RU2657527C2 - Conveyors automated control complex - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: control systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to software control systems for conveyors. Conveyors automated control complex contains a control panel and the control units connected by a three-wire line. Control panel and control units have an indicating device, an information processing device, devices for controlling the audible alarm, a control device, toggle switches, buttons and a power supply. Additionally control units contain devices with with access to the clamps for connecting the control device of the emergency shutdown line, for connecting the emergency line monitoring device, devices for monitoring security elements on the conveyor drive head, device for monitoring the equipment operation, local control devices, control unit of the transfer device, magnetic starter control devices, decoupling devices for speed sensors. Power supplies of the console and control units are made according to one circuit diagram and contain the first and second intrinsically safe power supplies. Conveyors automated control complex has an additional system of tele-signaling for information exchange between the control panel and control units.

EFFECT: technical result of the invention consists in increasing the reliability of the conveyors automated control complex.

12 cl, 18 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the safe use of electricity in coal mines, as well as in explosive rooms, the atmosphere of which may contain combustible gases and vapors having explosive properties in a mixture with air.

The device is intended for the automated control of mine machines and mechanisms, mainly single conveyors or conveyors that are part of unbranched or branched conveyor lines, and is intended to disable the control object in case of violations of operating modes.

The well-known “Digital Autonomous Universal Controller TsAUK-2M” (Operation and Maintenance Manual EK.725.670.2 OM), which can be used for automated control of conveyors and conveyor lines, but it has not found wide application for use in the automation of underground conveyor lines , especially in mines of small and medium capacity, for the following reasons:

- for commissioning, debugging and maintenance, service personnel are required not lower than with secondary technical education, and the use of special tools, including a personal computer, which must be equipped with an RS-485 interface or an RS-232 interface converter (converter) <-> RS-485 (see technical documentation);

- a relatively complex circuit of external connections, requiring additional cores and even additional cables;

- the system does not allow to control the line from the loading point (from under the lava);

- to reduce the number of working conveyors in a line from the control panel, you must first stop the entire line, and then only start a smaller number of conveyors, which negatively affects the mechanical and electrical systems of conveyors.

Approximately the same disadvantages are possessed by the ASUK-DEP multifunctional conveyor control system and the automated control system of AUK.3 conveyors.

For this reason, for the automatic control of underground conveyor lines, the equipment of the Dnepropetrovsk mine automation plant AUK.1M, which is currently produced by some enterprises of the Russian Federation and used in Russian mines, is used to a significant extent.

The closest technical solution, in terms of the set of features and the achieved result, is the Automated Conveyor Control Complex AUK.1M, manufactured by Dnepropetrovsk Mine Automation Plant OJSC, containing a control panel and control units connected by a three-wire line, the first wire together with the common wire is the control line, and the other wire together with the common wire is the alarm line, to which the chain of diode connected in series is connected to the control panel and the contact of the “Signal” button, and in all control units also - similar chains from the diode and the “Signal” button; the control panel and control units have an indicating device, an information processing device, devices for controlling an audible alarm, a device control device (control panel or control unit), toggle switches, buttons and a power supply unit with several AC and DC voltage sources; the first wire of the control line of the console is connected to the first terminal of the first intrinsically safe power source through the relay contact, the common wire is connected to the second terminal of the first intrinsically safe power source and to the second terminal of the second intrinsically safe power source using the contacts of the Stop button, and the first terminal of the second intrinsically safe source power is connected to another wire of the alarm line of the control panel; in each control unit, another wire of the alarm line 6 passes in transit, the contact of the Stop button is included in the gap of the common wire, and the contact of the speed relay is in the gap of the first wire of the control line; control units additionally contain devices with output to the clamps for connecting external equipment, such as a device for monitoring the emergency shutdown line, a device for monitoring protective elements on the drive head of the conveyor, a device for monitoring the operation of the equipment, a device for local control of the device (control panel or control unit), control unit of the reloading device, the control device of the magnetic starter, the number of which is equal to the number of starters, devices necessary for operation decoupling for velocity sensors.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are:

- as isolation elements between different intrinsically safe and between intrinsically safe and intrinsically hazardous circuits, mainly electromagnetic relays with high inductance and open contacts are used, which significantly reduces their reliability and increases the likelihood of the complex working with gross violations of safety rules, which are also possible when exiting building transistors and other electronic elements;

- ineffectively, and to a limited extent, the principle of “protective failure” is used, which consists in the fact that the failure of the elements, or extraneous interference, should only lead to the disconnection and impossibility of turning on the control object;

- the complex provides an indication of the status of only external devices (speed sensor, emergency shutdown line, overload monitoring device, etc.), but there is practically no indication of the emergency state of internal components, which makes it difficult to find the cause of failures and significantly increases the time for their elimination and downtime of the control object;

- to change the operating modes of the apparatus, different combinations of toggle switches, buttons are used, variable resistors without graduation are used to change the time delays, which, in the complete absence of indication, forces the staff to first set some modes and time delays on the surface, and then correct them in the mine by test inclusions;

- there is no fixation, at least for a short time, and an indication of the cause of the emergency shutdown (except for monitoring the loss of speed) for a short duration of the cause of the emergency shutdown, which forces maintenance personnel to identify the cause of the failure by the "trial and error" method, repeatedly turning on the conveyor, or changing blocks;

- in order to disable one or more of the last working conveyors in the line, you must first disconnect the entire conveyor line, and then start only the required number of conveyors;

- there is no possibility of using the complex, without radical changes in the hardware, for controlling belt conveyors with slip control and double-chain scraper conveyors;

- there is no possibility of statistical accounting and issuing to indicate the total operating time of the conveyors, the number and cause of emergency shutdowns, which makes it difficult to organize effective maintenance of the mechanical part of the conveyor, electrical devices and automation equipment;

- the complex does not provide for the issuance of information on the condition of the conveyor line to the control room, only information on the fact of the operation of the conveyors is possible, which requires the installation of additional wires to the control point of each conveyor.

The technical problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the reliability and safety of operation, unification, expansion of functionality, simplification of the process of commissioning, maintenance and repair.

To solve this problem, the power supply units of the control panel and control units are made according to one circuit with the same design and contain the first and second intrinsically safe power supplies with alternating voltages at the outputs, the first and second intrinsically safe sources of constant voltage, one of which is designed to power the processing device information and other devices inside the device (control panel or control unit), and the other to power an autonomous telephone system and; in addition, the power supply unit includes a device for controlling an audible alarm, and an electromagnetic relay control device; in the control panel, the common wire of the control line and the signaling line is connected by means of a half-period control device to the first output of the first intrinsically safe power source, by means of a second half-period control device of a different polarity, connected to the first wire of the control line, by means of a source control device, with an additional output of the first intrinsically safe power supply, using the third and fourth half-period control devices connected in parallel with the second output of the second spark pretensioners power source and the second source via the control device connected to the additional terminal of the second intrinsically safe power supply; in the control unit: between the common wire of the control line and the alarm line at the input of the unit and the other wire of the alarm line, the fifth and sixth half-period control devices are connected in parallel, the common wire of the control line and the signal line at the output of the unit is connected to the first wire of the control line at the input of the unit when using the seventh half-period monitoring device, and connected to the first wire of the control line at the output of the unit using the eighth half-period monitoring device; the emergency shutdown line monitoring device is connected to the second intrinsically safe power supply through another stop button contact, and the protective elements monitoring device and equipment operation monitoring device are connected to the first intrinsically safe power supply through additional resistors; as the information processing device of the remote control and the control unit, a microcontroller is used, which is connected to external and internal devices and units using isolation elements made using optoelectronic devices; the display device is a digital indicator or LCD display and a block of several LEDs connected directly, or using a decoder, to the microcontroller of the information processing device or to another microcontroller associated with the microcontroller of the information processing device; toggle switches and buttons are connected directly, or through isolation devices, to the microcontroller of the information processing device or to another microcontroller; the automated control system of conveyors has an additional tele-alarm system for exchanging information between the control panel and control units via a control line and an alarm line, which includes the first and second information transmitters and an information receiver connected in parallel between the first output of the first intrinsically safe power source and the common wire control line and alarm line, which is also connected to the first output of a similar set of elements from parallel flax connected third and fourth transmitter information and the second information receiver, the second terminal of this set is connected to the other wire signaling line; in each control unit: between the input of the first wire of the control line and the output of the common wire of the control line and the alarm line, the fifth information transmitter and the third information receiver are connected in parallel, and between the other wire of the signal line and the input of the common wire of the control line and signaling lines are connected in parallel to a sixth information transmitter and a fourth information receiver.

The control panel additionally has a device for interfacing with the main line with output to the clamps (4G, 5G, 6G), which make it possible to connect the control panel of the conveyor branch line to the control line and signaling of the main line; between the first 4G terminal and the 5G common terminal, the ninth and tenth half-period monitoring devices, a seventh information transmitter and a fifth information receiver are connected in parallel; between the common terminal 5G and the second terminal 6G there are connected in parallel the eleventh and twelfth half-period monitoring device, the eighth information transmitter, the sixth information receiver and another chain of the second contact of the Signal button and the second diode connected in series.

In the power supply, the first and second intrinsically safe power sources are identical and each of them contains the first and second AC input wires, and the second wire is also the second terminal of the intrinsically safe power source, the first, second and third resistors, the third and fourth diodes, the first and the second transistors, a bi-directional (two-anode) zener diode, a capacitor, and the first resistor, the third and fourth diodes of different polarity, the second conclusions to of which are connected to the collectors of the first and second transistors of different types of conductivity, the second output of the first resistor is connected to the bases of the first and second transistors and to the first output of a bi-directional zener diode, the second output of which is connected to the second output of the intrinsically safe power source, where the capacitor is connected, the second output of which is connected to emitters of the first and second transistors and with the second and third resistors; the second terminal of the second resistor is the first output of an intrinsically safe power source, and the second terminal of the third resistor is an additional output of this intrinsically safe power source; the first and second intrinsically safe sources of constant voltage are identical and each of them contains the first and second wires of an additional alternating voltage, which is connected to the input of the diode bridge, to the output of which is connected a chain of serially connected zener diodes and a fourth resistor, in parallel with which a collector is connected - the base junction of the third transistor whose emitter, using a chain of series-connected fifth diode and second capacitor, is connected to a common connection point bilitron and the output of the diode bridge, which is the negative output of an intrinsically safe source of constant voltage, the positive output of this source using the fifth resistor is connected to the output of the voltage stabilization element, the input of which is connected in parallel with the second capacitor, and the third capacitor is connected in parallel with its output.

A device for controlling an audible alarm, which is part of a power supply unit, contains first, second and third transistor optocouplers, an optocoupler with a triac output and a thyristor, which are connected in a certain way to the first and second wire of the voltage supplying the device (control panel or control unit), and the input the first transistor optocoupler is connected between the first and second wires of the voltage supplying the apparatus using a sixth resistor and a sixth diode connected in series, and the input of the second transistor optocoupler using a seventh resistor and a seventh diode connected in series, it is connected between the first wire of the voltage supplying the apparatus and the first output wire of the triac optocoupler, which is also the output for switching on the sound emitter, the second wire of the triac output optocoupler is connected to the second wire of the voltage supplying device, emitters of transistor optocouplers and the cathode of the LED of the triac optocoupler is connected together and connected to the minus of the microcontroller's power source, and the collectors of these optocouplers connected to the corresponding inputs of this microcontroller, the anode of the LED of the triac optocoupler is connected to the cathode of the LED of the third transistor optocoupler, and the anode of this LED is connected to the corresponding output of the microcontroller, the anode and cathode of the thyristor are connected to the control circuit of another device for connecting additional sound emitters N1, N2 ... Nn, and, in addition, a chain of series-connected collector-emitter junction of the third transistor optocoupler, the eighth resistor, the eighth diode is connected and the control transition of the thyristor (parallel to which the eleventh resistor is connected); the electromagnetic relay control device contains an electromagnetic relay, the winding of which is shunted by the second zener diode, and its contact in the control panel kit is used as an operation relay and in the control unit kit as a speed control relay, a second thyristor, a fourth transistor optocoupler, and the windings connected in series the electromagnetic relay, the ninth resistor and the main circuit of the second thyristor are connected between the first and second wires of the voltage supplying the device, the connection point the ninth resistor and the anode of the second thyristor is connected to the first wire of the voltage supplying the apparatus in series with the fourth capacitor and the tenth resistor, the first wire of the voltage supplying device is connected to the second wire using an additional chain of the eleventh resistor in series, the ninth diode, the emitter is the collector junction of the fourth transistor optocoupler , twelfth resistor, the common point of the ninth diode and emitter of the fourth transistor optocoupler is connected to vlyayuschim terminal of the second thyristor via a fifth capacitor, a fourth photocoupler input is connected to the corresponding output information processing unit of the microcontroller.

The local control device of the device contains a transistor optocoupler for activating the Stop button, a transistor optocoupler for activating the Start button, a transistor optocoupler for monitoring the state of the Stop button, a transistor optocoupler for monitoring the status of the Start button, the common wire of the control circuits is connected via the opening contact of the Stop button to the second terminal of the second intrinsically safe power source, Stop button control wire and Start button control wire connected to auxiliary terminal of the second intrinsically safe source power supply using additional resistors, between the wire of the control button of the Stop button and the common wire of the control circuit is connected the tenth diode connected in series with the opening contact of the Stop button of the additional (remote) control post, between the same wires and a chain of series-connected thirteenth and fourteenth resistors is connected , the input circuit of the transistor optocoupler for monitoring the state of the Stop button and the output circuit of the transistor optocoupler for activating the Stop button, other circuits of these optocouplers in (the output circuit of one and the input circuit of the other) are connected to the microcontroller of the information processing unit, the common point of the thirteenth and fourteenth resistors is additionally connected to the common wire of the control circuits using the sixth capacitor; between the wire of the control circuit of the Start button and the common wire of the control circuits, the twelfth diode is connected in series with the closing contact of the Start button located inside the device (control panel or control unit), or the twelfth diode connected in series with the closing contact of the Start button of an additional (remote) control station , between the same wires connected a chain of series-connected fifteenth and sixteenth resistors, the output circuit of the transistor optocoupler monitoring The Start button and the input circuit of the transistor optocoupler activate the Start button, the other circuits of these optocouplers (the output circuit of one and the input circuit of the other) are connected to the microcontroller of the information processing unit, the common point of the fifteenth and sixteenth resistors is additionally connected to the common wire of the control circuits using the seventh capacitor.

The control device of the magnetic starter contains a fifth transistor optocoupler, the output of which is connected to the microcontroller of the information processing device, and the input is connected between the first and second wires of the control circuit of the magnetic starter via a seventeenth resistor and the fourteenth diode connected in series, between the first and second wires of the control circuit of the magnetic starter the circuit of the third thyristor, the anode of which is connected to its control electrode in series with the fifteenth diode, in of the eighteenth resistor and the eighth capacitor, the common point of connection of the eighteenth resistor and the eighth capacitor is connected to the second wire of the control circuit of the magnetic starter using the nineteenth resistor in series and the output of the fifth transistor optocoupler, the input of which is connected to the corresponding output of the microcontroller of the information processing device.

The control unit of the reloading device connected to the overload control device using the first clamp to connect the electrode DE sensor, the second clamp, to connect the security ring OK and the third clamp, to connect the body of the transfer chute, consists of a sixth transistor optocoupler, the output of which is connected to the corresponding the input of the microcontroller of the information processing device, and the input is connected between the first and second terminals of the additional AC voltage source using the third kidney of series-connected sixth input transistor of the optocoupler, the diode of the sixteenth, twentieth and twenty-first resistors seventeenth diode; the second output of an additional source of alternating voltage is connected to the guard ring OK of the overload control device using a twenty-second resistor through the second clamp, the electrode electrode DE of the same device is connected to the common point of the twentieth and twenty-first resistors through the first clamp; if it is necessary to control the integrity of the wires connecting the overload control device to the control unit of the overload device in it, a seventh transistor optocoupler is additionally provided, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device, and one input terminal is connected to the first terminal, and the second input terminal is connected to the second output of an additional source of alternating voltage through a twenty-third resistor and an eighteenth diode connected in series to the device ystve overload control between the sensor electrode DE and the casing tray handling control diode connected.

In parallel with the emergency shutdown line monitoring device, a seventh information receiver is connected in the control unit, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device, and at the loading point of a single conveyor or conveyor line it is possible, if necessary, to install an end control panel of the control unit, the main element of which is an individual information transmitter, including the fourth thyristor, the main circuit of which is connected in parallel with the first and second wire m parallel to the control transition shunted by the twenty-fourth resistor of the fourth thyristor, the collector-emitter junction of the fourth transistor is connected, the collector of which is connected to the anode of the fourth thyristor through a twenty-fifth resistor and an eighteenth diode connected in series, and the transistor base is connected to its emitter in parallel to the twenty-sixth a resistor and a nineteenth diode, and to the anode of the fourth thyristor - through a series-connected ninth capacitor and d the twenty-sixth resistor; in addition, the KPU end control panel contains other Stop, Start and Signal buttons with which the first and second exposure wires are connected at the end of the emergency shutdown line, when controlling a single conveyor, or to the signal line of the last conveyor N of the conveyor line.

The information transmitter contains an eighth transistor optocoupler, the input of which through the twenty-seventh resistor is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device, and the output is connected in series to the control circuit of the fifth thyristor, including the twenty-eighth resistor connected to the anode, the thirteenth diode, and the eighth transistor output an optocoupler controlling the transition of the fifth thyristor, shunted by the twenty-ninth resistor, the anode of the fifth thyristor connected to the first wire, and the cathode to second wire alternating voltage line for information exchange, which must provide a signal by short-decreasing part halftime for issuing a coded signal line, or the entire half period for issuing a label line.

The device for monitoring the emergency shutdown line, the device for monitoring the protective elements, the device for monitoring the operation of the equipment are similar and each contains a second transistor optocoupler with an AC input, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device, a thirty-second resistor is connected between the input terminals of this optocoupler , one input terminal of this optocoupler is connected to the first terminal of the controlled circuit using a thirty-second resistor, and the other input terminal of the optocoupler oedinen a second controlled clamp circuit through the third zener diode.

Half-period control devices contain a ninth transistor optocoupler, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device, a thirty-third resistor is connected between the input terminals, one input terminal of this optocoupler is connected to one wire through a thirty-fourth resistor and a fourteenth diode connected in series, the second optocoupler terminal is connected through the fourth zener diode to another wire of the AC line.

The analysis of the prior art by the applicant made it possible to establish that there are no analogues that are characterized by sets of features identical to all the features of the claimed complex of automated control of conveyors. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the patentability criterion of "novelty." The search results for known solutions in this and related fields of technology in order to identify features that match the distinctive features of the prototype features showed that they do not follow explicitly from the prior art. Not also revealed the fame of the proposed significant features on the achievement of the specified technical result. Therefore, the present invention meets the condition of patentability "inventive step".

In FIG. 1 shows a connection diagram of a control panel with control units of an unbranched conveyor line.

In FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a control panel.

In FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a control unit.

In FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a first (and second) intrinsically safe power source.

In FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a first (and second) intrinsically safe DC voltage source.

In FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a device for controlling an audible alarm and an electromagnetic relay control device.

In FIG. 7 shows the voltage forms in the control line of the complex and in the emergency shutdown line:

A - in standby mode,

B - transfer of permission for the operation of conveyor No. 1 from the control panel,

With - the transfer of information about the successful launch of the first conveyor from the control unit to the console, and permission from the control panel to operate the first and second conveyor,

E - voltage form in the emergency shutdown line of the conveyor,

F - command transmission via the emergency shutdown line to start a single conveyor from the place of its loading (“from the tail” of the conveyor).

In FIG. Figure 8 shows the voltage forms in the signaling line of the complex:

K - in standby mode,

L - transmission of the code signal from the remote control or from the control units,

M - transmission of a warning signal from the control panel or command to start the conveyor line from the loading point (“from the tail” of the control line),

N - signal transmission about the emergency state of the third conveyor (for the negative half-period No. 3 after the label) and the reasons for the emergency shutdown (for the negative half-period No. 25).

In FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a device for local control of the apparatus (control panel or control unit).

In FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic starter control device.

In FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a control unit of a reloading device.

In FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of the connection of the end control panel of the CPU when controlling a single conveyor from the loading point (“from the tail” of the conveyor).

In FIG. 13 shows a schematic diagram of the connection of the KPU end control panel at the loading point of the conveyor line.

In FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an information transmitter.

In FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a line information receiver.

In FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an emergency shutdown line monitoring device, protective element monitoring device, equipment operation monitoring device.

In FIG. 17 shows a schematic diagram of a half-period monitoring device.

In FIG. 18 shows an arrangement of control panels and control units for a branched conveyor line.

The automated control system for conveyors contains a control panel 1 (see Fig. 1, Fig 2) and control units 2, 3, ... N (see Fig. 1, Fig. 3), interconnected by a three-wire line (4, 5 , 6 at the output of the control panel and at the inputs of each control unit and 7, 8, 6 at the output of each control unit), the first wire 4 together with the common wire 5 make up the control line, and the other wire 6 together with the common wire 5 - signal line to which in the control panel 1 is connected a chain of series-connected diode 9 and the button contact ki "Signal" 10, and in all control units 2, 3 ... N - similar chains from diode 300 and buttons "Signal" 301; the control panel 1 and control units 2, 3 ... N have (see FIG. 2, FIG. 3) an indication device 11, an information processing device 12, devices for controlling an audible alarm 13, a device control device 14 (control panel 1 or control unit 2, 3 ... N), toggle switches 15-18, buttons 19-22 and a power supply 23 with several AC and DC voltage sources; the first wire of the control line (terminal 4) of the console 1 (see Fig. 1, FIG. 2) is connected to the first terminal 24 of the first intrinsically safe power source 25 through terminal 26 of the on-off relay, the common wire (terminal 5) is connected to the second terminal 27 of the first intrinsically safe source power 25 and with the second terminal 28 of the second intrinsically safe power source 29 using the contacts 30, 31 of the Stop button, and the first terminal 32 of the second intrinsically safe power source 29 is connected to another wire (terminal 6) of the signal line of the control panel 1; in each control unit 2, 3, ... N (see Fig. 1, Fig. 3) another wire of the signaling line 6 passes in transit, contact 33 of the Stop button is included in the gap of the common wire 5, and 4 control lines are in the gap of the first wire - contact of the speed relay 34; control units 2, 3, ... N additionally contain devices with output to the clamps for connecting external equipment, such as a control device for the emergency shutdown line 35, a control device for protective elements 36 on the drive head of the conveyor, a device for monitoring the operation of the equipment 37, a device local control device 14 (control panel 1 or control unit 2, 3, ... N), control unit for reloading device 38, control device for magnetic starter 39, 40, the number of which is equal to the quantity required for operation wu starters, isolation devices for speed sensors 41, 42.

The power supplies 23 of the control panel 1 and the control units 2, 3, ... N are made according to the same circuit diagram with the same design and contain the first 25 and second 29 intrinsically safe power supplies with alternating voltages at the outputs (24, 27 and 32, 28), the first 43 and 44, intrinsically safe DC voltage sources, one of which is designed to power the information processing device 12 and other devices inside the device (control panel 1 or control unit 2, 3, ... N), and the other to power an autonomous telephone system with ligature 45; in addition, the power supply 23 includes a device for controlling an audible alarm 13, and an electromagnetic relay control device 47; in the control panel (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2), the common wire 5 of the control line and the alarm line is connected using the half-cycle monitoring device 48 to the first terminal 24 of the first intrinsically safe power supply 25, using the second half-cycle monitoring device 49, of a different polarity, connected to the first wire of the control line 4, using a source control device 50 - with an additional terminal 51 of the first intrinsically safe power supply 25, using the third and fourth 52 and the fourth 53 half-period control devices counterclockwise - with the first terminal 32 of the second intrinsically safe power source 29, and using the second source control device 54 connected to an additional terminal 55 of the second intrinsically safe power source 29; in the control unit (see Fig. 1, Fig. 3): between the common wire 5 of the control line and the alarm line at the input of the unit and the other wire of the alarm line 6, the fifth 56 and sixth 57 of the half-period control device are connected in parallel, the common wire of the control line and an alarm line 8 at the output of the unit is connected to the first wire of the control line 4 at the input of the unit using the seventh half-period monitoring device 58, and is connected to the first wire of the control line at the output of the unit 7 using the eighth half-period monitoring device 59; the emergency shutdown line monitoring device 35 is connected to the second intrinsically safe power supply 29 through another stop button contact 154, and the protective element monitoring device 36 and the equipment operation monitoring device 37 are connected to the first intrinsically safe power supply 25 through additional resistors 285, 286; as the information processing device 12 of the control panel 1 and the control unit 2, 3, ... N, a microcontroller is used, which is connected to external and internal devices and units using isolation elements made using optoelectronic devices; the indicating device 11 is a digital indicator or an LCD display and a block of several LEDs 304, connected directly, or using a decoder, to the microcontroller of the information processing device 12 or to another microcontroller 60 connected to the microcontroller of the information processing device 12; the toggle switches 15-18 and buttons 19-21 are connected directly, or through isolation devices 61-68, to the microcontroller of the information processing device 12 or to another microcontroller 60; the automated conveyor control system has an additional tele-alarm system for exchanging information between the control panel 1 and control units 2, 3 ... N along the control line (wires 4, 5) and the alarm line (wires 5, 6), which enter the control panel 1 in parallel the first 69 and second 70 information transmitters and an information receiver 71 connected between the first terminal 24 of the first intrinsically safe power source 25 and the common wire 5 of the control line and the alarm line, to which the first output of a similar set of elements from parallel connected third 72 and fourth 73 information transmitters and second 74 information receivers, the second output of this set is connected to another wire 6 of the signaling line; in each control unit (2, 3, ... N): between the input of the first wire of the control line 4 and the output of the common wire of the control line and signal line 8, the fifth information transmitter 75 and the third information receiver 76 are connected in parallel, and between the other the wire of the alarm line 6 and the input to the common wire unit 5 of the control line and the alarm line are connected in parallel to the sixth information transmitter 77 and the fourth information receiver 78.

The control panel 1 has, in addition, a device for interfacing with the main line (see Fig. 2) with an output of 3 clamps (4G, 5G, 6G), which make it possible to connect the control panel of the branch line to the control line and signaling of the main line (4, 5, 6); between the first 4G terminal and the common 5G terminal, a ninth 81 and a tenth 82 half-period monitoring device, a seventh information transmitter 83 and a fifth information receiver 84 are connected in parallel; between the common terminal 5G and the second terminal 6G there are connected in parallel the eleventh 85 and twelfth 86 half-period monitoring device, the eighth information transmitter 87, the sixth information receiver 88 and another chain of the second contact of the Signal button 89 and the second diode 90 connected in series.

In the power supply 23 (see Fig. 1, 2, 3), the first 25 and second 29 intrinsically safe power supplies are identical and each of them contains (see Fig. 4) the first 91 (101) and second 27 (28) AC input wire voltage, and the second wire 27 (28) is also the second terminal 27 (28) of an intrinsically safe power supply 25 (29), the first 92, second 93 and third 94 resistors, third 95 and fourth 96 diodes, first 97 and second 98 transistors , a bi-directional (two-anode) zener diode 99, a capacitor 100, and the first p resistor 92, third 95 and fourth 96 diodes of different polarity, the second terminals of which are connected to the collectors of the first 97 and second 98 transistors of different conductivity types, the second terminal of the first resistor 92 is connected to the bases of the first 97 and second 98 transistors and to the first terminal of a bi-directional zener diode 99, the second terminal of which is connected to the second terminal 27 (28) of the intrinsically safe power supply 25 (29) where the capacitor 100 is connected, the second terminal of which is connected to the emitters of the first 97 and second 98 transistors and with the second 93 and third 94 resistors orami; the second output of the second resistor 93 is the first output 24 (32) of the intrinsically safe power supply 25 (29), and the second output of the third resistor 94 is the additional output 51 (55) of this intrinsically safe power supply; the first 43 and second 44 intrinsically safe DC voltage sources are identical and each of them contains (see Fig. 5) the first 102 (103) and second 104 (105) additional AC voltage wires that are connected to the input of the diode bridge 106, to the output of which a chain of series-connected zener diode 107 and a fourth resistor 108, in parallel with which a collector is connected — the base transition of the third transistor 109, the emitter of which, using a chain of series-connected fifth diode 110 and a second capacitor 111, is connected to the common connection point of the zener diode 107 and the output of the diode bridge 106, which is the negative output 112 (113) of the intrinsically safe DC voltage source 43 (44), the positive terminal 114 (115) of this source is connected to the output of the voltage stabilization element 117 via the fifth resistor 116 the input of which is connected in parallel with the second capacitor 111, and the third capacitor 118 (119) is connected in parallel with its output.

The device for controlling the audible alarm 13, which is part of the power supply 23, contains (see Fig. 6) the first 120, second 121 and third 122 transistor optocouplers, an optocoupler with a triac output 123 and thyristor 124, which are connected in a certain way to the first 125 and second 126 to the wire supplying the voltage apparatus (control panel 1 or control unit 2, 3, ... N), and the input of the first transistor optocoupler 120 is connected between the first 125 and second 126 wires of the voltage supplying the apparatus using the sixth resistor 128 and six connected in series the first diode 127, and the input of the second transistor optocoupler 121 is connected in series with the seventh resistor 129 and the seventh diode 130 in series between the first wire of the voltage supply device 125 and the first output wire of the triac optocoupler 123, which is also the output for switching on the sound emitter 132 (see Fig. 2, Fig. 3), the second output wire of the triac optocoupler is connected to the second wire 126 of the voltage supplying the apparatus, the emitters of transistor optocouplers 120 and 121 and the cathode of the LED of the triac optocoupler 123 are connected together e and connected to the minus of the power supply of the microcontroller 12, and the collectors of these optocouplers are connected to the corresponding inputs of this microcontroller, the anode of the LED of the triac optocoupler 123 is connected to the cathode of the LED of the third transistor optocoupler 122, and the anode of this LED is connected to the corresponding output of the microcontroller, the anode and cathode of the thyristor 124 connected to the control circuit (terminals 136, 137) of another device 138 for connecting additional sound emitters N1, N2 ... Nn, and, in addition, a chain of sequentially connected the delayed collector-emitter junction of the third transistor optocoupler 122, the eighth resistor 139, the eighth diode 140, and the control transition of the thyristor 124 (parallel to which the eleventh resistor 141 is connected); the control device of the electromagnetic relay 47 contains an electromagnetic relay, the coil of which 142 is shunted by the second zener diode 143, and its contact in the set of the control panel 1 is used (see Fig. 1) as a relay 26 (conclusions 4,24) and in the set of the control unit 2 , 3, ... N - as a speed control relay 34 (terminals 4, 7), the second thyristor 144, the fourth transistor optocoupler 145, and the windings of the electromagnetic relay 142, the ninth resistor 146 and the main circuit of the second thyristor 144 are connected between the first 125 and second with 126 wires of the supply voltage apparatus, the connection point of the ninth resistor 146 and the anode of the second thyristor 144 is connected to the first wire 125 of the voltage supply unit in series with the fourth capacitor 147 and the tenth resistor 148, the first wire of the supply voltage apparatus 125 is connected to the second wire 126 using an additional chain from the eleventh resistor 149 connected in series, the ninth diode 150, the emitter is the collector junction of the fourth transistor optocoupler 145, the twelfth resistor 151, bschaya ninth point of the diode 150 and the emitter of the fourth transistor of the optocoupler 145 is coupled to a control terminal of the second thyristor 144 via the fifth capacitor 152, the fourth input of the optocoupler 145 is connected to the output 153 of the information processing unit of the microcontroller 12.

The local control device 14 contains (see Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 9) a transistor optocoupler 155 for activating the Stop button 31 (154), a transistor optocoupler 156 for activating the Start button 18 (173), a transistor optocoupler 157 for monitoring the status of the Stop button 31 (154), transistor optocoupler 158 for monitoring the state of the Start button 18 (173), the common wire of the control circuits (terminal 5 (242)) is connected via the opening contact of the Stop 31 (154) button to the second terminal 28 of the second 29 intrinsically safe power supply, wire Stop button control circuit (terminal 159) and control circuit wire to the Start button (terminal 160) is connected to the auxiliary terminal 55 of the second 29 intrinsically safe power supply using additional resistors 161, 162, between the wire of the control circuit of the Stop button 159 and the common wire of the control circuit 5 (242), the tenth diode 163 is connected in series with the open contact Stop buttons 164 of the additional (remote) control post 166, between the same wires 159 and 5 (242) a chain of thirteenth 167 and fourteenth 168 resistors is connected in series, the transistor optocoupler input circuit 157 monitoring the status of the Stop button 31 (154) and the output circuit of the transistor optocoupler 155 activating the Stop button 31 (154), other circuits of these optocouplers (output circuit 170 of one and input circuit 171 of the other) are connected to the microcontroller of information processing unit 12, common point of the thirteenth 167 and the fourteenth 168 resistors are additionally connected to a common wire of control circuits (terminal 5 (242)) using a sixth capacitor 169; between the wire of the control circuit of the Start button 160 and the common wire of the control circuits 5 (242), the twelfth diode 172 is connected in series with the closing contact of the Start button 18 located inside the device (control panel or control unit) or the twelfth diode 172 connected in series with the closing contact of the button Start 173 additional (remote) control post 166, between the same wires 160 and 5 (242) is connected a chain of fifteen 175 and sixteenth 174 resistors connected in series, the output circuit is transistor of the second optocoupler 158 for monitoring the state of the Start button (18 or 173) and the input circuit of the transistor optocoupler 156 for activating the Start button (18 or 173), other circuits of these optocouplers (output circuit 177 of one and input circuit 178 of the other) are connected to the microcontroller of the information processing unit 12, the common point of the fifteenth 175 and sixteenth 174 resistors is additionally connected to the common wire of the control circuits (terminal 5 (242)) using the seventh capacitor 179. (A resistor 180 is installed to stabilize the operation mode of the input of the microcontroller 12).

The control device of the magnetic starter 39 (or 40) (see Fig. 3, Fig. 10) contains a fifth transistor optocoupler 181, the output of which 190 (191) is connected to the microcontroller of the information processing device 12, and the input is connected between the first 182 (184) and the second 183 (185) wire of the control circuit of the magnetic starter 186 (187) through the seventeenth resistor 188 and the fourteenth diode 189 connected in series, between the first 182 (184) and the second 183 (185) wire of the control circuit of the magnetic starter 186 (187) the main circuit of the third thyristor 192, the anode of which is connected to its unit with an external electrode connected in series with the fifteenth diode 193, the eighteenth resistor 194 and the eighth capacitor 200, the common connection point of the eighteenth resistor 194 and the eighth capacitor 200 is connected to the second wire 183 (185) of the control circuit of the magnetic starter using the nineteenth resistor 195 in series and the output of the fifth transistor optocoupler 196, the input of which 197 (198) is connected to the corresponding output of the microcontroller of the information processing device 12 (resistors 248 and 249 are designed to create optimality modes fifth transistor of the optocoupler 196 and the information processing apparatus of the microcontroller 12).

The control unit of the reloading device 38, connected to the overload control device 201 using the first clamp 202, for connecting the electrode DE sensor, the second clamp 203, for connecting the OK guard ring and the third clamp 204, for connecting the body of the reloading tray 205, consists of (see Fig. 3, Fig. 11) of the sixth transistor optocoupler 206, the output of which 207 is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device 12, and the input is connected between the first 209 and second 210 outputs of the additional source voltage 211 using a third chain of series-connected inputs of the sixth transistor optocoupler 206, sixteenth diode 212, twentieth 213 and twenty first 214 resistors, seventeenth diode 215; the second output 210 of an additional AC voltage source 211 is connected to the guard ring OK of the overload control device 201 using a twenty-second resistor 224 through the second terminal 203, the electrode electrode DE of the same device 201 is connected to the common point of the twentieth 213 and twenty-first 214 resistors through the first terminal 202 ; if it is necessary to control the integrity of the wires connecting the overload control device 201 to the control unit of the overload device 38 in it, a seventh transistor optocoupler 217 is additionally provided, the output of which 218 is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device 12, and one input terminal is connected to the first terminal 202, and the second input terminal is connected to the second terminal 210 of an additional AC voltage source 211 through a twenty-third resistor 219 connected in series and eight tsaty diode 220, 201 in overdrive control device between the sensor electrode DE and the housing 205 connected reloading tray 221. The control diode (zener diodes 222, 223 and resistors 224, 225 are used to stabilize the mode of the sixth 206 and seventh 217 optocoupler transistor).

In parallel with the control device for the emergency shutdown line 35 (terminals 241, 242) in the control unit 2, 3, ... N, the seventh information receiver 226 is connected, the output of which 227 is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device 12 (see Fig. 3, Fig. 12 , Fig. 13), and in the place of loading a single conveyor or conveyor line, it is possible, if necessary, to install an end control panel of the CPU 228, the main element of which is an individual information transmitter 229, which includes a fourth thyristor 230, the main circuit to of which is connected in parallel to the first 231 and second 232 exposure wires, parallel to the control junction, shunted by the twenty-fourth resistor 233, of the fourth thyristor 230 is connected to the collector-emitter junction of the fourth transistor 234, the collector of which is connected to the anode of the fourth thyristor 230 through a twenty-fifth resistor 235 and eighteenth connected in series diode 236, and the base of the transistor 234 is connected to its emitter in parallel connected twenty-sixth resistor 237 and nineteenth diode 238, and to the anode even a thyristor 230 through a series-connected ninth capacitor 239 and a twenty-sixth resistor 240; in addition, the KPU end control panel 228 contains other Stop 243, Start 244, and Signal 245 buttons with which the first 231 and second 232 exposure wires are connected at the end of the emergency shutdown line when controlling a single conveyor (see Fig. 12), or to the line signaling 6, 8 of the last conveyor N of the conveyor line (see Fig. 13).

The information transmitter 69, 70, 72, 73, 75, 77, 83, 87 (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) contains (see Fig. 14) an eighth transistor optocoupler 250, the input of which through the twenty-seventh the resistor 251 is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device 12, and the output is connected in series to the control circuit of the fifth thyristor 252, including, connected to the anode, the twenty-eighth resistor 253, the thirteenth diode 254, the output of the eighth transistor optocoupler 250, the control transition of the fifth thyristor 252, shunted by the twenty-ninth resistor 255, By the way, the anode of the fifth thyristor 252 is connected to the first wire 256, and the cathode is connected to the second wire 257 of the AC voltage line, designed to exchange information, into which it is necessary to issue a signal by shorting the falling part of the half-period to output the encoded signal to the line, or the entire half-period for output to label line.

The information receiver from the line 71, 74, 76, 78, 84, 88, 226 (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) contains (see Fig. 15) a transistor optocoupler 258 with AC input, output which is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device 12, the thirtieth resistor 259 is connected between the input terminals, one optocoupler input terminal is connected to one wire 260 through the thirty-first resistor 261, the second optocoupler terminal 258 is connected through the tenth capacitor 263 to another AC line wire 262 voltage designed to exchange information . (Resistor 264 is installed to optimize the operation mode of the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device 12).

The device for monitoring the emergency shutdown line 35, the device for monitoring the protective elements 36, the device for monitoring the operation of the equipment 37 (see FIG. 16) are similar and each contains a second transistor optocoupler 265 with an alternating current input, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device 12, a thirty-second resistor 266 is connected between the input terminals of this optocoupler, one input terminal of this optocoupler is connected to the first terminal of the monitored circuit 241, (267, 268) using the thirty-second resistor 269, and the other input terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the second terminal of the monitored circuit 242 (270) through the third zener diode 271. (Resistor 272 to stabilize the inputs of the microcontroller).

The half-cycle control devices 48, 49, 52, 53, 56, 57, 58, 59, 81, 82, 85, 86 contain (see FIG. 17) a ninth transistor optocoupler 275, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device 12 , a thirty-third resistor 276 is connected between the input terminals, one optocoupler input terminal is connected to one wire 277 through a thirty-fourth resistor 280 and a fourteenth diode 279 connected in series, the second optocoupler terminal 275 is connected through the fourth zener diode 281 to another AC voltage wire 278.

The general principle of the automated conveyor control complex is as follows. Each unbranched conveyor line of up to 10 conveyors is controlled from a control panel located at the unloading site of the conveyor line, and a branched conveyor line consists of several unbranched conveyor lines (one main and up to 4 branches) (see Fig. 18).

The control panel organizes a three-wire communication line with the control units (see Fig. 1). The alarm line 5, 6 provides a two-way code alarm, a warning signal is transmitted before the line is launched, information is transmitted to the control panel about the number of the conveyor that has shut down and the reason for the shutdown (about the type of accident).

On the control line 4, 5, during start-up, information on the permission to start the next conveyor is transmitted from the control panel to the control units if information from the control unit of the previous conveyor on the successful start of the previous conveyor is received from the control unit of the previous conveyor.

In the case of a branched conveyor line, a permission to operate one or all of the branches is transmitted to the control panels of the branches, and information on the operation of each branch is received in response.

In order to understand the operation of the complex as a whole, first, a description of the operation of each device included in the set of the control panel and control unit is given.

The first 25 and second 29 intrinsically safe power source operates as follows (see Fig. 4). An alternating spark-hazardous voltage is supplied to the inputs 91, 27 for the first and 101, 28 for the second intrinsically safe power supply, and a stabilized alternating voltage of about 12 V is formed on the capacitor 120, the shape of which is shown in FIG. 7 graph “A”. Using a resistor 94, the source is intrinsically safe between the terminals 27, 51 for the first source or 28, 55 for the second source (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4), which are designed to monitor the health of the first and second intrinsically safe sources, and the resistor 93 ensures the intrinsic safety of the sources between the terminals 27, 24 for the first intrinsically safe source and 28, 32 for the second in the control panel, and in the control unit for powering the control device of the emergency shutdown line 35, the monitoring device of protective elements 36, equipment control devices 37.

The inputs 102, 104 for the first 43 and the inputs 103, 105 for the second 44 intrinsically safe source of constant voltage (see Fig. 5) are supplied with spark-hazardous alternating voltage (not shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3). Through the diode bridge 106, the rectified voltage is supplied to an amplitude limiter made on the transistor 109, the zener diode 107, and the resistor 108. The capacitor 112 is charged to a voltage below that acceptable for the stabilizing element 117, the output of which is connected to an electrolytic capacitor 118 and a non-polar capacitor 119 to suppress high-frequency interference. An intrinsically safe voltage is supplied through the limiting resistor 116 to the outputs 112, 114 for the first 43 and 113, 115 for the second 44 intrinsically safe source of constant voltage (see Fig. 2, Fig. 3).

A device for controlling an audible alarm 13 (see Fig. 6) works as follows. The transistor optocoupler 120 serves to control the presence of voltage on the control panel or on the control unit (signal 133), the transistor optocoupler 121 serves to control the inclusion of the triac optocoupler 123, and therefore the sound emitter 132 (see Fig. 2, Fig. 3) when a command 135 is received from the microcontroller 12 to turn on the sound emitter 132 and another device 138 ((for example, the AP-4 launch unit or others) for connecting additional sound emitters using a device whose main elements are transistor optocoupler 122 and thyristor 124, which, if necessary, turn on, shorts one half-period of additional device 138.

The control device of the electromagnetic relay 47 operates as follows (see Fig. 6, Fig. 2, Fig. 3). In the absence of a command 46 to turn on the relay 142, the thyristor 144 is closed all the time. The capacitor 147 is discharged, the capacitor 152 is charged with a positive potential at the terminal connected to the control electrode of the thyristor 144 through the circuit: terminal 126, resistor 138, capacitor 152. Diode 150, resistor 149, terminal 125. To turn on the relay 142, it is necessary to supply short pulses 46 from the microcontroller 12 each time at the terminal 125 with respect to the terminal 126, the amplitude of the positive voltage has not reached its maximum value, but is close to it.

Pulse 46 opens the thyristor 144 in a circuit: the output of the capacitor 152, the control transition of the thyristor 144, the resistor 151, the collector-emitter transition of the optocoupler transistor 145, the second output of the capacitor 152. The opening of the thyristor 144 provides a charge to the capacitor 147, which is a consequence of switching on the relay 142. In each the negative half-cycle capacitor 152 is charged on the previously indicated circuit. To ensure a protective failure when the resistor 138 is broken and a short circuit occurs in the capacitor 152 and the breakdown of the diode 150, the resistor value is selected so that the current through the control transition of the thyristors 144 in this emergency case, with a positive half-cycle, is less than the minimum switching current of this thyristor. The relay contact 142 in the control panel is used as an operation relay 26, and in the control unit as a speed relay 34 (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3).

The local control device 14 (see Fig. 9, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) for both the control panel and the control unit are made in the same way and work in exactly the same way, and control can only be done with Stop 31 buttons on the control panel or Stop 164 on the control unit and the Start button 18 on the control panel or on the control unit, when the diodes 162, 172 are connected, and only from the remote control post 165, when these diodes are installed in series with the Stop 163 and Start buttons 173 of this post.

The principle of operation of the part of the device serving the Stop button 31 (164), including transistor optocouplers 154, 157, the capacitor 169, resistors 161, 166, 167, 168, 178, completely coincides with the principle of operation of the part of the device serving the Start button 18, which includes transistor optocouplers 156, 158, capacitor 179, resistors 162, 174, 175, 176, 180. To control the buttons installed in the device, it is necessary to install diodes 162, 172 directly between the common terminal 5 (for the remote control) terminal 242 (for the control unit) and clamp 159, and between the common clamp 5 (242) and clamp 300 - diode 172.

To activate the Stop button 31 (164), it is necessary that pulses with a duration of several hundred microseconds are received at input 171 from the microcontroller 12, and only in this case, when the Stop button is closed, pulses of almost the same duration are received from the 170 output on the microcontroller 12, which are perceived by the microcontroller as working (closed) state of the Stop button. When the diode 162 circuit breaks, the capacitor 169 is discharged, there are no pulses at the output 170, which is perceived as an open Stop button. Impulses for activating the Stop button are always present if the device is in good condition and are absent if there is at least one violation in the operation of external or internal devices. Similarly, the part of the device that serves the Start button works. In this case, the signal of the closed state 177 of the Start button 18 appears only when the diode 172 circuit is in good condition, the Stop button 31 (164) and the Start button 18 are closed, if there are activation pulses 178 of the Start button.

The device operates similarly if the diodes 162, 172 are transferred to an additional push-button control station 165 and the start button circuit 173 connected to terminal 160.

The control device of the magnetic starter 39 or 40 (see Fig. 10, Fig. 3) works as follows. In the initial state, on terminals 182, 183 (for the first starter) and 184, 185 (for the second starter) there are alternating voltages of the control circuits of the magnetic starters. For the entire time of the negative half-cycle at terminal 182 (184) with respect to terminal 183 (185), a positive pulse 190 is issued from the output of the device to the microcontroller 12, but the command to turn on 197 (198) as a pulse with a duration of several hundred microseconds is fed to the input of the transistor optocoupler 196 every time after the end of pulse 190 (191), provided that there is no emergency in the control unit and there is permission to turn on this starter. In this case, the pulse to turn on the thyristor 192 comes at the beginning of a positive half-cycle at terminal 182 (184) with respect to terminal 183 (185), which leads to the turn on of thyristor 192 and to the shortening of positive half-cycles in the control circuit of the magnetic starter, and, consequently, to turn on this starter. To ensure a protective failure when the resistor 199 is broken and a short circuit occurs in the capacitor 200 and the breakdown of the diode 193, the value of the resistor 194 must be such that the current through the control transition of the thyristor 192, in this case, with a positive half-cycle at terminal 182 (184) is less turn-on current of this thyristor.

The control unit of the reloading device 38 9 see FIG. 11, FIG. 3) works as follows. If it is not necessary to monitor the integrity of the wires connecting the overload control device 201 to the control unit of the overload device 38, then this unit includes a transistor optocoupler 206, diodes 112, 215, a zener diode 223, resistors 225, 213, 216 and a variable resistor 214, which serves to set the threshold for operation. In the initial state, when the electrode electrode DE has no leakage to the ground, pulses with a duration approximately equal to the positive half-cycle at input 210 with respect to input 209 are issued from output 207 to microcontroller 12.

If the leakage of the electrode DE sensor to the ground exceeds the permissible value set by the variable resistor 214, then the pulse output 207 ceases, which the microcontroller 12 is perceived as an emergency leak. If it is necessary to control the integrity of the wires connecting the overload control device 201 to the control unit of the overload device 38, it additionally provides a transistor optocoupler 217, a diode 220, a zener diode 222, resistors 219, 224, and a control diode 221 is additionally installed on the overload control device 201. In this case, pulses 218 are output to the microcontroller 12, which coincide in phase and duration with a negative half-cycle at terminal 210, only when the circuit is in good condition: terminal 202, terminal of the control device load 201, diode reference 221, "land".

Depicted in FIG. 12, the connection diagram of the KPU 228 end control panel for controlling a single conveyor from the loading point works as follows. The end diode 246 of the emergency shutdown line (see Fig. 3) is transferred to the control unit and connected to this line through the opening contact of the button 243. When the button 244 is closed, the individual transmitter 229 shortens the falling part in each negative half-cycle, which is perceived as a command by the single conveyor control unit to enable the conveyor from the loading point. If it is necessary to control from the loading point (“from the tail”) a non-branched conveyor line or a branch conveyor line (see Fig. 13, Fig. 18), the KPU end control panel is connected not to the emergency shutdown line of the last conveyor, but to the alarm line 6, 8 at the exit from the last conveyor N of an unbranched conveyor line or branch conveyor line. In this case, the signal signal can be transmitted via the alarm line using button 245 and the conveyor line can be started from the loading point using button 244, giving the control panel using an individual transmitter 229 a warning signal by shorting the falling part of the positive half-periods in the alarm line 6, 5 (see graph G on Fig. 8), which is used to turn on the conveyor line from the control panel. To disconnect the line, it is enough to close the button 243, which leads to the disconnection of the operation relay 26, and, therefore, of all conveyors in the control line.

The information transmitter 69, 70, 72, 73, 75, 77, 83, 87 (see Fig. 14, Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is used to transmit information by shorting the falling part of half-periods and to create labels by complete shorting of each Nth half-period. The executive element is a thyristor 252, connected with its findings 256, 257 in parallel to the control line 4, 5 or the alarm line 5, 6, taking into account the necessary polarity. If it is necessary to transmit information, then the pulse signal 248 will come from the microcontroller 12 when the required half-cycle decays, and, if you need to mark the label, the pulse signal 248 will arrive at the beginning of the desired half-cycle, the thyristor will open and short-circuit the half-period that needs to be made a label.

A receiver of information from line 71, 74, 76, 78, 84, 88, 226 (see FIG. 15, FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3) is connected by terminals 260, 262 to an AC voltage line from which it is necessary to receive information transmitted by shorting the falling half-periods, and the output 259 from some receivers is connected to the microcontroller 12, and from others, they can be connected to the microcontroller 12 or 60 (see Fig. 2, Fig. 3).

The AC voltage asymmetry control device (see Fig. 16, Fig. 3) is used in the emergency shutdown line control device 35, in the protective element control device on the drive head of the conveyor 36, in the equipment operation control device 37. The asymmetry control device is connected to the monitored line with alternating voltage leads 267, 270 and outputs the result 249 to the microcontroller 12, which analyzes this signal and accepts as normal only if there is one half-cycle and the other is absent, and, if any, or from utstvuyut, both half-waves, it is taken as an emergency condition. This principle provides a protective failure when the input or output circuits are broken and when the output of the transistor optocoupler 265 is broken. For a clearer response to asymmetry, a zener diode 271 can be included in the input circuit.

The input 277, 278 of the half-cycle monitoring device 48, 49, 52, 53, 56, 57, 58, 59, 81, 82, 85, 86 (see Fig. 17, Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is connected to a controlled AC line for each half-cycle its own device. Outputs 247 are connected to one 12 or another 60 microcontroller. Similar devices are also used in source control devices 50, 54 (see FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3).

With some modifications, these devices are used as isolation devices 41, 42, 61_ 68.

The functionality of the automated conveyor control complex is determined by the programs downloaded to the microcontrollers 12, 60 of the control panel and the control unit, which are developed taking into account the task, the number of external devices, the choice of the type of display device, appropriateness and imagination of the developer. For practical verification of the proposed principles, the task was set to develop a complex that would fulfill all the functions of AUK.1M equipment operating at coal enterprises of the Russian Federation with the elimination of shortcomings, with the possibility of expanding the functions performed, without significant changes, in the future, the hardware, as much as possible as clear as possible indication of operating modes and emergency situations. In the case of developing a new case of devices, the window area can be increased, which will allow using a liquid crystal display or LED creeping line indicators, which will significantly increase the display efficiency, but, taking into account the window area on the cover of the existing AUK.1M control unit case, one two-digit and one three-digit ones are used , a different color, LED digital indicators, located one below the other. Additionally, a group of 4 LED indicators of different colors was used, located below the digital indicators, each of which is connected to a separate input of the microcontroller 12. In the control panel, they are used to indicate the operating modes of the branch, and in the control unit to indicate the operating modes of magnetic starters ( up to 4).

To facilitate the process of description and simplify the assimilation of the principle of operation of the control unit, it is advisable, for some devices and elements, instead of digital notations to introduce alphabetic notations that remind of the functions performed:

КС - “Stop” button in the control unit case (contacts 33, 164);

KP - “Start” button (pin 18);

KMA - button "Local \ Automation" (contact 19);

KKS - code alarm button (additional contact 20, main 89);

CRC - “Check” button (contact 21);

TUR - (contact toggle switch for setting modes 15 - setting time parameters and conveyor numbers in the line);

TUO - equipment installation toggle switch (contact 16-set kit

belt or scraper conveyor);

LEH - conveyor belt;

SKR - scraper conveyor;

TOK - toggle switch for selecting a single conveyor;

dC1 - speed sensor 1 (marked 293);

dC2 - speed sensor 2 (marked 294);

PU1 - magnetic starter 1 (designated 186);

PU2 - magnetic starter 2 (marked 187);

PER - electrode overload sensor (designated 201);

LAO - the emergency shutdown line is connected to the terminals 241, 242, contains cable-cable switches KT1 - KTn, end vanishing tapes KC1 - KCn, with a diode 246 at the end of the line or in the end control panel 228, if it is intended to control the conveyor line from the loading point;

KPU - terminal control panel (designated 228);

ZUG - protective devices on the conveyor head contains a chain of one 295 or several series-connected contacts with the diode 296 in the most remote place, which are closed if the protective devices are in working condition;

KRO - equipment operation control contains a chain of diode 298 connected in series and one 297 or several contacts of devices, the operation of which is monitored.

The control unit operates as follows (see Fig. 3). In standby mode, in the absence of emergencies inside the unit and in external circuits, with closed current and open KMA (control of a single conveyor from the loading point) on the two-digit indicator OK (single conveyor), on the three-digit LEH or SKR (type of conveyor).

With open current and open KMA (automatic control of the conveyor as part of the line) on a two-digit indicator H 1 (2, 3 ... ON or 10 - assigned conveyor number in the line), on a three-digit LEH or SKR (type of conveyor).

When the KMA is closed (the conveyor can be controlled only by buttons on the control unit 18, 164 or only from the remote control station 165 (see Fig. 9)), regardless of the current condition, the gearbox will be on the two-digit indicator (start only by button 18 or only from the remote button post 165), on a three-digit LEH or SKR, but it is possible that a three-digit indicator displays the time setting stored in the non-volatile memory of the EEPROM of the microcontroller 12 to start this conveyor.

In all the cases listed above, the LEDs of permitted starters are rarely blinking (in our case PU1 or PU2 or PU1 and PU2, but four starters are also possible).

Saving in the EEPROM of the microcontroller 12 time parameters and the conveyor number in the line is carried out with the buttons KKS (20) and KMA (19) with the permanently closed contact 15 of the toggle switch for setting the TUR modes:

- number of the control unit (conveyor) - H1 to ON (from 01 to 10);

- delay time of fixing the emergency state (control of the start time of the conveyor) during the start-up period - U10 to U99 (from 10 to 99 seconds);

- time shift to turn on the 2nd starter of two drive conveyors - 1U1 to 1U5 (from 1 to 5 seconds);

- delay time for fixing the emergency state in the operating mode when the speed drops below the permissible - 2U1 to 2U5 (from 1 to 5 seconds;

- the delay time for shutting down the conveyor when filling the reloading device - 3U1 to 6U5 (from 1 to 5 seconds).

Note. Installation and other parameters are possible while expanding the functionality of the complex.

Saving in EEPROM of the microcontroller 12 of the following design features of the conveyor is carried out with the buttons KKS (20) and KMA (19) with a permanently closed contact 16 of the toggle switch of the installation of the technical equipment:

- belt conveyor - on three-digit "LEH"; - scraper conveyor "TFR"; - electronic starter engine number 1 "PU1"; - electronic starter engine number 2 "PU2"; - speed sensor No. 1 “DC1”; - speed sensor No. 2 "DC2".

To fix the nominal speed of the conveyor working element in the EEPROM, when the cover is open, it is necessary to close the TUR, TUO, TOK contacts, and when the cover is closed, switch to local control (close KMA - Places \ Aut), apply the supply voltage. On the indicator "C00", "KP" (fixing the speed of a single conveyor).

Briefly press the "KP" button 18 or the button post 165. At first, the warning signal will turn on, after 6 seconds. Email will turn on. engine number 1, and after another 1-5 seconds will turn on email. motor No. 2, pulses from the speed sensor dC1 (293), the frequency of which is directly proportional to the speed of rotation of the wheel of the sensor (from about 5 to 70 Hz), will arrive at the input of the microcontroller 12 through the isolation element 41 (for the belt) or 42 (for the scraper conveyor) ), on a three-digit number of pulses per second should be displayed. ("C48" (or other)), "PU" (start mode)

3-5 seconds after the established maximum value of the frequency, press the Signal (KKS) button, on the “ZAP” indicator (recording done), the frequency of the transmitter will be recorded in EEPROM, turn off the Signal (KKS), turn off the KMA (Loc \ Aut), open the shell, turn off the TOUR, TOU and CURRENT (if the conveyor is not single), close the lid, apply voltage. The indicator should show “: LEH” or “SKR”, “H1 - ON”.

Further, during normal operation, the three-digit indicator will not show the speed in pulses, but the ratio of the actual speed to the reference speed recorded in the EEPROM (from "0, ??" to "1, ??).

To check the correct operation of the device when the speed drops below 0.75 of the nominal (recorded in the EEPROM), when the conveyor is switched on, in any mode, close the Test button (CRC - contact 21). On the indicator, for example, “1.00”, “OK” or “H1” - “ON. To check, it is necessary to close the CRC button and hold it until the speed reading 0.75 decreases. At this time, the actual speed should not be compared with the reference speed fixed in the EEPROM, but with a value 1.25 times higher than the reference. The indicator reading should be below "0.75". After 1-5 seconds (setting "2U1-5"), the alarm condition should be recorded in the EEPROM, the conveyor will turn off, the indicator will often flash "0.75" or lower. To remove the emergency state, briefly press the KKS button (20).

After recording in the EEPROM of the microcontroller 12 parameters necessary for the operation of a particular conveyor, a single conveyor, with a closed current, can be controlled from the loading point (KMA open) or from the conveyor head (KMA closed), and the conveyor in the line (current open) can be controlled only from the control panel (KMA is open), and local control near the drive head of the conveyor (KMA is closed) can be used only during repair work to check the mechanical, electrical parts, means of work control or to check Equivalence of the tape slip protection setting.

A single conveyor (CTC closed) is controlled from the loading point (KMA open) using the end control panel of the CPU 228 as follows (see Fig. 12, Fig. 3).

On the two-digit indicator OK. at three-digit time necessary for the successful start of the conveyor in sec. (for example 025), the starters control LEDs rarely blink, the operation permit of which is fixed in the EEPROM of the microcontroller 12.

To enable, it is necessary to close the button 244 in the CPU 228 and release it when the warning signal is turned on, while OK PRE is displayed on the indicators. After 5-6 seconds, on the OK PUS indicators, the starter of the first electric motor is turned on, the LED of the first magnetic starter PU1 is constantly on.

If there is permission to operate the second electric motor, then after a few seconds the second magnetic starter turns on, which is confirmed by the constant illumination of the PU2 LED, the two-digit indicator shows OK and the three-digit indicator shows the ratio of the actual, at the moment, conveyor belt speed to the rated speed recorded in EEPROM microcontroller 12. As the conveyor belt speed increases, this ratio will increase from 0.00 to about 1.00. Starting the conveyor is considered successful if, in the allotted time, the belt speed exceeds 0.75. If the speed does not reach a value greater than 0.75 during startup or drops below 0.75 after normal operation, then the emergency state in the EEPROM of the microcontroller 12 is recorded, the conveyor will shut down. At the same time, OK often flash on indicators, and on a three-digit value from 0.00 to 0.74 also blinks, which led to an emergency shutdown of the conveyor. The value 0.00 is the result of a complete stop of the conveyor belt or dC1 speed sensor or its malfunction. It is possible to remove the emergency condition only by closing the KKS 20 button. You can use other buttons. To stop the conveyor with the control unit, briefly press the button 243 (see Fig. 12), the opening contact of which breaks the circuit of the diode 246, the LAO rarely blinks on the three-digit indicator.

The control of a single conveyor (closed current) from the conveyor head (closed KMA) differs only in that the gearbox lights up instead of OK on the two-digit indicator, which indicates that it is possible to control the conveyor only with buttons on the body (18, 164) or only with a remote button post 165 ( 173 - Start, 163 - Stop).

Controlling the conveyor as part of the line in local control mode (closed by KMA) is carried out in the same way as controlling a single conveyor from the head and with a similar indication.

The control of the conveyor as part of the line in automatic mode (KMA and all other buttons and toggle switches are open) differs from the previously described modes and will be discussed in detail in the description of controlling the conveyor line from the control panel.

The principle of alarm in standby mode, in the control mode of a single conveyor from the loading point or from the head, in automatic or local control of the conveyor in the line is as follows. In the event of an emergency inside the unit or in the external circuits, the Stop button 164 is neutralized by stopping the output of the local control device 14 to the pulse device 171, which leads to the absence of a signal about its normal state, even if it is closed, and, therefore, the device goes from working state in standby mode. At the same time, the abbreviations of the emergency unit or outdoor device flash on the digital display, approximately as follows:

PSU BP - the power supply unit is defective;

GB GB - the main GB block is faulty;

GB PSU - the main GB unit or power supply unit is faulty;

GB LAO defective GB main block or LAO emergency shutdown line;

GB ZUG defective main block GB or protective devices on the head of the conveyor ZUG;

GB CCP faulty main unit GB or starters PU1, PU2;

GB dC1 defective GB main unit or dC1 speed sensor;

GB dC2 defective GB main unit or dC2 speed sensor;

GB PER defective GB main unit or PER reloading device;

GB B1N defective main unit GB or display unit BI.

The next turn on of the conveyor is possible only after elimination of the violation.

To simplify the process of description and facilitate the understanding of the principle of operation of the control panel, it is advisable for some devices, elements and signals instead of digital symbols to introduce letter symbols that remind of the elements or the functions performed (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2):

КС - Stop button 30, 31 in the control panel case;

KP - Start button 18 in the control panel housing;

KMA - button 19 Local \ Automation;

TUR - (toggle switch for setting modes 15 - setting the time parameters and branch number of a branched conveyor line);

TUG - toggle switch 17 control the main conveyor line;

KKS1 - button 10 code alarm on its control line;

KKS2 - button 89 code alarm on the main line from the control panel branches (see Fig. 2, Fig. 18);

KOd - code signal on the signaling line;

PRE - warning signal on the alarm line;

TIME - permission signal from the control panel on the control line for the operation of conveyors;

RAB - confirmation of the successful launch of the next pipeline;

САС - alarm signal.

The control panel operates as follows (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Fig. 18).

In standby mode, if there is a supply voltage, there are no emergencies, closed contacts 30, 31 of the Stop button, on a two-digit indicator, depending on which line the console is controlling, NG is displayed if the console is heading the main conveyor line (TUG is closed). In this case, the control mode of the local Start 18, Stop 30, 31 buttons or from the remote control post 165 remains, regardless of the state of the KMA button, and when the TUG toggle switch is open, the control panel is switched to the branch control mode and, in this case, the branch control is carried out only with the PU-G main line console (see Fig. 18) by issuing a permit for the operation of this branch (KMA and the toggle switch 16 are open) or only from the loading point of the conveyor line of the branch from the KPU end control panel if the KMA is open and the Blair 16 is closed, but with permission to operate this branch from the control panel of the main line. With a closed KMA, regardless of the state of the toggle switch 16 and the availability of permission to work from the control panel of the main line, this branch is controlled only by the Start 18 and Stop buttons 30, 31 on the shell body or only from the remote control station 165 (see Fig. 9) .

It is possible to start from the control unit (from the loading point) at the beginning of the main line conveyors necessary for branch operation, and then the branch conveyors, with the possibility of disconnecting from the same control unit. In standby mode (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2), devices 50, 54 monitor the health of the first 25 and second 29 alternating voltage sources. If each device 50, 54 gives out control pulses for each half-cycle, then this indicates the serviceability of the power sources 25, 29, but if at least one of the 4 signals is missing, then the cause of the malfunction is possible both in the power supply unit and in the main unit of the GB and therefore, in this case, the GB-BP will blink on the indicator. If, in the absence of one or more control signals from 50, 54 at outputs 24, 32, copies of these signals are also absent, then BP-BP will flash on the indicators. In other emergency cases, GB GB-, GB LUP (main unit or control line), GB LC- (main unit or signaling line) blinks are possible.

If the device 54 gives both signals and there is a signal from element 52, but there is no signal from the half-period monitoring device 53 (see graph L of Fig. 8), then there will be no alarm signal, as this is interpreted as a code signal received when the button 10 is closed on the control panel or buttons 301 on the control units. In this case, a three-digit indicator will highlight KOd.

In the standby state, the terminals 27, 24 of the first intrinsically safe power supply 25 have an alternating voltage with labels every N periods formed by shorting, using the transmitter 69, one half period (see graph A in Fig. 7), and in the control line 4 5, the above voltage will only be after closing contact 26 when starting the conveyor line.

At the terminals 28, 32 of the second intrinsically safe power supply 29 there is also an alternating voltage with labels, using the transmitter 72, every N periods (see graph G, Fig. 8), which is also available at the terminals 5, 6 of the alarm line. In the signaling line, using elements 52, 53, both half-periods are monitored, and in the control line, in the standby state, only negative half-periods at terminal 24 are monitored using element 48 with respect to terminal 5, and the positive half-cycle is controlled by element 49 only after a short circuit contact 26 and this is perceived as the execution of the start command.

The number of periods between the marks and the polarity of the shorted half-period may differ in the control line compared to the signal line (see Fig. 7, Fig. 8).

To start the main conveyor line, it is necessary to close the Start button 18 (see Fig. 2, Fig. 6, Fig. 9) with the closed contacts 30, 31 of the Stop button. The signal 46 from the microcontroller 12 turns on the operation relay 142 and, through its contact 26, an alternating voltage of the first intrinsically safe power supply 25 is supplied to the control line 4, 5. The signal from the element 49 is perceived by the microcontroller 12 as the start of the line start, and it includes the transmitter 70, which shortens the falling part of each first, after the label, negative half-period in the control line 4, 5 (see graph B in Fig. 7), which is the permission to start the first conveyor, and the transmitter 73 janno shortens the falling parts of all positive half-periods on terminal 6 with respect to terminal 5, which is perceived on all line control units as an alarm signal (see graph M of Fig. 8), which includes an alarm on all conveyors of the started line for the time required starting the most difficult to start conveyor. Not earlier than after 5 seconds. the first pipeline should turn on. In case of successful start of the first conveyor, contact 34 of the speed relay closes (see Fig. 1) and the transmitter 75 confirms the successful start of the conveyor to the control panel by shorting the first, after the mark, positive half period in control line 4, 5 (see graph C Fig. 7). The signal received by the receiver 71 confirming the successful start of the first conveyor leads to a return to the initial state of the time setting necessary to start the next conveyor, and gives permission to start it by shorting the falling part of the second negative half-cycle (see graph C of Fig. 7). Upon successful start of each next conveyor by the next positive half-cycle, a confirmation is received, the time setting necessary to start the next conveyor is returned to the initial state, and permission is issued for the next negative half-cycle to turn on the next conveyor. The maximum number of conveyors is 10, but if you want to start part of the conveyors, you need to close the signal button 10 of the control panel or the Signal 301 button on any control unit. To restart the non-working part of the conveyors, briefly close the Start button 18 (or the button 173 of the remote control post 165).

If it is necessary to disconnect one conveyor from the end of the line when the conveyor line is operating, or several, it is necessary, with the Signal 10 button closed, briefly close the Start button 18 of the control panel as many times as the number of conveyors must be disconnected. This makes it possible to reduce the number of working conveyors without first shutting down the entire line, which prevents unwanted starting of conveyors adversely affecting the mechanical and electrical equipment of the conveyor.

In the event that the next conveyor could not start successfully or an emergency occurred during normal operation, information about the number of the emergency conveyor and the type of accident are transmitted from the emergency conveyor to the control panel via the negative half-periods of the alarm line (see graph N of Fig. 8) in this case, H1 (or up to 10) and the type of accident often flash on the indicator:

PRO - slipping tape, or

PER - reloading device, or

LAO - emergency shutdown line, or

ZUG - protective devices on the conveyor head (fencing, fire extinguishing installation, etc.),

OBO - equipment on the drive head (starters, electric magn. Brake, equipment, etc.).

The branch conveyor line (see FIG. 18) can be controlled by one of the following modes:

- local control from the branch control panel without blocking with the main conveyor line;

- local control from the branch control panel interlocked with the main conveyor line;

- control of the conveyor line of the branch from the place of its loading, using the KPU end control panel;

- control of the branch conveyor line from the control panel of the main conveyor line.

Local control from the branch control panel without blocking with the main conveyor line is used mainly for repair and debugging operations and the principle is no different from the control of the main conveyor line.

Local control from the branch control panel, interlocked with the main conveyor line, is possible only if the main conveyor line is controlled automatically, and, only the presence of voltage in the main line control line (terminals 4G, 5G), controlled by elements 81, can be used as a lock 82 (in this case, it is impossible to prohibit operation or turn off this branch without disconnecting the main line) or, in addition to the presence of voltage, the resolution from the main control panel can also be taken into account, which is received by the receiver 84 (in this case, it is possible to prohibit the operation of this branch or disable it during operation without disconnecting the main line).

The control of the branch conveyor line from the point of loading using the KPU end control panel is only possible if the main conveyor line is controlled automatically and the voltage in the main line (terminals 4G, 5G) is used as a lock, which indicates the correct operation of the main conveyor lines and permissions from the control panel of the main conveyor line for the operation of this branch.

Management conveyor line branches from the control panel of the main conveyor line is as follows.

A block of 4 LEDs in the control panel of the main line serves to indicate the permission to operate the branches from No. 1 to No. 4, and on the control panel of the branches they also serve to indicate the permission to operate this branch.

If there are no permissions for branch operation from the control panel of the main line, then the LEDs do not light up on the control panels of all 4 branches. If the control panel of the main line has permission to operate one or several branches, then the corresponding LEDs rarely flash on it, and on each branch that is allowed to work, the corresponding LED rarely flashes on the control panel, signaling that there is permission to operate this branch. From the control panel of the main line, the work permit for each branch can be installed and removed both in standby mode and during operation. When the main line is started with the corresponding interlock, all branches that are allowed to run are started, the LEDs of the successfully launched branches are constantly lit both on the main panel and on the branch control panel. If you need to start a non-working branch, you must first give permission to operate this branch, and then enable the start of the conveyor line from the main control panel. To disable a specific branch, you must remove the permission for its work. If, during start-up or during operation, an emergency shutdown of the conveyor in the branch line occurs, then the LEDs of this branch often flash, two-digit indicators show the number of the emergency conveyor, and three-digit ones indicate the cause of the emergency shutdown on both control panels, and the branch control panel keeps this alarm until the emergency condition is eliminated, and the main line control panel gives this indication for 5-10 seconds, and then the digital indicators go into the main line indication mode , and the LED continues to flash rapidly, signaling an emergency condition on the branch.

As can be seen from the description of the proposed complex automated control of conveyors has positive differences from the known:

- it is possible to control a single conveyor, some or all branches, as well as the entire conveyor line from the dispatcher, from the unloading point (“from the head”) or from the loading point (“from the tail”);

- as isolation elements, mainly optoelectronic devices are used, the inductance of the input and output circuits of which is close to zero, which makes it possible to ensure intrinsic safety of circuits without additional protective devices;

- all elements of the isolation of spark-hazardous with intrinsically safe circuits are intended to be placed in the power supply 23, which makes it possible to provide an explosion-proof enclosure of the PB version only for the power supply, and the main GB unit and the BI indication unit with terminal assemblies for external connections can be located in the PO-case;

- power supplies and display units are universal and can be used both in the console and in control units without additional changes to both these units and their connection diagrams;

- as a “unit” in the inputs and outputs of the microcontroller, only pulses of a certain duration and at a certain time are perceived, which ensures the absence of a “unit” when both LEDs and the transistor or thyristor of optoelectronic devices fail and if the microcontroller breaks down (freezing or malfunctioning ports), which guarantees a complete protective failure;

- as an indication device, digital indicators can be used, including those with a running line, or an LCD display that will allow you to display the named place of failure, which significantly reduces the time to eliminate it, and to expand the functionality, LEDs can be used additionally;

- for editing and saving in the non-volatile memory of the EEPROM of the microcontroller 12 in standby mode, the conveyor numbers in the line (control unit number) of the branch number (numbers of control panels heading the branch), all time delays, there is one toggle switch that is open in the working state and two buttons, which in working condition are used for their intended purpose, and the values are displayed on indicators both during editing, and can be checked in standby mode, and the type of conveyor (with krebkovy or tape) and the equipment in the kit of this conveyor (one or two speed sensors, one or more magnetic starters) can be edited and stored in non-volatile memory EEPROM of the microcontroller 12 in standby mode when another toggle switch is closed (but it is possible to use for this purpose, and the first toggle switch), which is open in the working state, and by the same two buttons that are used in the working state for their intended purpose, and the values are displayed on the indicators as during editing tion, and it can be tested in a standby mode, which greatly reduces the time for adjustment apparatus in mine conditions;

- even with a short duration of the cause of the emergency shutdown, an indication of it with a duration sufficient for awareness by the maintenance personnel (3-5 seconds) is provided, and not only external devices, but also a specific unit inside the device are indicated, which significantly accelerates the time by liquidation of a failure, increases the time between failures of the mechanical and electrical equipment of the conveyor;

- the proposed complex allows you to disconnect from the control panel as the entire line at the same time, or one or several conveyors from the last, up to the first, which significantly improves the operational characteristics of mechanical and electrical equipment;

- there is the possibility of using the complex, without radical changes in the hardware, for controlling double-chain scraper conveyors and belt conveyors with slip control, for which it is enough to add blocks to control two magnetic starters in the hardware;

- it is possible to statistically record the operating time, the number and causes of emergency shutdowns of each conveyor in the line and the delivery of these data to the control panel, which will effectively organize the maintenance of equipment;

- it is possible to transmit information from the control panel to the control room about the status of all conveyors controlled from this control panel, and, if necessary, control the conveyor line from the control room;

- for commissioning, debugging and maintenance, highly qualified maintenance personnel and the use of special tools are not required, it will be enough to make sure that the supply voltage is within acceptable limits, and all violations are displayed by the display unit during a routine check of the complex's performance.

The tests of prototypes of the proposed complex automated control of conveyors confirmed the achievement of the required technical result and the correct choice of concepts.

Claims (11)

1. A complex of automated control of conveyors, containing a control panel and control units connected by a three-wire line, the first wire together with a common wire make up a control line, and the other wire together with a common wire is an alarm line, to which chains from a series are connected to the control panel connected diode and contact of the “Signal” button, and in all control units - similar chains from the diode and the “Signal” button; the control panel and control units have an indication device, an information processing device, devices for controlling an audible alarm, a control device for a control panel or control unit, toggle switches, buttons and a power supply unit with several AC and DC voltage sources; the first wire of the control line of the console is connected to the first terminal of the first intrinsically safe power source through the relay contact, the common wire is connected to the second terminal of the first intrinsically safe power source and to the second terminal of the second intrinsically safe power source using the contacts of the Stop button, and the first terminal of the second intrinsically safe source power is connected to another wire of the alarm line of the control panel; in each control unit, another wire of the signaling line passes in transit, the contact of the Stop button is included in the gap of the common wire, and the contact of the speed control relay is in the gap of the first wire of the control line; control units additionally contain devices with output to the clamps for connecting external equipment, such as a device for monitoring the emergency shutdown line, a device for monitoring protective elements on the drive head of the conveyor, a device for monitoring the operation of equipment, a device for local control of a control panel or control unit, a control unit for a reloading device, magnetic starter control device, the number of which is equal to the number of starters necessary for operation, an isolation device for I am a speed sensor, characterized in that the power supply units of the console and control units are made in accordance with the same circuit diagram and contain the first and second intrinsically safe power supplies with alternating voltages at the outputs, the first and second intrinsically safe DC voltage sources, one of which is designed to power the information processing device and the other to power an autonomous telephone system; in addition, the power supply unit includes a device for controlling an audible alarm and an electromagnetic relay control device; in the control panel, the common wire of the control line and the alarm line is connected, with the help of a half-period control device, to the first output of the first intrinsically safe power source, with the help of a second half-period control device, of a different polarity, connected to the first wire of the control line, with the help of a source control device - with additional output of the first intrinsically safe power source, using the third and fourth half-period control devices connected in parallel with the second output of the second spark safe power source, and with a second source of control device coupled with the complementary terminal of the second intrinsically safe power supply; in the control unit: between the common wire of the control line and the alarm line at the input of the unit and the other wire of the alarm line, the fifth and sixth half-period control devices are connected in parallel, the common wire of the control line and the signal line at the output of the unit is connected to the first wire of the control line at the input of the unit using the seventh half-period control device, and connected to the first wire of the control line at the output of the unit using the eighth half-period control device; the emergency shutdown line monitoring device is connected to the second intrinsically safe power source through another contact of the Stop button, and the protective element monitoring device and the equipment operation monitoring device are connected to the first intrinsically safe power source through additional resistors; as the information processing device of the control panel and the control unit, a microcontroller is used, which is connected to external and internal devices and units using isolation elements made using optoelectronic devices; the display device is a digital indicator or LCD and a block of several LEDs connected directly, or using a decoder, to the microcontroller of the information processing device or to another microcontroller associated with the microcontroller of the information processing device; toggle switches and buttons are connected directly, or through isolation devices, to the microcontroller of the information processing device or to another microcontroller; The automated conveyor control system has an additional tele-alarm system for exchanging information between the control panel and control units via the control line and the alarm line, which includes the first and second information transmitters and an information receiver connected in parallel between the first output of the first intrinsically safe power source and the common wire of the control line and the alarm line, to which the first output of a similar set of elements is also connected in from a parallel connected third and fourth information transmitter and second information receiver, the second output of this set is connected to another wire of the signaling line; in each control unit: between the input of the first wire of the control line and the output of the common wire of the control line and the alarm line, the fifth information transmitter and the third information receiver are connected in parallel, and between the other wire of the signal line and the input of the common wire of the control line and signaling lines are connected in parallel to a sixth information transmitter and a fourth information receiver. 2. The control complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the control panel additionally has a device for interfacing with the main line with an output of 3 clamps (4G, 5G, 6G), which make it possible to connect the control panel of the branch line to the control line and signaling of the main line ; between the first 4G terminal and the 5G common terminal, the ninth and tenth half-period monitoring devices, a seventh information transmitter and a fifth information receiver are connected in parallel; between the common terminal 5G and the second terminal 6G, the eleventh and twelfth half-period monitoring devices, the eighth information transmitter, the sixth information receiver and another chain of the second contact of the “Signal” button and the second diode connected in series are connected in parallel. 3. The control complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second intrinsically safe power supplies are identical in the power supply unit and each of them contains the first and second AC input wires, the second wire being simultaneously the second output of the intrinsically safe power source, the first one second and third resistors, third and fourth diodes, first and second transistors, bi-directional (two-anode) zener diode, capacitor, and the first resistor, the third and even connected to the first AC input wire the fifth diodes of different polarity, the second terminals of which are connected to the collectors of the first and second transistors of different conductivity types, the second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the bases of the first and second transistors and to the first terminal of a bi-directional zener diode, the second terminal of which is connected to the second terminal of the intrinsically safe power source, to which it is connected and a capacitor, the second terminal of which is connected to the emitters of the first and second transistors and to the second and third resistors; the second terminal of the second resistor is the first output of an intrinsically safe power source, and the second terminal of the third resistor is an additional output of this intrinsically safe power source; the first and second intrinsically safe sources of constant voltage are identical and each of them contains the first and second wires of an additional alternating voltage, which is connected to the input of the diode bridge, to the output of which is connected a chain of serially connected zener diodes and a fourth resistor, in parallel with which a collector is connected - the base junction of the third transistor whose emitter, using a chain of series-connected fifth diode and second capacitor, is connected to a common connection point stub of the neutron and the output of the diode bridge, which is the negative output of an intrinsically safe source of constant voltage, the positive output of this source is connected with the fifth resistor to the output of the voltage stabilization element, the input of which is connected in parallel with the second capacitor, and the third capacitor is connected in parallel with its output. 4. The control complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for controlling an audible alarm included in the power supply unit comprises first, second and third transistor optocouplers, an optocoupler with a triac output and a thyristor, which are connected in a certain way to the first and second wires the supply voltage of the control panel or control unit, and the input of the first transistor optocoupler is connected between the first and second wires of the voltage supplying device using a sixth resistor and a pole connected in series diode, and the input of the second transistor optocoupler using a seventh resistor and a seventh diode connected in series between the first wire of the voltage supplying the apparatus and the first output wire of the triac optocoupler, which is also the output for switching on the sound emitter, the second output wire of the triac optocoupler is connected to the second wire of the supply voltage apparatus, emitters of transistor optocouplers and a cathode of a LED of a triac optocoupler are connected together and connected to the negative of the power source m of the microcontroller, and the collectors of these optocouplers are connected to the corresponding inputs of this microcontroller, the anode of the LED of the triac optocoupler is connected to the cathode of the LED of the third transistor optocoupler, and the anode of this LED is connected to the corresponding output of the microcontroller, the anode and cathode of the thyristor are connected to the control circuit of another device for connecting additional sound emitters N1, N2 ... Nn, and, in addition, a chain of series-connected collector-emitter junction of the third transistor is connected an optocoupler, an eighth resistor, an eighth diode, and a thyristor control junction, in parallel with which an eleventh resistor is connected; the electromagnetic relay control device contains an electromagnetic relay, the winding of which is shunted by the second zener diode, and its contact in the control panel kit is used as an operation relay, and in the control unit kit as a speed control relay, a second thyristor, a fourth transistor optocoupler, and the windings connected in series the electromagnetic relay, the ninth resistor and the main circuit of the second thyristor are connected between the first and second wires of the voltage supplying the device, the connection point the ninth resistor and the anode of the second thyristor is connected to the first wire of the voltage supplying the apparatus in series with the fourth capacitor and the tenth resistor, the first wire of the voltage supplying device is connected to the second wire using an additional chain of the eleventh resistor in series, the ninth diode, the emitter-collector junction of the fourth transistor optocoupler , twelfth resistor, the common point of the ninth diode and emitter of the fourth transistor optocoupler is connected to vlyayuschim terminal of the second thyristor via a fifth capacitor, a fourth photocoupler input is connected to the corresponding output information processing unit of the microcontroller. 5. The control complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the local control device of the apparatus comprises a transistor optocoupler for activating the “Stop” button, a transistor optocoupler for activating the “Start” button, a transistor optocoupler for monitoring the state of the “Stop” button, a transistor optocoupler for monitoring the state of the “Start” button ", The common wire of the control circuits is connected using the opening contact of the" Stop "button to the second terminal of the second intrinsically safe power source, the wire of the control circuit of the" Stop "button and the wire of the control circuit of the" Start "button are connected to the additional output of the second intrinsically safe power source using additional resistors, between the wire of the control button of the Stop button and the common wire of the control circuit is connected the tenth diode connected in series with the open contact of the Stop button of the additional remote control post, between the same wires and connected a chain of thirteen and fourteenth resistors connected in series, an input circuit of a transistor optocoupler for monitoring the state of the Stop button, and an output circuit an anistor optocoupler for activating the Stop button, the output circuit of one optocoupler and the input circuit of another optocoupler are connected to the microcontroller of the information processing unit, the common point of the thirteenth and fourteenth resistors is additionally connected to the common wire of the control circuits using the sixth capacitor; between the wire of the control circuit of the “Start” button and the common wire of the control circuits, the twelfth diode is connected in series with the closing contact of the “Start” button located inside the control panel or control unit, or the twelfth diode connected in series with the closing contact of the “Start” button of the additional control station , between the same wires and connected a chain of series-connected fifteenth and sixteenth resistors, the output circuit of the transistor optocoupler state monitoring button "Pu k "and input circuit of the transistor of the optocoupler activation button" Start ", the output circuit of an optocoupler and the optocoupler input circuit is connected to another microcontroller unit processing information, the total point of the fifteenth and sixteenth resistor additionally connected to ground via the control circuits of the seventh capacitor. 6. The control complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic starter control device comprises a fifth transistor optocoupler, the output of which is connected to the microcontroller of the information processing device, and the input is connected between the first and second wire of the control circuit of the magnetic starter through a seventeenth resistor and a fourteenth connected in series diode, between the first and second wires of the control circuit of the magnetic starter, the main circuit of the third thyristor is connected, the anode of which is connected to its control electrode connected in series with the fifteenth diode, the eighteenth resistor and the eighth capacitor, the common connection point of the eighteenth resistor and the eighth capacitor is connected to the second wire of the control circuit of the magnetic starter using the nineteenth resistor in series and the output of the fifth transistor optocoupler 196, the input of which is connected to the corresponding output of the microcontroller of the information processing device . 7. The control complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit of the reloading device connected to the overload control device using the first clamp for connecting an electrode DE sensor, a second clamp, for connecting a security ring OK and a third clamp, for connecting a reloading enclosure tray, consists of a sixth transistor optocoupler, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device, and the input is connected between the first and second conclusions of the additional source AC voltage using a third chain of series-connected input of the sixth transistor optocoupler, sixteenth diode, twentieth and twenty-first resistors, seventeenth diode; the second output of an additional source of alternating voltage is connected to the guard ring OK of the overload control device using a twenty-second resistor through the second clamp, the electrode electrode DE of the same device is connected to the common point of the twentieth and twenty-first resistors through the first clamp; if it is necessary to control the integrity of the wires connecting the overload control device to the control unit of the overload device in it, a seventh transistor optocoupler is additionally provided, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device, and one input terminal is connected to the first terminal, and the second input terminal is connected to the second output of an additional source of alternating voltage through a twenty-third resistor and an eighteenth diode connected in series to the device ystve overload control between the sensor electrode DE and the casing tray handling control diode connected. 8. The control complex according to claim 1, characterized in that a seventh information receiver is connected in parallel with the emergency shutdown line monitoring device in the control unit, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device, and at the loading point of a single conveyor or conveyor line it is possible, if necessary, the installation of an end control panel of the control unit, the main element of which is an individual information transmitter, including the fourth thyristor, the main circuit of which o connected in parallel to the first and second exposure wires, parallel to the control junction shunted by the twenty-fourth resistor, the collector-emitter junction of the fourth transistor is connected to the fourth thyristor, the collector of which is connected to the anode of the fourth thyristor through the twenty-fifth resistor and the eighteenth diode connected in series, and the base of the transistor is connected to its emitter is connected in parallel by the twenty-sixth resistor and the nineteenth diode, and to the anode of the fourth thyristor - through the last Natively connected ninth capacitor and twenty-sixth resistor; in addition, the KPU end control panel contains other Stop, Start, and Signal buttons, with which the first and second exposure wires are connected at the end of the emergency shutdown line, when controlling a single conveyor, or to the signal line of the last conveyor N conveyor lines. 9. The control complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the information transmitter contains an eighth transistor optocoupler, the input of which through the twenty-seventh resistor is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device, and the output is connected in series to the control circuit of the fifth thyristor, which includes the anode, the twenty-eighth resistor, the thirteenth diode, the output of the eighth transistor optocoupler, the control transition of the fifth thyristor, shunted by the twenty-ninth resistor, the anode of the fifth the thyristor is connected to the first wire, and the cathode is connected to the second wire of the AC voltage line, which is used to exchange information, into which it is necessary to issue a signal by shorting the falling part of the half-period, to provide the encoded signal, or the entire half-period, to the label to issue to the line. 10. The control complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the information receiver contains a transistor optocoupler with an AC input, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device, a thirtieth resistor is connected between the terminals of the input of the receiver, and one output terminal of this optocoupler is connected to one wire through the thirty-first resistor, the second output of the optocoupler is connected through the tenth capacitor to another wire of the AC voltage line designed for information exchange. 11. The control complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the emergency shutdown line monitoring device, protective element monitoring device, equipment operation monitoring device are similar and each contains a second transistor optocoupler with an alternating current input, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the processing device information, between the input terminals of this optocoupler a thirty-second resistor is connected, one input terminal of this optocoupler is connected to the first terminal of the controlled circuit using thirty torogo resistor and the other input terminal of the photocoupler connected to a second controlled clamp circuit through the third zener diode. 12. The control complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the half-period control devices contain a ninth transistor optocoupler, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the microcontroller of the information processing device, a thirty-third resistor is connected between the input terminals, one input terminal of this optocoupler is connected to one wire through the thirty-fourth resistor and the fourteenth diode are connected in series, the second output of the optocoupler is connected through the fourth zener diode to another wire of the AC voltage line.

Images