RU2667728C1 - Water purification intake facility - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic equipment.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic engineering, namely to facilities for complex water treatment from drawn and part of suspended sediment during water intake into canals, pipelines and antechambers of pumping stations. Water intake treatment plant includes intake sludge pre-chamber 1, clean water intake chamber 2 and supply conduit 15. Settling pre-chamber 1 includes additional sulfur-retaining grid 10 fixed above it, inclined guide wall 12 installed inside directly under the additional sulfur-retaining grid, vertical partition 3 separating the body of the pre-chamber to clean water intake chamber 2 and settling pre-chamber 1. Outlet window 6 formed in partition 3 is communicated via branch pipe 7 with dirt-retaining grid 8 and vertical L-shaped rack 16 directed downward in settling pre-chamber 1. Waste water collector 11 is placed in the bottom of settling pre-chamber 1. Window 6 with branch pipe 7 is made in the middle part of partition 3. Clean water intake chamber 2 has piping manifold 13 to the user. Inclined guide wall 12 is waterproof and covers clean water intake chamber 2 from above. When the plant is in operation, a part of the water with large deposits and debris slides down inclined additional grid 10 into disposal gutter 14, where they are transported down the slope of the gutter.EFFECT: efficiency of continuous water purification from bottom and suspended sediments, as well as debris beyond the boundaries of the plant is improved, and it becomes possible to regulate the hydraulic structure of the flow in the settling pre-chamber.5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, and in particular to structures for the integrated treatment of water from entrained and partly suspended sediments during water intake into canals, pipes, and fore-chambers of a pumping station.

A device for clarifying water is known, comprising a housing with a discharge channel, a spiral chamber located inside the housing and made in the form of an overflow wall, a supply channel connected to the spiral chamber, and a washing pipe connected to a washing hole in the bottom of the spiral chamber, while the overflow wall is outlined along the coil of the Archimedes spiral within the angle of rotation of the radius vector, and the washing hole is located at the pole of this spiral (Copyright certificate SU No. 1330254, ЕОВВ 8/02 of 08/15/1987).

The disadvantage of this device is due to its complex design, including a spillway wall, outlined in a spiral of Archimedes within the angle of rotation, and the complexity of its hydraulic calculation. Low reliability is that the suspended sediment fractions, redistributed in plan, partially in suspension, can flow through the overflow wall into the housing and then to the consumer. This primarily requires that there is a constancy of water overflow, however, during the operation of the structure, there is a frequent change in costs in the supply channel. In the case of saturation of the flow in a large number of entrained and suspended sediments, the washing hole cannot cope with their washing, and a partial blockage occurs along the width of the chamber. As a result of this, the filling in the annular chambers increases, and deposits can enter the consumer through the overflow wall, i.e. the height of the overflow walls is not designed for such a hydraulic mode of its operation; accordingly, the hydraulic structure in the chamber changes. In this case, smaller deposits will begin to flow into the discharge pipe to the consumer. Thus, the known structure does not fully protect the channel of clean water from

parts of suspended sediment. The problem in the known device is solved only in one technical cycle, protection against bottom sediment at a certain flow rate.

A fish protection device is known, including a cylindrical plan chamber with an outlet conduit, in which an annular wall with a mesh upper part is concentrically mounted, an inlet conduit arranged tangentially to the inner surface of the wall, and a fish outlet connected to the center of the chamber, the fish protection wall having a broken outline formed alternately located and spiral sections (Copyright certificate SU No. 1011774, ЕВВ 8/02 of 04/15/1983).

The disadvantages of the known device include: the formation in the mating areas and the spiral-shaped sections of the wall, stagnant, non-washed sections for the accumulation of impurities, where bottom sediments are possible that interfere with the functioning of the device; trauma as a result of impact and contact with mechanical impurities and litter - juvenile fish when they are directed to the central hole in the bottom of the chamber and transported along the fish drain; non-availability of constant or periodic cleaning of the upper part of the annular wall; fixed energy costs for diverting juvenile fish back to the water source.

The closest to the proposed purpose, technical nature and the achieved result is a sedimentation tank, including a receiving sedimentation chamber used for collecting sediment, having an inclined bottom, a partition with a window in the lower part that divides the chamber into two sections and a waste collector (Copyright certificate SU No. 1350242, ЕВВ 8/02 of 11/07/1987).

The disadvantages of the known device: periodic water supply to the consumer through the discharge pipe, which is periodically interrupted for the time of washing the sump by activating the ascending and descending branches of the siphon. As a result, air congestion is created in pipelines with clean water, which reduce the efficiency of the known device and thereby impede water supply; congestion of the outlet opening of the ascending siphon branch accumulated

sediments in the conical part of the sump at window 5 and their natural calcination, which can prevent the siphon 8 from starting up (firstly) and lead to insufficient suction force of the siphon 8 to raise the load on the entire height of the ascending branch 7 of siphon 8, i.e. . to a height from the inlet of the siphon 8 to the hood 10.

Also known, for example, hydrocyclones and sand gravel traps SU: No. 184187, 367895, 544473, 816558, 823647, 869998, 106552, 1322188, 1546547; RU No. 2532276.

However, the known device is complex, due to numerous elements not practical to manufacture, which does not allow for reliable long-term operation of the device during operation.

The technical problem is solved in that the water intake treatment plant, including a sediment chamber used for collecting sediment, having a bottom and in communication with a supply conduit, and a discharge well, a partition with a window, dividing the chamber into two sections, is equipped with a nozzle attached to the exit window from the side settling tank, and the clean water chamber is blocked from above by the guide wall towards the open tank settling chamber connected to the washing water and sediment collector, the trash guard is installed on the mountains the isontal axis located in the upper part of the nozzle, and the waste bin located parallel to the side wall of the settling chamber, adjoining its upper face to the lower end face of the additional trash guard, pivotally mounted relative to the end face of the settling chamber with an inlet conduit, while the lower part of the nozzle is provided with a vertical L-shaped shelf, which is directed down.

In addition, the clean water intake chamber is connected via a pipeline to the collector.

In addition, the trash bin associated with the waste bin is made with a positive slope.

In addition, the guide wall that overlaps the clean water intake chamber is waterproof and has an inclined position towards the settling chamber.

In addition, the lateral outer end wall of the waste bin is provided with a horizontal shelf.

Such an implementation of the water intake treatment plant will allow the stream enriched with sediment and garbage to carry out the entire technological cycle from taking water from a surface high-pressure water source to bringing its quality to clean water intake at steady levels in the settling tank to reduce the amount of sediment entering it, which increases the reliability of the clean water reception facility water. Pure water passing through the grate into the nozzle, then into the clean water intake chamber, enters the consumer collector, and litter and large sediments are rolled over an additional inclined grate and fall into the waste bin and no longer participate in the total mass of the intake, and small sediments flow down an inclined guide wall in the direction of the settling chamber and settling to the bottom. In general, all the elements of the proposed solution are aimed at improving the efficiency and reliability in the operation of this device. In this case, the washing off of fine fractions in the settling tank takes place with a minimum washing flow of sediment through the discharge collector. In general, the design is simple, there is no blockage with sediment at the bottom of the settling chamber. In these cases, there arises the development of devices and the need to gradually carry out sediment washing on individual sediment fractions, because otherwise the bottom collector is not able to fulfill its main function, since it can be quickly introduced by the accumulation of large sediments and debris, they are calcined by a tightly washed layer .

According to the author, such a design of a water treatment plant was not previously known and meets the criterion of “significant differences”.

The drawing shows a water intake treatment plant, General view.

The water intake treatment plant includes a receiving open-type slurry tank 1 and a clean water intake chamber 2. The settling tank 1 and the intake 2 are provided with a partition 3, dividing them into sections 4 and 5, connected by an outlet window 6 made in the middle of the partition 3. A nozzle 7 is attached to the outlet window 6 from the settling chamber 1, in the upper part of which there is a trash guard 8 with a horizontal axis of rotation 9. The settling tank 1 for collecting small and suspended sediments is blocked from above by an additional trash holding grid 10, and the bottom of the tank 1 has a wash water collector 11 for settled small deposits, which can t be equipped with a shutter (not shown) at the outlet that periodically regulates the washing of fine sediments in the layer located in the settling tank 1. The water intake chamber 2 of the clean water is covered by an inclined guide wall 12 installed inside the chamber of the chambers 1, directly under the additional trash guard 10. Water intake the clean water chamber 2 is connected directly to the manifold pipe 13.

The sludge trap 1 is equipped with a waste tray 14 located parallel to the side wall of the sludge trap 1 and its upper edge adjoining the lower end face of the additional trash guard 10, the inclined guide wall 12 is waterproof and the additional trash guard 10 is pivotally mounted relative to the upper end face of the housing 1 from the side of the supply conduit 15.

The lower part of the pipe 7 is provided with a L-shaped shelf 16 directed downward, and the lateral outer end wall of the waste tray 14 is provided in the upper part with a horizontal shelf 17.

The presence of the waste tray 14 allows you to autonomously dispose of large sediment and debris drawn by the inlet conduit 15, i.e. to cut off from the bulk of the water entering the settling chamber 1. The inclined position of the additional trash holding grate 10, as well as the end connection of the waste bin 14 with the lower face of the grate 10, contribute to the guaranteed removal of large drives.

The implementation of the inclined guide wall 12 waterproof above the water intake chamber 2, in turn, guarantees to divert the flow of water entering the settling chamber 1 with the inclusion of a small size (small) sediment, which contributes to the inclined position of the guide wall 12.

The swivel connection of the additional trash guard 10 relative to the top of the side face of the settling chamber 1 adjacent to the inlet conduit 15 allows you to quickly lift it in case of repair, as well as other preventive maintenance.

The execution of the vertical L-shaped shelf 16, fixed to the lower part of the pipe 7 and directed downward, forms an additional zone of a calm state of water, and the trash-retaining articulated grate 8 installed on top of the pipe 7 allows small deposits to settle to the bottom of the settling chamber 1 for washing them into the collector 11 wash water.

The implementation of the horizontal shelf 17 directly located on the outer side wall of the waste tray 14, additionally directs the flow with large sediment and debris down to the bottom of the tray 14, and also protects against water splashes when it hits the side wall of the tray 14, and the bottom of the tray 14 is made with a slope of side of the movement of water.

In general, all the elements of the proposed solution are aimed at improving the efficiency and reliability in the operation of this device.

Water intake treatment works as follows.

Water, together with sediment and debris from the inlet conduit 15, enters the additional trash holding grid 1-0, passing through the grate 10, water flows along an inclined guide wall 12 into the settling chamber 1, entraining the sediments of small fractions. Large sediments and debris are rolled over an additional trash screen 10, fall into the waste bin 14 and no longer participate in the total mass of water coming from the inlet duct 15. As a result of the presence of a pipe 7 attached to the exit window 6 in the partition 3,

the flow of clean water through the trash guard 8 comes from the settling chamber 1 to the clean water intake chamber 2, then through the manifold 13 and goes to the consumer.

The lower part of the pipe 7, which is equipped with a L-shaped shelf 16 directed downward, allows you to extinguish part of the falling water in the settling tank 1, from where the calmed surface of the water and taking into account the trash guard 8, the purified water enters through the pipe 7, window 6 into the water intake chamber 2 clean water. Water is supplied from the middle layers above the wash water collector 11.

To clean the settling chamber 1 and regulate the water, a shutter (not shown) on the manifold 11, i.e. sediment is discharged downstream of reservoir 1.

The implementation of the horizontal shelf 17, located on the outer side wall of the waste tray 14, protects against water splashes in it when water falls with entrained sediment and floating debris, then downstream.

The difference in water levels on the water in the pipe 7 with the outlet window 6 in the partition 3 into the water intake chamber 2 and together the drain pipe-collector 13, allows you to take clean water from the middle layers of the settling chamber 1.

The dimensions of the settling chamber 1, the location of the outlet window 6 in the partition 3 with the nozzle 7, the L-shaped shelf directed downward, the trash guard, as well as the hydraulic calculation of the flow, contributes to the deposition of fine sediment and allows them to be washed into the wash water collector 11. Thus, filling the settling chamber with water ensures its washing. This requirement is satisfied by the proposed invention, which is necessary to obtain the desired positive effect of nanotransport flows, and the deposition rate of those particles that must be delayed in the settling tank with its constant washing, and two-stage cleaning of the device is taken into account (large sediments and floating debris are discharged into the waste bin) . Therefore, to improve the hydrodynamic conditions of the proposed invention created a design

water intake treatment facility inlet nanosaturated stream of fine fractions and the release of clarified water to the consumer. The invention essentially consists of a two-stage sediment removal capable of removing both entrained large sediments with floating debris and small sediments deposited on the bottom of the settling tank with continuous washing.

With the right ratio between the parameters of the proposed building elements, the quality of the treated water to the consumer is ensured, which depends on the hydraulic load in each individual chamber (section) of the structure.

The proposed device will allow, unlike known devices, to combine in one technological cycle the tasks of optimal water intake and effective two-stage purification of water from sediment, which means to prevent clogging of the consumer network and extend its service life for a similar purpose.

Claims (5)

1. Intake treatment plant, including a sediment chamber used for collecting sediment, having a bottom and in communication with a supply conduit, and a discharge well, a partition with a window, dividing the chamber into two sections, it is equipped with a nozzle attached to the exit window from the side of the settling chamber, and the clean water chamber is blocked from above by the guide wall in the direction of the open type settling chamber connected to the washing water and sediment collector, the trash guard is installed on a horizontal axis located in the upper part of the nozzle, and the waste chute, located parallel to the side wall of the settling tank, adjoining with its upper face to the lower end face of the additional trash guard, pivotally mounted relative to the end face of the settling tank with an inlet conduit, while the lower part of the pipe is equipped with a vertical L-shaped floor which is directed down. 2. The intake treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the clean water intake chamber is connected via a pipeline to the collector. 3. The intake treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the debris trap associated with the waste tray is made with a positive slope. 4. Intake treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide wall that overlaps the clean water intake chamber is waterproof and has an inclined position towards the settling chamber. 5. Intake treatment plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral outer end wall of the waste bin is provided with a horizontal shelf.

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