RU2650018C1 - Power plant with the active recovery boiler of the high-temperature boiling bed - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to the field of mechanical engineering and is intended for the joint generation of thermal and electric energy. Power plant with the active recovery boiler of the high-temperature fluidized bed consists of the boiler with the high-temperature fluidized-bed furnace, which includes the mechanical combustion device with the movable grate, which is inclined to the horizon, the heating surfaces, the wind zones of primary and secondary air, fuel feeder, cinder return ejector. Exhaust fan is connected to the gas inlet of the waste heat boiler, the exhaust gas flue to the exhaust with the silencer is connected to the exhaust manifold of the diesel generator, the devices for controlling the flow of media are installed in the atmosphere on the discharge line of the blowing fan, on the gas inlet of the waste heat boiler and on the gas flue of the bypass of exhaust gases.

EFFECT: invention allows to increase the efficiency of the power plant when burning solid fuel.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering and is intended for the joint generation of thermal and electrical energy.

A known power plant comprising a diesel generator, an air inlet line to a diesel engine, a waste heat boiler with a combustion chamber connected by a gas inlet pipe to a diesel exhaust manifold, a feed line for supplying feed water to a waste heat boiler, a heat-insulating jacket covering the combustion chamber and forming an air jacket around (Copyright certificate SU 1321880 A1, publ. 07.07.87. Bull. No. 25).

The disadvantage of this installation is:

- relatively low efficiency of the power plant when burning solid fuel in a waste heat boiler;

- low reliability of the waste heat boiler in unsteady (transient) operating modes.

The objective of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of the power plant when burning solid fuel, as well as improving the reliability of the power plant in transient modes.

The task of increasing the efficiency of burning solid fuel is achieved through the use of a boiler with a high-temperature fluidized bed (VTKS) as a waste heat boiler.

VTKS technology provides a two-stage air supply circuit. The main task that primary air performs is the organization of a fluidized bed. Primary air in an amount of 0.6-0.7 of the total is supplied under a narrow moving grate under such a pressure at which solid fuel particles constantly rise and fall, i.e. soar in the volume of the furnace space. At the same time, lumps of fuel are constantly washed by oxygen, providing intense combustion. In addition, due to friction between the pieces of fuel, the slag crust is knocked off their surface, providing oxygen access to the combustible elements inside the pieces and reducing losses with mechanical underburning of fuel.

Secondary air is supplied to the superlayer space and serves to re-burn fuel and volatiles, as well as to prevent the entrainment of fuel particles, further reducing losses with mechanical underburning of fuel. The fuel burnup efficiency in a furnace with VTKS is 95-98%.

The task of improving the reliability of the power plant at transient operating modes is solved through the use of media flow control devices. In particular, at transient conditions (load shedding and surge), as well as at shared loads with the help of media flow control devices, the ratio of blast air / exhaust gases changes, thereby achieving stable combustion in the combustion device of the recovery boiler and increasing the reliability of the power plant generally.

In FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power plant with an active waste heat boiler of a high temperature fluidized bed. A power plant with an active high-temperature fluidized bed recovery boiler includes a boiler with a high-temperature fluidized bed furnace 2, including a mechanical combustion device with a movable grate 7 inclined to the horizon, heating surfaces 9, blast zones of primary 5 and secondary air 6, fuel feeder 8 , the ablation return ejector 10, a blower fan 15 is connected to the gas inlet pipe 11 of the recovery boiler 2, a flue bypass outlet is connected to the exhaust manifold 3 of the diesel generator 1 exhaust gases into the atmosphere 13 with a silencer 14, on the discharge line 12 of the blower fan 15, on the gas inlet pipe of the waste heat boiler and on the gas duct for transferring exhaust gases into the atmosphere 13, devices for controlling the flow of media (valves) 16, 17, 18 are installed. Air into the diesel engine the generator enters through the air intake device 19.

Water is supplied to the recovery boiler by a pump 20 through a pipe 21, is heated in the recovery boiler and supplied to the consumer. Fuel is supplied to the combustion device of the waste heat boiler by the feeder 8. Exhaust gases of the diesel generator having a high excess air coefficient are fed through the exhaust manifold 3 and the gas inlet 11 to the combustion device of the waste heat boiler, where they are afterburned. To create a high-temperature fluidized bed by a blower fan 15 along the discharge line 12, air is supplied to the gas inlet pipe 11, where it is mixed with the exhaust gases of the diesel generator and enters the primary 5 and secondary 6 blast zones. Flue gases are removed from the recovery boiler through the chimney 16.

The amount of air and the amount of exhaust gas supplied to the combustion device is regulated by means of media flow control devices (valves) 16, 17. The amount of exhaust gas bypassed into the atmosphere is regulated by the device 18. When the diesel generator is in steady state, the valve 16 is partially open , ensuring continuous operation of the blower fan and the flow of air into the combustion device. The valve 17 is open, the valve 18 is closed, the exhaust gases having a high coefficient of excess air are fully supplied to the gas inlet port of the recovery boiler, where stable combustion of solid fuel takes place in the combustion device. During transient operation of the diesel generator (for example, load surge), the oxygen content in the exhaust gas of the diesel generator is reduced, which can lead to cessation of fuel combustion and shutdown of the waste heat boiler. To prevent the recovery boiler from stopping, a valve 16 is opened on the discharge line and additional combustion air is supplied to the combustion device by the blower fan 15. The valve 18 opens, passing the exhaust gases into the atmosphere, preventing the diesel generator from stalling, and the valve 17 closes. After the diesel generator reaches the steady-state operating mode, the valve 17 opens, the valve 18 closes, and the exhaust gases enter the combustion device, the valve 16 partially closes, reducing the supply of additional air to the combustion device of the recovery boiler. Thus, in the furnace space 4 of the recovery boiler, the required excess air coefficient is maintained, which allows for efficient combustion of solid fuel, and the reliability of the recovery boiler in unsteady operating conditions is increased. The heat released from fuel combustion is transferred to the feed water, which is supplied to the consumer.

Information sources

1. The power plant. V.T. Krivov, S.A. Sinatov, A.N. Orlov, S.D. Gulin, S.N. Skokov, V.A. Akatiev, Patent SU 1321880 A1, publ. 07.07.87. Bull. Number 25.

Claims (1)

A power plant with an active recovery boiler of a high-temperature fluidized bed, comprising a diesel generator, an air inlet pipe to a diesel engine, a recovery boiler with a combustion chamber connected by a gas inlet pipe to a diesel exhaust manifold, a feed line for supplying feed water to the recovery boiler, characterized in that the recovery boiler is made in the form of a boiler unit with a furnace of a high-temperature fluidized bed, including a mechanical furnace device with a movable grate, inclined to the horizontal, a surface type of heating, primary and secondary air blast zones, fuel feeder, ablation return ejector, a blower fan is connected to the gas inlet of the recovery boiler, an exhaust gas exhaust duct with a noise suppressor is connected to the exhaust manifold of the diesel generator, on the discharge line of the blower fan, On the gas inlet pipe of the recovery boiler and on the gas duct for transferring exhaust gases into the atmosphere, devices for controlling the flow of media are installed.

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