RU2665148C1 - Insulating reusable container for the cosmonaut in the spacesuit under excessive pressure use during the extra-ship activity process under conditions of weightlessness - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: astronautics.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to space equipment, in particular to the extra-ship activity (ESA) provision technical means. Insulating reusable container for the cosmonaut in the spacesuit under excessive pressure during the ESA process under conditions of weightlessness contains the tissue container in the form of truncated cone, tightly connected to the container collar. Truncated cone large base is the container bottom, from the outside equipped with handle. Container is made of resistant to the open outer space factors fabric, in the form of a two-layer shell. Between the layers frame of elastic-flexible material is placed, repeating the container truncated cone shape and size, collar is made in the form of truncated cone, identical to the container truncated cone. Container with collar are tightly connected to each other by the said cones small bases. On the collar truncated cone large base side, a drawstring with elongated tightening element is made, which ends with rings are brought to the diametrically opposite sides.EFFECT: increase in the brought-in into the spacecraft hermetic compartment from the outside objects isolation efficiency, ergonomics, reliability and safety.1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to space technology, in particular to technical means of providing extra-space activity (VCD) of an astronaut in a spacesuit under excess pressure in zero gravity conditions, namely, to isolate various objects before they are brought into the inhabited pressurized compartment of the spacecraft from the outside, to protect isolated objects from damage during mechanical contacts of the container with environmental objects, and can also be used to collect and store household waste as a result of the life of the crew Ms. in flight.

During the operation of the orbital station (OS) during experimental studies outside the pressurized compartment, and the replacement of external equipment, the standard tasks are to introduce objects removed from the external surface into the inhabited pressurized compartments after exposure in open space.

During the functioning of the systems of the orbital station, external objects directly interact with their own external atmosphere (IAS), which is formed under the influence of the products of fuel combustion of the engines of orientation and correction of the OS, the engines of transport ships, gaseous and dust emissions from pressurized compartments, which may include microorganisms, as well as free flow of the environment. The interaction of external surface objects with CBA leads to the deposition of environmental components from these sources on the surface of objects where a stable fine precipitate is formed. Radiation effects, especially on the microbiological components of the external environment, can cause mutations and the formation of harmful substances, and possibly pathogenic forms of microorganisms, which are not allowed to enter the inhabited pressurized compartment.

Thus, the necessity is determined of isolating the returned outdoor objects from the station’s internal atmosphere before introducing them into the inhabited pressurized compartment, as well as protecting the isolated objects from damage during accidental mechanical contacts of the container with environmental objects.

A known container for collecting and storing wastes of crews of manned space objects (RF patent 2285648, publ. IPC: B65F 1/00, 1/06, 1/16 (2006.01), B64G 1/60 (2006.01)), which contains a capacity of a truncated cone with a bottom on a small base. On the side of the large base, a rigid cover with a valve in the form of an elastic diaphragm consisting of two parts forming a gap overlapping by parts of the diaphragm is hermetically fixed. A cuff with a tightening elastic band is hermetically attached to the lid. For the manufacture of containers, parts of the diaphragm and cuff, rubberized fabric is used. To shape the container at the place where the waste container is used, a rigid container in the form of a truncated cone is located and fixed, the inner surface of which repeats the outer surface of the container. This container can be used once for the collection and storage of household waste from the crew of a manned spacecraft and disposed of with its contents. Adopted as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the inability to use this container as an astronaut in a spacesuit under excessive pressure in the VCS process for the following reasons:

1. A container is a standard container of a rectangular, cylindrical or other shape that has a solid case (New Polytechnical Dictionary. Moscow. Scientific Publishing House "Big Russian Encyclopedia". 2000. P. 237). The prototype, in essence, is not a container, does not have its own shape, but is a soft liner in a rigid metal forming container, without which this liner cannot be used, especially during the VCD, when an open cavity is needed to insert a returned object into it, mostly with one hand of an astronaut in an inflated glove.

2. Does not have gripping elements: handles, brackets, rings for holding and attaching a snap hook of the safety rope in zero gravity.

3. Does not protect isolated objects during mechanical contacts of the container with environmental objects.

4. The presence of a rigid neck is unacceptable for laying in a cramped volume of a descent manned vehicle.

5. Manipulations of “twisting the free end of the cuff and tightening it with an elastic cord” are not available for inflating gloves of a spacesuit, and the reliability of the elastic cord in open space has not been confirmed.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a reusable insulating container that provides quick, ergonomic, reliable and safe isolation of objects introduced from the outside into the pressurized compartment of the spacecraft by an astronaut in a spacesuit under excessive pressure during extra-ship activity in zero gravity.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency, ergonomics, reliability and safety of isolation of objects introduced from the outside into the pressurized compartment of the spacecraft by an astronaut in a spacesuit under excessive pressure during extra-ship activity in zero gravity.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the insulating container of repeated use by an astronaut in a spacesuit under excessive pressure during extra-ship activity in zero gravity conditions contains a container made of fabric in the form of a truncated cone, a cuff hermetically connected to the container, while the large base of the truncated cone is the bottom of the container equipped with handle on the outside, the container is made of fabric resistant to factors of open space, in the form of a two-layer shell, between the layers which, in connection with the bottom, a skeleton of an elastically flexible material is placed that repeats the shape and dimensions of the truncated cone of the container, the cuff is made in the form of a truncated cone identical to the truncated cone of the container, while the container and cuff are hermetically connected to each other by small bases of the mentioned cones, and from the side of the large base of the truncated cone of the cuff, a drawstring is made in it with an extended pulling element, the ends of which with the rings are brought out in diametrically opposite sides, while the relation sizes

d: D: h = 1: (1,1 ÷ 1,2) :( 1,1 ÷ 1,2), where:

d is the diameter of the small base of the truncated cone;

D is the diameter of the large base of the truncated cone;

h is the height of the truncated cone.

The invention is illustrated by drawings (Fig. 1-3).

The figures show:

In FIG. 1 - container design (with deployed cuff).

In FIG. 2 - the container is in a state of readiness for use (with folded cuff).

In FIG. 3 - container with an isolated object.

In FIG. 1, 2, 3 the following notation:

1 - capacity;

2 - skeleton;

3 - two-layer shell;

4 - bottom;

5 - cuff;

6 - drawstring;

7 - pen;

8 - cord or wire;

9 - cavity;

10 - bandage.

The insulating container contains a container 1 made of a fabric resistant to factors of open space (for example, technical fabric TTA2, art. 86-165-04, TU 8288-039-17277875-05) in the form of a two-layer shell 3 in the form of a truncated cone. In addition, said container comprises a collar 5. The large base D of the truncated cone is the bottom 4 of the container 1 provided with a handle 7 from the outside. Between the layers of the two-layer shell 3 in connection with the bottom 4 there is a skeleton 2 made of an elastic-flexible material, for example, a needle-punched blanket and soundproofing sheet PIA-2 according to TU 8397-241-00302327-02, identical in shape and size to the truncated cone of the tank 1 forming the cavity 9. The cuff 5 is made in the form of a truncated cone, identical to the truncated cone of the tank 1. The tank 1 is hermetically connected to the cuff 5 with small bases d of the aforementioned truncated cones. From the side of the large base D of the truncated cone of the cuff 5, a drawstring 6 is made in it with an extended pulling element 8 from a cord, for example, ShTA-3-75, TU 8153-015-17277875-01, or a wire having the property of permanent plastic deformation, for example MM2, 0 TU16.K 71087-90, the ends of which with the rings are brought out in diametrically opposite directions for the formation of a bandage 10, while respecting the aspect ratio

d: D: h = 1: (1,1 ÷ 1,2) :( 1,1 ÷ 1,2), where:

d is the diameter of the small base of the truncated cone;

D is the diameter of the large base of the truncated cone;

h is the height of the truncated cone.

An astronaut in a spacesuit under excessive pressure during extra-ship activity in zero gravity conditions uses an insulating container as follows. In preparation for use inside the pressurized container, wrap the cuff 5 on the container 1, fix the carabiner of the safety rope by the handle 7 on the bottom 4, remove the container from the pressurized compartment when locking, insulate the object in the cavity 9 of the container 1, unfold the cuff 5, for the cords or wire 8 pull it together, form a bandage 10 with cords or wire 8 and return the container inside the pressurized compartment during reverse locking.

The proposed container, when used by an astronaut in a spacesuit under excess pressure in the process of extra-ship activity in zero gravity conditions, provides:

- ergonomic, reliable, safe and operational isolation of objects before they are introduced externally into the pressurized compartment of the spacecraft;

- minimizing the energy costs of the astronaut for the implementation of isolation;

- rational placement in the volume of spacecraft due to the elastic structure of the structure;

- protection of insulated objects (devices, optics) from damage during mechanical contacts of the container with environmental objects;

- the presence in the shell of parts with opposite taper provides a convenient laying of the cuff on the body when it is wrapped and unhindered descent from the body when unfolding.

Claims (5)

An astronaut reusable insulating container in a spacesuit under excess pressure during extra-ship activity in zero gravity conditions, containing a fabric container in the form of a truncated cone, a cuff hermetically connected to the container, characterized in that the large base of the truncated cone is the bottom of the container, equipped with a handle with an outer hand, the container is made of fabric resistant to the factors of open outer space, in the form of a two-layer shell, between the layers of which in connection with the bottoms a skeleton made of an elastic-flexible material is placed, repeating the shape and dimensions of the truncated cone of the container, the cuff is made in the form of a truncated cone identical to the truncated cone of the container, while the container and cuff are hermetically connected to each other by the small bases of the mentioned cones, and from the side of the large base of the truncated cone the cuff in it is made of a drawstring with an extended pulling element, the ends of which with the rings are brought out in diametrically opposite sides, while the size ratio is observed d: D: h = 1: (1,1 ÷ 1,2) :( 1,1 ÷ 1,2), where: d is the diameter of the small base of the truncated cone; D is the diameter of the large base of the truncated cone; h is the height of the truncated cone.

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