RU2658432C1 - Dry manicure and pedicure performing technique - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: personal and household goods.

SUBSTANCE: invention provides safe processing of the cuticle and side rollers when performing dry manicure and pedicure. Claimed method of performing dry manicure and pedicure is to treat the hands with a skin antiseptic, further processed the free edge of the nail, after the removal of the pterygium, then go to the stage of processing of the periungual skin dermis and cuticle treatment, next, the skin is treated on the fingers or toes, while the file is glued at a distance of 1–1.5 mm above the base so that the thin free edge of the saw will provide the working of the zone of the rear upper roller where it passes into the lateral roller, with a pre-orange stick lift the cuticle and remove the pterygium in the direction from left to right or right to left, thereby lifting it from the entire nail, also the stage of cuticle and periungual skin treatment begins with the processing of the cuticle and side rollers with a sawing, and then the lateral cutaneous rollers and cuticle are treated with 240 Grit file.

EFFECT: method of performing dry manicure and pedicure.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to personal use procedures, namely to manicure and pedicure, and can be used in professional and individual activities.

Introduction

Nails are derivatives of skin cells. Each nail plate is located in its nail bed, and its hidden part has good blood supply, due to which the nail receives nutrition. On average, the nail grows at a speed of 3 mm per month, and its full renewal occurs approximately every six months. Nails are resistant to acids, alkalis and low temperatures. The main element of the nail plate is keratin.

Keratin is one of the strongest proteins in organic nature, it contains sulfur, phosphorus, zinc, arsenic. The appearance of nails very often depends on the internal state of a person, as well as on many hereditary factors and on the proper care of nails and skin. The skin of the hands and feet, as well as the nails, require special gentle treatment, as they are most susceptible to environmental stress in our body.

Nail plate: structure, functions.

The main function of nails is protective: they protect the fingertips from damage. In addition, by pressing soft tissues against them, they increase the sensitivity of the fingertips, and also play an important role in manipulating small objects. In the nail apparatus, the actual nail plate, bed, matrix, nail rollers and cuticle are isolated.

The nail plate consists of several dozen layers of translucent, tightly adherent keratinized cells. It is firmly fused with the nail bed and due to the capillaries shining through it, the bed has a pink color. The back and sides are surrounded by nail rollers. The main function of the plate is protective: it protects the soft tissues of the distal phalanx of the finger from mechanical and chemical damage.

The following parts are distinguished in the nail plate:

nail root - the proximal section, which is located under the skin and only partially protrudes from under the back roller; the hole is a whitish strip of a crescent shape at the base of the nail; the body of the nail is the area that is located on the nail bed.

The border between the body of the nail and its front free edge is familiar to the nail service masters called smile line;

- the free leading edge extends beyond the bed. The raw edge of the shape follows the contour of the hole.

The plate consists of three layers - a thin dorsal and a thick intermediate, for the formation of which the nail matrix is responsible, and also a thin ventral - a derivative of the nail bed. All of them consist mainly of solid keratin, which in its physical and chemical properties differs from soft keratin of the skin epidermis.

Its increased strength is explained by the high content of sulfur-containing amino acid cystine, whose molecules form a large number of disulfide bonds; that is why with a lack of sulfur in the body, the nail begins to delaminate. Also in the nail plate contains water and lipids (15% each), which determine its elasticity, firmness and healthy shine.

The nail plate is solid, but at the same time porous. Due to this, unlike the skin, it absorbs water and other substances that fall on its surface well. This feature underlies many methods of treating nail diseases.

Matrix of the nail - the back of the epidermis of the bed, located under the hole and the root of the nail, forms a matrix - sprout zone. Due to the division of onychoblast cells located here, the dorsal and intermediate layers of the nail plate are formed, up to 90% of its thickness.

The border of the matrix is 7-8 mm proximal to the posterior nail roller. The matrix determines the shape of the nail, its thickness, structure and growth rate. Serious damage to the matrix can lead to changes in the entire nail plate. A very important point is the exact observance of the technological process of dry manicure as a whole, as well as its components, such as the correct determination of the angle of inclination of the working tool and the degree of its pressure in order to avoid possible injuries of the nail plate and skin.

In the matrix, processes of cell division and keratinization are constantly going on. Keratinocytes of the basal layer divide and differentiate, turning into flat, tightly packed horny scales. New cells are displaced in the direction from the root of the nail to its edge, shifting the old scales forward, with the result that the nail plate grows in length. The scallops and grooves of the papillary dermis mentioned above play the role of peculiar rails in this process, due to which the growing nail plate slides forward along its bed. With strong nail cutting, the structure of the papillary layer can be disturbed, which is fraught with a deterioration of the plate growth in length, as well as a weakening of the ligamentous apparatus and, as a result, a change in the shape of the nail.

The germinal epithelium is visible through the nail in the form of a white strip - the hole. Its color is explained by the fact that in the epidermis of the matrix there is a granular layer rich in keratogialin, through which the vessels of the dermis are not visible. In the area of the hole, the nail plate is quite thin and soft and is most sensitive to damage.

Nail rolls are the skin folds that border the nail plate. The back roller covers its root, and the lateral, respectively, lateral edges. In the place of contact with the nail plate, the rollers form the posterior and lateral nail sinuses, or sinuses. When performing manicure, these areas should be given special attention, since their poor-quality sanitation leads to the rapid peeling of varnish or gel coating.

Cuticle - the stratum corneum of the epidermis of the posterior roller passes to the nail plate, forming a cuticle. It consists of two parts. Upper - eponychium, is a narrow skin border. The lower one is pterygium, a thin epithelial film firmly attached to the surface of the nail plate and growing with it. Pterygium not completely removed during manicure leads to detachment of the applied coating. The cuticle performs a very important function: it overlaps the gap between the nail plate and the back roller, leading to the matrix of the nail. Thanks to the cuticle, pathogens, chemical compounds and water cannot enter the sprout zone, and the matrix is protected from various damaging environmental factors.

However, the cuticle needs to be processed periodically. Since, firstly, the dead cells of an overgrown stratum corneum themselves become a breeding ground for bacteria. And secondly, the dried edge of the cuticle often exfoliates and breaks. This leads to subsequent tearing of the skin of the nail roller, its immediate continuation - that is, to the formation of burrs. This is the area of skin near the nail plate. The burrs can be located on the lateral skin ridges or in the cuticle area, be small and large, single or multiple. Sensitive and dry skin of the hands is more susceptible to their formation. In this case, under adverse conditions, the skin around the nails quickly becomes thinner, loses its elasticity and easily crackes or is injured at the slightest impact. Even more likely their appearance on the fingers makes the lack of proper daily hand care, biting nails (onychophagia). In addition, burrs on the fingers can occur during mechanical cuticle injuries during the execution of a classic manicure or pedicure. The formation of burrs is often caused by spontaneous rupture of the excess cuticle growing on the nail plate, the cuticle, which stretches up with it as the nail grows.

Microtrauma, microcracks and violation of the integrity of the skin can serve as an entrance gate for bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and contribute to the development of paronychia.

This skin defect is a source of constant discomfort and causes a lot of problems, accompanied by soreness, often bleeding. Skin tears around the nail carry a serious risk of developing periungual panaritium (paronychia). In this case, redness and swelling, throbbing pain occurs at the burr site. The appearance of a softening area and a change in skin color indicates the accumulation of pus in the subungual space. In cases of paronychia, it acquires a relapsing course, leading to thickening, discoloration, deformation of the nail or its loss. It is believed that the cut manicure is an effective way to get rid of burrs, since it involves the complete removal of the cuticle, but sources indicate that the cut manicure is also the reason for their appearance.

To eliminate and prevent the occurrence of burrs on the fingers, it is necessary to properly care for the skin of the hands and feet, namely, apply the claimed technique of dry manicure and pedicure.

Nail growth and factors influencing it.

The adult’s nail is extended by 0.11 mm per day, and by 0.04-0.06 in a child’s nail. The growth rate of nails on the legs is 4 times slower than on the hands. On average, in a healthy adult, the nail plate on the hands completely changes in 2-3 months, and on the legs the nail changes in 8-12 months. The growth rate varies depending on many reasons.

The condition of the nails is an indicator of many problems in the body (or their absence). There are several factors that affect nail health.

A very important factor is proper nutrition. For proper growth and beautiful appearance of nails, it is necessary that a sufficient amount of protein is present in the diet. Fatty amino acids are also needed for nails. It is important to eat fish and meat, vegetable oil, sources of protein and healthy fats.

A lack of zinc in the body can cause brittle nails. A sufficient amount of zinc in the body comes with fish, various seafood (mussels, shrimps, crab). There is also a lot of it in meat (especially in beef), in the liver, in oatmeal, seeds and legumes.

Calcium, which is important for nails (and hair), is found in dairy products - milk, sour cream, cream, cheese and cottage cheese. Be sure to use them so that the nails are strong and shiny.

Vitamins of group A (carotene) and B are very useful for nail growth. Eat carrots, pumpkin, eggs, as well as cereals, herbs, wheat and oat sprouts. Iron must be part of the products of those who want to have healthy nails. It is found in red meat, liver, apples, as well as in buckwheat. The diet that is recommended for the growth and nutrition of nails almost coincides with the one that is recommended for a healthy lifestyle - a lot of fiber, herbs, vitamins, moderate consumption of fats (preferring vegetable ones), and a minimum of carbohydrates. This suggests that only with a balanced healthy diet beautiful nails are possible.

It is important to note that the lack of vitamins and essential minerals and trace elements instantly affects the nails. They become brittle, become stained and acquire an uneven wavy surface.

The need for dry manicure and dry pedicure, and the technique for its implementation.

To ensure optimal care for the condition of the skin of the hands and feet, and also to avoid micro-injuries, microcracks, impaired skin integrity and, as a result, to prevent bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and to prevent the development of paronychia, a special dry manicure technology has been developed . It is through the application of the claimed technology that the most secure processing of the cuticle and side rollers is ensured. With the help of this treatment, it is possible to remove keratinized cells without injuring the area of the cuticle and ridges. It is also possible to avoid cuts, as often happens in a classic edged manicure.

The tool necessary when performing the claimed technique of dry manicure and pedicure:

- Two plastic bases for removable disposable files;

- one interchangeable file grinder on an adhesive basis (to eliminate pterygium and grinding periungual skin roller);

- one removable file with an abrasiveness of 180 Grit (to create the shape of the free edge);

- one removable file with an abrasiveness of 240 Grit (for processing cuticles and periungual skin rolls);

- an orange stick (for raising and separating pterygium from the nail).

The steps for performing a dry manicure include the following:

- Hand treatment with a skin antiseptic;

- processing the free edge of the nail;

- cuticle processing (eliminating pterygium is a thin visual film);

- processing of the periungual skin roller (eliminating burrs and areas of rough skin);

- processing of the fingers (if required).

To replace the removable file on the base, it is treated with an antiseptic. The file is glued 1 mm - 1.5 mm above the base, so that with a thin free edge of the file it is possible to work out the area of the upper back roller, where it goes into the side skin roller.

The first thing that treatment starts with is hand disinfection with a skin antiseptic. Next, the free edge of the nail is processed, a shape is created. At the next stage of treatment, the cuticle rises and the pterygium is removed with an orange stick in the direction strictly from left to right or from right to left, thereby lifting it from the entire nail.

The next step is the processing of cuticles and periungual skin ridges. The passage is provided by grinding throughout the cuticle, thereby removing pterygium from all nails. After this, the processing of the side skin rollers with a 240 Grit file is carried out. If necessary, you can use a file with a greater abrasiveness of 180 Grit.

The direction of the file can be set in any direction, up or down, however, avoiding the direction in the opposite direction to the growth of burrs, if any, to exclude the possibility of stretching. Rapid file movements should be avoided so as not to injure the skin. And the direction of the file is set based on the characteristics of the cuticle.

The file should always be facing end parallel to the nail plate. When cutting the cuticle, the pressure is applied only to the rollers, back and side, but in no case to the nail matrix, otherwise, with strong pressure, you can get a cut or groove. And this, in turn, can lead to impaired nail growth and other injuries. Side rollers need to be processed by pulling the file down. The roller processing sequence is set individually. First, the side rollers can be processed, then the upper one. Or pre-treating the nails with a grinding file and modify the upper roller area with a 240 Grit file. This can also be done starting from the right side roller, then proceed to processing the top and then go down to the left side. The small cuticle particles that remain during processing are removed with a grinding file.

For example, if you cut the rollers 3-5 times with a 240 Grit file, and then go through them with a grinding file, all the bumps and fibers that may remain on the cuticle and skin rollers will disappear immediately.

The procedure for cutting side rollers is shown in Fig. 1 and 2. From 5 to 7 times you need to pass a nail file on the skin of the side rolls 240 Grit, and then pass through them with a grinding file, which will eliminate all the bumps and villi that may remain on the cuticle and skin rollers. Then, with gentle and slow movements, the cuticle is cut off on the entire periungual roller.

Thus, the following technical result is achieved:

- hand treatment is absolutely safe, environmental and natural, due to the fact that it is performed with disposable files, cuts of the periungual ridges and cuticle injuries, as well as an allergic reaction, are excluded;

- cuticle growth is reduced to minimal, dry manicure allows you to do the procedure much less often;

- providing solutions to the problem of burrs and elimination of dead cells, without injuring the area of the cuticle and ridges.

Also, due to the fact that the hands go through the disinfection stage and the procedure is performed with disposable nail files, we can eliminate the need for running water in the working room.

An important detail when working with a grinding file is that it is not recommended to process the entire nail plate with it, only the side and rear rollers. It is permissible to grind the nail surface only if there are obvious irregularities. Because the nail plate is solid, but porous and artificially it should not be thinned.

Since dry manicure is performed with disposable nail files, this eliminates the possibility of improperly sanitized tools. In a dry manicure, the cuticle does not retract deep beneath the roller, as is the case in a classic trim manicure. In this technique, the cuticle can remain, but not more than 0.5 mm or a quarter of the untreated upper roller and side rollers.

Pedicure is a procedure that is both aesthetic and hygienic. Any type of pedicure includes processing of the cuticle, nail plate and foot. During the pedicure, special attention is paid to areas with distinctively roughened areas of the skin - calluses. Corns have an aesthetically unattractive appearance and are formed due to overweight, tight shoes and aggressive environmental influences. Dry pedicure is also performed according to the same scheme. It can be performed without maceration with complete disinfection of the feet with a skin antiseptic. The sequence of processing nails and rollers is the same as in dry manicure.

Claims (1)

The method of performing dry manicure and pedicure, which consists in the fact that the first stage is the treatment of the hands with a skin antiseptic, then the free edge of the nail is treated, then the pterygium is removed, then they go on to the processing of the periungual skin ridges and the cuticle, then the skin is processed on the fingers hands or feet, while the file is glued at a distance of 1 mm - 1.5 mm above the base, so that a thin free edge of the file ensures the study of the area of the rear upper roller, where it goes into the side shaft in this case, the cuticle is preliminarily raised with an orange stick and the pterygium is removed from left to right or from right to left, thereby lifting it from the entire nail, also the processing of the cuticle and periungual skin ridges begins with processing the cuticle and side rollers with a grinding file, and then the lateral skin the rollers and cuticle are processed with a 240 Grit file, and the direction of the file is set up or down, however, avoiding the direction in the opposite direction to the growth of burrs, while the file is located parallel to the end flax the nail plate, when cutting the cuticle, pressure is applied only to the rollers, back and side, but not to the nail matrix, the side rollers are processed by pulling the file down, and the procedure for cutting keratinized cells from the side rollers involves several file cuts with a 240 Grit file on the skin of the side rollers and the cuticle, and then the grinding step is performed using a grinder file, while the processing step of the cuticle and periungual skin rolls is performed in short and slow movements.

Images