RU2667092C2 - Interface for interconnecting circuit breaker and surge arrester, surge arrester including such interface and self-protected electrical device comprising surge arrester and circuit breaker interconnected by such interface - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.SUBSTANCE: interface (100) for interconnecting a circuit breaker and a surge arrester, comprises circuit breaker (110) connected to connector (120) for transmitting a signal representative of the operating condition of the circuit breaker and/or the arrester, mechanical member (130) to be connected to the circuit breaker, movable between armed and tripped positions corresponding respectively to the armed and tripped states of the circuit breaker, wherein in its tripped position, said member activates the circuit breaker, another mechanical member (140) connected to the surge arrester and configured to move between a rest position and a tripped position, corresponding to the states of normal operation and shutdown of the surge arrester, and in its tripped position, said other member is in the path of the first member and activates the circuit breaker.EFFECT: technical result consists is enabling to remotely centralise information on the disconnection of a protective device and/or on the tripping of a circuit breaker.18 cl, 45 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the general field of lightning conductors.

In particular, its object is a modular interface designed to provide mechanical and serial electrical connection of the circuit breaker and the device for protection against temporary overvoltages, in particular, of atmospheric origin.

In particular, an object of the invention is a modular interface, which contains:

- an electrical switch associated with a connector configured to transmit a signal characterizing the operating state of the switch and / or protective device, and

- the first safety mechanical element designed to be connected to the opening and closing device of the circuit breaker, configured to move between the charged position corresponding to the on state of the opening and closing device of the circuit breaker and the off position corresponding to the turned off state of the opening and closing device of the circuit breaker, wherein the first safety the mechanical element can, in this off position, operate an electrical switch to transmit a signal characterizing the off state of the switch.

The object of the invention is also a temporary overvoltage protection device comprising a modular unit having a receiving socket in which at least one removable lightning rod cassette is installed, comprising a surge suppressor and a fuse that provides electrical connection of the surge suppressor with the electrical terminal of the modular block.

Finally, an object of the invention is an electrical device for automatic protection against transient voltages, comprising a device for protection against temporary overvoltages, in particular, of atmospheric origin, and a switch mechanically and electrically connected to each other via such a modular interface.

State of the art

A varistor is usually used as the main element of surge protection in surge protection devices known as lightning rods. This varistor limits the overvoltage from above, starting from a known value, and limits its distribution in the electrical network.

When a varistor approaches the end of its service life, it can become dangerous, as it can overheat and cause a short circuit. In this case, it is necessary to disconnect the protective device from the electrical network with which it is connected.

For this, in particular, in documents EP 1607995, EP 2065914 and EP 1447831 it is proposed to connect a circuit breaker with a protective device to obtain a protected electrical device, in which the circuit breaker is turned off in case of failure of the varistor in order to isolate the protective device from the mains.

In particular, EP 2065914 provides an interface for connecting a surge protector and a circuit breaker. This interface contains mechanical means associated with the operation of the protective device, which, if the varistor malfunctions, automatically opens the circuit breaker through the connection means. In addition, this interface contains means for remotely transmitting information about its operational status. These means include an electric switch, which is actuated by the indicated mechanical means, while changing the electrical state of the switch allows the user to be informed of a change in the operating state of the interface. An electrical switch is electrically connected to a connector that remotely transmits this information about a change in interface state.

Disclosure of invention

Compared with the aforementioned known solutions, the invention provides a modular interface that allows you to remotely centralize information on tripping a protective device and / or on tripping a circuit breaker.

In particular, according to the invention, a modular interface is proposed, characterized in the introductory part, which contains a second safety mechanical element, different from the first safety mechanical element and working independently, designed to connect to a protective device and configured to move between the resting position corresponding to the state of normal operation of the protective device, and the off position corresponding to the disconnection of the surge protection device the specified protective device, while the second safety mechanical element can in this off position actuate an electrical switch, without affecting the position of the specified first safety mechanical element, to transmit a signal characterizing a malfunction of the protective device, located on the path along which the first safety mechanical element from its off position to its cocked position, so that in this off position The indicated second safety mechanical element formed a stop for the first safety mechanical element, not letting the latter into its cocked position from its off position.

Thus, thanks to the invention, it is possible to transmit remotely, and quite independently, information regarding the operating state of the protective device, on the one hand, and the operating status of the corresponding switch, on the other hand. In addition, in the event of a shutdown of the protective device, the second safety mechanical element of the modular interface in accordance with the invention allows the user to replace the defective element of the protective device after the circuit breaker is turned off, before turning on the circuit breaker again.

The modular interface in accordance with the invention also has the following other non-limiting and preferred features:

- an elastic return means is provided which seeks to translate the second safety mechanical element into its resting position;

- the specified elastic return means is a wire spring wound around the body of the specified second safety mechanical element, while one end of the wire spring is fixed to the specified body, and the other end of the wire spring is locked on the fixed part of the modular interface;

- the first and second safety mechanical elements are installed with the possibility of free rotation, respectively, around two parallel stationary shafts;

- each of the first and second safety mechanical elements can independently cause the rocker to rotate to close the electric switch;

- the beam contains:

- the Central part, installed with the possibility of free rotation around a fixed shaft parallel to the shafts of rotation of the first and second safety mechanical elements, and containing a finger control the specified electrical switch, and

- two branches that extend from the Central part essentially opposite to each other, while one of the branches contains a support surface facing the first safety mechanical element, and the other branch contains a support surface facing the second safety mechanical element, wherein the first and the second safety mechanical elements are supported, respectively, on the supporting surfaces of the branches of the rocker arm in order to turn it to the electric switch;

- the first safety mechanical element contains a pad, on one side of which there is a support for installing a fixed shaft of rotation, and on the other, opposite side, there is a pin for connecting to the circuit breaker opening and closing device, wherein said pad contains a drive pin for controlling the electric switch and is extended by the shoulder , which is located on the same side as the drive pin, and which has a knee at its free end, which is adapted to abut against said p second mechanical safety element is in the off position;

- the second safety mechanical element comprises a shoulder, which contains a drive finger for controlling the electric switch and which, on the one hand, has a free end forming the specified stop for the specified first safety mechanical element, and, on the other hand, the opposite to the indicated free end - end, mounted with the possibility of free rotation on a fixed shaft, which is located in the specified protective device, and this end is connected with a lever worn on the specified shaft and flaxable with the possibility of rotation around this shaft under the action of at least one drive released when the overvoltage limiting device of said protective device is turned off; and

- the shoulder of the second safety mechanical element is made integral with the specified lever, forming a monoblock part of a common L-shaped.

The object of the invention is also a temporary overvoltage protection device comprising a modular unit having a receiving socket in which at least one removable lightning rod cassette is installed, comprising a surge suppressor and a fuse that provides electrical connection of the surge suppressor with the electrical terminal of the modular unit, characterized in that the modular unit comprises a housing in which the aforementioned modular interface is located, each the th drive associated with the lightning rod cassette, on the one hand, is connected to the specified housing using an elastic return means, which tends to translate the specified drive into the release position, in which it sets the specified lever in the off position, corresponding to the off position of the shoulder of the specified second safety mechanical element , and, on the other hand, is held by the element of the lightning rod cassette associated with the fuse in the connection position in which the specified elastic the return means is under mechanical stress.

Preferably, in the protective device in accordance with the invention, said elastic return means is a coil tension spring.

According to a preferred feature of the security device in accordance with the invention, there is a shaft in the module housing called a “cartridge lock shaft” comprising at least one locking element and an end that interacts directly or indirectly with the first mechanical safety element, wherein the specified cassette lock shaft is mounted movably in the modular unit and can occupy two different positions, namely, on the one hand, the first position, called the “position behind shields ”corresponding to the cocked position of said first safety mechanical element, in which each locking element interacts with the corresponding part of the lightning rod cassette, preventing the removal and / or installation of each lightning rod cassette in the modular unit, and, on the other hand, the second position, called the“ access position "Corresponding to the off position of said first safety mechanical element, in which each locking element releases said Lightning Protection relevant part of the cassette and allows to retrieve and / or install each Lightning Protection cassette in a modular unit.

According to a preferred feature, an elastic return means is provided which tends to translate the cartridge lock shaft into the protection position.

According to a first preferred embodiment of the security device in accordance with the invention, said end of the cartridge lock shaft interacts with a transmission element rotationally coupled to the first mechanical safety element and freely rotatable around the shaft parallel to the rotation shaft of said first mechanical safety element, this shaft cartridge lock contains at least one protrusion and is mounted movably with the possibility of rotation in m muzzle block, occupying two different angular positions, namely, on the one hand, the protection position in which each protrusion protrudes through the window of the housing into the slot in which each lightning rod cassette is installed, and, on the other hand, the access position in which each protrusion departs from the mouth of the specified window into the specified body.

Preferably, in this case, the elastic return means is a wire spring wound around the cartridge lock shaft, one end of which is connected to the specified shaft and the other end of which is locked on the fixed part of the specified housing of the modular unit.

According to a second preferred embodiment of the security device in accordance with the invention, the cartridge lock shaft is made in the form of a bar mounted movably with the possibility of translational movement in the modular unit and having at least one cutout oriented in the direction of translational movement of the said bar so that on the one hand, in the indicated position of protection, each cutout came into the protrusion, motionlessly connected to the lightning rod cartridge, for connecting this lightning rod cartridge to the shaft b okirovki cassette, and, on the other hand, in said access position, each groove extends from the projection connected to the respective cassette Lightning Protection for Lightning Protection of the release tape from the shaft lock cassette.

Preferably, in this case, the elastic return means is a spiral compression spring installed between the end part of the cartridge lock shaft and the fixed part of the modular unit.

Finally, the invention provides an electrical device for automatic overvoltage protection, comprising a device for protection against temporary overvoltages, in particular of atmospheric origin, and a switch mechanically and electrically connected to each other via a modular interface in accordance with the invention, the housing of which has a side main side the connection with the switch through which the pin passes, which connects the specified first safety mechanical element with the device open ianiya and shorting the specified switch.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention and its implementation will be more apparent from the following description, presented by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an electrical device in accordance with the invention;

in FIG. 2 is a front view of the device shown in FIG. one;

in FIG. 3 is an electrical diagram of the device shown in FIG. one;

in FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a surge protection device of the device shown in FIG. one;

in FIG. 5 is a front view of the safety device shown in FIG. four;

in FIG. 6-11 show views in different projections of the installation box for protecting and holding electrical wires exiting from the protective device shown in FIG. four;

in FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the security device of FIG. 4, with its mounting box shown in a parsing;

in FIG. 13 and 14 are perspective views from two opposite sides of the base of the mounting box shown in FIG. 6;

in FIG. 15 and 16 are perspective views from two opposite sides of the lid of the mounting box shown in FIG. 6;

in FIG. 17 is a view identical to FIG. 4, without lightning rods;

in FIG. 18 is a view identical to FIG. 17, without an installation box for protecting and holding electrical wires exiting the protective device, and without a part of the housing of this protective device to show a preferred embodiment of the modular interface mechanism;

in FIG. 19 is a perspective view from below of the rear of the housing of the protective device shown in FIG. 17;

in FIG. 20 is a three quarter perspective view of the rear of the housing shown in FIG. 19, in which there is another simplified embodiment of a modular interface mechanism;

in FIG. 21 is a bottom perspective view of the part shown in FIG. twenty;

in FIG. 22 is a schematic perspective view of three quarters of the rear and bottom of the security device shown in FIG. 17, in which a preferred embodiment of the modular interface mechanism is located;

in FIG. 23 is a schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the modular interface mechanism shown in FIG. 22;

in FIG. 24 and 25 are a perspective view of an assembly from two opposite sides of the mechanism shown in FIG. 23;

in FIG. 26-29 is a side view of the assembly assembly shown in FIG. 23, in various operating configurations;

in FIG. 30 is a schematic perspective view of the electrical device shown in FIG. 1, from the side of the transient overvoltage protection device, where the front and lower parts of the protective device are not shown, as well as a part of the housing of the lightning rod cassette connected to the mains, showing the overvoltage limiting device of the specified lightning rod cassette;

in FIG. 31 is an enlarged view of the part shown in FIG. 30;

in FIG. 32 is a detailed sectional view of the drive associated with the surge suppression device shown in FIG. 31;

in FIG. 33 is a view identical to FIG. 30, in which the open-casing lightning rod cassette is disconnected from the electrical network;

in FIG. 34 is an enlarged view of the part shown in FIG. 33;

in FIG. 35 is a detailed sectional view of a drive associated with the surge suppressor shown in FIG. 33;

in FIG. 36 is a schematic perspective view of the electrical device shown in FIG. 1, from the side of the transient overvoltage protection device, on which the switch is turned on, the wiring box for laying wires is excluded, and the protective device case is also excluded to show lightning rods, as well as the first embodiment of the cartridge lock shaft in the protection position;

in FIG. 37 is an enlarged view of zone B shown in FIG. 36;

in FIG. 38 is a schematic perspective view of an on-off switch, a modular interface mechanism, and a first embodiment of a cartridge cassette lock shaft of the electrical device shown in FIG. one;

in FIG. 39 is a view identical to FIG. 36, showing the off switch and the first embodiment of the cartridge lock shaft in the access position;

in FIG. 40 is an enlarged view of zone B shown in FIG. 39;

in FIG. 41 is a schematic perspective view of an off switch, a modular interface mechanism, and a first embodiment of a cartridge cassette lock shaft of the electrical device shown in FIG. one;

in FIG. 42 is a schematic perspective view from below of the electrical device shown in FIG. 1, where the switch is turned on, the installation box for laying the wires is excluded, and the protective device case is also excluded to show lightning rods, as well as a second embodiment of the cartridge lock shaft in the protection position;

in FIG. 43 is a schematic perspective view of an on-off switch, a modular interface mechanism, and a second embodiment of a cartridge cassette lock shaft of the electrical device shown in FIG. one;

in FIG. 44 is a view identical to FIG. 42, showing the off switch and the second embodiment of the cartridge lock shaft in the access position;

in FIG. 45 is a schematic perspective view of an off switch, a modular interface mechanism, and a second embodiment of a cartridge cassette lock shaft of the electrical device shown in FIG. one.

The implementation of the invention

In FIG. 1, 2 and 3, an electrical device 1 is shown comprising a temporary overvoltage protection device 300, in particular of atmospheric origin, and a switch 200. The protective device 300 is electrically and mechanically connected to the switch 20 via a modular interface 100.

Switch 200 itself is known, and its detailed description is omitted.

Basically, the switch 200 comprises a housing in which the input and output electrical terminals are located, connected by an electrical circuit that the opening and closing device 230 can open.

The switch housing 200 has a general parallelepiped shape and has two parallel lateral main sides 211, a rear side containing a horizontal groove 202 for mounting it on a rail (not shown) of an electrical panel or cabinet, a front side and two opposite transverse sides, upper and lower. The rear, front, upper and lower sides are perpendicular to the lateral main sides of the housing.

On its rear side, the switch 200 contains locks 201, which allow the switch 200 to be locked on the rail of the electrical panel or cabinet. In particular, in this case, the switch housing 200 is equipped with four locks 201, two of which are made on the upper side (see Fig. 2) and two on the lower side (see Fig. 36, 38, 42 and 44) of the case. Each lock 201 is made in the form of a plate that slides in a corresponding vertical guide (not shown) of the housing between the lock position and the unlock position. There are also elastic return means (not shown in the figures), made at the same time with each lock, which tend to return each lock to the locked position. One end of each lock 201 extends into a groove 202 of the rear side of the housing, engaging with the guide of the electrical panel or cabinet in the locked lock position. The other, opposite end of each lock 201 protrudes above the upper side or under the lower side of the switch housing 200. This opposite end of each lock 201 has an opening 201A that allows each lock 201 to be pulled out of the groove 202 from its locked position to its unlocked position to overcome the elastic force return means to disengage the lock 201 from the corresponding mounting rail.

The front side of the switch housing 200 comprises a protruding facade portion in its middle zone that protrudes from a shield (not shown) through a shield window when it is mounted on a rail, for example, in an electrical cabinet. The front part contains a front side and two opposite transverse sides, which extend at right angles from the front side of the circuit breaker housing. From the front side of the front part protrude levers associated with a common control handle 230. These levers belong to the opening and closing device of the switch 200, and they can be moved using the handle 230 to manually open or close the electrical circuit connecting the input and output terminals of the switch 200 (see Fig. 3). As shown in FIG. 1 and 2, when the switch 200 is turned on (the electrical circuit is closed), its levers and its handle 230 are raised. When the switch 200 is turned off (the electrical circuit is open), its levers and its handle 230 are lowered (see FIGS. 39 and 41).

The switch 200 is a modular device in the sense that its housing has a width, measured between its two lateral main sides 211, equal to a multiple of the integer width of the base module M. In the example shown, the switch 200 is a three-phase switch (i.e. contains three phase terminals L1, L2, L3 and one neutral terminal N), whose case is four-module (its width is four times the width of the base module M) and contains one module for each pole of the switch 200. In addition, there is one disconnect lever / short circuit on each pole of the switch 200, that is, four levers associated with the handle 230.

The upper side of the switch housing 200 includes access holes to the input terminals of the switch 200, and the lower side of the switch housing contains access holes to the output terminals of the switch 200. As shown in the diagram in FIG. 3, the electric wires of phase L1, L2, L3 and neutral N (not shown) passing from the mains are connected through the indicated access holes of the upper side of the housing to the input terminals of switch 200, while the electric wires F1, F2, F3, FN, outgoing from the protective device 300, are connected through the indicated access holes of the lower side of the case to the output terminals of the switch 200. In addition, the front side of the case of the switch 200 contains holes that provide access to the screws of the input and output terminals of the switch 200.

As shown in FIG. 1, 2, 4, 5, 12, and 17, the transient overvoltage protection device 300 comprises a modular unit 310 with two parallel lateral main sides 311D, 313, a rear side containing a horizontal groove 311G for mounting it on a rail (not shown) of an electrical panel or cabinet, with the front side 312A and two opposite transverse sides, upper 311B, 312B and lower 311B, 312B. The back, front, top and bottom sides are perpendicular to the side main sides of the modular unit. The width of the modular block 310, measured between its two lateral main sides 311D, 313, in this case is equal to four times the width of the base module M. The front side 312A of the modular block 310 of the protective device 300 contains in its middle zone a protruding facade part 312'A, which is part of the specified modular unit 310, which protrudes from the shield (not shown) through the shield window when it is mounted on a rail, for example, in an electrical cabinet. The front portion 312'A includes a front side and two opposite transverse sides that extend at right angles from the front side 312A of the modular unit 310 of the security device 300.

As shown, in particular, in the electrical circuit of FIG. 3, the modular unit is a housing in which at least one varistor 333 is connected to thermal disconnecting means 335, 700, a spark gap E, as well as electric wires F1, F2, F3, FN, respectively connected to each varistor 333 and with a spark gap E, while some of these electrical wires are brought out of the housing for the purpose of connecting to the output terminals L1, L2, L3, N of the switch 200.

According to the presented example, the modular block 310 contains three varistors 333 connected at the output to the phase terminals L1, L2, L3 of the switch 200 and at the input to the neutral terminal N of the switch 200, which is also connected to the spark gap E, which, in turn, is connected to ground.

In this case, the modular unit 310 comprises a rear housing part 311, snap-connected to the housing front 312 (see FIG. 17).

The rear part 311 of the housing of the modular block 310, shown separately in FIGS. 19-22, has a bottom 311A forming the rear wall of the modular block 310, the outer side of which forms the rear side with a groove 311G. Four walls 311B, 311D extend perpendicular to the bottom 311A along the edge of the bottom 311A, namely, the upper wall 311B and the lower wall 311B parallel to each other, and two opposite side walls 311D, parallel to each other and perpendicular to the upper and lower walls 311B.

The upper and lower walls 311B of this rear part 311 of the case have snap teeth 311E and a landing groove 311E close to their free edge, which are adapted to interact with corresponding devices 312E of the front part 312 of the case.

The front part 312 of the housing of the modular block 310, shown separately in FIG. 18 has a front wall 312A defining the front wall of the modular block 310, the outer side of which forms the front side 312 of the modular block 310. This front wall 312A also forms the front side 312'A and delimits a slot 320 in the middle area of the modular block 310 in the form of a front recess side of the specified block. This slot 320 is designed to accommodate three lightning rods 330 (see FIG. 4). It is bounded by opposite lower walls 315 and upper 314, a side wall that covers one side of the front portion 312'A, and a bottom wall 312C that closes said socket 320 at the rear. The lower 315 and upper 314 walls of the slot 320 contain mounting grooves 315A, 314A for mounting said lightning rods 330, which are mounted / removable with connectors in the modular unit 310. These lower 315 and upper 314 walls also contain holes 315C, through which the connectors 801 and 802 of said lightning rods 330 come in for electrical and mechanical connection in the modular block 310 (see FIGS. 30 and 33). In addition, the bottom wall 312C of the slot 320 contains holes 312D (see FIGS. 17 and 18), the contour of which is provided for inserting the mounting pins 337 made at the back of the lightning rods 330 (see FIGS. 31 and 34) when the lightning rods 330 are connected using the connectors in the slot 320 of the modular block 310. Thus, the installer or user is sure that he connects to the modular block 310 exactly the type or caliber of the lightning rod cartridge that is provided for the protective device 300.

Finally, the front of the housing 312 includes upper and lower walls 312B that extend back perpendicular to the front wall 312A. The upper and lower walls 312B of this front part 312 of the casing have snap-on edges 312E near their free edge and a seating groove 312E configured to engage with snap teeth 311E and a seating groove 311E of the upper and lower walls 311B of the front part 312 of the housing to connect the front and rear parts 312, 311 of the housing of the modular block 310 (see Fig. 4 and 18).

As shown more clearly in FIG. 30, 31, 33, 34, each lightning rod cassette 330 includes a housing 331, in which are located a varistor 333 (overvoltage limiting device) and a thermal disconnect device 335, 700.

The housing 331 of each lightning rod cassette 330, having the general shape of a parallelepiped, contains two parallel main sides, a rear side, a front side and two opposite transverse upper and lower sides. The front side contains in its middle zone a facade portion on which the control lever 332 is located. The front part has a front side and two opposite transverse sides, upper and lower, which extend at right angles to the front side of the housing 331. The control lever 332 comprises two branches that extend from the middle zone of the facade part along two side edges of the front side of the facade part. The control lever 332 also includes a gripping part, which is perpendicular to both branches, opposite the upper transverse side of the facade of the housing 331. In this case, the control lever 332 fits into the profile of the front side and the upper transverse side of the front of the housing 331 of the lightning rod cassette 330.

As shown in particular in FIG. 1, when all three lightning rods cassettes 330 are installed in the receiving slot 320 of the modular unit 310, the front portion with the control lever 332 of each lightning rods 330 is in line with the front portion 312'A of the front side 312 of the modular block 310, and these aligned facade parts protrude from a shield (not shown) through the window of that shield when the modular unit 310 is mounted on a rail of the electrical panel or cabinet.

As shown in FIG. 3, 30, 31, 33 and 34, the varistor 333 of each lightning rod cassette 330 is made in the form of a block of metal oxides, such as zinc oxide. This unit contains tabs 333D for mounting and fitting in the inner fixtures 331D of the cassette 331. Block 333 also includes tabs 333A, 333B of electrically conductive material for connecting the varistor to the electrical network. One of the conductive tabs 333A comes into contact with the conductive plate 800, which exits from the inner wall 331C of the cassette body 331, forming a terminal 801 that provides electrical connection to one of the electrical wires of phase F1, F2, F3 of the modular unit 310. The other of these tabs 333B is inserted into a clip that holds it in contact with a conductive plate that extends from the upper side of the cassette body 331, forming a terminal 802 that provides electrical connection to a conductive plate 500 electrically connected to an electric cal neutral wire FN modular unit 310.

Each varistor 333 has an exceptionally non-linear voltage / current characteristic. Above a certain voltage threshold at the terminals of the varistor 333, the resistance of the varistor 333 drops, providing removal of the current that creates the overvoltage. When the voltage returns to the normal acceptable level, the resistance of the varistor 333 again assumes its value of the standby state. With strong amplitudes of the deflected current, the voltage at the terminals of the varistor increases. The service life of the varistor 333 is limited depending on the effects, the properties of the ceramic blocks deteriorate, the leakage current of the varistor in the standby state increases, and the thermal resistance of the varistor decreases. That is why in each lightning rod cassette 330 a thermal disconnect device 335, 700 is provided, which, if the heat capacity of the varistor 333 is exceeded, disconnects the varistor 333 from the electrical network to which the protective device 300 is connected to avoid damage associated with this excess of heat capacity.

As shown in FIG. 30, 31, 33 and 34, each thermal disconnect device contains a fuse 335 (made in the form of a corner plate of fusible material), which holds the insulating slider 700 in the connected position (see Fig. 30 and 31) with overcoming the action of the tensile spring ( not shown in the figures). The slider 700 is slidably mounted on the wings 336, and a tension spring is tensioned between the slider 700 and the fixed part of the housing 331 of the lightning rod cassette 330, trying to force the slider 700 to move from its connection position to the disconnected position (see FIGS. 33 and 34), in which the insulating wall 710 of the slider 700 extends between the conductive tab 333A of the corresponding varistor 333 and the conductive plate 800 of the connection with the phase electric wire to open the electrical circuit and disconnect the varistor 333 from the electrical circuit with which oh he's connected. The fuse 335 is in contact with the conductive tab 333C emerging from the varistor 333, so when the varistor 333 is old and the heat threshold passes, the heat transferred by the conductive tab 333C due to the heat conduction to the fuse 335 causes it to melt and release the slider 700 which the tension spring moves to its detachment position.

The modular unit 310 of the protective device 300 and the switch 200 are adjacent to each other and are connected to one of their lateral main sides. To connect them, the modular block 310 has two hooks 340 that protrude from the modular block 310 through the corresponding side main side 313 (Figs. 4 and 5), and corresponding windows are provided in the corresponding side main side of the switch 200 (not shown in the figures). Hooks 340 are actuated by locks 341 that lock the hooks 340 that engage the switch 200.

As shown in FIG. 1, 2, 4, 5, the outside of the modular block 310, the protective device 300 includes a mounting box 400 of electrical insulation material, in which electric wires F1, F2, F3, FN extend outside the modular block 310, passing in the lower part through the lateral main side 311B, 313 of the modular block 310, by which the modular block 310 is connected to the switch 200, for electrical connection with the output terminals of the switch 200.

This mounting box 400 comprises a base 410 covered by a lid 420 (see FIGS. 6 and 9). It is attached to the lower side of the switch 200 so that the outer side of its cover 420 is pressed against the lower side of the switch 200 and that the outer side of its base 410 is located in the continuation of the lower side of the modular block 310 of the protective device 300. Thus, the electrical device 1, consisting of the switch 200 and the protective device 300, together with the mounting box 400 forms a unitary unit having the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped (see Fig. 1 and 2).

The free ends E1, E2, E3, EN of the indicated electric wires F1, F2, F3, FN exit the mounting box 400 through the openings 421 of the cover 420 for connection with the output terminals of the switch 200 (see Fig. 4 and 5).

Preferably, the base 410 is separated from the modular block 310 of the protective device 300 (as shown, in particular in FIG. 5, a gap E remains between the base 410 and the modular block 310) and, on the one hand, holding means 412A, 412B, 412C are provided, 412D, 414A, 414B, 414C, 414D, interacting with electric wires F1, F2, F3, FN to hold each electric wire F1, F2, F3, FN in a certain position, and, on the other hand, mounting means 415, 415A, 417 , 417A, 418, 418A for mounting the specified base 410 on the switch 200 (see Fig. 6, 7, 9, 10, 13, 14).

The specified means of holding 412A, 412B, 412C, 412D, 414A, 414B, 414C, 414D of the base 410 are configured to hold the free ends E1, E2, E3, EN of the electrical wires F1, F2, F3, FN on line A in positions at regular intervals (see Fig. 4).

Preferably, the base 410 minimizes the length of the electrical wires F1, F2, F3, FN between the varistors 333 of the protective device 300 and the terminals L1, L2, L3, LN of the switch 200, which avoids the occurrence of residual overvoltage and complies with the provisions of the French norm NF 15/100. The base 410 also provides the retention of electrical wires F1, F2, F3, FN in certain exact positions, which allows you to use not rigid, but flexible wires, which are cheaper.

As shown in particular in FIG. 6-14, the base 410 is a cast one-piece part made of rigid plastic material that contains a base plate 411, in this case a rectangular contour, and walls 412, 413, 414 extending upward perpendicular to the base plate from its inner side 411A.

Three of these walls 412, called side walls and front wall, frame the base plate 411 with three adjacent side edges, forming with the base plate 410 an open one-sided casing in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped. Another wall 413, called the back wall, extends along the fourth lateral edge of the base plate 410, while being at a distance from the edge of the plate. Other walls 414, referred to as internal walls, are located within the space defined by the side walls 412, the front wall 412 and the rear wall 413 of the base 410.

One of the side walls 412 (located opposite the lateral main side 313 of the modular block 310 of the protective device 300) and the inner walls 414 contain cutouts 412A, 412B, 412C, 412D, 414A, 414B, 414C, 414D with a rounded bottom into which these electrical wires are laid F1, F2, F3, FN and which form the specified means of retention. As shown in FIG. 12, the electric wires F1, F2, F3, FN exiting the modular block 310 enter the cap 410 through the cutouts 412A, 412B, 412C, 412D of the corresponding side wall 412 of the cap 410, then pass in the cap 410 along a path defined in particular , cutouts 414A, 414B, 414C, 414D of the inner walls 414. The neutral electric wire FN follows a longer path defined by the cutouts 414D, then, in decreasing order, the phase electric wire F1 follows the path defined by the cutouts 414A, and the phase electric wire F2 follows the path defined by notches 414B. The phase electric wire F3 follows the shortest path defined by the curved wall 414C, on which said electric wire F3 rests.

As shown in FIG. 15 and 16, the lid is a cast one-piece part made of rigid plastic material, which is a rectangular locking plate, the dimensions of which correspond, taking into account the gap, to the dimensions of the internal space bounded by the inner sides of the side 412, front 412 and rear 413 walls of the base 410. As shown in FIG. 6, 8 and 9, this locking plate 420 is located between the side 412, front 412 and rear 413 walls of the base 410 above the inner walls 414 of the specified base, covering the mouth of the cutouts 412A, 412B, 412C, 412D of the walls of the base 410 and blocking the electrical wires F1, F2 , F3, FN in the cutouts. This locking plate 420 contains in-line through holes 421 (see FIGS. 4 and 15) in this case of elongated shape, through which the free ends E1, E2, E3, EN of the indicated electric wires F1, F2, F3, FN exit from the mounting box 400 for connection with the output terminals of the switch 200 (see Fig. 4 and 5).

On its inner side 420A facing the cap 410, the locking plate 420 comprises means for holding said electrical wires F1, F2, F3, FN. These retention means comprise walls 424, 424A, 424B, 424D, which are formed from the inner side 420A of the locking plate 420 of said cover, perpendicular to this plate.

The wall 424 of the cover closes the corresponding hole in the side wall 412 of the base 410 above the mouth of said cutouts 412A, 412B, 412C (see Figs. 8 and 14). Other cover walls 424A, 424B, 424D guide and hold electrical wires F1, F2, F3, FN at the bottom of the corresponding cutouts of base 410.

The lid 420 and the base 410 comprise snap means configured to cooperate with each other to connect the lid to the base. These snap means comprise teeth 412E protruding on the inside of the side and front walls 412 of the base 410 and catching on an edge 422A of the brackets 422 formed on the edge of the lid lock plate 420 (see FIGS. 12-15). The base plate 411 of the base 410 contains opposite the teeth 412E of the hole 419 (see Fig. 8), through which the end of the tool accesses the outside of the mounting box 400 to the specified snap teeth 412E to disconnect the base 410 and the cover 420. The snap-in means also contain snap on the cover 420 the teeth 423A on the tabs 423 made on the edge of the locking plate 420 and on the base 425, and the windows 413A, respectively, provided in the rear wall 413 of the base (see figure 10 and 14). Finally, racks 426 are provided on the lid 420, rising perpendicularly from the inner side 420A of the locking plate 420. These racks 426 are distributed along the edge of the locking plate 420 and oriented so that one edge thereof is directly above the edge of the locking plate. These struts 426 are supported on the inside of the walls of the base 410 when the cover 420 is latched onto the base 410 to enhance the retention of the cover 420 in position on the base 410.

The mounting box 400 (base 410, closed by a cover 420) is mounted on the switch 200 using the specified mounting means of the base 410. These mounting means of the base 410 are snap means.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 13 and 14, said mounting racks include racks 415, 417, which comprise snap teeth 415A, 417A at their free ends. Racks 415, 417 are made from the inner side 411A of the base plate 411 of the base perpendicular to this plate. One pair of inner pillars 415 is located in the inner space bounded by the side walls 412, front 412 and rear 213 of the base 410 and closed by a locking plate 420. The other two pairs of outer pillars 417 are located on the edge of the base 410 behind the rear wall 413 of the base 410 outside the inner space bounded side 412, front 412 and rear 213 walls of the base 410 and closed by a locking plate 420. Each pair of outer posts 417 forms a fork with two parallel branches, on which two snap-in sockets are made rd 417a oriented in opposite directions. These forks are designed to fit into the grooves provided on the rear side of the switch housing 200, for engagement with the edge of the cutouts made on the walls opposite these grooves. The engagement and disengagement of each fork is accomplished by drawing together the branches 417, which are slightly elastically bent. As shown in FIG. 4, the lid-forming locking plate 420 contains additional openings 425 through which the inner posts 415 of the base 410 pass so that their free ends with snap teeth 415A extend outside the mounting box 400 and can catch on the edge of the corresponding openings on the lower side of the switch housing 200. U the foot of the inner struts 415, the base plate 411 of the base 410 contains holes 419 through which the end of the tool penetrates to the snap teeth 415A of the internal struts 415A to disconnect the base 410 and, consequently Actually, mounting box 400 from switch 200.

Finally, as shown in FIG. 8, 13 and 14, in the base plate 411 of the base 410 of the mounting duct 400, two flexible tabs 411L are cut out. Each of the reeds 411L has a free end located on the edge of the specified base plate 411 and connected to the exhaust bracket 416, which is perpendicular to the specified tongue 411L from two sides from it (in the direction perpendicular to the base plate). Each exhaust bracket 416 has a gripping hole 416A located in the portion of the exhaust bracket 416, which is located on the outside of the base plate 411 and connected to a hook 418A, which extends the portion 418 of the exhaust bracket 416, located on the inner side 411A of the base plate 411. Each the hook 418A is designed to engage the rear of the switch 200 with the mounting tab of the switch 200, and thanks to the exhaust brackets 416 of the mounting box 400, you can pull these mounting tabs of the switch to disconnect them from the mounting rail on which the switch 200 is mounted.

Preferably, a modular interface 100 is provided in the electrical device 1 shown in the various figures, providing a mechanical and serial electrical connection to the switch 200 and the overvoltage protection device 300.

This modular interface 100 in this case is part of the protective device 300 in the sense that its mechanism, which will be described below, is completely located in the housing (modular block 310) of the protective device 300, but in the embodiment not shown, it can be provided that the modular interface had its own case installed between the switch case and the protective device case.

This modular interface 100 comprises hooks 340 driven by locks 341 (described above) for connecting the modular unit 310 of the security device 300 to the switch housing 200.

As shown in FIG. 3, 18, 23-29, the modular interface 100 also includes:

- an electric switch 110 connected by electric wires 111, 112, 113 with a connector 120 configured to transmit a signal characterizing the operating state of the switch 200 and / or the protective device 300;

- the first safety mechanical element 130, designed to connect with the opening / closing levers (forming together with the handle 230 the opening and closing device) of the switch 200, configured to move between the cocked position (Fig. 26 and 27), corresponding to the on state of the opening device and circuit breaker 200, and the off position (Fig. 28 and 29), corresponding to the off state of the opening and closing circuit breaker 200, while the first mechanical safety lement 130 may in this disengaged position actuate an electrical switch 110 for transmitting a signal indicative of the OFF state of the switch 200; and

- the second safety mechanical element 140, different from the first safety mechanical element 130 and working independently of the latter, designed to be connected to the protective device 300 and configured to move between the resting position (see FIGS. 26 and 29) corresponding to the normal operating state of the protective device 300, and the off position (FIGS. 27 and 28) corresponding to turning off the varistor 333 (overvoltage limiting device) of said protective device 300, while said second the safety mechanical element 140 can, in this switched off position, actuate an electric switch 110 without affecting the position of said first safety mechanical element 130, for transmitting a signal characterizing the shutdown of the safety device 300, being in the path (Fig. 28) along which the first safety mechanical element 130 from its off position (FIG. 28) to its cocked position (FIG. 27), so that in this off position (FIG. 28), said second safety mechanical element 140 forms an abutment 143 for the first safety mechanical element 130, preventing the passage of the latter to the cocked position from its off position.

As shown in FIG. 17 and 20, the connector 120 is mounted on the rear side of the rear part 311 of the housing of the modular block 310 of the protective device 300 in the socket 311F, made in the form of a recess on this rear side. In the installed position on the modular block 310, the connector 120 is accessible on top of the modular block 310 for connection to a signaling interface (not shown) showing the data transmitted by the specified connector.

The first and second safety mechanical elements 130, 140 are mounted to rotate freely around two shafts A1, A2 with parallel axes X1, X2 (see FIG. 23), mounted in the housing 310 of the protective device 300.

According to the preferred example shown in FIG. 23-29, the first and second safety mechanical elements 130, 140 can each independently turn the rocker arm 150, which leads to the closure of the electrical switch 110.

This beam 150 is a unitary part made of an insulating material. It contains:

- the Central part 151, installed with the possibility of free rotation around a fixed shaft A3 with an axis X3, parallel to the axes X1, X2 of rotation of the first and second safety mechanical elements 130, 140, and containing a finger 152 control the specified electrical switch 110, and

- two branches 153, 154, which extend from the central part 151 essentially opposite to each other, while one of the 153 messages contains a supporting surface 153A facing the first safety mechanical element 130, and the other branch 154 contains a supporting surface 154A facing the second a mechanical safety element 140, wherein said first and second mechanical safety elements 130, 140 are supported respectively on the supporting surfaces 153A, 154A of the branches 153, 154 of the rocker arm 150 to turn it electrically from switch 110 (see. Figs. 29 and 27).

The first mechanical safety element 130 is a unitary piece of insulating material, which contains a pad 131, on one side of which there is a support 132 for installing the shaft A1 with the axis X1 and on the other opposite side of which there is a pin 133 for connecting to the opening and closing device ( the levers associated with the handle 230) of the switch 200. The mechanical connection between the pin 133 and the switch 200 occurs through the hole 313A of the lateral main side 313 of the modular block 310 of the protective device 300, through oruyu latter is connected to the switch 200 (see. FIG. 17). The pad 131 comprises a drive finger 134 for controlling the electrical switch 110 and is extended by a shoulder 135 located on the same side as the drive finger 134 and having an elbow 136 at its free end that is capable of abutting against said stop 143 of the second safety mechanical element 140 located in the off position (see Fig. 28).

The second safety mechanical element 140 is a unitary piece of insulating material, which comprises a shoulder 141, on which a drive pin 142 for controlling the electric switch 110 is made, and which contains, on the one hand, a free end 143 defining said stop for said first safety mechanical element 130, and, on the other hand, opposite to the indicated free end 143 - the end 144, installed with the possibility of free rotation on the shaft A2 with the axis X2, which is located in the lower part of the housing 311 of the modular block 310 of the protective device 300, and this end 144 is connected with a lever 145, worn on the shaft A2 and made to rotate around this shaft A2 under the action of at least one drive 160, which is released during the disconnection of the varistor 333 (surge arresters) of said protective device 300.

As shown more clearly in FIG. 23, the shoulder 141 of the second safety mechanical element 140 is integral with the lever 145, forming a monoblock part of a common L-shaped.

The lever 145 comprises a body formed by successive tubular parts 146 with an axis X2 into which the shaft A2 is mounted.

The lever 145 and the shoulder 141 are installed in the internal devices 317, 318 of the rear part 311 of the housing of the modular block 310 (see Figs. 19 and 21). These internal devices include tabs 317 with cut-outs 317A with a rounded bottom into which shaft A2 is mounted, and a plurality of walls 318 that wedge said lever 145 so that the shoulder 141 is positioned properly relative to the lateral main side 311D of the modular block 310 and relative to others elements (in particular, the first safety mechanical element 130) of the modular interface 100.

An elastic return means is provided which seeks to translate the second safety mechanical element 140 into its resting position. In this case, the elastic return means is a wire spring 148 wound around the body 146 of the specified second safety mechanical element 140, while one end of the wire spring 148 is connected to the specified body 146, and the other end of the wire spring 148 is blocked on the fixed part of the modular interface, in this case, on the inner side of the upper wall 311B of the rear part 311 of the housing (see Fig. 21-25).

As shown in FIG. 21-25, in the present embodiment, three actuators 160 are provided distributed along the body 146 of the lever 145 of the second safety mechanical element 140, with each actuator 160 comprising a rear portion 165 (see FIGS. 32 and 35) that extends into the free space 147 between two tubular parts of the body 146.

Each drive 160 is associated with a varistor of the lightning rod cartridge 330 of the safety device 300.

Typically, as many actuators 160 are provided as varistors 333 of the safety device 300.

Each actuator 160, on the one hand, is connected to the rear part 311 of the housing of the modular block 310 through an elastic return means 170, which tends to translate the specified actuator into the release position, in which it places the specified lever 145 in the off position corresponding to the off position of the shoulder 141 of the specified second safety mechanical element 140, and, on the other hand, is held by element 600 of the lightning rod cartridge 330 associated with the fuse 335, in the connection position in which the specified elastic return means 170 is under mechanical stress.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 30-35, each actuator 160 comprises a pad whose rear side 161 is concave so as to abut against the outer cylindrical surface of the tubular portion of the body 146 of the lever 145. Thus, each actuator 160 is rotatably mounted about the shaft A2. The rounded upper edge 162 of the platform of each actuator 160 is supported by a lever 145 connected to the shoulder 141 of the second safety element 140. The rear part 165 of the actuator 160 extends from the rear side 161 of the platform between the two tubular parts 146 of the body of the lever 145 towards the bottom of the rear part 311 of the module housing 310. This rear part 165 comprises an opening 166 in which the end 171 of the tension spring 170 is fixed, the other end of which is connected to a pin 316 formed on the bottom 311A of the rear part 311 of the housing (see FIGS. 21 and 22). In addition, a pin 164 is provided on the front side 163 of the platform of each drive 160. This pin 164 passes through the window 331E of the rear wall of the housing 331 of the corresponding lightning rod cassette 330 so that its free end rests on the rear side 602 of the inner element 600 of the specified lightning cassette 330. As shown in FIG. 31 and 34, this inner member 600 is an elongated bar along the varistor block 333 of the lightning rod cartridge 330. This bar 600 includes a longitudinal groove 603 that slides along the inner rib 331B of the housing 331 of the lightning rod cartridge 330. Opposite its rear side 602, the bar 600 contains the front side 601, resting on the side 701 of the slider 700 (thermal device for disconnecting the lightning rods 330), held in the fused position 335. In this connection position, shown ohm FIG. 31 and 32, a bar 600 supported by a slider 700 held by a fuse 335, holds, through a pin 164, a drive pad 160 oriented downward in a specified joint position in which the tension spring 170 is tensioned and the lever 145 as well as the second safety arm 141 mechanical member 140 are in a resting position. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 34 and 35, when the slider 700 occupies its disconnect position due to the fuse 335 fusing as a result of exceeding the heat capacity of the varistor 333 of the lightning cassette 330, it releases the front side support 601 of the bar 600. The bar 600 can slide freely along the inner rib 331B and does not no resistance to the pin 164 of the actuator 160, which the tension spiral spring 170 pulls, returning to its original compressed state. In this case, the tension spiral spring 170 makes the drive 160 rotate upward, which, due to the support of the rounded upper edge 162 of its platform, causes the lever 145 and the shoulder 141 of the second safety mechanical element 140 to rotate from the rest position (lower) to the off position (upper), in which, on the one hand, the drive pin 142 of the arm 141 actuates through the beam 150 an electric switch 110 connected to the connector 120, and, on the other hand, the stop 143 of the arm 141 of the second safety mechanical element 140 is in the path of the first safety mechanical element 130 between its switched off and cocked positions.

Next, with reference to FIG. 26-29 follows the operation of the modular interface 100.

As shown in FIG. 26, during normal operation of the electrical device 1 associated with the local electrical circuit (the switch 200 is turned on and the varistors 333 of the protective device 300 are connected to the electrical network), the pad 131 of the first safety mechanical element 130 is raised to the cocked position in which its drive pin 134 is not comes into contact with the supporting surface 153A of the rocker arm 150, and the shoulder 141 of the second safety mechanical element 140 is lowered to the rest position, in which the drive pin 142 of the shoulder 141 still remains in contact with the supporting the beam 154A of the rocker arm 150, the control finger 152 of which is in contact with the push button of the electric switch 110.

When one of the varistors 333 of the protective device 300 exceeds its heat capacity as a result of aging, this causes the fuse 335 of the corresponding lightning rod cassette 330 to melt: as a result, the shutdown signaling device (not shown) on the front side of the lightning rod cassette is activated, and also the rotation the corresponding actuator 160 from its lower connection position to its upper release position. In this rotation, the actuator 160 carries the lever 145 and the shoulder 141 of the second safety mechanical element 140, which rotate around the shaft A2 from the lower resting position to the turned off position, in which the drive pin 142 of the shoulder 141 pushes the supporting surface 154A, turning the beam 150 around its shaft A3 in the direction of the electric switch 110 so that the finger 152 control rocker 150 pressed the push button of the electric switch 110 (see Fig. 27). Thus, the drive pin 142 of the arm 141 of the second safety mechanical element 140 drives the electrical switch 110 of the connector 120, which transmits the trip information of the safety device 300 to the processing and display device not shown. As shown in FIG. 27, in the off position of the second safety mechanical element 140, the stop 143 provided on the free end of the arm 141 rises and enters the path of the first safety mechanical element 130 between its turned off and cocked positions. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 27, said first safety mechanical element 130 did not move and remained cocked, since the switch 200 remained on (the electrical circuit is closed).

As shown in FIG. 28, in order to be able to replace the faulty lightning rod cassette 330 in normal safety conditions, the user isolates the electrical device 1 from the electrical circuit, opening the specified electrical circuit by turning off the switch 200 (which corresponds to lowering the handle 230 and the associated levers). Lowering the levers by acting on the handle 230 leads, through the pin 133, to turn down the first safety mechanical element 130 around the shaft A1 from its cocked position to its off position, and the drive pin 134 of the pad 131 presses the rocker arm surface 153A 150, turning it around the shaft A3 in the direction of the electric switch 110. The control finger 152 of the rocker arm 150 pushes the push button of the electric switch 110 (see FIG. 28). Thus, the drive finger 134 of the pad 131 of the first safety mechanical element 130 drives an electrical switch 110 of the connector 120, which transmits information to open or switch off the switch 200 to the processing and indication device not shown.

In FIG. 28 it can be seen that the second safety mechanical element 140, turned off, prevents the circuit breaker 200 from being closed or restarted, since the free end 143 of the shoulder 141 of the second safety mechanical element 140 is opposite the knee 136 of the shoulder 135 of the first safety mechanical element 130. If the user tries raise the handle 230 of the switch 200 to close the electrical circuit, the elbow 136 of the first safety mechanical element 130, rotated around the shaft A1 levers and through the pin 133 from the off position to the cocked position, abuts against the specified free end 143 (forming an emphasis) of the shoulder 141. The stop of the knee 136 of the first safety mechanical element 130 at the free end 143 of the shoulder 141 of the second safety mechanical element 140 does not let the first safety mechanical element 10 in its cocked position, which prevents the circuit circuit of the switch 200.

Thus, before turning on the switch 200 again, the user replaces the faulty lightning rod cassette 330 in the protective device 300. The bar 600 of the new lightning rod cassette 330 lowers the corresponding actuator 160 through the pin 164 to the connection position by tensioning the tension spring 170. When the actuator 160 returns to the connected position, it releases the lever 145 and the shoulder 141 of the second safety mechanical element 140, then, under the action of the wire spring 148, rotates from its off position to the rest position, in which it moves away from the rocker arm 150 and the first safety mechanical element 130 (see Fig. 29). In this rest position, the second safety mechanical element 140 departs from the path along which the first safety mechanical element 130 passes between its turned off position and the cocked position. The user can again turn on the levers of the switch 200 with the handle 230 to close the electrical circuit, since the first safety mechanical element 130 can freely rotate around the shaft A1 from its off position to the cocked position under the action of the levers of the switch 200 through the connecting pin 133. Rocker 150, which is not acted upon by a pushing force in the direction of the electric switch 110, neither the first nor the second safety mechanical elements ceases to press the electronic push button ktricheskogo switch 110. Conventionally, this push button returns to its original stable position under the action of elastic return means and pushes the rocker arm 150 which pivots about shaft A3 in its initial position shown in FIG. 26.

It should be noted that the movement and action of the second safety mechanical element 140 are different and independent of the movement and action of the first safety mechanical element 130. Each safety mechanical element 130, 140 acts independently on the electrical switch 110 so that the connector 120 transmits information related with the operation of the switch 200 and the protective device 300, but the action of the second safety mechanical element 140 has no effect on the switch 200 in the sense which does not automatically lead to opening or closing of the switch 200. The main function of the first and second safety mechanical elements 130, 140 is the function of transmitting the operating state (normal or emergency) of the electrical device 1 (forming an automatically protected lightning rod device).

According to a preferred feature of the security device 300 shown in various figures, the front portion 312 of the modular unit 310 comprises a shaft 190; 190 ', called a “cartridge lock shaft”, having at least one lock member 191; 191 ', and this shaft 190; 190 'is mounted movably in the modular block 310 so that its movement is associated with the movement of the device 230 opening and closing the switch 200, while the specified shaft 190; 190 'cartridge lock can occupy two different positions, namely, on the one hand, the first position, called the "protection position", corresponding to the on state of the switch, in which each blocking element 191; 191 'interacts with the corresponding part 334; 334 'of the lightning rod cassette 330, preventing the removal and / or insertion of the specified lightning rod cassette 330, and, on the other hand, the second position, called the "access position", corresponding to the off state of the switch, in which each locking element 191; 191 'exempts said relevant part 334; 334 'of the lightning rod cassette 330, allowing extraction and / or insertion of the specified lightning rod cassette 330.

Preferably, an elastic return means 193 is provided; 193 ', which seeks to return the shaft 190; 190 'cartridge lock in its protection position.

As shown in FIG. 36-45, shaft 190; 190 'cartridge lock contains the same number of locking elements 191; 191 ', how many lightning rods 330 are in the indicated slot 320.

In this case, the shaft 190; The cartridge lock 190 'comprises three lock members 191; 191 ', each of which is associated with a single lightning cassette 330.

According to a first embodiment shown in FIG. 36-41, the cartridge lock shaft 190 has an end 192 that interacts with a transmission element 180 that is rotationally coupled to the first mechanical safety element 130 of the modular interface 100 and mounted to rotate freely around the A4 shaft with an axis parallel to the rotation axis X1 of said first safety mechanical element 130.

The cartridge lock shaft 190 contains at least one protrusion 191 (it contains as many protrusions as the lightning rods have a protective device), in this case it contains three protrusions 191 and can occupy two different angular positions, namely:

- the first position, called the "position of protection" (see Fig. 36-38), corresponding to the cocked position of the specified first safety mechanical element 130 (see Fig. 38); and

- the second position, called the "access position" (see Fig. 39-41, corresponding to the off position of the specified first safety mechanical element 130 (see Fig. 41).

In particular, as shown in FIG. 18 and 22, a cartridge lock shaft 190 is mounted underneath a bottom wall 315 that defines a receptacle slot 320 for lightning rods 330 of the front portion 312 of the housing of the modular unit 310. This shaft 190 is rotatably mounted in cutouts with a rounded bottom of the internal devices 319B (forming pivot bearings ) lower front of the housing 319. The shaft 190 is held in these supports 319B by holding tabs 319A extending from this lower housing portion 319B.

As shown in FIG. 18, a window 315B is provided at the bottom of each front wall 315 of the front part 312 of the housing of the modular block 310 at the bottom of each of the mounting grooves 315A of the lightning cassettes 330, which is opposite each protrusion 191 formed on the cartridge lock shaft 190.

As shown in FIG. 38-41, the transmission element 180 has the shape of a butterfly with a cylindrical central body, on the outside of which two wings 181, 182 are made, mainly extending in opposite directions. The cylindrical central body has an axial hole and is worn on a shaft A4, mounted on the housing of the modular unit 310 (see Fig. 23). One of the wings 181 of the transmission element 180 is constantly supported by a wall 137 located on the inner side of the platform 131 of the first safety mechanical element 130, on which there is also a support 132 for mounting the shaft A1. The other wing 182 of the transmission element 180 is constantly supported by said end 192 of the cartridge lock shaft 190. This end 192 is made in the form of a plate extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 190.

Thus, when the levers of the switch 200, actuated by the handle 230, rotate the first safety mechanical element 130 around its shaft A1 between the cocked position and the off position, it entrains the cartridge lock shaft 190, which rotates between the protection position and the access position.

In addition, the elastic returning means, which seeks to rotate the cartridge lock shaft 190 to its protection position, is a wire spring 193 wound around the cartridge lock shaft 190, one end of which is connected to the shaft and the other end of which is locked on the fixed part (bottom part 319 housing) of the modular block 310.

In the protection position, each protrusion 191 of the cartridge lock shaft 190 protrudes through a window 315B into the mounting groove 315A of the corresponding lightning rod cartridge 330 (see FIG. 18). In this position, each protrusion 191 is in the abutment position on the inclined face 334A of the protrusion 334, made on the lower side 331C of the housing 331 of each lightning rod cassette 330 inserted into each groove 315A of the modular block 310 (see Figs. 36 and 37). Thus, the protrusions 191 in the protective position prevent the lightning rods 330 from being disconnected from the modular unit 310 of the security device 300.

In the access position, each protrusion 191 of the cartridge lock shaft 190 moves away from the mouth of said window 315B into the housing of the modular unit 310, allowing one or more lightning rods to be installed and / or removed in the modular unit 310 of the security device 300 (see FIGS. 39 and 40) .

According to a second embodiment shown in FIG. 42-45, the cartridge lock shaft 190 'is made in the form of a bar installed with the possibility of translational movement in the direction T of translational motion in the modular unit.

This strip has at least one cutout 191 '(in this case, three cutouts 191'), oriented in the direction T of the translational movement of the specified strip so that, on the one hand, in the specified position of protection, each cutout 191 'comes into contact with the protrusion 334 ', formed on the lower side 331C of the housing 331 of the lightning rod cartridge 330 to connect this lightning rod cartridge 330 to the cartridge lock shaft 190' (see FIG. 42), and, on the other hand, in the indicated access position, each cutout 191 'moves away protrusion 334 'made on the corresponding lightning ejector tap 330 to disconnect this lightning tap 330 from the cartridge lock shaft 190 '(see FIG. 44).

The bar 190 ′ comprises, sequentially, starting from the end located on the side of the switch 200, a first rectangular cutout 191 ′ and two L-shaped cutouts, parts of a shorter length which are located in the direction T of the translational movement and form the indicated cutouts 191 ′ for engagement on the protrusions 334 '' lightning rods 330.

According to this second embodiment, the resilient return means, which seeks to move the cartridge lock shaft 190 'into its protection position, is a compression coil spring 193' mounted between the end portion 192'A of the cartridge lock shaft 190 'and the fixed part of the modular unit 310.

The cartridge lock shaft 190 'is also located under the bottom wall, which limits the receptacle for installing lightning rods 330 in the front of the module housing, and the protrusions 334' protruding from the lower sides 331C of the lightning rods 330 pass through windows made in the bottom of the mounting grooves lightning cassettes 330, interacting with these cutouts 191 'shaft 190' of the cartridge lock.

Furthermore, according to this second embodiment, as shown in particular in FIG. 44 and 45, when the first safety mechanical element 130 moves from the cocked position to the off position, it can rest on the edge 192 'at the end 192' of the cartridge lock shaft 190 ', pushing it into its access position with overcoming the return action of the compression coil spring 193' .

Preferably shaft 190; The cartridge lock 190 'forces the user to open the electrical circuit to which the electrical device 1 is connected by opening or turning off the switch 200 to operate on one of the lightning rods 330 of the security device 300. Thus, the security device 300 provides secure access for the user.

During normal operation of the electrical device 1, the protective device 300 is connected to the electrical network through a switch 200 that is turned on (whose electrical circuit is closed), and the first safety mechanical element 130 is in the cocked position (see FIGS. 38 and 43). According to a first embodiment, the wire spring 193 holds the cartridge lock shaft 190 in its protection position, in which the protrusions 191 formed on it abut against the inclined faces 334A of the protrusions 334 of the lightning rods 330 of the security device 300, preventing the user from removing one of these lightning rods 330 from modular block 310 (Fig. 36 and 37). According to a second embodiment, the coil spring 193 'pushes the cartridge lock shaft 190' into its protection position, in which the cutouts 191 'extend onto the protrusions 334' of the lightning rods 330 of the security device, preventing the user from removing one of these lightning rods 330 from the modular unit 310 (Fig. 42 and 43).

When the user needs to replace one of the lightning rods 330, which failed due to the aging of the varistor 333, which has exceeded its heat capacity (and is disconnected from the electrical circuit by a thermal disconnect device), it opens the electrical circuit of the switch 200, lowering the handle 230 to actuate the levers. This leads to the rotation of the pad 131 of the first safety mechanical element 130 around the shaft A1 from its cocked position to its off position. According to a first embodiment of the cartridge lock shaft, this pad 131 rotates through the wall 137 pushing the wing 181, the transmission element 180, the wing 182 of which pushes the end 192 of the cartridge lock shaft 190 to rotate this shaft 190 from its protection position to the override position a tensioning wire spring 193. During rotation of the cartridge lock shaft 190, the protrusions 190 slide along the inclined faces 334A of the protrusions 334 formed on the lower sides 331C of the lightning rods 330 and enter the housing modularly block 310 under the bottom wall 315 of the socket 320 into which the lightning rods 330 are inserted. In the access position, the protrusions 191 extend under the protrusions 334 of the lightning rods 330 (FIGS. 39 and 40), and the user can remove the damaged lightning rods 330 from the modular unit of the protective device and replace it with a new one. According to a second embodiment of the cartridge lock shaft, this pad 131 rests on the edge 192'A of the end 192 'of the cartridge lock shaft 190', pushing it forward in the direction T from its protection position to the access position with overcoming the action of the compressible compression coil spring 193 '. During the translational movement of the cartridge lock shaft 190 ', the notches 191' move in the translational direction T, moving away from said protrusions 334 'of the lightning cassettes 330. In the access position, as shown in FIG. 44, the cutouts 191 'extend from the protrusions 334' of the lightning rods 330, and the user can remove the damaged lightning rods 330 from the modular block of the protective device and replace it with a new one.

When all lightning rods 330 of the protective device 300 are operational, the user can again close the electrical circuit of the switch 200 by lifting the handle 230, which actuates the levers, as a result of which the platform 131 of the first safety mechanical element 130 is rotated from the off position to the cocked position. According to a first embodiment of the cartridge lock shaft, said pad 131 stops pressing the transmission element 180, and the wire spring 193 is opened, returning the cartridge lock shaft 190 to its protection position, in which the protrusions 191 formed thereon protrude through said windows 315B above the bottom wall 315 nests 320, in which lightning rods 330 are inserted, and abut against the inclined edges 334A of the protrusions 334 of lightning rods 330 (FIGS. 36 and 37). Thus, the cartridge lock shaft 190 with its protrusions 191 blocks the lightning rods 330 in the modular unit 310 of the security device 300. According to a second embodiment of the cartridge lock shaft, said pad 131 moves away from the edge 192 ′ at the end 192 ′ of the cartridge lock shaft 190 ′ and stops rely on him. The compression spiral spring 193 ′ is expanded, returning the cartridge lock shaft 190 ′ to its protection position, in which its notches 191 ′ extend onto the protrusions 334 ′ of the lightning rods 330 (FIG. 42). Thus, the cartridge lock shaft 190 'with its cutouts 191' blocks the lightning rods 330 in the modular unit of the security device.

The present invention is by no means limited to the described and shown embodiments, and the specialist can supplement it with any versions.

Claims (23)

1. The modular interface (100), designed to provide mechanical and serial electrical connection of the switch (200) and the device (300) protection against temporary overvoltages, in particular, atmospheric origin, while the modular interface contains: - an electric switch (110) connected to a connector (120) configured to transmit a signal characterizing the operating state of the switch (200) and / or protective device (300), and - the first safety mechanical element (130), designed to connect to the device (230) for opening and closing the switch (200), configured to move between the cocked position corresponding to the on state of the device (230) for opening and closing the switch (200), and off the position corresponding to the off state of the device (230) opening and closing the switch (200), while the first safety mechanical element (130) is made with the possibility in this off position when drive an electric switch (110) to transmit a signal characterizing the off state of the switch (200), characterized in that it contains a second safety mechanical element (140), different from the first safety mechanical element (130) and working independently of it, designed to connect to a protective device (300) and made with the possibility of movement between the resting position corresponding to the state of normal operation protective device (300), and the off position corresponding to the disconnection of the device (333) limiting the overvoltage of the specified protective device (300), while the second safety mechanism In this off position, the electrical element (140) can actuate an electric switch (110) without affecting the position of said first safety mechanical element (130), for transmitting a signal characterizing a malfunction of the protective device (300), which passes the first safety mechanical element (130) from its switched off position to its cocked position so that in this switched off position the specified second safety mechanical element (140) forms at then for the first safety mechanical element (130), preventing the transition of this element (130) to its cocked position from its off position. 2. The modular interface (100) according to claim 1, in which there is an elastic return means (148), which seeks to translate the second safety mechanical element (140) into its resting position. 3. The modular interface (100) according to claim 2, wherein said elastic return means is a wire spring (148) wound around the body (146) of said second mechanical safety element (140), with one end of the wire spring being fixed to said body, and the other end of the wire spring is locked on the fixed wall of the modular interface. 4. The modular interface (100) according to claim 1, in which the first and second safety mechanical elements (130, 140) are installed with the possibility of free rotation respectively around two parallel stationary shafts (A1, A2). 5. The modular interface (100) according to claim 1, in which each of the first and second safety mechanical elements (130, 140) are made with the ability to independently turn the rocker (150) to close the electrical switch (110). 6. The modular interface (100) according to claim 5, in which the beam (150) contains: - the Central part (151), installed with the possibility of free rotation around a fixed shaft (A3) parallel to the shafts (A1, A2) of rotation of the first and second safety mechanical elements (130, 140), and containing a finger (152) to control the specified electrical switch ( 110), and - two branches (153, 154) that extend from the central part (151) essentially opposite to each other, while one (153) of the branches contains a supporting surface (153A) facing the first safety mechanical element (130), and the other the branch (154) contains a supporting surface (154A) facing the second safety mechanical element (140), wherein said first and second safety mechanical elements (130, 140) are supported respectively on the supporting surfaces (153A, 154A) of the branches (153, 154 ) rocker arm (150) to turn it to e ektricheskomu switch (110). 7. The modular interface (100) according to claim 1, wherein the first mechanical safety element (130) comprises a pad (131), on one side of which there is a support (132) for installing a fixed shaft (A1) of rotation, and on the other opposite on the side there is a pin (133) of connection with the device (230) for opening and closing the switch (200), while this platform contains a drive pin (134) for controlling the electric switch (110) and is continued by the shoulder (135), which is located on the same side as the drive pin (134), and which has the free end of the elbow (136), made with the ability to abut against the specified emphasis (143) of the second safety mechanical element (140), which is in the off position. 8. The modular interface (100) according to claim 1, wherein the second safety mechanical element (140) comprises a shoulder (141), which comprises a drive pin (142) for controlling the electrical switch (110) and which, on the one hand, is free the end (143) forming the indicated stop for the specified first safety mechanical element (140), and, on the other hand, opposite the indicated free end, is the end (144) mounted for free rotation on a fixed shaft (A2), which is located in specified protective device (300), and this end is connected with a lever (145, 146), worn on the specified shaft (A2) and made with the possibility of rotation around this shaft under the action of at least one drive (160), released when the device is turned off (333 ) overvoltage limits of the specified protective device (300). 9. The modular interface (100) according to claim 8, in which the shoulder (141) of the second safety mechanical element (140) is made integral with the specified lever (145, 146), forming a monoblock part of a common L-shape. 10. A temporary overvoltage protection device (300), comprising a modular unit (310) having a receiving socket (320), in which at least one removable / removable lightning rod cassette (330) is located, comprising a voltage limiting device (333) and a fuse (335) configured to provide electrical connection to the overvoltage limiting device (333) with the electrical terminal of the modular unit, characterized in that the modular unit comprises a housing (311, 312) in which the modular interface is located s (100) of claim. 8 and 9, with each drive (160) connected to the lightning rod cassette (330), on the one hand, connected to the specified housing (311) using an elastic return means (170), which tends to translate the specified drive (160) into position release, in which he sets the specified lever (145, 146) in the off position corresponding to the off position of the shoulder (141) of the specified second safety mechanical element (140), and, on the other hand, is held by the element (600) of the lightning rod cassette (330), fuse related m (335), in a connection position in which said elastic return means (170) is under mechanical stress. 11. A protective device (300) according to claim 10, wherein said elastic return means is a tensile coil spring (170). 12. The protective device (300) according to one of paragraphs. 10 or 11, in which a shaft (190; 190 ') is located in the housing (311, 312) of the modular unit (310), called a “cartridge lock shaft”, comprising at least one locking element (191; 191 ′) and the end (192; 192 '), which interacts directly or indirectly with the first safety mechanical element (130), while the specified cartridge lock shaft (190; 190') is mounted movably in the modular unit (310) and can occupy two different positions, and namely, on the one hand, the first position, called the “defense position”, corresponding to the cocked position June of said first safety mechanical element (130), in which each locking element (191; 191 ') interacts with the corresponding part (334; 334') of the lightning rod cassette (330), preventing the removal and / or installation of each lightning rod cassette (330) in a modular unit (310), and, on the other hand, a second position called an “access position” corresponding to an off position of said first safety mechanical element (130), in which each locking element (191; 191 ') releases the indicated corresponding portion (334; 334') of the lightning rod cassette (330) and allows to remove and / or install each lightning rod cassette (330) in the modular unit (310). 13. The protective device (300) according to claim 12, in which there is an elastic return means (193; 193 '), which seeks to translate the cartridge lock shaft (190; 190') into the protection position. 14. The protective device (300) according to claim 13, wherein said end (192) of the cassette lock shaft (190) interacts with a transmission element (180) connected by a rotary connection to the first safety mechanical element (130) and mounted for free rotation around a shaft (A4) parallel to the shaft (A1) of rotation of the specified first safety mechanical element (130), and this cassette lock shaft (190) contains at least one protrusion (191) and is mounted movably for rotation in a modular unit ( 310), taking different angular positions, namely, on the one hand, the protection position, in which each protrusion (191) protrudes through the window (315A) of the housing (311, 312) into the socket (320), in which each lightning protection cassette (330) is installed, and, on the other hand, an access position in which each protrusion (191) moves away from the mouth of said window (315A) into said housing (311, 312). 15. The protective device (300) according to claim 14, wherein the elastic return means is a wire spring (193) wound around a cartridge lock shaft (190), one end of which is connected to said shaft and the other end of which is locked on a fixed part of said housing modular block (310). 16. The protective device (300) according to claim 13, in which the cartridge blocking shaft (190 ') is made in the form of a bar mounted movably with the possibility of translational movement in the modular unit (310) and having at least one notch (191') ), oriented in the direction of translational movement of the said bar so that, on the one hand, in the indicated position of protection, each cut-out (191 ') comes into contact with the protrusion (334') rigidly connected to the lightning rod cassette (330) to connect this lightning rod cassette ( 330) with a cartridge lock shaft (190 '), and, on the other hand, in access-bonded position each groove (191 ') extends from the projection (334') is rigidly connected to the respective Lightning Protection cassette (330) for the release of the Lightning Protection cassette (330) from the shaft (190 ') locks the cassette. 17. The protective device (300) according to claim 16, wherein said elastic return means is a compression coil spring (193 ′) installed between the end part (192'A) of the cartridge lock shaft (190 ') and the fixed part of the modular unit (310 ) 18. An electrical device (1) for automatic transient overvoltage protection, comprising a device (300) for temporary overvoltage protection, in particular of atmospheric origin, and a switch (200) mechanically and electrically connected to each other via a modular interface (100) one of the paragraphs 1-9, the housing of which has a lateral main side (313) connected to a switch (200) through which a pin (133) passes, which connects said first safety mechanical element (130) to a device (230) for opening and closing said switch (200) )

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