RU2672019C1 - Microsurgeon chair - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medical technology and serves to locate a physician during microsurgical operations. Working chair of the microsurgeon contains a base, a support-rotary mechanism, a seat, armrests and a footboard. Base is provided with rollers and retractable supports, as well as an integrated rotary carriage, moving radially relative to the axis of rotation on the rollers. Support-rotary mechanism consists of a support block, a cylinder with guides fixed on it, a movable sleeve, an electromechanism of adjusting the seat height. Seat has a height-adjustable headrest and a built-in additional folding backrest. Armrest consists of a telescopic stand mounted on the lower support assembly. Upper support assembly with the supporting plate of the forearm is located on the movable part of the telescopic column. Inside the telescopic rack there is a hydraulic movement locking mechanism that fixes the position of the movable part of the column and the upper support assembly. Lower support assembly allows to tilt the forearm restraint in two planes. Footrest is mounted in the guides of the pivot mechanism and connected to the seat by means of an electromechanical adjustment of the step height relative to the seat.EFFECT: technical result is alleviation of the physical load of the microsurgeon.1 cl, 12 dwg

Description

The device relates to medical equipment and serves to accommodate a doctor during microsurgical operations.

The microsurgeon’s working chair is designed for neurosurgeons, cardiac surgeons and ophthalmologists. Doctors of these specialties often perform hours-long operations during which it is required to keep their hands on the weight for many hours in a row, observing the operating area under a microscope. At the same time, doctors experience increased nervous tension.

An analogue of the invention is "Surgical chair" according to the author's certificate of the USSR No. 1228851, publ. 05/07/86, Bull. Number 17.

The chair contains a base on wheels, armrests, a foot support, a drive for raising the seat, a rotary-brake mechanism in the form of a friction clutch with a screw-nut gear, retractable bearings with a cam mechanism and a pedal. The chair is equipped with a back with a telescopic bar and a latch for changing the vertical position of the back, as well as a retractable bar with a latch for changing the horizontal position of the back and a screw mechanism for changing the position of the angle of inclination and the height of the leg support.

The chair is operated as follows. During the operation, the surgeon is placed in a chair. To ensure convenience, the surgeon performs the following manipulations. Raising and lowering the seat is carried out by the lift drive when the toggle switch is turned on or by a remote button. The drive is powered by mains or battery. To set the armrests in a comfortable position, use telescopic rods and clips. To change the position of the backrest vertically unscrew the latch and lengthen or shorten the telescopic rods. The operation of the rotary-brake mechanism is carried out by rotation of the handle, and the position of the foot support is controlled by a screw mechanism. The position of the backrest is changed using a pull-out bar (by turning the handle), and the chair is locked in the selected position by depressing the pedal and extending it until the support contacts the floor.

The disadvantages of the device as. USSR No. 1228851 can include the following:

1) the armrests can be adjusted to a comfortable (working) position only in one plane, i.e. height and angle;

2) the adjustment of the armrests and changing the position of the backrest in the depth of the seat during the operation is possible only with the help of the operating staff;

3) the design of the armrests allows operations to be performed only in the "sitting at the table" position in the area of a limited surgical field.

The closest analogue of the invention is the "balancer chair" according to US patent No. 5927815, publ. 07/27/99.

The chair contains a base equipped with rollers, made in the form of a footrest foot support, seat 1 and articulated supporting levers designed to support the hands of a person sitting in a chair. The supporting levers are located symmetrically on both sides of the chair body and consist of two levers 3 and 5 pivotally connected to each other. The electro-hydraulic drive 14 serves to fix the position of the levers 3 and 5 relative to the chair body and each other. At the lower end of the first lever 3, a first spherical element 7 is mounted, and at its upper end, a second spherical element 8, by means of which the levers 3 and 5 are articulated with each other for rotation relative to each other. Between the first 7 and second 8 spherical elements there is a locking spindle 9 with a very small travel, closing the rotation of the levers 3 and 5 on the spherical elements 7 and 8. When moving in the longitudinal direction, a cylinder 16 is located at the lower end of the lever 3, the piston 11b of which is constantly pressed spring 12. The first lever 3 can move on the first spherical element 7 when the piston moves as a result of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure towards the lower end of the first lever, overcoming the force of the spring. The second lever 5 at its distal end is provided with an element 20 for supporting the hands of a seated person.

For example, in the normal position, the spring, resting on the first spherical element 7, exerts a force in the direction of the lower end of the first lever 3 so that the locking spindle 9, resting on the first spherical element, transfers the force to the second spherical element 8. As a result, the first spherical element reliably sandwiched between the locking spindle and the lower end of the first lever, thereby blocking the free rotation of the first and second spherical elements. As a result, the articulated support arm reliably holds the hands of a person sitting in a chair.

The disadvantages of the "Balancing chair" according to US patent No. 5927815 include the following:

1) the design of the chair allows you to perform operations only in the "sitting at the table" position in the area of accessibility of the surgeon's hands;

2) there is no possibility of turning the chair around a vertical axis passing through the surgical field;

3) fixation of the forearm on the upper arm eliminates the possibility of instant changes in the position of the hands in the course of an arising operational need.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the work and psychological load of the surgeon during operations requiring increased accuracy of microsurgical manipulations of the doctor’s hands on small biological structures. The invention is aimed at solving the problem of alleviating physical exertion for those who operate, keeping their hands on weight.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the microsurgeon’s working chair contains a base on wheels, a leg support, a seat with a back and identical mechanisms for supporting and fixing the surgeon’s hands in a selected position along the tilt angle in the directions “from you - to yourself” and to the sides . The mentioned mechanisms include support racks and armrests interconnected by means of the upper spherical unit, while the racks are connected to the seat of the chair using the lower spherical unit. In addition, the chair is equipped with a hydraulic lifting and swiveling mechanism, the back of the seat is equipped with an additional back, and the base is made in the form of a hollow platform with a built-in carriage made in the form of a triangular design of two pipes connected by a platform. At the site there is a lifting and swinging mechanism with a foot support fixed on it, made in the form of two feet, while the support posts are made telescopic.

Thus, a seated person no longer needs to maintain the weight of his hands, physical activity during hours of surgical operations is minimized, and the area of microsurgical interventions expands.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the chair; FIG. 2 - the position of the microsurgeon in the chair for various types of operations, FIG. 3 - chair (side view), in Fig.4 - chair (front view), in Fig. 5 - chair (top view), in FIG. 6 is a top view of the rotation of the chair around the axis of the surgical field, FIG. 7 - base (top view), in FIG. 8 - rotary support mechanism, in FIG. 9 - a seat with a constant inclined backrest and a tiltable working backrest integrated in it with angle adjustment, in FIG. 10 - armrest, in FIG. 11 - footboard (side view and top view).

The microsurgeon’s working chair contains a base 1, a slewing-rotary mechanism 2, a seat 3, armrests 4, a footrest 5 (Fig. 1). The base 1 is equipped with piano-type rollers 6 and extendable bearings 7 and 8 (Figs. 3 and 5), as well as an integrated rotary carriage 9 (Fig. 7) that moves radially relative to the axis of rotation 10 on the rollers 11. In the extreme positions, the carriage is limited stops 12 (Fig 7). The rotary support mechanism 2 consists of a support block 13, a cylinder 14 with guides 15, 16 fixed thereon, a movable sleeve 17, a seat height adjustment mechanism 18, brake pads 19 (Fig. 8). The seat 3 has a height-adjustable head restraint 20, an additional folding working backrest 21 built into it, a handle for unlocking the position of the angle of inclination of the folding backrest 23, seat cushions 23, 24 and 25 (Fig. 9). The armrest 4 consists of a telescopic strut 26 mounted on the lower support node 27. The upper support node 28 with the support plate of the forearm 29 is located on the movable part of the telescopic rack. The position of the support plate of the forearm 29 in the guides of the upper support unit is fixed by a screw 30. The displacement spring 31 of the telescopic rack is closed by casings 33, 34 (Fig. 10). Inside the telescopic rack there is a hydraulic mechanism 32 for fixing movement, fixing the position of the movable part of the rack and the upper support node. The lower support node 27 allows you to tilt the forearm in two planes. The nipple 35 serves to remove air from the hydraulic system. The roller guide block 36 serves to guide the hydraulic hose at an angle. The step 5 (Fig. 11) is installed in the guides 15, 16 of the slewing gear 2 and is connected to the seat 3 by means of an electromechanism for adjusting the height of the steps relative to the seat. The following elements are placed on the left half of the footboard:

37 - manipulator controlling the movement of the lens of the operating microscope along the X-Y axes;

38, 39 - buttons to change the magnification of the magnification of the operating microscope;

40 - pedal focusing the lens of the operating microscope;

41 - control buttons for operating equipment;

42 - pedal unfastening the armrests;

43 - pedal for fixing the rotation of the seat;

44 - pedal fixation of the base carriage;

45 - pedal vertical movement of the seat;

46 - pedal vertical movement of the steps relative to the seat.

The working chair of the microsurgeon works as follows. The base 1 of the chair is exposed on the sliding stops 7, 8 (Fig. 5, Fig. 7). During the operation, the microsurgeon is located in the chair and can provide the following actions to ensure a comfortable position:

- adjusts the footboard in height (pedal 46 of Fig. 4, Fig. 12);

- raises the seat to the desired height (pedal 45 of Fig. 4, Fig. 12);

- has the armrests in height and angle for the required position (pedal 42 of Fig. 3, Fig. 11);

- extends the hinged back 21 to a position comfortable for back support, pressing the handle 22 with the elbow joint;

- brakes the braking mechanisms with pedals 43, 44 (Fig. 11) - for turning the chair around its own axis and turning around an axis that coincides with the center of the surgical field.

During the operation, all further manipulations with the chair are made according to the need.

Claims (2)

1. The microsurgeon’s working chair containing a base on wheels, a leg support, a seat with a backrest and identical mechanisms for supporting and fixing the surgeon’s hands in a selected position along the tilt angle in the directions “from you - to yourself” and to the sides, including support racks and armrests interconnected by means of an upper spherical unit, while the racks are connected to the seat of the chair by means of a lower spherical unit, characterized in that the chair is equipped with a hydraulically-operated lifting and swiveling mechanism, the seatback is equipped with with an additional back, the base is made in the form of a hollow platform with a built-in carriage made in the form of a triangular design of two pipes, interconnected by a platform on which a lifting and turning mechanism with a foot support made in the form of two feet is mounted on it this support pillars are made telescopic. 2. The microsurgeon’s working chair according to claim 1, characterized in that when performing ophthalmological operations, the axis of the surgical field is aligned with the axis of rotation of the carriage.

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