RU2658073C2 - Vibration exciter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to vibration technology and can be used in vibrating devices for technological purposes, in particular in the processing of low-rigid axially symmetric shaft type parts. Device comprises a housing, in which a shaft with eccentric weights is placed on the bearings, and a shaft rotating drive including an electric motor and a belt transmission. Eccentric weights are made in the form of three eccentrics, two of which are rigidly placed on the shaft, and the third one is arranged to control the disturbing force and is located between the two eccentrics on the shaft portion provided with the longitudinal grooves forming a profile of the ratchet engagement in the transverse section. And the third eccentric is made with a profile hole, in which a retainer, designed with a possibility of radial displacement, is placed. Electric motor can be mounted on the body by means of a bracket, and their connection with each other presupposes the use of vibration isolation means.

EFFECT: technical result consists in the manufacturability and ease of adjusting the required amount of eccentric weight, as well as unloading the electric motor from vibration effects.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to vibroengineering and can be used in vibration devices for technological purposes, in particular in the processing of low-axisymmetric shaft-type parts.

Since these processes imply the need to control the disturbing force acting on the workpiece, in these cases a vibration exciter is needed that would allow quickly and simply changing the vibration processing parameters in production conditions.

Known vibration exciter comprising a housing with an unbalanced shaft located therein with an axial channel for supplying the working fluid, unbalances rigidly mounted on the shaft and mounted with the possibility of rotation, a spring-loaded locking rotary unbalance that is activated under the pressure of the working fluid, and a shaft rotation drive, while equipped with a retractable unbalance with a cavity communicating with the channel for supplying the working fluid, and the rotary unbalance lock is made of two spring-connected stops located in the shaft hole, ne perpendicular to its axis, and part of the hole between the stops is a cavity communicating with the channel for supplying a working fluid [USSR Author's Certificate No. 844079, class. B06B 1/16, 1981].

This vibration exciter can increase the processing power, but due to the complexity of regulation using the oil system has limited use.

Known vibration exciter, taken as a prototype, containing a drive shaft with an eccentric part, freely located on the last unbalance and a mechanism for capturing the unbalance in rotational motion, the unbalance being made with an axial cylindrical groove and mounted on the eccentric part with rotation, and the vibration exciter is equipped with a guide fixed to the eccentric part with a lead made in the form of a part of a hollow cylinder freely located in a cylindrical groove and covering the eccentric part and on ravlyaetsya [Copyright certificate the USSR №1473865, cl. B06B 1/16, 1989].

This vibration exciter can improve reliability during operation and increase the efficiency of vibration exposure, but changing the magnitude of the disturbing force is possible using additional unbalance, reinstalling which on the vibration exciter shaft is a time-consuming operation.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to develop such an unbalanced vibration exciter that would have the adaptability and ease of regulation of the required unbalance value, as well as an increased service life due to unloading from the vibrations of the main elements of the electric motor.

This problem is solved by the fact that in the vibration exciter containing the housing, in which the shaft with unbalances is placed on the bearings, and the shaft rotation drive, including the electric motor and belt drive, the unbalances are made in the form of three eccentrics, two of which are rigidly fixed to the shaft, and the third is placed between them it is made with the possibility of regulating the magnitude of the disturbing force, while the latter is placed on the shaft section made with longitudinal grooves forming a ratchet engagement profile in cross section, and the unbalance itself is executed with the profile opening, wherein the stopper is placed, adapted to move radially.

The electric motor can be mounted on the housing by means of a bracket, and the electric motor and bracket can be interconnected using cylindrical rubber washers, and the bracket and housing using rubber-metal hinges.

Performing unbalances in the form of three eccentrics, two of which are rigidly fixed to the shaft, and the third is placed between them, allows you to create symmetry on the shaft, which protects the shaft itself from excessive loading in the longitudinal direction, and the bearings from the effects of beats in the same direction.

The implementation of the third - central unbalance with the ability to control the magnitude of the disturbing force provides the process of vibration processing in various ranges.

Placing the central unbalance on the shaft section made with longitudinal grooves forming a ratchet engagement profile in cross section allows using the capabilities of this engagement (stepping, simplicity, reliability, etc.) for the purpose of controlling the magnitude of the disturbing force.

Performing a central unbalance with a profile hole in which a stopper is arranged, made with the possibility of radial movement, makes it possible to rigidly fix this unbalance on the shaft with a given (required) value of the magnitude of the disturbing force.

The installation of the electric motor on the housing through the bracket allows you to reduce the impact of vibration on the electric motor during operation.

The connection of the electric motor and the bracket to each other using cylindrical rubber washers allows the electric motor to be unloaded as much as possible from the effects of alternating loads due to damping.

The connection of the bracket and the housing with each other using rubber-metal hinges provides another degree of unloading of the electric motor from the effects of alternating loads.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 - vibration exciter, side view with a cut of its body;

in FIG. 2 - central unbalance, section AA in FIG. one;

in FIG. 3 is the same, section BB in FIG. 2.

The vibration exciter contains a housing 1, in the lateral covers of which in the bearing bearings 2 a shaft 3 is installed with unbalances 4, 5 and 6 made in the form of three eccentrics, two of which (4 and 6) are rigidly fixed to the shaft, and the third (5) of them placed between them on the shaft portion 7. A driven pulley 8 is mounted on a shaft portion 3 that exits the housing 1, connected by a belt drive 9 to a driving pulley 10 mounted on the shaft 11 of the electric motor 12, which is mounted on the housing covers by means of an arm 13, using shock absorbers 14, which are preferably used cylindrical rubber washers. The end of the shaft 3, beyond the dimensions of the driven pulley 8, is made with a profile groove 15, which serves to install the adjusting key 16 (marked with a dashed line) in it at the time of regulating the disturbing force of the vibrator. For fastening to the part 17 subjected to vibration processing, there is a gripper 18 mounted on the housing and made with a bolted connection 19. The shaft portion 7 is made with longitudinal grooves 20 forming a ratchet joint profile in cross section, and the unbalance 5 is made with a profile hole 21, in which placed the stopper 22, made with the possibility of radial movement and compression to the longitudinal grooves 20. In addition, in the unbalance 5 is made at right angles to the opening 21 of the hole 23, which serves to enter into it at the time of adjustment Nia locking key 24. In the wall of the housing 1 opposite the main unbalanced mass 5 has an opening 25 closed by a bolt 26. The fastening elements exciter must be protected from vibration locking parts.

The vibration exciter is as follows.

Before machining the part 17, the required perturbing force is determined (set), which is set on the vibration exciter, and the latter is attached to the body of the part so that the longitudinal axis of the part is parallel to the velocity vector (circumferential) when the eccentrics 4, 5 and 6 rotate and vibrate. When the desired result is achieved, the vibration exciter is reinstalled in such a way that it provides torsional vibrations to the part: the part is set perpendicular to the initial position and vibration processing is performed.

The regulation of the disturbing force of the vibration exciter is as follows. Unscrew the bolt 26 from the vibrator body (Fig. 3). The adjusting key 16 is installed in the groove 15 of the shaft 3 of the vibration exciter (Fig. 1), and a lock key 24 is inserted through the opening 25 of the housing 24. By turning the key 16 against the arrow, the lock key 24 is input (Fig. 3) into the hole 23 of the central cam 5, and by rotation of the same key in the direction of the arrow set the specified value of the force indicated in percent on the casing.

The frequency of vibration exposure is controlled by changing the speed of the output shaft of the electric motor.

Claims (1)

A vibration exciter comprising a housing in which a shaft with unbalances is placed on bearings and a shaft rotation drive including an electric motor and a belt drive, characterized in that the unbalances are made in the form of three eccentrics, two of which are rigidly fixed to the shaft, and the third is placed between them and made with the possibility of regulating the magnitude of the disturbing force, while the latter is placed on a shaft section made with longitudinal grooves forming a ratchet engagement profile in cross section, and the unbalance is made with the pros ln hole, in which is placed a stopper made with the possibility of radial movement.

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