circle) of the working chamber increases, as a result of: a) the rotor thickness decreases and the inertial mass of rotation decreases to preserve the volume of the working chamber (working inner section); b) while maintaining the thickness of the rotor, the volume of the working chamber increases, that is, the volume of the working inner section and the surface area of the piston, which receives working pressure and creates torque, as a result, the power characteristic of the PM increases with the same external dimensions.

- when performing a working stroke of the inner section, the pressure on the piston increases under the influence of the centrifugal force of the mass of the working medium, leading to an increase in the power of the PM.

- improved cooling of the working chamber through the rotor cheek, as it reduces the sector of the circle occupied by the blade.

- the rotor cheek is rotatable, as a result, the cooling efficiency increases, provided by the transition from the sector of the working cycle (maximum dynamic loads) to the ejection sector (minimum dynamic loads).

- the additional axis is made with the possibility of rotation, as a result, the friction of the rotating parts on the additional axis decreases, and also between the rotor cheek and the rotor - the friction of the RM parts decreases.

The technical result to improve performance in options.

1. The technical result and features of the first option:

- on the first special occasion. With a static rotor cheek, having the shape of a circle sector, in the exhaust sector, the sealing of the inner section is not necessary, as a result, cooling of the rotor with the working chamber is improved;

- on the second special occasion. The rotor cheek is rotatable, as a result, its cooling efficiency increases;

- on the third special occasion. To reduce the frictional forces of the movably arranged blades, as well as between the rotor cheek and the rotor, the additional axis is rotatable.

2. The technical result and features of the second option:

- on the first special occasion. With a static rotor cheek, having the shape of a circle sector, in the exhaust sector, the sealing of the inner section is not necessary, as a result, cooling of the rotor with the working chamber is improved;

- on the second special occasion. The rotor cheek is rotatable, as a result, its cooling efficiency increases;

- on the third special occasion. To reduce the frictional forces of the movably arranged blades, as well as between the rotor cheek and the rotor, the additional axis is rotatable.

The essence of the group of inventions.

The technical result according to the first embodiment is provided in a rotary machine containing a fixed housing with an axis on which the rotor rotates, connected to an eccentrically located additional axis around which the blades are movably located, inside the rotor there is a working chamber having a working internal section with a piston shaft located on the blades, the inner section has a feed channel and a tap channel made in the housing, characterized in that the rotor cheek is located on the additional axis, and on the piston Alu the piston is movably located.

In addition, the rotor cheek has the shape of a circle sector.

In addition, the rotor cheek is rotatable.

In addition, the additional axis is rotatable.

The technical result according to the second embodiment is provided in a rotary machine comprising a fixed housing with an axis on which the rotor rotates, connected to an eccentrically located additional axis, around which the blades are movably located, inside the rotor there is a working chamber having a working internal section and a piston with a movable piston shaft attached to the blade, while the inner section has a feed channel passing through the piston shaft, and the tap channel is made in the housing, characterized in that on additional th rotary axis located cheek.

In addition, the rotor cheek has the shape of a circle sector. In addition, the rotor cheek is rotatable. In addition, the additional axis is rotatable.

A brief description of the drawings.

The general notation in the figures:

- the number of blades in the figures should not be considered as the proposed number by the Group of Inventions, but should be considered as an example of the arrangement of elements in a certain sector of the circle of rotation relative to each other;

- rotation on all figures is accepted - clockwise;

- designated elements with a dashed line including the rotation arrow are shown conditionally to determine the position of the rotating element relative to the static element.

FIG. 1. RM according to the first embodiment, a schematic diagram of the main parts in a perspective view;

FIG. 2. RM according to the first embodiment, a longitudinal section; indicated: sections aa, bb, bb;

FIG. 3. RM according to the first embodiment, a cross-sectional view of section AA;

FIG. 4. RM according to the first embodiment, a cross section of the section BB;

FIG. 5. RM according to the first embodiment, a cross-sectional view of the section BB;

FIG. 6. RM according to the second option, a schematic diagram of the main parts in a perspective view;

FIG. 7. RM according to the second embodiment, a longitudinal section; indicated: sections G-D, D-D, E-E;

FIG. 8. RM according to the second embodiment, a cross-sectional view of the section G-G;

FIG. 9. RM according to the second embodiment, a cross section of the section DD;

FIG. 10. RM according to the second embodiment, a cross section of a cross-section EE;

The illustrations show the following features:

1. housing;

2. axis;

3. rotor;

4. rotary cheek;

5. additional axis (additional axis);

6. blade;

7. piston;

8. piston shaft;

9. working chamber;

10. feed channel;

11. channel tap;

12. inner section.

13. carriage;

14. rotation stabilizer;

15. external device.

16. piston channel;

The implementation of the group of inventions.

Description of the Rotary Machine (RM) according to the first embodiment (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5).

The PM contains a fixed housing 1 with an axis 2, on which ext. axis 5. On axis 2 is a rotating rotor 3. On add. axis 5 of the blade is movably located 6. On the blade 6 is mounted a piston shaft 8 on which the piston 7 is movably located with the carriage 13 (or without it). Inside the rotor 3 there is a working chamber 9 in which the passing piston shaft 8 with the movable piston 7 forms and the working internal section 12 is formed (formed, created, created). The eccentric arrangement of the auxiliary axle 5 relative to the axis 2 and rotor 3, as well as the movable fixing of the blades 6 relative to the auxiliary axis 5, axis 2 and rotor 3 provides during the rotation of the blades 6 the change in the volume of the inner section 12 from maximum to minimum during rotation around the circle. To ensure the sealing of the inner section 12 on the auxiliary axle 5, a rotor cheek 4 is located. The carriage 13 is fixed with the piston 7, positioning it in the working chamber 9 and preventing friction during the working cycle. In the housing 1, feed channels 10 and outlet 11 are made, with which the inner section 12 is connected in series. The blades 6 are interconnected by springy parts forming a rotation stabilizer 14. The rotor 3 interacts with an external device 15 for the consumer.

The dynamics of the rotary machine in the first embodiment (PM) (Fig. 1, 2, 3,4, 5).

PM as an engine.

The acceleration of the rotor 3 together with the blades 6 is carried out from an external starter (not shown in the figures). The working mixture is fed into the inner section 12 through the feed channel 10 located in the sector of reduced volume (see Fig. 4, dotted line in pos. 10). The rotor 3, turning, provides compression of the mixture. The compressed mixture is transferred to the area where the spark plug constantly sparks in the ignition chamber, ignition and combustion with expansion of the gas occur, creating working pressure. Under the influence of working pressure on the piston 7, the blade 6 and the rotor 3 are rotated, a torque is created, which is removed by an external device 15 for the consumer. There is a working move. The waste medium is removed through the exhaust channel 11. For one revolution of the rotor 3, the inner sections 12 located in the working chambers 9 inside the rotor 3 are moved, sequentially carrying out the processes of intake, compression, combustion, expansion and exhaust, making up a four-cycle cycle, which ensures a constant working stroke.

PM as a hydraulic or air motor.

Through the feed channel 10, passing along the volume expansion sector, into the inner section 12, passing the minimum volume sector, a working medium is supplied under pressure, forcing the section to expand.

8, as a result, the piston 7 is set in motion by turning the blade 6 and the rotor 3, and a torque is created, which is removed by the external device 15 for the consumer. There is a working move. In the compression sector of the inner section 12, the waste medium under pressure exits through the exhaust channel 11. PM as a pump.

From the external device 15, a torque is supplied to the rotor 3, which leads to the rotation of the blade 6 through the piston 7. As a result, the volume (increase) of the inner section 12 changes. The process of suction of the working medium through the feed channel 10, passing through the volume expansion sector. With a subsequent change in volume (decrease) of the inner section 12, the process of pumping the working medium through the outlet channel 11. There is a working stroke. In each inner section 12, a simultaneous suction and discharge workflow is provided over the entire circumference of rotation. In the presence of several internal sections 12, the processes of suction and discharge are continuous.

The blades 6 have spring mechanisms that form a rotation stabilizer 14. For the effective use of the inertial rotation of the PM elements, the springs, compressing, accumulate the accelerated rotation of the blades 6 and release compressed energy by stretching with increasing rotation speed, distributing variable angular acceleration, reduce vibration and minimize losses, due to uneven angular rotation.

Description of the Rotary Machine (RM) according to the second embodiment (Fig. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10).

The PM contains a fixed housing 1 with an axis 2, on which ext. axis 5. On axis 2 is a rotating rotor 3. On add. the axis 5 is movably arranged blades 6. On the blade 6 is mounted a piston shaft 8 on which the piston 7 and the carriage 13 are movably located. Inside the rotor 3 there is a working chamber 9 in which the piston shaft 8 and the piston 7 pass, with the formation of the working inner section 12. Eccentric arrangement add. axis 5 relative to axis 2 and rotor 3, as well as the movable fixing of the blades 6 relative to add. axis 5, axis 2 and rotor 3 provides during the rotation of the blades 6, the change in the volume of the inner section 12 from maximum to minimum, rotating around the circumference. To ensure the sealing of the inner section 12 on the auxiliary axle 5, there is a rotor cheek 4. The carriage 13, fixed to the piston 7, positions it with the piston shaft 8 in the working chamber 9, preventing friction during the working cycle, and also prevents the piston 7 from oscillating rotations the piston shaft 8. The piston 7 has a piston channel 16, which during the working cycle communicates with the working inner section 12 and the feed channel 10 passing through the piston shaft 8. This condition is provided by the dynamics of the change in position, between (see fi d. 8): a) uniform rotation: rotor 3, piston 7, piston channel 16, inner section 12 and b) uneven rotation: piston shaft 8 with feed channel 10, mounted on the blades 5. The inner section 12 has a tap channel 11 made in the housing 1. The blades 6 are interconnected by springy parts forming a rotation stabilizer 14. The rotor 3 interacts with an external device 15 for the consumer.

The dynamics of the rotary machine in the second embodiment (PM) (Fig. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10).

PM as an engine.

From an external source, the working pressure enters the feed channel 10, passing inside the piston shaft 8, mounted on the blades 5. In the expansion sector of the volume of the inner section 12, the feed channel 10 intersects with the piston channel 16, and the working mixture is pressurized into the inner section 12, forcing section to expand. As a result, the piston 7 comes into motion, turning the blade 6 and the rotor 3, creates a torque that is removed by an external device 15 for the consumer. There is a working move. In the compression sector of the inner section 12, the spent medium under pressure exits through the outlet channel 11.

PM as a pump.

From the external device 15, torque is supplied to the rotor 3, which leads to the rotation of the blade 6 through the piston 7. As a result, the volume of the inner section 12 changes. In the expansion sector of the volume of the inner section 12, the supply channel 10 intersects with the piston channel 16 and the working mixture is sucked through a feed channel 10 to the inner section 12 of an expanding volume. With a subsequent change in volume (decrease) of the inner section 12, the process of pumping the working medium through the outlet channel 11. There is a working stroke. In each inner section 12, a simultaneous suction and discharge workflow is provided over the entire circumference of rotation. In the presence of several internal sections 12, the processes of suction and discharge are continuous.

The blades 6 have spring mechanisms that form a rotation stabilizer 14. For the effective use of the inertial rotation of the PM elements, the springs, compressing, accumulate the accelerated rotation of the blades 6 and release compressed energy by stretching with increasing rotation speed, distributing variable angular acceleration, reduce vibration and minimize losses, due to uneven angular rotation.

Claims (8)

1. A rotary machine comprising a fixed housing with an axis on which the rotor rotates, connected to an eccentrically located additional axis around which the blades are movably located, inside the rotor there is a working chamber having a working internal section with a piston shaft located on the blades, while the inner the section has a feed channel and a tap channel made in the housing, characterized in that the rotor cheek is located on the additional axis, and the piston is movably located on the piston shaft. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary cheek has the shape of a circle sector. 3. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary cheek is rotatable. 4. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional axis is rotatable. 5. A rotary machine comprising a fixed housing with an axis on which the rotor rotates, connected to an eccentrically located additional axis around which the blades are movably located, inside the rotor there is a working chamber having a working internal section and a piston with a movable piston shaft attached to the blades, wherein the inner section has a feed channel passing through the piston shaft, and the tap channel is made in the housing, characterized in that the rotor cheek is located on the additional axis. 6. The machine according to p. 5, characterized in that the rotary cheek has the shape of a circle sector. 7. The machine according to p. 5, characterized in that the rotary cheek is made to rotate. 8. The machine according to p. 5, characterized in that the additional axis is rotatable.

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