RU2658301C2 - Synchronous linear electric motor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electric machines, linear electric motors, and can be used in the kinematic systems of high-precision process equipment, for example, in laser, plasma, hydroabrasive, metal-cutting machines. Synchronous linear motor comprises an inductor on permanent magnets with a pole division τ, sectional pole armature with three-phase winding. Pole of the second phase is biased relative to the pole of the first by 2/3τ+2τ, and the pole of the third phase is shifted relative to the second pole by 2/3τ-2τ, while the width of each pole is 4/3τ.

EFFECT: technical result consists in improving the manufacturing processability while maintaining the specific power characteristics due to the increase in the size of the poles by half up to 4/3τ.

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Description

The invention relates to electric machines, namely to linear electric motors, and can be used in kinematic systems of high-precision technological equipment, for example, in laser, plasma, waterjet complexes, metal-cutting machines.

Known synchronous linear electric motor containing a permanent magnet inductor with pole division τ, explicit pole armature with a three-phase winding [1]. For this electric motor, the three poles of the three-phase winding are located above two permanent magnets in such a way that the size of each pole is 2 / 3τ. This electromagnetic circuit is a classic.

The disadvantage of this motor is the technological complexity of laying the winding in the slots of the armature, which increases the cost of production, since it is almost impossible to mechanize the process and it must be done manually.

Known synchronous linear electric motor containing a permanent magnet inductor with pole division τ, sectional explicit pole armature with a three-phase winding [2].

The disadvantage of this engine is the increased production costs, despite the sectional design of the armature, which in principle allows us to mechanize the process of laying the winding, but it is not always possible to do this, because the size of the pole-section is 2 / 3τ and for small sizes of pole division it is technologically difficult to break the anchor into sections.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to reduce production costs while maintaining specific power characteristics.

The technical result consists in improving the manufacturability of manufacturing a sectional armature by doubling the size of the pole section to 4 / 3τ. This increase allows you to break the anchor into sections with small sizes of pole division, which is usually 10-20 mm. Dividing the anchor into sections allows you to mechanize the process of laying the winding, performing this operation on a winding machine. The presence of terminal sections at the poles makes it possible to wind the winding directly onto the pole on which the insulating film has been previously applied. This allows you to not use special frames for winding windings. It should be noted that with the indicated increase in the relative sizes of the poles, high specific power characteristics of the motor are preserved, since the average magnetic field induction in the non-magnetic gap does not decrease.

The above technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a synchronous linear electric motor containing a permanent magnet inductor with pole division τ, a sectional explicit pole armature with a three-phase winding, the pole of the second phase is offset from the pole of the first by 2 / 3τ + 2τ, and the pole of the third phase is offset relative to the pole of the second by 2 / 3τ-2τ, while the width of each pole is 4 / 3τ.

The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1, which shows a longitudinal section of a synchronous linear electric motor, as well as a pole transformation diagram according to the invention, and a pie chart of FIG. 2.

The invention is as follows.

A synchronous linear electric motor contains an inductor 1 with permanent magnets 2, mounted with pole division τ and forming a structure alternating with a pole along the movement, a housing 3, on which poles 5, 6, 7 of a sectional explicit pole armature with a three-phase winding 8 are rigidly installed using wedges 4 The housing 3 with an armature formed by poles 5, 6, 7 with a winding 8, is installed with the possibility of movement along the alternating-pole structure of the magnets 2.

The pole transformation according to the invention, graphically represented in FIG. 1 occurs as follows. The pole 6 of phase B is offset along the movement relative to the pole 5 of phase A by a distance equal to 2 / 3τ + 2τ, and the pole 7 of phase C is offset, respectively, relative to the pole 6 of phase B by a distance equal to 2 / 3τ-2τ. Then the distance between adjacent poles and, accordingly, the width of each pole is 4 / 3τ, which is two times greater than that of the known linear electric motor. The total size of the poles of the three phases is 4τ. As seen in FIG. 1, with this transformation, the phase sequence changes from direct A-B-C to reverse A-C-B, while the phase C winding has a direct connection, which is also reflected in FIG. one.

In addition, the pole transformation process is shown in the pie chart of FIG. 2. From the diagram it follows that after the proposed spatial transformation of the poles, the necessary spatial shift between the phases of the poles - 120 e. degrees, which is necessary to obtain a traveling magnetic field, when the currents in the phases are shifted in time by 120 el. degrees, and the phases are shifted in space by 120 el. degrees. Obviously, with any transformation of the poles 2 / 3τ +/- 2τ × K (where K is any integer), the operability of the linear electric motor will be preserved, but maintaining high specific power characteristics is possible only in the embodiment proposed in the invention. Since in other cases the total length of the three poles will be more than 4τ, and provided that the width of one pole cannot exceed 4 / 3τ due to the shunting of the magnetic field of the permanent magnets of the inductor, nonmagnetic gaps appear along the armature length, reducing the average value of magnetic induction in a non-magnetic gap.

Implementation of the proposed invention is also possible in rotary synchronous explicit pole motors, then the number of pairs of poles p should be equal to 4k, where k is any integer. However, structurally and technologically it is not advisable. In such machines, on the contrary, they seek to reduce the size of the pole by applying its crushing.

The device operates as follows. When applying a three-phase system of currents from the control system, shifted in time by 120 el. degrees, for three phases of winding 8 there is a running electromagnetic field of the armature, because the poles 5, 6, 7 are shifted in space by 120 el. degrees. This field, interacting with the fixed field of permanent magnets 2 of the inductor 1, creates a traction force directed along the alternating-pole structure of the inductor 1. The specified force drives the housing 3 with the poles 5, 6, 7 of the sectional explicit pole armature installed by means of wedges 4.

Thus, the proposed technical solution will reduce production costs while maintaining specific power characteristics.

In accordance with this invention, synchronous linear motors were manufactured and tested. Manufacture confirmed the improvement of manufacturability and reduction of production costs. Tests confirmed high specific power characteristics.

Information sources

1. US patent US 5910691 A, H02K 41/03, publ. 06/08/1999.

2. US patent US 6831379 B2, H02K 41/03, publ. 12/14/2004.

Claims (1)

A synchronous linear electric motor containing a permanent magnet inductor with pole division τ, a sectional explicit pole armature with a three-phase winding, characterized in that the pole of the second phase is offset from the pole of the first by 2 / 3τ + 2τ, and the pole of the third phase is offset from the pole of the second by 2 / 3τ-2τ, while the width of each pole is 4 / 3τ.

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