RU2662722C1 - Device for determining explosive charge / ammunition explosion pulse in the near zone - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: blasting operations.

SUBSTANCE: device for determining the explosive charge / ammunition explosion pulse in the near zone comprises a support structure consisting of a shelf with a horizontal surface and a vertical post / posts for its fastening and a set of prismatic meta bodies exposed to the impacting factors of explosion, placed on the shelf. Bodies thrown are made in the form of regular prisms, the lateral edges of which are longer than the sides of their bases, and are mounted on the support structure in several rows in height, forming a fragment of the honeycomb surface of a given profile with its frontal surfaces. On the back side, bodies thrown are equipped with equal mass indicator elements placed in each horizontal stacking row at different heights relative to their support surfaces. Bodies thrown are made in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds, regular triangular or hexagonal prisms. Meta bodies can be made hollow, and their cavities are filled with loose or hardening material of a given density. Indicator elements of the bodies thrown can be made in the form of rods, and have a different length within the horizontal stacking row. For more accurate measurements, indicator elements are placed at different distances from the equally oriented side surfaces of the bodies thrown within the vertical stacking row.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to improve the accuracy of measurements.

8 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of testing and measuring equipment, specifically to devices for measuring the characteristics of an explosion of ammunition or explosive charge (EXPLOSIVES), in the so-called near zone from the target (target), when the distance from the ammunition \ charge to the target does not exceed 10 calibers, and the target is exposed to the combined effect of the gaseous products of the explosion, fragments (body / shell) and air shock wave (HC).

Known devices for measuring the momentum of an explosion in the near zone / 1 /, containing a support structure consisting of a shelf with a horizontal surface and a vertical rack / racks for mounting it and placed on the shelf set of missile bodies.

The principle of operation of these devices is based on the movement of bodies of known mass with a given surface, exposed to the damaging factors of the explosion (in particular, HC), based on the known mass of the body and the measured value of its movement under the action of the explosion from the initial position, the impulse and pressure are calculated, respectively at the front of the HC.

The disadvantages of these devices include the fact that they use cylindrical-throwing bodies oriented to the point of explosion by the lateral surface of the cylinder, and they are supposed to be plane-parallel moving, while under the influence of shock waves they can also acquire rotational motion relative to the surface of the shelf longitudinal axes, on which some unaccounted part of the energy / momentum of the explosion will be spent. If the rotating cylinder moves in the air, the Magnus effect will appear - a physical phenomenon that occurs when a fluid or liquid flows around a rotating body. A force is generated that acts on the body and is directed perpendicular to the direction of flow, in this case, perpendicular to the direction of linear movement of the missile cylinder, which reduces the accuracy of measurements, and, as a result, subsequent calculations.

In addition, the proposed measurement tool for linear displacements of missile elements - roulette - does not allow to achieve high measurement accuracy.

The closest to the proposed invention in technical essence and the achieved result is the device / 2 /, also containing a supporting structure consisting of a shelf with a horizontal surface and a vertical rack / racks for its fastening and placed on the shelf the set of prismatic throwing bodies exposed to the explosion.

The prismatic throwing bodies here are mounted on a supporting structure closely adjacent to each other in the same row in height, touching on the bases of the prisms, i.e. oriented with respect to the explosive charge by the side faces, the side edges of the prisms being shorter than the sides of their bases. Thus, the loaded surface of the missile body (hereinafter referred to as the frontal surface) exposed to the damaging factors of the charge explosion (gaseous products of the explosion, fragments (body / shell) and hydrocarbon) is its lateral face.

The single-row placement of the missile bodies and the relatively high location of their centers of mass relative to the initial supporting surface, as in the case of an analog device, although they are prismatic, does not exclude the possibility of their acquiring the rotational velocity component relative to the longitudinal axes of the prisms, which will take some unaccounted for part of the energy explosion momentum. Also, the single-row arrangement of the missile bodies does not fully ensure their perception of such a damaging factor as an impact of a fragment of the shell of the explosive charge (ammunition).

And, finally, the use of this device, as in the case of an analogue, provides for the use of linear roulette bodies for measuring linear displacements, which does not provide high measurement accuracy.

The technical task of the invention is the elimination of the above disadvantages of the prototype, in the first place, improving the accuracy of measurements, as well as providing the possibility of using automated systems for collecting and processing information.

The solution to the problem is achieved by the fact that in the known device for determining the impulse of an explosive charge of an explosive charge / ammunition in the near zone, containing a support structure consisting of a shelf with a horizontal surface and a vertical rack / racks for its fastening and a set of prismatic impact factors affecting the explosion throwing bodies, in accordance with the invention, throwing bodies are made in the form of regular prisms, the side ribs of which are longer than the sides of their bases, and are mounted on op of a structural structure in several rows in height, forming a fragment of the honeycomb surface of a given profile with its frontal surfaces, while the throwing bodies on the back side are equipped with indicator elements of equal mass placed in each horizontal stacking row at different heights relative to their supporting surfaces.

Thus, the main distinguishing features of the proposed technical solution are:

- the implementation of the missile bodies in the form of regular prisms, the side ribs of which are longer than the sides of their bases;

- their installation on the supporting structure in several rows in height, with the formation of the front surface of the individual bodies of the fragment of the honeycomb surface of a given profile;

- supply of throwing bodies from the back with indicator elements of equal weight, placed in each horizontal row of piling at different heights relative to their supporting surfaces.

The execution of the missile bodies in the form of regular prisms, the side ribs of which are longer than the sides of their bases, along with their installation on the supporting structure in several rows in height will ensure:

- the formation by the frontal surfaces of individual bodies of the aggregate “solid” honeycomb surface of a given profile loaded with damaging factors of the explosion (flat, cylindrical or torus with some displacement relative to each other both within the same row and rows along the stacking height);

- strictly directed horizontal initial displacement relative to the supporting surface, thereby excluding rotational motion losses (at least for bodies in the “lower” rows);

- a possible “perception” by them of such a damaging factor as an impact of a fragment of the shell of the explosive charge (ammunition) due to an increase in the total loaded surface.

To form a “continuous” honeycomb surface of a given profile, the throwing bodies can be made in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds, regular triangular prisms, or regular hexagonal prisms / 3 /.

To provide different conditions for experimental studies, depending on the characteristics of the explosive charge used and the required mass of the missile bodies, they can be hollow and provided with lids on the back, for example, from thermoplastic polymers, laminated cardboard, and their cavities are filled with loose or cured material of a given density . In particular, for example, for throwing bodies, widespread prismatic containers for filling juices and dairy products filled with sand or cement mortar can be used.

The presence of indicator elements of equal mass placed on the back of the throwing bodies in each horizontal row of stacking at different heights relative to their supporting surfaces will allow the recognition of individual throwing bodies and recording their movement (before leaving the supporting surface of the shelf) under the influence of damaging factors of the explosion through high-speed shooting (hereinafter referred to as shooting) in the required wavelength range. Using surveys instead of metric measurements of the results will make it possible to obtain greater measurement accuracy compared to the prototype, as well as provide the possibility of automated collection and subsequent processing of information.

According to the results of the survey, the speed acquired by each propelled body is determined, and with a known mass, the momentum acquired by it.

An equal mass of indicator elements, which are advisable to perform in the form of rods, is necessary to ensure equal masses of the missile bodies. And their different lengths for throwing bodies within each horizontal row of laying will provide better “recognition” of the movement of each throwing body within the row according to the survey results.

The location of the indicator elements at different distances from the equally oriented lateral surfaces of the missile bodies within the vertical row of laying allows you to shoot from two directions - horizontal and vertical, which will provide greater accuracy of the results.

As an example, the invention is illustrated by graphic information:

In FIG. 1 (a, b, c) shows examples of placement on a shelf of the supporting structure of propelled bodies in the form of various regular prisms.

In FIG. 2 - a variant of laying rectangular parallelepipeds with the formation of a honeycomb torus surface.

In FIG. 3 presents various options for the design of indicator elements and their placement on the back of the missile bodies.

In FIG. 4 shows an example of a device prepared for measurements when shooting from one direction, and in FIG. 5 - when shooting from two directions.

A device for determining the momentum of an explosion of an explosive charge / ammunition in the near zone (Fig. 1, a, b, c) contains a support structure consisting of a shelf 1 with a horizontal surface and a vertical rack / racks 2 for its fastening and a set of the impact of the damaging factors of the explosion of prismatic throwing bodies 3. The throwing bodies are made in the form of regular prisms (a - triangular; b - hexagonal; c - rectangular parallelepipeds). The lateral ribs of the missile bodies 3 are longer than the sides of their bases. The bodies are mounted on the shelf 1 of the supporting structure in several rows in height, forming with their front surfaces a fragment of the honeycomb surface of a given profile, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, - torus when laying the throwing bodies in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds (R1 is the radius of the torus circumference, R2 is its rotation radius, indicator elements are not shown conditionally).

On the back side, the missile bodies 3 are equipped with indicator elements 4 of equal mass placed in a horizontal row of stacking at different heights relative to their supporting surfaces, as shown in FIG. 3 (a, b, c, d). The coordinate grid on the rear surfaces of the missile bodies is depicted for a more visual determination by illustrating the position of the indicator elements.

The indicator elements 4 of the missile bodies 3 within the horizontal row of stacking can have both the same (Fig. 3, a) and different lengths (Fig. 3, b). And besides - to be located at different distances from the equally oriented lateral surfaces of the missile bodies (Fig. 3, c, d) within the vertical row of laying.

The operation of the device is as follows (Fig. 4). On the shelf of the supporting structure 1, mounted on the uprights 2, they are placed by orderly stacking throwing bodies 3 subjected to the effects of the explosive factors of the explosion with the formation by their front surfaces of a fragment of the honeycomb surface of a given profile. Laying is carried out in such a way that indicator elements 4 in each horizontal row of laying are placed at different heights relative to the supporting surfaces of the throwing bodies 3. For partial compensation of the friction forces between the contacting surfaces of the throwing bodies 3, as well as the friction of the bodies of the lower row on the shelf 1, on the rubbing surfaces a thin coat of low viscosity grease may be applied.

The test explosive charge / ammunition 5 is mounted on its own stand 6 at a predetermined distance L from the surface formed by the throwing bodies 3, and at such a height that its center of mass and the center of mass of the throwing bodies located in the same row are in the same horizontal plane.

The charge 6 is detonated and, by means of a typical high-speed filming equipment 7, shooting is taken of the movement of the throwing bodies 3 from the moment of detonation to the beginning of the moment of falling (for example, the descent from the surface of the shelf 1 for the bodies of the lower stacking row). The different lengths of the indicator elements 4 for the missile bodies 3 within each horizontal row of stacking will provide the best “recognition” of the character of movement of each missile body from the resulting kinogram, and as a result, determine the speed and momentum acquired by it. The shooting direction in FIG. 4, 5 are indicated by arrows.

To obtain more accurate results, shooting can be carried out simultaneously from two angles (Fig. 5). The laying of the throwing bodies 3 is carried out in such a way that the indicator elements 4 are placed not only at different heights relative to their supporting surfaces in each horizontal row of the stack, but also are located at different distances from the equally oriented side surfaces within the vertical row of the stack.

The shooting process can be carried out in automatic mode, analysis and processing of the obtained cinema films, determination by their results by mathematical processing of the pulse and pressure of the shock wave can also be carried out automatically, using modern software and hardware. This will increase the accuracy of measurements, significantly reduce labor costs, and provide the ability to use automated systems for collecting and processing information.

Information sources

1. M. Held, Blast Load Diagnostic, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech 2009, 34, 194-209 analogues.

2. CN patent No. 105606650 A, G01N 25/54, Method for testing cylindrical charging near-field energy distribution character, 2016 - prototype

3. https: // ru. wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0% B5% D1% 82% D1% 80% D0% B8% D1% 8F) [Prism_ (geometry)]

Claims (8)

1. A device for determining the momentum of an explosion of a charge of explosive / ammunition (explosive) in the near zone, containing a support structure consisting of a shelf with a horizontal surface and a vertical rack / racks for its fastening and placed on the shelf a set of prismatic throwing bodies exposed to the attacking factors of the explosion characterized in that the missile bodies are made in the form of regular prisms, the side ribs of which are longer than the sides of their bases, and are mounted on a support structure of several p rows height, forming their front surfaces fragment cellular predetermined surface profile, wherein on the rear side propelled body are provided with equal mass indicator elements arranged in each horizontal row of laying at different heights relative to their support surfaces. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the missile bodies are made in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the missile bodies are made in the form of regular triangular prisms. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the throwing bodies are made in the form of regular hexagonal prisms. 5. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the missile bodies are made hollow, and their cavities are filled with loose or cured material of a given density. 6. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the indicator elements are made in the form of rods. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the indicator elements of the missile bodies within the horizontal row of laying have different lengths. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the indicator elements are located at different distances from the equally oriented lateral surfaces of the missile bodies within the vertical stacking row.

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