RU2663928C1 - "potok" turbogenerator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: energy.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of non-conventional energy. Turbogenerator installed on the roof of the house or boiler pipes consists of two turbines mounted on a single vertical shaft which is fixed in bearings mounted on the crossbeams of the base, on the inside of which there is an exhaust pipe, into which there is placed a turbine operating from natural draft with a vertical flow of air and having blades installed at an angle of 45° relative to the axis of the shaft and enclosed in a cylindrical body, while the vertical airflow, passing through the turbine operating from natural draft, enters the turbine, which operates from the wind and is a closed-topped cylinder with side windows for air outlet and blades installed behind these windows, while the vertical air flow further presses on the turbine blades operating from the wind, and the power take-off from the shaft is carried out by means of belt transmission to the generator.EFFECT: invention is aimed at simplifying the design and operation.1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to wind turbines and may find application for generating electrical energy using wind flows.

Many types of wind power plants are known, and the most applicable ones still turn out to be: with a horizontal axis of rotation when placed on expensive complex tower-mast engineering structures or with a vertical axis of rotation when placed on expensive foundations according to individual projects. Given the obvious advantages and development of the field of composite materials, the range of close to expanded use of technical solutions for wind turbines with a vertical axis of rotation is obstructing the classic propeller horizontal-axis wind turbines.

Known wind power installation (US Pat. USA No. 4084102, publ. 04/11/1978), which use a gas-filled balloon with a lift-stabilizing wing.

Known wind power installation (US Pat. USA No. 4164468, publ. 08.21.1979), which uses natural elevations of the terrain with a transversely stretched rail to suspend wind generators with a vertical axis of rotation.

In known devices, the supporting cable-stayed system is combined with the working shaft of wind motors connected to electric generators installed on the ground.

The disadvantages of these devices are the complexity of the practical implementation of technical solutions and operation during use.

Known wind turbine (AS USSR No. 1273638, publ. 11/30/1986), containing a flexible shaft stretched between the bearing supports, tiers of profiled wind turbine blades located along it and kinetically connected to the shaft through a multiplier electric generator mounted on a trolley.

The disadvantages of this solution are the complexity of the design of the wind turbine, the individuality with the reservation of the extended occupied space for an electric generator with a trolley during installation, the insufficiently high efficiency due to additional opposing tension forces on the bearings and the use of the multiplier, as well as the difficulty of operating the wind turbine in winter conditions.

Known wind power unit Bolotov (US Pat. RF No. 2352809, publ. 04/20/09), including a frame with cylindrical stators, playing the role of guiding devices for the wind, and rotors mounted in the frame, connected to an electric generator, made with the possibility of rotation in opposite directions, converting wind energy into rotational motion of their tubular section shafts. The shaft of one of the rotors of the unit passes inside the shaft of the other for connection with the rotor and stator of the electric generator, which is also made with a movable rotor and an electric stator rotating outside the rotor to increase, during operation, their relative rotation speed. In practical implementation, the Bolotov wind turbine is equipped as a mast with guy wires (www.eneesis.ru).

The disadvantages of this unit are the complexity of operation and manufacture of components: an electric generator with a movable rotor and an electric stator rotating outside the rotor, which reduce reliability and lead to an increase in the cost of the product and its operation.

Known rotary wind turbine (US Pat. RF №2210000, publ. 10.08.03) containing a frame with a shaft fixed to it using bearings with working blades in the form of plates with a variable thickness and width. These blades are also curved in a vertical plane in a spiral, and in a horizontal plane - in an arc. All this ensures that the blades always turn to the incoming air flow, minimum starting torque and stability of operation. For power take-off, a second shaft is provided in the wind turbine, and it is made in the form of a separate structure, requiring a solid foundation.

The disadvantages of this device are the need to use a rigid frame for installing a rotor of a wind turbine and a power take-off device or an electric generator, as well as a solid foundation.

Known wind power installation of Professor Merkulov (Pat. RF №2384730, publ. 20.03.10), containing wind generators consisting of blades and associated electromechanical converters using the total, combined exposure to wind energy, when placing them, for the effective use of translational energy the area of the wind flow, in the cells of the grid posted with the help of masts and extensions.

The disadvantages of such a wind power installation are the complexity of the design and operation of both individual devices and groups and in groups, in a suspended position, entailing additional adjustment to ensure their compliance with the required position.

A wind turbine is known (Pat. RF 1550207, publ. March 15, 1990), in which a lift balloon connected to the ground using a cable is used, on which wind motors are installed, combined with electric generators and connected to consumers by a cable running down the cable.

The disadvantages of the known wind turbine are both the complexity of the practical implementation of technical solutions and operation during use, and the reduction in efficiency due to the use of rotary suspension and mounting devices in connection with the suspension elements and the ground.

The technical result, to which the claimed invention is directed, is to simplify the design and operation, versatility and reduce the occupied space when placing.

The technical result is achieved by a turbogenerator installed on the roof of the house or boiler pipes, consisting of two turbines mounted on a single vertical shaft, which is mounted in bearings mounted on the crossbars of the base, on the inside of which an exhaust pipe is installed, in which a turbine operating from a natural thrust with a vertical air flow and having blades mounted at an angle of 45 ° relative to the axis of the shaft and enclosed in a cylindrical body, while the vertical air flow, passing through a turbine operating from natural traction, it enters a turbine operating from wind and consisting of a cylinder with a closed top, having side windows for air outlet and blades mounted behind these windows, while the vertical air flow additionally presses on the blades of the turbine operating from the wind, and power is taken from the shaft by means of a belt drive to a generator.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by drawings, which show the inventive turbogenerator: FIG. 1 is a side view, FIG. 2 is a plan view.

In the drawings indicated:

1 - a common vertical shaft;

2 - bearings;

3 - turbine blades;

4 - air duct - exhaust pipe;

5 - the base of the turbogenerator;

6 - a pulley of a power take-off shaft;

7 - cylinder of a turbine operating from natural traction (turbine No. 1);

8 - closed top turbine cylinder (turbine No. 2);

9 - mounting the suspension to the body;

P - drive belt;

G - generator

A - battery

- направление движения потока воздуха

- air flow direction

The turbogenerator operates as follows.

The Potok turbogenerator is a vertically axial wind generator of two turbines mounted on one shaft.

Turbine No. 1, mounted on a single shaft and placed in the duct (exhaust pipe), is driven by natural traction under atmospheric pressure, which acts on the blades of turbine No. 1, installed at an angle of 45 ° and enclosed in a cylindrical body. The turbine blades are installed so that in the horizontal plane the upper part of one blade overlaps the lower part of the next blade.

The flow of vertically moving air under atmospheric pressure through a pipe (duct) drives turbine No. 1 by pressing on blades mounted at an angle of 45 ° relative to the axis of the shaft, then passing through a cylindrical casing of the turbine in the duct, goes into the cylinder (casing) of turbine No. 2 and, passing through the side windows (openings) cut vertically, drives the turbine number 2.

In addition, turbine No. 2 is driven into a rotational movement from an external air stream, regardless of the direction of the wind, and neither a weather vane nor anything similar is required.

An air duct (exhaust pipe), having a conical shape at the outlet, directs the air flow into the turbine No. 2, which is a cylinder of the same diameter as turbine No. 1, but with a closed top. The height of the cylinder of turbine No. 2 is 1.5 times greater than its diameter. The cylinder has four side windows for air outlet and four blades mounted behind these windows (openings), which enhance the rotation of a single shaft, driven by turbine number 1. Moreover, with sufficient external air flow, turbine No. 2 operates independently, also enhancing the rotation of a single shaft. Power is taken from a single shaft by means of a belt drive to a generator.

Turbine No. 1 operates due to the pressure of natural traction arising in the pipe, and turbine No. 2 due to the force of the wind blowing the turbine from different sides, and both turbines are located in the same working chamber on a single shaft, which ensures the interaction of different working forces and makes it possible continuous power generation.

Due to the difference in the densities of the pillars of atmospheric air at various heights, a natural draft is formed in the pipe, which, acting on the blades of turbine No. 1, causes it to rotate. Further, passing through the cone (skirt) inside the turbine No. 2, through the turbine opening in front of the blades, the air exerts pressure on the blades of the turbine No. 2, also giving it a rotational movement. In the presence of wind, the external air flow, exerting pressure on the blades of turbine No. 2, gives it additional rotation forces, which entails an increase in the speed of rotation of the single shaft on which the turbines are located.

To use natural traction, it is necessary that the height of the pipe is at least 6 meters. With an increase in its height, the exhaust forces of the natural air flow will increase.

In the diagram, the arrow indicates the direction of movement of the natural air flow through the pipe.

The installation described above can be mounted on the roof of the house, combining it with exhaust ventilation of domestic premises, on the roofs of production shops and farms. It is possible to use boiler pipes or elevator shafts.

The present invention expands the fleet of wind power plants with a vertical axis of rotation in the direction of simplification, mobility and reduce requirements, both to placement and to reduce the occupied space.

Claims (1)

The turbogenerator mounted on the roof of the house or boiler pipes consists of two turbines mounted on a single vertical shaft, which is mounted in bearings mounted on the base rails, on the inside of which an exhaust pipe is installed, into which a turbine operating from natural traction by vertical flow is installed air and having blades mounted at an angle of 45 ° relative to the axis of the shaft and enclosed in a cylindrical housing, while the vertical air flow passing through a turbine operating from of natural traction, it enters a turbine operating from the wind and consisting of a cylinder with a closed top, having side windows for air outlet and blades mounted behind these windows, while the vertical air flow additionally presses on the blades of the turbine operating from wind, and power take-off from the shaft is carried out by means of a belt drive to a generator.

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