RU2663246C1 - Method for the forest fire monitoring and complex system for early detection of forest fire - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety.SUBSTANCE: proposed method and system relate to the field of fire safety and can be used for permanent land monitoring of forest areas and settlements in the places where the cellular communication system is deployed. Complex system for early detection of forest fires, which implements a method for monitoring forest fires, contains a thermal imaging module 1, video camera 2, scanning platform 3, control unit 4, block 5 of the global navigation satellite system, angular-azimuth meter 6, meteorological data collection device 7, telecommunication module 8, duplex communication 9 (radio channel) and central server 10. Telecommunication module 8 and central server 10 comprise a master oscillator 11.1(11.2), an analog message generator 12.1(12.2), a discrete message generator 14.1(14.2), an amplitude modulator 13.1(13.2), a phase-shift modulator 15.1(15.2), the first heterodyne 16.1(16.2), the first mixer 17.1(17.2), an amplifier 18.1(18.2), the first intermediate frequency, the first power amplifier 19.1(19.2), a duplexer 20.1(20.2), a transceiving antenna 21.1(21.2), the second power amplifier 22.1(22.2), the second heterodyne 23.1(23.2), the second mixer 24.1(24.2), an amplifier of the second intermediate frequency25.1(25.2), an amplitude limiter 26.1(26.2), a synchronous detector 27.1(27.2), a multiplier 28.1(28.2), a band-pass filter 29.1(29.2), a phase detector 30.1(30.2). Telecommunications module 8 also includes controller 21, central computer 10 is computer 31.EFFECT: technical result is about an improvement in the reliability of the exchange of analog and discrete information between the telecommunications module and the central server by using two frequencies ω, ωand complex signals with combined amplitude modulation and phase manipulation (AM-FMn).2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The proposed method and system relates to the field of fire safety and can be used for continuous ground monitoring of forests and settlements in places where the cellular communication system is deployed.

Known methods and systems for the early detection of fires (RF patents Nos. 2.032.229, 2.078.377, 2.110.094, 2.177.179, 2.207.631, 2.210.813, 2.256.228, 2.256.231, 2.340.002, 2.409. 865, 2.486.594; US patents Nos. 5,049,861, 5,079,422, 5,557,260, 5,734,335, 6,400,265; French patents Nos. 2,811,456, 2,893,743; German patents 3,710,265; patents EP No. 0.940.679, 1.667.453; patents WO No. 0.948.070; Sharovar F. I. Fire alarm devices and systems. M. Stroyizdat, 1985, pp. 292-295 and others).

Of the known methods and systems that are closest to the proposed ones are “A method for monitoring forest fires and an integrated system for early detection of forest fires, built on the principle of a multi-sensory panoramic view of the area with the function of highly accurate determination of the source of fire” (RF patents No. 2,486.594, G08B 13/194, 2011), which are selected as prototypes.

The known method and system provide enhanced functionality by increasing restrictions on the resolution of the video camera and thermal imaging image, increasing the viewing angle and the amount of information received. Terrain monitoring is carried out from at least two points located on the masts of the cellular communication, using a thermal imaging camera and a video camera installed so that their axes are parallel and mounted on a scanning platform located on each mast of the cellular communication, while transmitting images received in the thermal and video channels, together with the data of the angular and azimuthal directions of the camera axes, to a central server, in which images obtained from thermal imaging and video cameras and data from angular-azimuthal are converted x meters located on the masts of the cellular communication system, in a geographical coordinate system, the focal points are linked to geographical coordinates and displayed on an electronic map of the area, the video image is superimposed on the image from the thermal imaging camera and the resulting images are displayed in the form of three separate images on the operator’s monitor, and / or to a storage device.

An object of the invention is to increase the reliability of the exchange of analog and discrete information between the telecommunications module and the central server by using two frequencies ω ₁ , ω ₂ and complex signals with combined amplitude modulation and phase shift keying (AM-PSK).

The problem is solved in that the method of monitoring forest fires, characterized, in accordance with the closest analogue, in that monitoring is carried out from at least two points located on the masts of the cellular communication using a thermal imaging camera and a video camera installed so that their axes are parallel , and mounted on a scanning platform located on each mast of cellular communication, while transmitting images obtained in the thermal and video channels, together with the data of the angular and azimuthal directions of the camera axes, the floor Using a goniometric azimuthal meter, the central server, which converts images obtained from thermal imaging and video cameras, and data from goniometric azimuthal meters located on the masts of cellular communications, into a geographic coordinate system, links the focal points to geographic coordinates with displaying on an electronic map of the area, lay the video image on the image from the thermal imaging camera and display the resulting image in the form of three separate images - floor ennogo overlay raznosensornogo panoramic image, thermal imaging and vidioizobrazheniya to monitor the operator and / or to the memory device differs from the closest analog by that a harmonic oscillation at the frequency ω in the telecommunications module _with, simulate its amplitude analog message m ₁ (t), manipulates the phase with a discrete message M ₁ (t), the obtained complex signal with combined amplitude modulation and phase manipulation is converted in frequency using the frequency ω _g1 , per of the local oscillator, isolate the first intermediate frequency signal ω _pr1 = ω _s + ω _g1 , amplify it in power and radiate it at the frequency ω ₁ = ω _pr = ω _g2 , where ω _g2 is the frequency of the second local oscillator, receive and amplify it in power on the central server, they are frequency-converted using the frequency ω _{g1 of the} second local oscillator, a signal of the second intermediate frequency ω _pr2 = ω ₁ + ω _g1 = ω _{s is} isolated, its amplitude is limited, the received signal with phase shift keying is used as a reference voltage for synchronous detection complex signal and with combined amplitude modulation and phase-shift keying, a low-frequency voltage proportional to the analog message m ₁ (t) is isolated, it is recorded and analyzed, at the same time, the received signal with phase-shift keying is multiplied with the voltage of the first local oscillator, a signal with phase-shift keying at a frequency ω _g2 = ω is isolated _np2 + ω _r1, it is detected synchronously with the frequency of the second local oscillator ω _r2, allocate a low-frequency voltage proportional to the digital message M ₁ (t), it is fixed and analyzed at the center flax server is formed as a harmonic oscillation at frequency ω _s, modulate its amplitude analog message m ₂ (t), is manipulated in phase digital message M ₂ (t), the resulting composite signal with a combination of amplitude modulation and phase shift keying is converted in frequency by using frequency ω _r2 of the first local oscillator is isolated third signal _PR3 intermediate frequency ω = ω _z2 -ω _s, increase its power and emit the air at the frequency ω = ω ₂ = ω _{r1 PR3,} receives and amplifies the power of the telecommunications module, transformations form a frequency using frequency ω _r2 of the second local oscillator signal separated second intermediate frequency _np2 ω = ω _z2 -ω _2, limit its amplitude, the received signal with the phase shift keying is used as the reference voltage for the synchronous detection of the combined composite signal with amplitude modulation and phase-shift keying, isolate a low-frequency voltage proportional to the analog message m ₂ (t), record and analyze it, at the same time the received signal with phase-shift keying is multiplied with by tensioning the first local oscillator, a signal from phase manipulation is isolated at a frequency ω _{g2 of the} second local oscillator, a low-frequency voltage is proportional to the discrete message M ₂ (t), it is recorded and analyzed, and the frequencies ω _g1 and ω _g2 local oscillators are spaced apart by the value of the second intermediate frequency ω _g2 -ω _g1 = ω _pr2 , complex signals with combined amplitude modulation and phase shift keying on the telecommunication module emit at a frequency of ω ₁ and receive at a frequency of ω ₂ , and on the central server, on the contrary, emit at a frequency of ω ₂ , and take on the frequency ω ₁ .

The problem is solved in that a comprehensive system for early detection of forest fires, containing, in accordance with the closest analogue, at least two thermal imaging and television modules for circular scanning of the terrain located on the masts of cellular communications, each thermal imaging and television module is formed by a thermal imaging camera and a video camera installed so that their axes are parallel to the azimuthal azimuth meter, whose axis is parallel to the axes of the thermal imaging camera and video camera, and a control controller, wherein the thermal imaging camera, the video camera and the azimuthal azimuth meter are mounted on a scanning platform mounted on the cellular mast and have the ability to rotate about the vertical axis and rotate about the horizontal axis, and the outputs of the thermal imaging camera, video camera and azimuth meter are connected with the first or third the inputs of the control controller, the input of the motion control device of the scanning platform is connected to the first output of the controller, the fourth input of the control controller is connected with the global navigation satellite system unit, the system being equipped with a telecommunication module that wirelessly communicates with a central server, the telecommunication module being connected by an input / output respectively to a second output and a fifth input of a control controller, a sixth input which is connected to an output of a weather data collection device, differs from the closest analogue in that the telecommunication module and the central server are made in the form of serially connected master oscillator, the amplitude the bottom of the modulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the shaper of analog messages of the phase manipulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the shaper of discrete messages, the first mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first local oscillator, the amplifier of the first intermediate frequency, the first power amplifier, duplexer, the input the output of which is connected to the transceiver antenna, the second power amplifier, the second mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, the amplifier of the second intermediate a weft frequency, an amplitude limiter and a synchronous detector, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, connected in series to the output of the amplitude limiter, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first local oscillator, a bandpass filter and a phase detector, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator and the outputs of the synchronous detector and phase detector of the telecommunications module are connected to the first and second inputs of the control controller, respectively ohm, to the first and second inputs of which the analog message former and the discrete message former are connected, respectively, and the outputs of the synchronous detector and the central server phase detector are connected to the first and second computer inputs, respectively, to the first and second outputs of which the analog message former and discrete messages former are connected accordingly, the frequencies ω and ω _{r1 r2} oscillators spaced apart by the value of the second intermediate frequency ω _z2 -ω _d1 = ω _np2, complex signals COMBINED Rowan amplitude modulation and phase shift keying communication module emitted at the frequency ω _1, and received at a frequency ω _2, and a central server, on the contrary, are emitted at a frequency ω _2, and received at the frequency ω _1.

The block diagram of an integrated system for early detection of forest fires is shown in FIG. 1. A frequency diagram explaining signal conversion is shown in FIG. 2. A block diagram of a telecommunication module 8 is shown in FIG. 3. The block diagram of the central server 10 is shown in FIG. four.

A comprehensive system for early detection of forest fires includes a thermal imaging module 1, a video camera 2 and a goniometer-azimuth meter 6, outputs that are connected to the first or third inputs of the control controller 4, the input of the motion control device of the scanning platform 3 is connected to the first output of the controller 4. The fourth input of the controller 4 control is connected with block 5 of the global navigation satellite system. The sixth input of the controller 4 controls, connected to the output of the device 7 for collecting weather data. Telecommunication module 8, which carries out wireless communication 9 with a central server 10 is connected by an input-output, respectively, with a second output and a fifth input of a control controller 4.

The telecommunication module 8 and the central server 10 contain serially connected master oscillator 11.1 (11.2), an amplitude modulator 13.1 (13.2), the second input of which is connected to the output of the analog message former 12.1 (12.2), a phase manipulator 15.1 (15.2), the second input of which is connected to the output of the shaper 14.1 (14.2) of discrete messages, the first mixer 17.1 (17.2), the second input of which is connected to the output of the first local oscillator 16.1 (16.2), the amplifier of the first (third) 18.1 (18.2) intermediate frequency, the first amplifier 19.1 (19.2) of power, a duplexer 20.1 (20.2), input-you One of which is connected to the transceiver antenna 21.1 (21.2), the second power amplifier 22.1 (22.2), the second mixer 24.1 (24.2), the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator 23.1 (23.2), the amplifier 25.1 (25.2) of the second intermediate frequency, the amplitude limiter 26.1 (26.2) and a synchronous detector 27.1 (27.2), the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier 25.1 (25.2) of the second intermediate frequency. To the output of the amplitude limiter 26.1 (26.2), a multiplier 28.1 (28.2) is connected in series, the second input of which is connected to the output of the local oscillator 16.1 (16.2), a bandpass filter 29.1 (29.2), and a phase detector 30.1 (30.2).

The outputs of the synchronous detector 27.1 and phase detector 30.1 of the telecommunication module 8 are connected to the first and second inputs of the controller and control, respectively, to the first and second outputs of which are connected a shaper 12.1 analog messages and a shaper 14.1 discrete messages, respectively.

The outputs of the synchronous detector 27.2 and phase detector 30.2 of the central server 10 are connected to the first and second inputs of the computer 31, respectively, to the first and second outputs of which are connected a shaper 12.2 analog messages and a shaper 14.2 discrete messages, respectively.

A method for monitoring forest fires is as follows.

On two, three (or more) masts of cellular communication, a thermal imaging-television module for circular scanning of the terrain is installed. Each thermal imaging and television module contains a thermal imaging camera 1 and a video camera 2 mounted on a scanning platform 3 so that their optical axes are parallel. The thermal imaging and television module also includes a control controller 4 and an azimuthal azimuth meter 5, which determines the orientation of the scanning platform 3 and, accordingly, the thermal imaging cameras 1 and video cameras 2 in azimuth and the angle of deviation from the horizontal plane.

The use in the system of at least two, and if necessary a sufficiently large number of different-sensory (heat and video) panoramic views mounted on masts of cellular communication, can increase the reliability of detection of fire sources due to the fact that two or more devices detect a fire source. At the same time, receiving a signal from two or more thermal imaging and television modules for circular scanning of the terrain is caused by a decrease in the probability of false detection of fire sources and an increase in the reliability and reliability of the information received due to the fact that thermal imaging cameras and panoramic cameras are installed on the masts of antennas of base stations of cellular communications, and monitoring each a point of territory is conducted from several (2 or more) neighboring towers, i.e. Each point of the controlled area of the forest (or other object of observation) is viewed from different angles, which reduces the likelihood that the fire will not be noticed. A fire center, closed from one of the observation points by a topography or other obstacle, will be visible from another point (cell towers).

Since, due to their intended purpose, the base station antenna masts are located at prevailing heights and have a height of 50 to 100 meters, thermal imaging cameras and video cameras with a circular view placed on them make it possible to detect ignition sources at ranges of up to 18-50 km.

Since the coordinates of the base stations are known, the placement of thermal imaging cameras and video cameras on high-rise structures of base stations of mobile communication operators and the use of joint processing of data from thermal imaging cameras and video cameras located on 2 to 3 neighboring masts in areas of cellular communication coverage allows using the triangulation method determine the location of the fire with an accuracy of 20-50 meters. The center of ignition with an area of up to 50 square meters. meters can be detected at ranges up to 35 km. All this allows us to provide a quick response to fires and, as a result, the safety of residents, their places of residence, the preservation of natural resources.

The technical solution allows the early detection of fires that occur in forests at a considerable (up to 50 km) distance from settlements and important strategic objects, which allows timely adequate fire-fighting measures to be taken, preventing the subsequent approach of fire to places of human activity.

The multi-sensor panoramic view mode consists in superimposing a panoramic video image onto an image from a thermal imaging camera, which allows visual linking of the source of fire to a panoramic video image.

Images obtained in the heat and video channels, together with the data of the angular azimuthal direction of the camera axes, obtained using the goniometric azimuth meter, are transmitted to the central server 10 through the control controller 4 and a telecommunication module (modem) 8.

For this, a harmonic oscillation is generated by the master oscillator 11.1

U _c1 (t) = V _c1 * cos (ω _c t + ϕ _s1 ), 0≤t≤T _s1 ,

where V _c1 , ω _s , ϕ _c1 , T _c1 - amplitude, carrier frequency, initial phase and duration of harmonic oscillation;

which is fed to the first input of the amplitude modulator 13.1, to the second input of which an analog message m ₁ (t) is supplied from the output of the shaper 12.1 analog messages. At the output of the amplitude modulator 13.1, a signal with amplitude modulation (AM) is generated.

U ₁ (t) = V _c1 [1 + m ₁ (t)] * cos (ω _c t + ϕ _c1 ), 0≤t≤T _c1 ,

where m ₁ (t) is the modulating amplitude modulation function that displays the structure of analog messages;

which goes to the first input of the phase manipulator 15.1. A discrete message M ₁ (t) is supplied to the second input of the latter from the output of the shaper 14.1 of discrete messages. At the output of the phase manipulator 15.1, a complex signal is formed with combined amplitude modulation and phase manipulation (AM-FMn)

U ₂ (t) = V _c1 [1 + m ₁ (t)] * cos [ω _c t + ϕ _k1 (t) + ϕ _c1 ], 0≤t≤T _c1 ,

where ϕ _k1 (t) = {0, π} is the manipulated phase component that displays the phase manipulation law in accordance with the modeling code M ₁ (t).

Shapers 12.1 and 14.1 of analog and discrete messages are connected with the first and second outputs of the controller 4 of the control and contain information received from the angular-azimuth meter and heat and video channels.

The generated AM-PSK signal U ₂ (t) from the output of the phase manipulator 15.1 is fed to the first input of the first mixer 17.1, the second input of which supplies the voltage of the first local oscillator 16.1.

U _g1 (t) = V _g1 * cos (ω _g1 t + ϕ _g1 ).

At the output of the mixer 17.1, voltages of combination frequencies are generated. Amplifier 18.1 distinguishes the voltage of the first intermediate (total) frequency.

U _pr1 (t) = V _pr1 * [1 + m ₁ (t)] * cos [ω _pr1 t + ϕ _k1 (t) + ϕ _pr1 ], 0≤t≤T _c1 ,

where V _pr1 = 1 / 2V _c1 * V _g1

ω _pr1 = ω _c + ω _g1 - the first intermediate (total) frequency;

ϕ _pr1 = ϕ _c1 + ϕ _g1 .

This voltage is a complex signal with combined amplitude modulation and phase shift keying (AM-PSK) at the first intermediate frequency ω _pr1 and after amplification in power to power amplifiers 19.1 through duplexer 20.1 it enters the transceiver antenna 21.1 and is radiated by it at a frequency ω _{1 pr1} = ω = ω _r2, captured transceiving antenna 21.2 and the central server 10 through the duplexer 22. The amplifier 20.2 and 2 power is fed to the first input of the mixer 24.2, the second input of which the voltage of the second local oscillator is sold 23.2

U _g1 (t) = V _g1 * cos (ω _g1 t + ϕ _g1 ).

At the output of the mixer 24.2, voltages of combination frequencies are generated. Amplifier 25.2 distinguishes the voltage of the second intermediate (differential) frequency.

U _CR2 (t) = V _CR2 * [1 + m ₁ (t)] * cos [ω _CR2 t + ϕ _k1 (t) + ϕ _CR2 ], 0≤t≤T _c1 ,

where V _pr2 = 1 / 2V _pr1 * V _g1 ;

_np2 ω = ω + ω _{r1 pr1} - first intermediate (cumulative) frequency;

ϕ _ad2 = ϕ _ad1 + ϕ _g1 .

This voltage is supplied to the first (information) input of the synchronous detector 27. 2 and to the input of the amplitude limiter 26. 2, at the output of which a voltage is generated

U ₃ (t) = V _o * cos [ω _CR2 t + ϕ _k1 (t) + ϕ _CR2 ], 0≤t≤T _s1 ,

where V _o is the limit threshold.

This voltage is a PSK signal at the second intermediate frequency ω _pr2 , is used as a reference voltage and is supplied to the second (reference) input of the synchronous detector 27.2. The output of the latter forms a low-frequency voltage

U _H1 (t) = V _H1 * [1 + m ₁ (t)],

where V _H1 = 1 / 2V _pr2 * V _o ,

proportional to the modeling function m ₁ (t).

At the same time, the PSK signal U ₃ (t) from the output of the amplitude limiter 26.2 is fed to the first input of the multiplier 28.2, the second input of which supplies the local oscillator voltage 16.2.

U _g2 (t) = V _g2 * cos (ω _g2 t + ϕ _g2 ).

At the output of the multiplier 28.2 voltage is formed

U ₄ (t) = V ₄ * cos [ω _g1 + ϕ _k1 (t) + ϕ _g1 ], 0≤t≤T _s1 ,

where V ₄ = 1 / 2V _o * V _g2 ;

which is allocated by the band-pass filter 29.2 and arrives at the first (information) input of the phase detector 30.2, at the second (reference) input of which the local oscillator voltage 23.2 is supplied

U _g1 (t) = V _g1 * cos (ω _g1 t + ϕ _g1 )

A low-frequency voltage is generated at the output of the phase detector 30.2

U _H2 (t) = V _H2 * cosϕ _k1 (t),

where V _H2 = 1 / 2V ₄ * V _g1 ;

proportional to the modeling code M ₁ (t).

The low-frequency voltages U _H1 (t) and U _H2 (t) are supplied to a computer 31, where the data obtained from thermal imaging cameras 1, video cameras 2, and azimuth-azimuth meters 5 located on adjacent masts of the cellular communication are converted into a geographical coordinate system, linking the fire sources to geographical coordinates, with the display on an electronic map of the area, impose video images on the thermal image and display the resulting images in the form of three separate images:

- obtained by overlay, multi-sensor panoramic image;

- thermal imaging image;

- video images,

to the operator’s monitor and / or to the storage device, moreover, phase synchronization of the signal for transmitting information to the central server 10 and additional reference to geographical coordinates is carried out by satellite signals of exact time via a global navigation satellite system, mainly GLONASS.

The results can then be transferred to the response services of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia and Rosleskhoz with a view to timely decision making. It is also possible to transmit information indicating the coordinates of the fire sources to aviation forest protection and fire fighting equipment.

The movement of the scanning platform 3 is controlled by the control device of the scanning platform 3, receiving commands and information from the central server 10 through the control controller 4.

For this, a harmonic oscillation is generated on the central server 10 by the master oscillator 11.2

_{U c2 (t) = V c2} * cos (ω c t + φ _r2) 0≤t≤T _c1,

which is fed to the first input of the amplitude modulator 13.2, to the second input of which an analog message m ₂ (t) is supplied from the output of the shaper 12.2 analog messages.

The output of the amplitude modulator 13.2 produces a signal with amplitude modulation (AM)

U ₅ (t) = V _c2 * [1 + m ₂ (t)] * cos [ω _c t + ϕ _c2 ], 0≤t≤T _c2 ,

where m ₂ (t) is a modeling function of amplitude modulation that displays the structure of analog messages,

which goes to the first input of the phase manipulator 15.2. A discrete message M ₂ (t) is supplied to the second input of the latter from the output of the shaper 14.2 of discrete messages. At the output of the phase manipulator 15.2, a complex signal is formed with combined amplitude modulation and phase manipulation (AM-FMn)

U ₆ (t) = V _c2 * [1 + m ₂ (t)] * cos [ω _c t + ϕ _k2 (t) + ϕ _c2 ], 0≤t≤T _s2 ,

where ϕ _k2 (t) = {0, π} is the manipulated phase component that displays the phase manipulation law in accordance with the modeling code M ₂ (t).

Shapers 12.2 and 14.2 analog and discrete messages associated with the first and second outputs of the computer 31 and contain information and commands to control the scanning platform 3.

Formed AM-QPSK signal U ₆ (t) from the output of the phase manipulator 15.2 is fed to the first input of the first mixer 17.2, the second input of which is supplied with the voltage of the first local oscillator 16.2.

U _g2 (t) = V _g2 * cos (ω _g2 t + ϕ _g2 ),

At the output of the mixer 17.2, voltages of combination frequencies are generated. Amplifier 18.2 distinguishes the voltage of the third intermediate (differential) frequency

U _pr3 (t) = V _pr4 * [1 + m ₂ (t)] * cos [ω _pr3 t + ϕ _k2 (t) + ϕ _pr3 ], 0≤t≤T _s2 ,

where V _pr3 = 1 / 2V _c2 * V _g2 ;

_PR3 ω = ω _z2 -ω _c - third intermediate (difference) frequency;

_PR3 cp = φ _r2 + φ _s2.

This voltage is a complex signal with combined amplitude modulation and phase shift keying (AM-FMn) at the third intermediate frequency ω _pr3 and, after _gaining power in the power amplifier 19.2, through the duplexer 20.2 it enters the transceiver antenna 21.2, is radiated by it at the frequency ϕ ₂ = ϕ _pr3 = ϕ _g1 , the transceiver antenna 21.1 of the telecommunication module 8 is captured and through the duplexer 20.1 and the amplifier in 22.1 power is supplied to the first input of the mixer 24.1, the second input of which contains the local oscillator voltage 23.1

U _g2 (t) = V _g2 * cos (ω _g2 t + ϕ _g2 )

At the output of the mixer 24.1, voltages of combination frequencies are generated. Amplifier 25.1 distinguishes the voltage of the second intermediate (differential) frequency

U _CR4 (t) = V _CR4 * [1 + m ₂ (t)] * cos [ω _CR2 t + ϕ _k2 (t) + ϕ _CR4 ], 0≤t≤T _c2 ,

_WP4 where V = 1 / 2V _PR3 * V _r2;

_np2 ω = ω _z2 -ω _PR3 - second intermediate (difference) frequency.

ϕ _pr4 = ϕ _r2 + ϕ _pr3 .

This voltage is supplied to the first (informational) input of the synchronous detector 27.1 and to the input of the amplitude limiter 26.1, at the output of which a voltage is generated

U ₇ (t) = V _o * cos [ω _CR2 t + ϕ _k2 (t) + ϕ _CR4 ],

where V _o is the limit threshold.

This voltage provides the PSK signal at the second intermediate frequency ω _pr2 , is used as a reference voltage and is supplied to the second (reference) input of the synchronous detector 27.1. The output of the latter forms a low-frequency voltage

U _H3 (t) = V _H3 * [1 + m ₂ (t)],

where V _H3 = 1 / 2V _pr4 * V _o ,

proportional to the modulating function m ₂ (t).

At the same time, the PSK signal U ₇ (t) from the output of the amplitude limiter 26.1 is fed to the first input of the multiplier 28.1, the second input of which supplies the local oscillator voltage 16.1

U _g1 (t) = V _g1 * cos (ω _g1 t + ϕ _g1 ),

At the output of the multiplier 28.1, a voltage is generated

₈ U (t) = V ₈ * cos [ω _{r2 t + φ k2 (t) +} φ _r2] 0≤t≤T _c2

where V ₈ = 1 / 2V _o * V _g1 ,

ω = ω _{z2 np2} + ω _r1;

which is allocated by the band-pass filter 29.1 and arrives at the first (information) input of the phase detector 30.1, at the second (reference) input of which the local oscillator voltage 23.1 is supplied.

U _g2 (t) = V _g2 * cos (ω _g2 t + ϕ _g2 ).

A low-frequency voltage is generated at the output of the phase detector 30.1

U _H4 (t) = V _H4 * cosϕ _k2 , 0≤t≤T _c2 ,

where - V _H4 = 1 / 2V ₈ * V _g2 ,

proportional to the modeling code M ₂ (t).

The scanning platform 3, on which a thermal imaging camera 1, a video camera 2, and an azimuthal azimuth meter 6 are installed, is an independent device that allows movement in the horizontal plane from 0 to 360 degrees and an elevation angle of 45 degrees. The movement of the scanning platform 3 is controlled by the control device of the scanning platform, connected through the controller 4 to the central server 10. This connection is manifested through the low-frequency voltages U _H3 (t) and U _H4 (t).

On the mast of the cellular communication device is also installed 7 meteorological data collection, which is designed to obtain data on the current temperature, dew point temperature, amount of precipitation, direction and wind speed. This data is also transmitted to the controller 4 control. Based on these data, a fire hazard (the possibility of fire spreading, propagation speed and direction) is further predicted.

The signal from block 5 of the GLONASS global navigation satellite system, fed to the fourth input of controller 4, allows you to bind the early fire detection system to geographic coordinates, and also serves to synchronize each device in a single system using accurate time signals and phase synchronization of the signal for transmission information to the central server 10.

The thermal imaging camera 1 and video camera 2 is designed to operate in a temperature mode from -40 ° C to + 50 ° C, which allows them to be used continuously for a year.

Due to the fact that the signal from the thermal imaging camera 1 is the basic signal for detecting a fire source, the time of day and year, the presence of cloudiness, fog, and other visual interference are not affected by the performance and sensitivity of the subsystem for identifying fire sources.

The azimuthal plane is divided into several sectors based on the features and terrain. The horizontal plane is divided into sectors so that when moving the camera from point to point, a single panoramic picture is obtained. After passing through one azimuthal sector, chambers 1 and 2 go to the next one, scanning the selected area in this way.

When an ignition zone is detected in an automated mode, the system stops automatic scanning, determines the coordinates of the ignition source and sends a video and thermal imaging image in real time, as well as the coordinates of the ignition source to the operator.

For the correct decision-making, the operator can manually zoom in on the image from the video camera and see the thermal image separately. All these data are necessary for the decision of the operator on further response to the source of ignition. The use of automation of this process can reduce the number of operators and increase the likelihood of detection.

Thus, the proposed method and system in comparison with prototypes and other technical solutions of a similar purpose provide increased reliability of the exchange of analog and discrete information between the telecommunications module and the central server. This is achieved by using two frequencies ω _g1 , ω _g2 and complex signals with combined amplitude modulation and phase shift keying (AM-PSK).

Complex signals with combined amplitude modulation and phase manipulation have energy and structural secrecy.

The energy secrecy of these signals is due to their high compressibility in time or in the spectrum with optimal processing, which reduces the instantaneous radiated power. As a result, a complex AM-PSK signal at the receiving point may be masked by noise and interference. Moreover, the energy of a complex AM-QPSK signal is by no means small, it is simply distributed over the time-frequency domain so that at each point in this region the signal power is lower than the noise and interference power.

The structural secrecy of complex AM-FMN signals is caused by a wide variety of their forms and significant ranges of parameter values, which makes it difficult to optimally or at least quasi-optimally process complex AM-FMN signals of an a priori unknown structure in order to increase the sensitivity of the receiving device.

Complex AM-FMn signals allow the use of a modern type of selection - structural selection. This means that there is a new opportunity to distinguish these signals from other signals and interference operating in the same frequency band and at the same time intervals.

Claims (2)

1. A method for monitoring forest fires, characterized in that the monitoring is carried out from at least two points located on the masts of the cellular communication via a thermal imaging camera and a video camera mounted so that their axes are parallel and mounted on a scanning platform located on each the mast of the cellular communication, while transmitting images obtained in the thermal and video channels, together with the data of the angular and azimuthal directions of the camera axes, obtained using a goniometric azimuthal meter, to the central ser An er, in which images obtained from thermal imaging and video cameras are converted, and data from angular-azimuth meters located on the masts of a cellular communication system in a geographical coordinate system, the foci of fire are linked to geographical coordinates with the image displayed on an electronic map of the area, a video image is superimposed on the image from the thermal imaging camera and the resulting images are output in the form of three separate images - obtained by overlaying a multi-sensor panoramic image, thermal imaging image and video image to the operator’s monitor and / or to the storage device, characterized in that a harmonic oscillation at a frequency ω _{c is} generated on the telecommunication module, it is modeled by amplitude with an analog message m ₁ (t), and the phase is controlled by a discrete message M ₁ (t ) obtained complex signal combined with amplitude modulation and phase shift keying is converted in frequency using frequency ω _r1 of the first local oscillator signal is separated first intermediate frequency _pr1 ω = ω _c + ω _r1, increase it by oschnosti and emit the air at the frequency ω ₁ = ω _pr1 = ω _r2, where ω _z2 - frequency of the second local oscillator, receives and amplifies its power from the central server converts the frequency using a frequency ω _r1 of the second local oscillator emit signal of a second intermediate frequency _np2 ω = ω ₁ -ω _d1 = ω _c, limit its amplitude, the received signal with the phase shift keying is used as the reference voltage for the synchronous detection of the combined composite signal with amplitude modulation and phase shift keying, low frequency secrete n voltage was proportional analog message m ₁ (t), fixed and analyzed at the same time the received signal with the phase shift keying is multiplied with the voltage of the first local oscillator is isolated signal with phase shift keying at the frequency ω _z2 = ω _np2 + ω _r1, synchronously detecting it using frequencies ω _r2 of the second local oscillator emit low-frequency voltage proportional to the digital message M ₁ (t), fixed and analyzed at the central server also form a harmonic oscillation at frequency ω _c, modulate it by the amplitude ude analog message m ₂ (t), is manipulated in phase digital message M ₂ (t), the resulting composite signal with a combination of amplitude modulation and phase shift keying is converted in frequency by using frequency ω _r2 of the first local oscillator emit signal of the third intermediate frequency ω _PR3 = ω _z2 -ω _c, increase its power and emit the air at the frequency ω = ω ₂ = ω _{r1 PR3,} receives and amplifies the power of the telecommunications module, is converted in frequency by using frequency ω _r2 of the second local oscillator signal of the second isolated Ind _np2 diate frequency ω = ω _z2 -ω _2, limit its amplitude, the received signal with the phase shift keying is used as the reference voltage for the synchronous detection of the combined composite signal with amplitude modulation and phase shift keying, isolated low-frequency voltage proportional analog post m ₂ (t ), fixed and analyzed at the same time the received signal with phase shift keying multiplied with the voltage of the first local oscillator is isolated from the phase shift keying signal at the frequency ω _z2 second het birthplace, isolated low-frequency voltage proportional to the digital message M ₂ (t), it is fixed and analyzed, and the frequency ω _d1 and ω _z2 oscillators spaced apart by the value of the second intermediate frequency ω _z2 -ω _d1 = ω _np2, complex signals are combined with amplitude modulation and phase-shift keying on a telecommunication module emit at a frequency of ω ₁ and receive at a frequency of ω ₂ , and on a central server, on the contrary, emit at a frequency of ω ₂ and receive at a frequency of ω ₁ . 2. A comprehensive system for the early detection of forest fires, containing at least two thermal imaging television modules for circular scanning of the area located on the masts of cellular communications, each thermal imaging television module is formed by a thermal imaging camera and a video camera installed so that their axes are parallel, goniometric - azimuth meters, the axis of which is parallel to the axes of the thermal imaging camera and the video camera, and the control controller, while the thermal imaging camera, the video camera and the azimuthal azimuthal measurement The meter is mounted on a scanning platform mounted on a cellular mast and capable of rotation about a vertical axis and rotation about a horizontal axis, the outputs of a thermal imaging camera, a video camera and an azimuth-azimuthal meter connected to the first or third inputs of the control controller, the input of the scanning platform motion control device connected to the first controller output, the fourth control controller input is connected to the global navigation satellite system unit, while the system is equipped with a telecommunication module that wirelessly communicates with the central server, and the telecommunication module is connected by an input-output, respectively, with a second output and a fifth input of a control controller, the sixth input of which is connected to the output of the meteorological data collection device, characterized in that the telecommunication module and the central server are made in the form of serially connected master oscillator, amplitude modulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the shaper of analog a phase manipulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the discrete message generator, the first mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first local oscillator, the amplifier of the first intermediate frequency, the first power amplifier, duplexer, the input-output of which is connected to the transceiver antenna, and the second power amplifier , a second mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, an amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, an amplitude limiter and a synchronous detector, the second input of which connected to the output of the amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, connected in series to the output of the amplitude limiter of the multiplier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first local oscillator, bandpass filter and phase detector, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, the outputs of the synchronous detector and phase detector of the telecommunication module connected to the first and second inputs of the control controller, respectively, to the first and second outputs of which are connected shaper analog O messages and shaper discrete messages, respectively, and the outputs of the synchronous detector and a phase detector of the central server connected to first and second inputs of the computer, respectively, to first and second outputs of which are connected shaper analog messages and shaper discrete messages, respectively, the frequency ω _d1 and ω _z2 oscillators spaced the value of the second intermediate frequency ω _z2 -ω _d1 = ω _np2, complex signals are combined with amplitude modulation and phase shift keying telecom, The radiator module emits at a frequency of ω ₁ , and is received at a frequency of ω ₂ , and the central server, on the contrary, is studied at a frequency of ω ₂ , and is received at a frequency of ω ₁ .

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