RU2672073C2 - Complex device for well surveying - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: geophysics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to geophysical engineering and can be used to conduct hydrothermodynamic studies of seams and, mainly, steam injection wells, in particular, to clarify the geological and hydrodynamic model of the reservoir and reservoir, to control the productivity of the wells. Complex device made in the form of a vertically elongated housing in which a temperature sensor is placed, a pressure sensor and a locator of continuity connected to a geophysical cable, which is made possible via a cable head in the upper part of the signal transmission housing from the temperature sensor, pressure sensor and continuity locator to an external geophysical logger. And, as a pressure sensor, a string sensor with an open input is used, a string sensor with a closed input filled with a high-temperature liquid in a mixture with an inert gas is used as a temperature sensor, and in string sensors, the right and left parts of the cylinders are made with diameters differing by 2 mm, and the axes of the cylinders are displaced relative to each other by 1–2 mm, while the string pressure sensor has a string thickness of 0.22 mm, a string temperature sensor has a diameter of 0.24 mm, and their body and tightening strings are made of a single piece.

EFFECT: increased accuracy with simultaneous expansion of functionality of the complex device.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to geophysical engineering and can be used to conduct hydrothermodynamic studies of formations and, mainly, steam injection wells, in particular, to clarify the geological and hydrodynamic model of a reservoir and reservoir, control of well productivity, etc.

A well-known complete device for researching wells [RU 2442891 C1, EV 47/00, 02/20/2016], made with the possibility of descent into the wellbore on a wireline and containing a cylindrical body, a lever centralizer, a centering device along the axis of the well, a fluid flow temperature sensor and flow indicator located on the axis of the device, as well as fluid composition sensors located on the levers of the centralizer and distributed along the perimeter of the wellbore, and an additional fluid composition sensor is located on the axis of the device, the centralizer has at least it has at least six levers, each of which has at least one additional fluid flow temperature sensor and at least one additional inflow temperature indicator distributed along the perimeter of the wellbore in line with the composition sensors parallel to the axis of the device, while the device in the tail section is equipped with additional upper linkage centralizer.

The disadvantage of this device is the relatively narrow functionality.

In addition, a comprehensive downhole tool is known [RU 2292571 C1, G01V 5/12, 01/27/2007], comprising a composite housing in which sensors are installed locator couplings (LM), gamma-ray logging (GK), pressure (P), temperature ( T), a moisture meter (W), a thermoconductive flow meter (STI) and a resistivity meter (RI), with the sensors GK, LM and R being sequentially placed from top to bottom in the sealed part of the composite housing, the sensitive membrane of the sensor P being connected to the environment by a hydraulic conduit , and in the sealed cavities of the leaky part of the composite corps - sensors T, W, STI and RI, and the sensors T and W are located in one place and offset relative to the longitudinal axis of the device at equal distances.

The disadvantage of this device is also the relatively narrow functionality.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is a comprehensive downhole tool [RU 2495241 C2, ЕВВ 47/00, 10/10/2013], containing a composite housing connected to the geophysical logger via a geophysical cable, which is lowered to this cable through tubing to the bottom wells and in which sensors of the locator of couplings (LM), gamma-ray logging (GC), pressure (P), temperature (T), moisture meter (W), thermoconductive flowmeter (STI) and resistivity meter (RI) are placed, placed sequentially from top to bottom, in sealed part of the composite housing - sensors GK, LM and R, the sensitive membrane of the sensor P being connected to the environment by a hydraulic conduit, and in the sealed cavities of the leaky part of the composite housing - sensors T, W, STI and RI, and the sensors T and W are offset relative to the longitudinal axis of the device at equal distances and are installed in the housing, on which two pairs of mutually perpendicular, through-windows of different widths are provided, provided with transverse jumpers, and the device is equipped with a flowmeter module comprising a centralizer, a shank, a housing and a turbine mounted along the axis of the casing with sensors of revolutions and direction of rotation, while a force sensor F is installed in the upper part of the device, a docking unit with a clamp and a double-joint mutually perpendicular conductive unit with axial displacement of the rotation axes relative to the longitudinal axis of the device are installed between the device and the flowmeter module, and the device equipped with a volumetric module or a moisture meter (W), or a thermal moisture meter (TW), or a viscometer (B).

The disadvantage of the closest technical solution is the relatively low accuracy of the measurements, caused by the relatively low accuracy of measuring instruments operating at high temperatures, and the relatively narrow functionality caused by the relatively low load-carrying capacity of the cable, which does not allow the device to be used at depths, usually more than 1800 m

The problem, which is solved in a utility model, is the creation of a comprehensive device for the study of mainly steam injection wells with wider functionality and higher accuracy.

The required technical result is to increase accuracy while expanding the functionality.

The problem is solved, and the required technical result is achieved by the fact that in a device made in the form of a vertically elongated housing, which houses a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a continuity locator connected to a geophysical cable, which is made through a cable head in the upper part of the housing the transmission of signals from a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a continuity locator to an external geophysical logger, according to a utility model, use strings as a pressure sensor open-input sensor, a string sensor with a closed entrance filled with a high-temperature liquid mixed with an inert gas is used as a temperature sensor, and for the string sensors, the right and left parts of the cylinders are made with diameters different by 2 mm, and the cylinder axes are offset relative to each other 1-2 mm, while the string pressure sensor has a thickness of 0.22 mm, the string temperature sensor 0.24 mm, and their body and tightening strings are made from a single piece.

In addition, the required technical result is achieved by the fact that the string pressure and temperature sensors are made of steel 29N26KHBTYu-VI.

In addition, the required technical result is achieved by the fact that as a geophysical cable, a single-core cable with two coils with a breaking strength of 2400 kgf is used.

In addition, the required technical result is achieved in that in a mixture of a high-temperature liquid with an inert gas, either SOFEXIL-HOA or PFMS-6 polymethylsiloxane ether is used as a high-temperature liquid, and nitrogen in the volume of 17.4-17.5% of the mixture volume is used as an inert gas.

The drawing shows a comprehensive device for well research.

In the drawing are indicated:

1 - pressure sensor block;

2 - temperature sensor unit;

3 - continuity locator;

4 - adapter to the weighting agent;

5 - filter;

6 - pressure sensor;

7 - excitation coils;

8 - temperature sensor;

9 - spring;

10 - magnets;

11 - block sealing;

12 - an epiploon;

13 - geophysical cable;

14 - pressure seal;

15 - cable head.

A comprehensive device for researching wells is made in the form of a vertically elongated housing, in which a temperature sensor 8, a pressure sensor 6 and a continuity locator 3 are connected to a geophysical cable 13, which is configured to transmit signals from the sensor 8 through the cable head 15 in the upper part of the housing temperature, pressure sensor 6 and continuity locator 3 to an external geophysical logger.

A feature of the proposed device is that as a pressure sensor 6 use a string sensor with an open input, as a temperature sensor 8 use a string sensor with a closed input filled with a high-temperature liquid mixed with an inert gas, and for the string sensors the right and left parts of the cylinders with diameters different by 2 mm, and the axis of the cylinders offset from each other by 1-2 mm, while the string pressure sensor has a thickness of 0.22 mm for the string temperature sensor 0.2 4 mm, and their body and tightening strings are made from a single piece.

In addition, additional features of the device include the fact that pressure sensors are made of 29N26KKHBTY-VI steel, a single-core cable with two coils with a breaking strength of 2400 kgf is used as a geophysical cable, and in a mixture of a high-temperature liquid with an inert gas, or SOFEXIL-HOA or PFMS-6 polymethylsiloxane ether, and nitrogen as an inert gas in the volume of 17.4-17.5% of the mixture volume.

A comprehensive device for researching wells is used as follows.

A comprehensive device for researching wells is mainly used for researching production and injection wells with a depth of 1,600 m and above with abnormally high formation temperatures, as well as wells subjected to steam and gas or steam treatment.

A comprehensive device for researching wells is designed to clarify the geological and hydrodynamic model of a reservoir and reservoir, in particular, to determine the type of reservoir, to determine the reservoir properties of the reservoir and to assess their changes in area and time, to establish the nature of the dependence of the filtration properties on the bottomhole pressure, and to evaluate the hydrodynamic communication over the reservoir and identification of impermeable boundaries.

In addition, the device allows monitoring the productivity of wells, in particular, monitoring the condition of the bottom-hole zone of wells, making a selection of candidate wells for work to increase their productivity and evaluating the technological effectiveness of methods of influencing the bottom-hole zone and formation.

The device can be used to analyze the operating modes of wells in order to optimize them, select the method of operation and calculation of elevators, to control the energy state of deposits according to measurements and hydrodynamic modeling, to prepare information on the results of hydrodynamic studies for mathematical modeling, design and monitoring of oil field development .

When combined with gas and steam and thermal effects on the formation and the bottom-hole zone of wells, in addition, the tasks of determining the parameters of the coolant pumped into the well (temperature and pressure at the wellhead, bottom, degree of dryness of the steam at the bottom, calculation of heat loss), determining the intervals of absorption of the coolant in the perforation interval, calculating the amount of coolant entering at different intervals, determining the technical condition of the injection column (when injecting steam), as well as other tasks related to the control m mining using thermal steam, combined cycle and thermal gas methods.

The pressure transducer is a Bourdon loop made together with a tightening string of one material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The principle of operation of the string transducer is to change the natural oscillations of the tightening string from its tension, which is proportional to the pressure. The measurement is carried out as follows: current pulses are applied to the excitation coil with a certain frequency, which excite the vibrations of the string, which leads to oscillations in the coil, which are decrypted and converted into pressure by recording equipment. String pressure and temperature sensors are tuned to different natural resonant frequencies. Changes in pressure change the resonant frequency of the string pressure sensor (open input), and changes in temperature change the resonant frequency of the temperature sensor (closed input), which is recorded by a geophysical recorder, which, in turn, with a high-voltage pulse of a duration equal to the resonant frequency, excites damped oscillations of the tightening strings sensors. The duration of the excitation pulse should automatically adjust to the resonant frequencies of the string sensors. The repetition time of the excitation pulses for different resonant frequencies occur every 5 seconds. The oscillation frequencies of the tightening strings are determined by the geophysical recorder from several undistorted vibrations and are then converted into engineering physical units of pressure. The first vibrations of the tightening strings are always distorted. To avoid measurement errors, the first 100 frequency periods are skipped because they will be distorted, an impulse is formed from the next 100 periods, the duration of which is measured in microseconds. Since the oscillation frequency generated by the pressure sensor non-linearly depends on the pressure change, the entire range of measured values is divided into a certain number of linear sections that provide the necessary measurement error.

The continuity locator 3 is an inductor placed on a permanent magnet, and serves to observe the path of the device in the borehole channel and to bind the complex device in depth. The principle of operation of the locator is based on recording changes in the magnetic field of the coil due to the influence of changes in the continuity of the string of pipe pipes (couplings, perforations, etc.).

A comprehensive device for researching wells measures pressure and temperature along the wellbore, performs continuity and transmits the received information via a single-wire communication line inside the geophysical cable, which also functions as a load-carrying cable, to an electronic unit (recorder) located on the surface for subsequent conversion to a standard an electrical signal and registration through appropriate measurement and processing channels to ensure, in particular, for the purpose of visual display on the monitor to computer and save data in electronic form for further processing. It is possible to use a three-wire communication line, for example, using a KG3x0.75-60-260 cable (diameter 10.25 mm), which will greatly simplify ground equipment, but will complicate the design and success of cable sealing at the wellhead. In addition, an ejection force equal to 82.5 kgf (for a cable with a diameter of 5.6 mm - 45 kg) will act on a cable with a diameter of 10.25 mm, already at a pressure of 10 MPa at the wellhead, which will require an increase in the weight of the load. Given that the packer’s bore, as a rule, is not more than 60 mm, a large height of the lubricator and the complexity of refueling the device will be required. Therefore, the option of using a single-wire line is considered the main one. However, when working in an open trunk, a three-core cable can also be used.

A comprehensive device for researching wells, after complete assembly and connection to the cable, is charged into the lubricator, and after sealing the cable entry into the lubricator, the iodine pressure is taken by opening the lubricator valve.

Secondary equipment is turned on, the resistance of complex devices relative to the ground is measured, if this resistance is lower than the regulated values of the devices, it rises, if it is higher or equal, the measurements are started. The pulse generator sends pulses with a size of several microseconds through the pressure conductor 14 to the string pressure sensor 6, to the string temperature sensor 8 and the continuity locator 3. The pulse in the continuity locator 3 decays due to the large inductance. The pulse on the pressure gauge of the temperature sensor 8 leads to the oscillation of the strings, which oscillate with their own frequency and return for interpretation. The natural frequency of the pressure sensor 6 and the temperature sensor 8 is 400-500 and 500-600 Hz, respectively. When decoding, the first and last hundred oscillations are discarded and an averaged array is formed, from which pressure and temperature are determined. The difference between the oscillations of the pressure sensor 6 and the temperature sensor 8 is organized by the difference in the thickness of the strings 0.22-0.24 mm, respectively.

The string pressure sensor 6, the string temperature sensor 8 and the continuity locator 3 are connected in parallel to a single-core cable, for example KTl1x0.75 - 30-260 (diameter 5.6 mm). For string pressure and temperature sensors, the left and right parts of the cylinders have different diameters. So, for example, the right side has a diameter of 20 mm, and the left side - 22 mm. This creates a condition for greater bending of the right side and additional tensile force on the string. In addition, the axes of the cylinders are offset relative to each other by 1-2 mm, which when exposed to pressure creates an additional moment that stretches the string, and, as a result, increases the sensitivity of the sensors.

Thus, thanks to improvements of the known device, the required technical result is achieved, which consists in increasing accuracy while expanding the functionality.

Claims (4)

1. A comprehensive device for researching wells, made in the form of a vertically elongated body, which houses a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a continuity locator connected to a geophysical cable, which is configured to transmit signals from a temperature sensor through a cable head pressure and continuity locator to an external geophysical logger, characterized in that a string sensor with an open input is used as a pressure sensor, as a temperature sensor We use a string sensor with a closed entrance filled with a high-temperature liquid mixed with inert gas, and for the string sensors, the right and left parts of the cylinders are made with diameters different by 2 mm, and the cylinder axes are offset by 1-2 mm relative to each other, while the string pressure gauge has a thickness of 0.22 mm for the string pressure gauge, 0.24 mm for the string temperature gauge, and their body and tightening strings are made from a single piece. 2. The complex device according to claim 1, characterized in that the string pressure and temperature sensors are made of steel 29N26KKHBTYu-VI. 3. The complex device according to claim 1, characterized in that as a geophysical cable, a single-core cable with two coils with a breaking strength of 2400 kgf is used. 4. The complex device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the mixture of a high-temperature liquid with an inert gas, either SOFEXIL-TSZh or PFMS-6 polymethylsiloxane ether is used as a high-temperature liquid, and nitrogen in the volume of 17.4-17.5% of inert gas volume of the mixture.

Images