RU2668579C1 - Feeding for dogs with treatment and preventive action - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fodder production.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fodder production, in particular to a dog food with a therapeutic and prophylactic effect, the food containing ingredients of plant and animal origin. One of the variants of the feed contains ingredients of vegetable origin in the form of extracts of chicory, rosemary, grapefruit, orange, turmeric and syzygium, and also blood products in the form of dry blood of slaughter animals, a prebiotic in the form of a powder of Jerusalem artichoke and a probiotic in the form of Bifidobakterium bifidum. In another embodiment, the ingredients of plant origin include extracts of chicory, rosemary and grapefruit, and simultaneously use blood products in the form of dry blood slaughter animals, prebiotic in the form of Jerusalem artichoke and spirulina, and an encapsulated probiotic in the form of particles of cow rumen. Third option – ingredients of vegetable origin include extracts of plant antioxidants, and also blood products in the form of dry blood of slaughter animals, a prebiotic in the form of a powder of Jerusalem artichoke and a probiotic in the form of lactobacillus 10–12 bln/ml. All the ingredients are taken at specified ratio.EFFECT: use of the invention will restore the eruption of erythro-thrombopoiesis in dogs.3 cl, 9 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the feed industry and can be used for the production of feed with therapeutic effect, able to satisfy the physiological needs of dogs.

Known formulation of protein-mineral additives for dogs (RU 2169488, publ. 06/27/2001), containing,%: meat-bone and / or bone meal - 8.5-70; carrots - 3.5-5; beer pellet - 3-7; potatoes - 6.5-13.5; oatmeal flour - 10-12; natural peat - 2.5-5.5; table salt - the rest. In addition, the additive contains 1-2% starch.

The main disadvantage of the additive: beer grains contain up to 20% fiber, and when summed with the amount in other ingredients, it can have an undesirable physical irritant effect on the animal’s body.

The well-known "Dog food with a preventive effect and the method of its production" (RU No. 2264125, publ. 20.11.2004), including ingredients of plant and animal origin. As ingredients of plant origin, oats, buckwheat, barley, tomato pulp, green mass of Jerusalem artichoke, wheat bran are used, and as ingredients of animal origin - pig skin, bone crumbs of cattle and additionally propylene glycol, quercetin, vitamins A, D, E.

The disadvantage of this method is the non-optimal composition (the presence of cereals, which often cause digestive disorders in a number of animals), the absence of pro- and / or prebiotics and the proper amount of vitamins, and a complex, multicomponent feed production technology, which leads to an increase in the cost of the finished product.

Also known is the main diet for feeding dogs, presented in table. one.

Table 1

(Breeders A. P. Reference book on dog breeding. M.: 1991).

The disadvantage of this diet is the use of:

- as a source of protein and amino acids, quite expensive products (meat, milk);

- the use of canned foods, which undoubtedly reduces the activity of vitamin supplements;

- the absence of pro- and / or prebiotics, which reduces the physiological value of the product;

Known food with probiotics GRANDORF Living Probiotics 4 MEAT & BROWN RICE ALL BREEDS (http://grandorf.ru/), containing:

dehydrated turkey meat, dehydrated lamb meat, dehydrated duck meat, dehydrated rabbit meat, whole brown rice, fresh turkey meat, turkey fat, alfalfa, fresh salmon oil, dried chicory, (a natural source of prebiotics: FOS and inulin), dried Antarctic krill ( natural source of EPA and DHA), dried apples, carob flour, brewer's yeast (natural source MOS), yucca shidiger, glucosamine, chondroitin, MSM (methylsulfonylmethane), a complex of natural antioxidants (rosemary extract, grapefruit uta, orange, turmeric and syzygium), living probiotics (Enterococcus faecium). Preserved by vitamin C, rosemary and a mixture of natural tocopherols (source of natural vitamin E).

The disadvantage of this formulation is the complex composition, and, as a result, the complex production technology, the presence of rare and expensive components.

Closest to the proposed invention is meat dog food (RU 2277796, publ. 06/20/2006), containing meat raw materials (meat trimmings, lung, spleen, scar, katyk, lips, ears, udder) and the liquid component is blood.

The disadvantages of this method are:

the product is produced in the form of canned mass, which creates additional difficulties in sterilization, packaging storage, transportation and, as a result, the cost of the final product;

- there are no pre- and probiotics in the product, which excludes the possibility of regulating the functions of the gastrointestinal tract and metabolic processes;

- additional introduction of meat raw materials reduces the coefficient of digestibility and digestibility of the product, since meat products, especially offal, have a lower digestibility coefficient relative to blood. Blood meal is a valuable protein feed, as it contains about 80% protein, the digestibility coefficient is 96-99%, while the by-product digestibility coefficient is 82%, the off-digestibility coefficient decreases in the following order: heart → kidney → tongue → liver ( Veterinary-sanitary examination with the basics of technology for processing livestock products. - 4th ed., Ext. And revised. - M .: Kolos, 1983. -: 223 p., Ill. - (Textbooks and study guides for medium. educational institutions). Kolos Publishing House, as amended, 1983).

The technical task of the invention is the creation of food with a therapeutic effect, capable of satisfying the physiological needs of healthy and sick dogs to the greatest extent possible.

EFFECT: improved digestibility of feed, regulation of metabolism, hematopoiesis as a result of the use of blood meal, probiotics and prebiotics.

The technical problem is achieved in that the dog food with a therapeutic effect contains ingredients of plant and animal origin, moreover, blood products and pre and probiotics are simultaneously used in the feed composition.

Examples of carrying out the invention.

Feed was prepared as follows:

Recipe 1.

The real goal is achieved by the fact that the basis providing animal protein in the feed is the dry blood of slaughtered animals. A mixture on a blood base:

- dry blood up to 4 0% by weight of the product,

- supplemented by herbal components:

- Jerusalem artichoke powder 15-18%

- chicory and a complex of natural antioxidants (extract of rosemary, grapefruit, orange, turmeric and syzygium) 3-5%, added for the purpose of prolonged shelf life of natural feed

- Bifidobakterium bifidum 10-12 billion / ml, 3-5%

- water the rest.

To replace sugars that fall into the feed with traditional ingredients and are forbidden for animals with diabetes, carob flour is added (carob), which, in addition to its pleasant taste, has a rich microelement composition, it also has absorbent and antidiarrheal properties and is widely used in chocolate bars for diabetics.

All components, if necessary, are cleaned and mechanically crushed.

After depositing the main mixture, an encapsulated probiotic is added to the semifinished feed - particles of cow rumen, the microorganisms of which are probiotics.

The probiotic preparation technology is in parallel process. The carrier for probiotic microorganisms is pectin gel, which provides high cell activity, has detoxifying and radioprotective properties, and is also characterized by mechanical strength for a long time.

Encapsulation process: An aqueous solution of pectin with a mass fraction of 6% was obtained at a temperature of 65-90 ° C for 4 minutes. The biomass is added to the pectin solution in a ratio of 1: 5. The resulting mixture is thoroughly mixed until smooth and served on the formation of granules. Gel granules were obtained by displacing a homogeneous mixture through a syringe into a CaC12 solution of 5% concentration.

The obtained granules are mixed with feed granules, which allows us to talk about the complete safety of microorganisms and the passage of the stomach with greater efficiency.

The blood-based recipe compares favorably with existing recipes based on plant proteins - wheat, or plant components due to greater identity with the genetic apparatus and the usual diet of dogs.

Thus, the technological solution involves the classic steps:

- Dosing and mixing of components according to the established recipe.

- Adding water to the mixture.

- Impact on the mixture with steam and pressure.

- Extrusion of the mass through the heads of the machine.

- Drying the resulting granules.

- Spray on dry food fat or flavorings.

- Feed packaging.

Separate preparation of the encapsulated pro and / or prebiotic on the same equipment is acceptable and easily implemented by varying the process parameters.

The difference between this technology and the traditional one is that the blood interferes with the mixture at the last technological stage. This food has a high nutritional value, provides the body with complete protein and macronutrients, and is suitable for dogs with diabetes.

Recipe 2.

To the blood base, as in formulation 1, microalgae, in particular spirulina, which is extremely rich in proteins, iron, beta-carotene, are added. The additive will provide a balanced ratio of micro and macro elements. Chicory extract, Jerusalem artichoke, plant extracts of rosemary and grapefruit are also added:

Dry blood 35-40% Spirulina 4-8% Jerusalem artichoke 18 - 2 5% Plant extracts 3-5% Encapsulated Probiotic - Cow Scar Particles 5-8% Water - the rest

Recipe 3.

An insect protein concentrate rich in the whole set of peptides is added to the blood, which improves the microflora. The additive is up to 4-8%. In addition, yeast containing up to 5%, rich in trace elements and plant antioxidants, is introduced:

Dry blood 20-35% Insect protein 4-8% Lactobacillus 10-12 billion / ml 8-10% Jerusalem artichoke 18-25% Plant extracts 3-5% Water - the rest

The invention allows to obtain food with increased digestibility, which has functions normalizing metabolic processes and stimulates hematopoiesis.

Biological and zootechnical tests were conducted.

Example 1

The effect of feed on general clinical and biochemical parameters in dogs with chronic hepatitis.

Studies were conducted on 80 dogs of different breeds. The average age of the dogs was 6 years (4 to 12 years). All selected animals, based on the collection of anamnesis data, clinical signs (anorexia, vomiting, cachexia, depression, increased anxiety), and laboratory tests (characteristic changes in the level of blood enzymes and urinalysis), revealed chronic hepatitis in the exacerbation phase.

Sick animals in complex treatment with hepatoprotectors were fed the RoyalCanine (Hepatic) veterinary diet (Control) and Food (Experience).

Feed Composition:

Dry blood 40% Jerusalem artichoke thirty% Lactobacillus 10-12 billion / ml 8-10% Spirulina fifteen% Water rest

Before treatment and in dynamics (10 and 20 days), the level of serum blood enzymes and biochemical characteristics of urine in both groups were determined.

The results of the study are presented in tables 2 and 3.

Table 2.

The dynamics of the level of blood enzymes in dogs during the treatment of chronic hepatitis.

Note:

* - statistically significant (P <0.05) compared with the control.

As can be seen from table 2, at the time of admission, all dogs showed biochemical signs characteristic of exacerbation of hepatitis: an increase in the level of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a decrease in serum cholinesterase, which indicates the severity and activity of the pathological process in the liver.

Against the background of hepatoprotective treatment and the use of diet therapy, almost all indicators returned to normal, which correlated with the clinical remission of the disease (restored appetite, normalized activity of the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system).

However, it should be noted that the use of feed gave a more pronounced and early positive result.

The level of all studied enzymes in the Experience group had a significantly (P <0.05) more pronounced tendency to normalize by 10 days from the start of therapy.

By 20 days, the levels of all enzymes were completely normal in the Experimental group, while in the Control of alkali phosphatase, ALT, AST, LDH, cholinesterase, they were close, but differed relative to the norm and the Experience group (P <0.05).

The data obtained correlate with the results of laboratory tests of urine (table 3).

In the Experience group, indicators of the content of indican, bilirubin, urobilin had a more pronounced tendency to normalize compared to the Control.

After 20 days, all indicators were completely normalized in the Experience group, while in the Control, trace amounts of indican, urobilin were determined.

Table 3.

Urological syndrome of dogs with a chronic form of the course of hepatitis.

Thus, the use of feed in the complex treatment regimen for dogs with chronic hepatitis has a more pronounced therapeutic effect compared to the analogue of RoyalCanine (Hepatic), which manifests itself as stabilization of indicators characterizing the functional state of the liver and normalization of the general clinical condition.

Example 2

Testing the lipid-lowering activity of feed.

The experiments were performed in the model of alloxan diabetes on non-linear white rats, males weighing 180-200 g. In accordance with the Methodological recommendations for the experimental study of new oral hypoglycemic pharmaceuticals. On Sat “Guidelines for the experimental and clinical study of drugs. Part 6 ", M., 1986, p. 202.

Alloxane hydrate (Lachema) was administered to rats fasting for 24 hours, intramuscularly at 170 mg / kg. Testing of compounds began 1 month after seeding.

The following groups of animals were investigated:

- intact (Control);

- untreated rats with diabetes; animals with diabetes (Group 1);

- receiving Metmorfinum preparation (200 mg / kg) daily for 20 days (Group 2);

- animals with diabetes fed daily for 20 days Food (Group 3).

Each group contained 10 animals.

The use of drugs began on the third day after the introduction of alloxane hydrate.

10 and 20 days after the start of the experiment, lipid metabolism was determined in blood serum by conventional methods.

The data obtained are presented in table 4.

Table 4.

The effect of feed on lipid metabolism in rats with experimental diabetes.

Note:

* - statistically significant (P <0.05) compared with the control,

# - statistically significant (P <0.05) compared with Group 1.

As can be seen from table 4, 10 days after the start of treatment in the group of animals treated with the drug Metformin (Group 2), there was a significant improvement in lipid metabolism compared to Group 1. The level of total lipids was normalized, the level of cholesterol and β-lipoproteins significantly decreased.

Animals treated with Food (Group 3) also showed a pronounced tendency to normalize lipid metabolism. Reliably, compared with group 1, the level of total lipids, cholesterol and β-lipoproteins decreased.

After 20 days from the start of treatment in group 2 (Metformin), lipid metabolism indicators practically do not differ from the norm.

In group 3 (food), the level of total lipids is normalized, and the concentration of cholesterol and β-lipoproteins has a stable tendency to normalize and significantly differs from similar indicators in group 1.

Thus, the use of feed in the model of experimental diabetes gives a pronounced effect in relation to the normalization of lipid metabolism.

This effect is inferior to the action of the drug Metformin. However, it should be pointed out that the Food is not a pharmaceutically obtained medicinal substance, consists exclusively of natural, physiologically compatible products, and does not have side effects. Moreover, Metformin has a pronounced side effect and has many contraindications https://medi.ru/instrukciya/metformin_1778/.

Example 3

Indicators of erythropoiesis and thrombopoiesis in the treatment of piroplasmosis in dogs.

Severe form.

It is known that pyroplasmosis is a protozoal infection in which red blood cells are affected and production of both red blood cells (erythropoiesis) and platelets (thrombopoiesis) is affected.

To study the effect of feed on erythropoiesis and thrombopoiesis, 43 animals with severe pyroplasmosis were examined.

The animals were divided into 2 groups:

1st group - Control (n = 22). Animals received only conventional treatment for pyroplasmosis.

2nd group - Experience (n = 21). Animals received additional food at the rate of 5 g per kilogram of weight per day.

Before treatment, on the 3rd, 7th, 14th day, a general clinical blood test was performed.

The results are presented in Tables 5-6.

Table 5.

Hemoglobin (g / l)

Note:

* - statistically significant (P <0.05) compared with the norm,

# - statistically significant (P <0.05) compared with the control.

As can be seen from table 5, the hemoglobin level was reliably, relative to normal, reduced in all animals. However, in the Experience group, its recovery is faster and already by the 7th and 14th days it is significantly higher than that in the Control group.

Table 6.

Erythrocytes (ppm)

Note:

* - statistically significant (P <0.05) compared with the norm,

# - statistically significant (P <0.05) compared with the control.

The study of the level of red blood cells (table 6) also showed a faster recovery of this indicator in the Experience group compared to the Control group. The significance of differences by 7 and 14 days from the start of treatment is P <0.05.

Table 7.

Hematocrit (%)

Note:

* - statistically significant (P <0.05) compared with the norm,

# - statistically significant (P <0.05) compared with the control.

The hematocrit level is also restored faster in the Experience group and reaches normal by 14 days.

Table 8.

Platelets (thousand / μl)

Note:

* - statistically significant (P <0.05) compared with the norm,

# - statistically significant (P <0.05) compared with the control.

The platelet count, which characterizes the state of the blood coagulation system, is reduced in all animals during the observation period. However, in the Experience group, recovery is faster and, starting from 7 days, this indicator is significantly higher compared to the Control.

Table 9.

Reticulocytes (%)

Note:

* - statistically significant (P <0.05) compared with the norm,

# - statistically significant (P <0.05) compared with the control.

Of particular interest is the dynamics of the level of reticulocytes, red blood cell precursor cells. Activation of their products is already observed on the 7th day, and by the 14th day the level of reticulocytes is even significantly higher than normal, which indicates the stimulation of erythroid hematopoiesis and is undoubtedly associated with the composition of the feed, containing blood and hemoglobin, as a stimulator of erythropoiesis.

Thus, the use of the proposed feed improves its digestibility, the regulation of metabolic processes, blood formation, as well as restore the impaired functions of the production of red blood cells, platelets and erythro-thrombopoiesis in dogs.

Claims (6)

1. Dog food with therapeutic effect, containing ingredients of plant and animal origin, characterized in that the ingredients of plant origin include plant extracts of chicory, rosemary, grapefruit, orange, turmeric and syzygium, and, in the composition of the feed, blood products are simultaneously used in in the form of dry blood of slaughtered animals, a prebiotic in the form of Jerusalem artichoke powder and a probiotic in the form of Bifidobakterium bifidum, in the following ratio of components, wt. %: Dry blood of slaughtered animals  up to 40 Jerusalem artichoke powder 15-18 Plant extracts of chicory, rosemary, grapefruit, orange, turmeric and syzygium 3-5 Bifidobakterium bifidum 10-12 billion / ml, 3-5 Water - the rest 2. Dog food with therapeutic effect, containing ingredients of plant and animal origin, characterized in that the ingredients of plant origin include extracts of chicory, rosemary and grapefruit, moreover, in the composition of the feed at the same time use blood products in the form of dry blood of slaughtered animals, prebiotic in the form of Jerusalem artichoke and spirulina, and an encapsulated probiotic in the form of particles of a cow rumen, in the following ratio of components, wt. %: Dry blood of slaughtered animals 35-40 Spirulina 4-8 Jerusalem artichoke 18-25 Chicory plant extracts, rosemary grapefruit 3-5 Encapsulated Probiotic - cow rumen particles 5-8 Water - the rest 3. Dog food with a therapeutic effect, containing ingredients of plant and animal origin, characterized in that the ingredients of plant origin include extracts of plant antioxidants, in addition, the composition of the feed includes yeast, insect protein, and at the same time, the composition of the feed uses products blood in the form of dry blood of slaughtered animals, a prebiotic in the form of Jerusalem artichoke, and a probiotic in the form of lactobacillus 10-12 billion / ml, in the following ratio of components, wt. %: Dry blood of slaughtered animals 20-35 Yeast  up to 5 Insect protein 4-8 Lactobacillus 10-12 billion / ml 8-10 Jerusalem artichoke 18-25 Plant extracts 3-5 Water - the rest