RU2664955C1 - Inlet ventilation device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ventilation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ventilation systems, and more particularly to devices of natural ventilation of premises. Inlet ventilation device consists of an air intake pipe installed in the opening of the enclosing structure and closed with an external end with a grating with an integrated mosquito net, heat exchanger made in the air intake pipe on the side opposite the outer end, the heat exchanger consists of a clamp and a spacer made of resilient stainless materials, a partition separating the spacer from the flange and cups, a partition separating the cup from the lid and the plate, structural elements of the heat exchanger are made assembled according to fig. 2 at a distance multiple of the length of the bushings and fixed relative to each other by at least two screws tightening the heat exchanger structure screwed into the clamp, at that the partitions, the flange, the cups, the lid have air-conducting cutouts, and the bushings, partitions, flange, cups, lid and shield are made of metal with coefficient of thermal conductivity λm>220 W/m*K.

EFFECT: creating a noiseless energy-saving device for natural supply ventilation, that provides heating of air coming from the street due to convective heat exchange with warm air of the room, occurring in the heat exchanger without the use of additional heating devices, executive electromechanisms and regulating manipulations of the user, as well as reducing the number of structural elements in the device (reducing the material consumption), ease of manufacture and installation.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ventilation systems of rooms, in particular to devices for natural ventilation of rooms.

The prior art supply air window ventilation valves, for example models Air-box, Unit-air (http://www.air-box.ru., Http://www.unit-air.ru, respectively) that can perform the function required ventilation. Disadvantages: along with poor sound absorption, window ventilation valves do not provide air filtration and at low subzero temperatures outside cold air coming in through the valve cools the adjacent window structures, as a result of which they first “sweat” and then completely cover with frost and ice, closing valve slit.

Also known are stand-alone, not built-in frames, supply ventilation valves mounted in the wall of a building, for example, the supply ventilation valve (options) according to the RF patent No. 66488, F24F 13/08 publ. 09/10/2007, BULL. No. 25, 25 is a pipe mounted in a through hole in the wall of a building. At the ends, the pipe is closed by grilles, and in the internal channel there is a silencer. Along with simplicity, the supply ventilation valve has the following disadvantages: the device does not provide filters and other structural elements that improve the quality of the outside air entering the room at sub-zero temperatures, there is no heating of the supply ventilation valve and the amount of cold air entering the room is not restrained .

Known valve infiltration of air KIV-125 (http://forum.kiytele.com/viewtopic.php?t=386), which includes a piece of pipe installed directly into the through hole in the wall of the building, in which a layer of thermal insulation. Outside, the valve is closed by an intake grill with a mosquito net, on the other end facing the room, a filter and a flow regulator handle are installed in the valve. The disadvantage of the valve is that the valve device does not provide heating of the outside air entering the room, therefore, at low outside temperatures, people are forced by the regulator knob to block the air flow, which negates the purpose of the KIV-125 air infiltration valve.

The UVRK-50 device NPO ECOTERM (http://www.homevent.ru/) is also known, which recovers the heat of room air for heating outside air. The UVRK-50NPO ECOTERM device operates in the four-phase mode of pumping air from the room to the outside and back. Disadvantages: the presence of a noise-forming reversible fan that consumes electricity reduces energy efficiency, UVRK-50 NPO ECOTERM accumulates humidity at large temperature differences between external and internal air, requiring additional measures to protect the device from colonies of microorganisms.

A device for forced ventilation is known (RF Patent No. 2364800, F24F 7/00, publ. 08/20/2009), consisting of an air intake pipe installed in the opening of the enclosing structure and closed from the outer end of the fence. Disadvantages: the complexity of the design and installation, the need for a nearby heating device, for example, in the form of a central heating radiator, used to heat the outside (cold) air coming from the street.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a ventilation device (RF Patent for the invention No. 2581816, F24F 7/00, publ. 04/20/2016, Bull. No. 11; authors: Sevryugin Sergey Anatolyevich, Petrov Evgeny Venekditovich), which consists of an air inlet installed in the opening of the enclosing structure and closed from the outer end by an intake grill with an integrated mosquito net, a heat exchanger made in the air inlet from the side opposite the outer end. Disadvantages: increased material consumption of the device, the complexity of manufacturing and installation.

Currently, the technical problem is that modern buildings, made in accordance with the requirements of energy conservation for the design of windows, doors and external enclosing walls, are deficient in clean and fresh air, to eliminate this deficiency, frequent ventilation of the room with an open window leaf, transom or the casement, drafts are formed and there is a significant loss of heat from the room, which worsens energy-saving performance. The use of additional supply ventilation devices removes this contradiction, allows you to evenly fill the room with fresh air in the optimal amount needed.

The technical result of the claimed invention is the creation of an energy-saving noiseless device of natural supply ventilation, which provides heating of the outside air entering the room through heat exchange that takes place in the heat exchanger without the use of additional heating devices, actuating mechanisms and regulatory manipulations of the user, as well as reducing the number of structural elements in the device (reducing material consumption ), ease of manufacture and installation.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the supply ventilation device consists of an air intake pipe installed in the opening of the enclosing structure and closed from the outer end by an intake grill with an integrated mosquito net, a heat exchanger made into the air intake pipe from the side opposite the external end face, the heat exchanger consists of a clamp and a spacer made of elastic stainless materials, a partition separating the spacer from the flange and cups, a partition separating the cups from the cover and shields, structural elements assembled heat exchanger made according to drawing Fig. 2 at a distance that is a multiple of the length of the bushings and are fixed relative to each other with at least two screws tightening the heat exchanger structure screwed into the clamp, while the partitions, flange, cups, the lid have air-conducting cutouts, and the bushings, partitions, flange, cups , the cover and nameplate are made of metal with a thermal conductivity coefficient λm> 220 W / m * K. Moreover, the device may further comprise an air fine filter installed in front of the heat exchanger along the incoming air stream.

New significant distinguishing features of the claimed technical solution are the following features:

- the heat exchanger consists of a clamp and a spacer made of elastic stainless materials, a partition separating the spacer from the flange and cups, a partition separating the cup from the lid and plate, the structural elements of the heat exchanger are assembled according to the drawing of FIG. 2 at a distance multiple of the length of the bushings, and are fixed relative to each other using at least two screws tightening the design of the heat exchanger, screwed into the clamp;

- partitions, flange, cup lids have air-conducting cutouts;

- bushings, partitions, flange, cups, cover and nameplate are made of metal with a thermal conductivity coefficient λm> 220 W / m * K.

The combination of new significant features of the claimed technical solution along with the signs known from the prior art allows to achieve a technical result, which consists in creating a noiseless energy-saving device for natural ventilation, which ensures the entry of cleaned street air into the room, its heating with room air heat without the use of additional heating devices, device does not require additional executive electromechanisms, as well as current regulating user manipulation. The claimed technical solution is made with a reduced number of structural elements (reduction of material consumption), it has the ease of manufacture, installation and operation.

The essence of the invention, its feasibility and the possibility of industrial application are illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1, 2, where:

in FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a ventilation device;

in FIG. 2 - sectional heat exchanger.

In the drawings, there are the following notation:

1 - air intake pipe;

2 - enclosing structure;

3 - intake grille;

4 - mosquito net;

5 - heat exchanger;

6 - cups;

7 - a flange;

8 - cover;

9 - nameplate;

10 - partitions;

11 - bushings;

12 - spacer;

13 - clip;

14 - screws;

15 - fine filter;

16 - airway cutouts.

In FIG. 1, 2, there is shown a ventilation device that contains an air inlet 1 in the form of a pipe segment made of plastic with low thermal conductivity (for example, with a thermal conductivity λ <1.00 W / m * K), which is installed in a through hole (for example, with a diameter of 125 mm) in the outer enclosing structure 2, made, for example, of brick. From the side of the outer surface (from the street side) of the enclosing structure 2, the end of the air intake pipe 1 is closed by a fence grill 3, in which a mosquito net 4 is built in, which protects the proposed device from rain, birds, insects, leaves, fluff, etc. . From the side opposite the outer end, i.e. from the side of the inner surface of the enclosing structure 2 (from the side of the room), a heat exchanger 5 is inserted into the air intake pipe 1, which consists of a clamp 13 and a spacer 12 made of elastic stainless materials, a partition 10 separating the spacer 12 from the flange 7 and cups 6, the partition 10 separating the cups 6 from the lid 8 and the nameplate 9 assembled (connected as a unit) as shown in the drawing of FIG. 2 at a distance multiple of the length of the bushings 11. The partitions 10, the flange 7, the cup 6, the cover 8 have air-conducting cutouts 16. The assembled structural elements of the heat exchanger 5 are fixed relative to each other using mechanical fasteners - two standard stainless steel screws 14 tightening the heat exchanger structure 5, 14 screwed into the clamp 13.

Assembled in the heat exchanger 5 there are gaps between the flange 7 and the cup 6, between the cups 6 themselves, between the cup 6 and the cover 8, between the cover 8 and the nameplate 9, which are formed due to the fact that these structural elements are located at a distance of at least 2 mm and not more than 5 mm, which is ensured by the presence of a certain length of bushings between them 11. In the heat exchanger 5, the flange 7, cups 6, cover 8, nameplate 9, partitions 10, bushings 11 are made of metal with a high coefficient of thermal conductivity (λm> 220 W / m * K), e.g. aluminum, copper, silver Gold. The spacer 12 is made of thin-sheet elastic material - from standard elastic alloyed (stainless) steel with a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm. Clamp 13 is made of standard elastic alloyed (stainless) steel with a thickness of 3 mm.

Additionally, the device may contain a fine fabric air filter 15 in the form of a bag placed in front of the heat exchanger 5 along the incoming air stream. Fine air filter 15 (fabric bag) with the open side is put on the outer perimeter of the partition 12.

The operation of the ventilation device.

The assembled heat exchanger 5 is inserted into the intake pipe 1 until the flange 7 abuts against the building wall from the room side and fixed in the intake pipe 1 by means of the strut 12 by deforming it (the ends of its ends into the walls of the intake pipe 1) by tightening the nameplate 9 and the clip 13 with two assembly screws 14 screwed into the threaded holes of the clip 13.

When the exhaust air from the ventilated room is working, the air from the street (outside air) passing through the intake grille 3 and the mosquito net 4 enters the channel of the air intake pipe 1 and, if there is a fine filter 15, is additionally cleaned. Then the air, passing through the air-conducting cutouts 16, enters the heat exchanger 5, from which it enters the room through the slots between the flange 7 and the cup 6, between the cups 6 themselves, between the cup 6 and the cover 8, between the cover 8 and the nameplate 9 in a diffuse form (by the number of slots) in slower flows. Each of the slots has a size of not less than 2 mm and not more than 5 mm.

The external air entering the heat exchanger 5 in contact with the metal (heat-releasing) surfaces of the bushings 11, partitions 10, flange 7, cups 6, cover 8, nameplates 9, is gradually heated by the heat received from contact with the warm air flows of the room through open (heat-receiving) surfaces the same parts of the heat exchanger 5 - cups 6, flange 7, cover 8, plate 9.

The external air is cleaned due to the presence of a intake grill 3 with a mosquito net 4. The external air is cleaned by a fine air filter 15. The fine air filter 15 is replaced by removing the heat exchanger 5 from the air intake pipe 1 after loosening the ends of the strut 12 by partially unscrewing the screws 14.

When the proposed ventilation device is used:

- the properties of gases tend to stop in the interval between two planes of less than 5 mm; this property creates the effect of resistance to unhindered air flow in the supply ventilation device from the side of the higher pressure to the direction of lower pressure;

- the property of gases and metal surfaces to exchange heat when passing through a multilayer heat exchanger 5, which in the proposed technical solution acts as a heat exchange diffuser;

- the properties of gases to slow down or accelerate their movement depending on temperature, which ensures self-regulation of the amount of air passing through the heat exchanger 5, i.e. the colder the air, the slower it passes through the proposed ventilation device;

- the high thermal conductivity of the metal from which the parts 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 of the heat exchanger 5 (λm> 220 W / m * K) are made, allows heat to be transferred from the warm air currents of the room to the internal (heat transfer) surfaces of the heat exchanger 5 s further convective heat transfer to the outside air entering the heat exchanger 5.

In contrast to the prototype, which has a complex structure and requires the use of a large number of dies and fixtures in the manufacture (manufacturing complexity), in the proposed technical solution, the number of structural elements included in it is minimized, which reduces the material consumption of the device, ease of manufacture and installation.

The proposed device is characterized by ease of operation and its operation does not require user manipulation to control the amount of air passing through the device.

The proposed silent energy-saving device of natural supply, ventilation with a self-regulating supply of fresh air from the street to the room allows for a standard flow of purified street air into the room with the windows closed, while preserving all the advantages of sealed windows and doors of a new generation.

The proposed technical solution provides the premises with heated air without the use of additional heating devices and actuating mechanisms, therefore, its operation is simplified

The proposed device allows for a normative air flow at any temperature outside the window, providing stable comfort indoors, excluding drafts.

The device prevents windows from fogging, is characterized by ease of operation and maintenance, which allows you to open windows in the room exclusively for washing them.

The device can be used in any room in combination with natural and forced exhaust ventilation and standard heating systems.

The device does not require the expenditure of resources to regulate the temperature and humidity conditions of stable (healthy) comfort for the user of the room.

The implementation of the proposed invention allows to solve the claimed technical problem and ensure the achievement of the claimed technical result.

The proposed technical solution does not explicitly follow from the prior art. In addition, in the patent search process, no technical solutions have been identified that have features that match the essential distinguishing features of the claimed invention, therefore, it satisfies the patentability condition "inventive step". In the prior art, no analogue was found, characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention. The author tested the prototypes of the ventilation device experimentally, which confirmed its purpose, feasibility and performance.

The experiments conducted by the author confirmed the achievement of the claimed technical result, in this regard, the invention meets the patentability condition “industrial applicability”.

Claims (2)

1. The intake ventilation device, consisting of an air intake pipe installed in the opening of the building envelope and closed from the outer end by an intake grill with an integrated mosquito net, a heat exchanger made into the air intake pipe from the side opposite to the outer end, characterized in that the heat exchanger consists of a clamp and spacers made of elastic stainless materials, a partition separating the spacer from the flange and cups, a partition separating the cups from the lid and awls The structural elements of the heat exchanger are assembled according to FIG. 2 at a distance multiple of the length of the bushings, and fixed relative to each other with at least two screws tightening the heat exchanger structure screwed into the clamp, while the partitions, flange, cups, lid have air-conducting cutouts, and the bushings, partitions, flange, cups, the cover and nameplate are made of metal with a thermal conductivity coefficient λm> 220 W / m * K. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that it can further comprise a fine filter installed in front of the heat exchanger along the incoming air stream.

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