RU2658025C1 - Pneumatic nozzle with two-phase flow of spray - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: devices for liquid spraying or atomizing.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fluid spraying equipment and can be used in fire fighting, agriculture, chemical industry and heat power engineering. In a pneumatic nozzle with a two-phase flow of spray liquid containing a hollow body with a nozzle and a central core, the body is provided with a fluid supply channel and comprises a coaxial, rigidly connected to it bushing, with a nozzle fixed in its lower part and made in form of a cylindrical two-stage bushing, which upper cylindrical stage is by means of threaded connection connected to a coaxial central core having a central hole, and installed with annular clearance relative to cylindrical bushing inner surface, and the annular gap is connected, at least, with three radial channels implemented in the two-level bushing, connecting it with the annular cavity formed by internal surface of the bushing and external surface of the upper cylindrical step, annular cavity is connected to the body fluid supply channel, to a central core, to lower part of which is rigidly connected atomizer, made in the form of perforated tube with a stopper at the bottom in form of a circular plate, and in the central core, in its middle part, drilling through is made which, together with the annular gap between the nozzle and the central core, forms a pocket which is connected through a partition with additional annular gap, liquid from which enters in film mode to internal surface of complete diffuser, forming two-phase flow of atomized liquid separated by partition, and a cylinder course is coaxially attached to the diffuser, cut of which lies in the plane of atomizer circular plate.

EFFECT: high efficiency of liquid atomizing.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for spraying a liquid.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is the nozzle according to patent RU No. 2461427, A62C 31/02, publ. 05/20/98, containing a hollow body with a nozzle and a central core. The use of a finely dispersed sprayer of the described design allows one to obtain a uniform volume flow of finely dispersed droplets in the range of droplet diameters from 30 to 150 microns with a water supply pressure of not more than 1 MPa.

However, a sprayer of this design does not allow to achieve a given distribution of flows of fine droplets on the irrigation surface of the required area without increasing the flow rate of the liquid. This is due to the fact that the droplet flows generated by most of the holes are oriented in the horizontal direction and have a symmetrical distribution relative to the horizontal plane at the outlet of the nozzle.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of fine atomization of a liquid.

This is achieved by the fact that in a pneumatic nozzle with a two-phase flow of sprayed liquid containing a hollow body with a nozzle and a central core, the body is made with a channel for supplying liquid and contains a coaxial sleeve rigidly connected to it, with a nozzle fixed in its lower part, made in in the form of a cylindrical two-stage sleeve, the upper cylindrical step of which is connected by means of a threaded connection with a central core having a central hole and coaxial with it and installed with an annular gap rum relative to the inner surface of the cylindrical sleeve, while the annular gap is connected with at least three radial channels made in a two-stage sleeve, connecting it to the annular cavity formed by the inner surface of the sleeve and the outer surface of the upper cylindrical step, the annular cavity is connected with the channel of the housing for supplying fluid to the central core, to the lower part of which the atomizer is rigidly attached, made in the form of a perforated tube with a stopper at the bottom in the form of a circle a hollow plate, and in the central core, in its middle part, a groove is made, which together with the annular gap between the nozzle and the central core forms a pocket, which is connected through a partition with an additional annular gap, the liquid from which flows in film mode to the inner surface of the continuous diffuser while forming a two-phase stream of atomized liquid divided by a partition, and a cylindrical shell is coaxially attached to the diffuser, a cut of which lies in the plane of the round plate aspylitelya.

The drawing shows a structural diagram of the nozzle.

The pneumatic nozzle with a two-phase flow of sprayed liquid contains a cylindrical hollow body 1 with a channel 3 for supplying fluid and a coaxial sleeve 2 rigidly connected to the body with a nozzle fixed in its lower part, made in the form of a cylindrical two-stage sleeve 4, the upper cylindrical stage 6 of which is connected by threaded connection with a central core 7 coaxial with it, having a central hole 9, and installed with an annular gap 10 relative to the inner surface of the cylindrical sleeve ki 4. Through the Central hole 9 of the Central core 7 is supplied under pressure gas or air.

The annular gap 10 is connected with at least three radial channels 5, made in a two-stage sleeve 4, connecting it with an annular cavity 8 formed by the inner surface of the sleeve 2 and the outer surface of the upper cylindrical stage 6, and the annular cavity 8 is connected with the channel 3 of the housing 1 for fluid supply. An atomizer 12 made in the form of a perforated tube with a stopper in the form of a round plate 13 is rigidly attached to the central core 7, in its lower part, and to the central core 7, which is rigidly connected to the upper cylindrical step 6 of the two-stage nozzle sleeve 4, an external solid is coaxially attached a conical diffuser 15 formed by the surface of the truncated cone, while the upper base of the truncated cone is located below the output section of the annular gap 10 and does not overlap it. In the central core 7, in its middle part, a groove is made, which together with the annular gap 10 between the nozzle and the central core 7 forms a pocket 11, which is connected through a partition 17 with an additional annular gap 16, the liquid from which flows in film mode to the inner surface a continuous diffuser 15, thus forming a two-phase stream of atomized liquid divided by a partition 17.

A cylindrical shell 14 is coaxially attached to the diffuser 15, a slice of which lies in the plane of the circular plate 13 of the atomizer 12.

Pneumatic nozzle with a two-phase flow of sprayed liquid works as follows.

Gas (air) enters the cavity of the central hole 9 of the central core 7 under pressure, which then enters the perforated atomizer 12.

Liquid under pressure is fed into the cavity of the nozzle body 1 and then flows in two directions: first, into the annular cavity 8 through radial channels 5, then into the annular gap 10 between the nozzle and the central core 7. At inlet pressures of more than 0.2 MPa, the liquid accelerates with the formation of a film of liquid that does not come off its outer surface. As a result, on the outer surface of the continuous diffuser 15 there will be a film-like character of liquid atomization (motion) close to its laminar regime, and a fine liquid flow close to the turbulent mode of its motion due to the collision of the liquid and gas flows will be formed inside the continuous diffuser 15 moving along the perforated tube 12. At the exit from the continuous external diffuser 15, an even finer dispersed flow of the sprayed liquid will be formed due to the interaction of the flows with the laminar and t rbulentnym modes of fluid motion and gas.

The presence of gas inclusions in a liquid additionally perturbs its surface, which leads to wave formation and volumetric crushing of the liquid film.

The nozzle can be used in various fields of technology where it is required to create atomized fluid flows. In addition, the nozzle can be used in various technological processes, in which it is required to ensure high efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes when spraying liquids.

Claims (1)

A pneumatic nozzle with a two-phase stream of sprayed liquid, containing a hollow body with a nozzle and a central core, the body is made with a channel for supplying liquid and contains a coaxial sleeve rigidly connected to it, with a nozzle fixed in its lower part, made in the form of a cylindrical two-stage sleeve, the upper the cylindrical step of which is connected by means of a threaded connection with a central core coaxial with it, having a central hole, and installed with an annular gap relative to the inner the surface of the cylindrical sleeve, while the annular gap is connected with at least three radial channels made in a two-stage sleeve, connecting it to the annular cavity formed by the inner surface of the sleeve and the outer surface of the upper cylindrical step, characterized in that the annular cavity is connected with a housing channel for supplying fluid to the central core, to the lower part of which the atomizer is rigidly attached, made in the form of a perforated tube with a stopper at the bottom in the form of a round lining, and in the central core, in its middle part, a groove is made, which together with the annular gap between the nozzle and the central core forms a pocket, which is connected through the partition with an additional annular gap, the liquid from which flows in film mode to the inner surface of the continuous diffuser, forming a biphasic stream of sprayed liquid separated by a partition, and a cylindrical shell is coaxially attached to the diffuser, a cut of which lies in the plane of the round spray plate rer.

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