RU2662737C2 - Method of hydrofobisation and stabilization of soils of all road soil layers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to road construction and can be used to stabilize soils when creating the foundations of roads and railways, helicopter landing sites, runways, sites for various purposes, as well as paths in parks and gardens. Method of hydrofobisation and stabilization of soils of all layers of road soil consists in profiling, subsequent cutting of soil with a ground cutter, the subsequent mixing of soil with a milling cutter with the addition of cement, treatment of the soil-cement mixture with a hydrofobisator based on the natural mineral montmorillonite, milling of the treated ground-cement mixture, compaction by heavy vibrating rollers to maximum compaction and subsequent opening of the movement, the composition for stabilizing the soil contains water, cement and a mineral additive, as a mineral additive, a montmorillonite concentrate is introduced, and the mass fraction of water is variable depending on soil moisture.EFFECT: technical result is to strengthen the soil, both as a primary road surface, and as a basis for the construction of asphalt paving, and also in obtaining a higher level of quality of the finished construction object when applying and maintaining this technology.1 cl, 2 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to road construction and can be used to stabilize soils when creating the foundations of roads and railways, helipads, runways, platforms for various purposes, as well as paths in parks and gardens. The scope of the claimed invention relates to the use of the claimed method of hydrophobization and stabilization of soils, in particular, on waterlogged loams and clay soils with low bearing capacity.

Closest to the claimed invention is an invention known from patent RU 2281356 C1 (published on 08/10/2006), which relates to road construction and can be used to stabilize soils when creating the foundations of roads and railways, platforms for various purposes, paths in parks and gardens. The composition used to stabilize the soil contains cement, a mineral additive, and soot is introduced as a mineral additive.

The problem solved by the claimed technical solution is to strengthen the soil both as a main road surface and as a foundation in the construction of asphalt road surface. And also - in the manufacture of a multilayer road base (pillow) with a layer thickness of 20-25 cm, of any depth, while ensuring environmental cleanliness, safety for humans, non-toxicity and safety for green spaces (see Fig. 1).

The problem is solved thanks to the claimed method of hydrophobization and stabilization of soils of all layers of road soil, which consists in profiling, subsequent cutting of the soil with a soil mill, followed by mixing of the soil with a mill with cement, processing of the cement-cement mixture with a water-repellent agent based on the natural mineral montmorillonite, altering with a mill-processed soil compaction with heavy vibratory rollers until maximum compaction and subsequent opening of the movement, and the composition to stabilize the soil contains water, cement and a mineral additive, a montmorillonite concentrate is introduced as a mineral additive in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

- cement - 5-7%

- montmorillonite concentrate (R-SO3H, where R is a hydrocarbon) - 4%

- water, and the mass fraction of water is a variable value depending on soil moisture.

So, the humidity at which optimal work is performed is not higher than air humidity + 1%.

A roadbed made using this technology has a bearing capacity 1.5-4 times higher than a standard asphalt concrete road. The use of this technology involves the presence of specially trained employees to comply with the technology. However, this ensures safety not only for the environment, but also for personnel working with the above technology.

The main element of the technological process is hydrophobization and stabilization of soils of all layers of the road surface, with the addition of 5-7%. The principle of displacing free water molecules with an aqueous solution of a hydrophobizing agent and filling the liberated space with binder particles allows the soil to be compacted to the state of stone, while effectively preventing the possible penetration of water into the treated and compacted layer in the future (see Fig. 1).

One of the main reasons for the emergence and development of deformations of the roadway is a sharp decrease in the bearing capacity of the soil with an increase in humidity above the pore volume. So, the water surrounding a particle of soil does not allow the soil to condense. Soil density: + -1800 kg / m ³ (Dc) (see Fig. 2). After removal of water, soil particles are compacted. The density increases from 1800 to 2200 kg / m ³ (Df) (see Fig. 2).

The claimed method includes the following stages of work:

- profiling (using a grader, bulldozer);

- cutting soil with a soil mill;

- mixing with a mill of soil with the addition of up to 5-7% of cement from the volume of soil in the road layer;

- treatment of a cement-cement mixture with a water repellent agent based on an aqueous solution of the natural mineral montmorillonite;

- altering the cutter processed cement mixture;

- compaction with heavy vibratory rollers over 16 tons (recommended with vibration plates) to the maximum compaction;

- opening of movement in 3 days.

Asphalt pavement is laid (if necessary) without additional preparation or processing of the manufactured roadbed. When using the technology, the thickness of the asphalt pavement can be minimal, 4 cm. The manufactured roadbed using this technology does not lose its basic operational properties, even with complete and prolonged flooding (more than 90 days). These data are obtained from the experience of operating the road in Southeast Asia, as well as in Russia, the city of Temryuk, a container site.

The main advantage of this technology is the ability to obtain a higher level of quality of the finished construction project when applying and observing this technology. At the same time, the technology uses the results of many years of research into the physicochemical properties (ion exchange) of various soils, confirmed by many years of practice in many countries of the world. Also, from the implementation of the claimed method of hydrophobization and stabilization of soils of all layers of road soil, increased durability of consumer and operational properties of the finished construction object is provided. The specific load factor of the finished construction project is up to 80 t / sq.m. The claimed technology does not require any additional complex technical means. Moreover, it allows minimizing the use of complex and heavy equipment during construction, which in turn has a radical effect on both increasing the speed of construction work without loss of quality, and optimizing financial costs.

The speed of work is 3-5 times faster than when using old technologies. So, for the production of 1 km of the roadway of one technical team (grader, vibratory rollers more than 12 tons with vibration plates, a soil mill) it takes 2-3 days, while using the old technology it takes 10-15 days.

This is due to the following:

- the technology minimizes the number of operations during construction work;

- the need for less heavy machinery;

- the possibility of use as the main building material - soil at the place of construction work (usually it is removed and taken out);

- also the technology allows you to open the traffic within 2-3 days after the end of work (as the main coating layer).

When using the claimed method of hydrophobization and stabilization of soils of all layers of road soil, there is no need to deliver fractions such as sand and gravel to the construction site. The technology allows you to lay the asphalt pavement immediately on the site prepared using this technology without loss of quality, both the prepared pavement and the asphalt pavement. This ensures the versatility of technology.

This technology can be applied:

- as a partial or complete replacement of the old technology (roads of the 3rd and 4th category);

- as an additional option, together with the old construction technology to improve the consumer and operational characteristics of the finished object (roads of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd category, railway tracks, runways);

- It can be used wherever there is soil (exception - solid sand);

- manufacture of a base under the power plate of industrial floors;

- manufacture of foundation slabs for low-rise construction.

Objects built using this technology of hydrophobization and soil stabilization of all layers of road soil have unique performance characteristics (see tab. 1, 2):

- increased specific load of the soil bed up to 80 t / sq.m, allows using this technology in the construction of not only roads, but also more complex objects, such as runways and helipads, as well as railways and railway transport facilities;

- under the influence of intensive operation, the specific load coefficient of the finished construction object does not decrease, but continues to increase;

- there is no appearance of "rut" of the road surface;

- a finished object constructed using this technology (for example, a roadbed) perfectly withstands complete flooding for a long period without erosion and loss of basic operational properties;

- a finished object constructed using this technology (for example, a roadway) can withstand temperatures below -50 ° C, which allows you to use this technology and operate these objects in all climatic zones from the Far North to the Black Sea. At the same time, environmental cleanliness and non-toxicity of technology and products are ensured.

Fields of application of the method of hydrophobization and stabilization of soils of all layers of road soil:

- Construction and repair of roads of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th categories;

- Construction and repair of railways and infrastructure facilities of the railway industry;

- Construction of airfields and runways, helipads;

- Construction of pipelines (oil and gas pipelines) and infrastructure facilities of the industry;

- Construction of power lines (power lines) and infrastructure facilities in the industry;

- Construction of sports facilities;

- Construction of industrial and agricultural facilities;

- Construction of facilities (including infrastructure) of special departments;

- Construction of urban facilities;

- Construction of any other facilities requiring work to strengthen (compact) the soil base.

Examples.

Claims (4)

The method of hydrophobization and stabilization of soils of all layers of road soil, which consists in profiling, subsequent cutting of the soil with a soil mill, the subsequent mixing of the soil with a mill using cement, processing the cement mixture with a water-repellent agent based on the natural mineral montmorillonite, altering the mill with a processed cement mixture and compacting it with heavy seals to compact and the subsequent opening of the movement, and the composition for stabilizing the soil contains water, cement and mineral additive as montmorillonite mineral additive concentrate is introduced in the following ratio, wt. %: - cement -5-7% - montmorillonite concentrate (R-SO3H, where R is a hydrocarbon) - 4% - water, and the mass fraction of water is a variable value depending on soil moisture.

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