RU2646613C2 - Electrical apparatus such as a switch - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electronic equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an electrical device comprising a base, at least one first connection terminal (3), at least one fixed contact (4) that is fixed relative to the base and electrically connected to said first connection terminal (3), at least one second connection terminal (5), at least one mobile contact (6) that is movable relative to the base, conductive blade (7), carrying said mobile contact (6) and electrically linked to said second connection terminal (5); elastic element for biasing said blade (7) towards one or the other of two stable states, in which said mobile contact (6) is applied against said fixed contact (4) and an insulation state in which said mobile contact (6) is separated from said fixed contact (4) and a manoeuvring member that is movable relative to base and arranged to drive blade (7). Blade (7) comprises drive tab (10) configured to drive yoke (11), engaging with receptacle portion of base, viscous fluid is provided between yoke (11) and receptacle portion (12) of base.

EFFECT: technical result is noise attenuation and an improved sensation when touched by the user.

26 cl, 15 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the technical field of electrical devices, such as switches, containing a control element for the shutdown mechanism, and, in particular, switches, the control element of which is configured to be triggered by manual exposure.

State of the art

The use of switches in any electrical systems is well known. The problem with this type of electrical device is the noise that occurs during operation, which affects overall comfort.

Indeed, basically noise occurs when a moving contact hits a fixed contact, which in practice happens quite sharply. As a result, the noise is more or less strong and spreads rapidly to the rest of the device.

French patent FR 2924266 is known, for example, which provides a solution to this acoustic problem. In particular, this document describes an electrical device comprising:

- first connecting clamp;

- a fixed contact electrically connected to the specified first connecting clip;

- second connecting clamp;

- movable contact;

- a conductive brush on which said movable contact is made and which is electrically connected to said second connecting clip;

- an elastic element for acting on said brush in the direction of one or the other of two stable states, respectively, of a conductivity state in which said movable contact is pressed against said fixed contact and an insulation state in which said movable contact is at a distance from said fixed contact; and

- a control element mechanically and rigidly connected to the specified conductive brush;

wherein said device further comprises:

- motionless wall;

- a movable wall mechanically and rigidly connected to the control element, wherein said fixed wall and said movable wall are adapted to be brought into relative motion when said brush moves from one to another from said conductivity position and insulation position; and

- a viscous fluid substance located between said movable wall and said fixed wall in each of said conductivity positions and insulation positions, as well as in an intermediate position between them.

In other words, in this mechanism, the movable walls laterally mounted on the protrusions extending laterally with respect to the control element are made so that they are each immersed in a tank containing a viscous fluid, thereby slowing down the mobility of said control element.

Since the specified control element is rigidly connected with the brush on which the movable contact is made, the speed of the specified movable contact slows down, and the stop force in the fixed contact decreases, which accordingly leads to a weakening of the noise produced.

However, the disadvantage of these devices is, in particular, the feeling of softness for the user during exposure to the control element.

In addition, circuit breakers of this type require different designs from one country to another in order to comply with different usage habits or standards of different countries. This leads to additional development and production costs.

Disclosure of invention

The invention described below is intended to eliminate all or part of the disadvantages of the known solutions and, in particular, allows you to simply and reliably implement an electrical device, such as a switch, and at the same time provides noise attenuation and an improved touch experience for the user.

In this regard, the first object of the invention is an electrical device containing:

- basement;

- at least one first connecting clip;

- at least one contact, fixed relative to the base and electrically connected to the specified first connecting clamp;

- at least one second connection clamp;

- at least one contact movable relative to the base;

- a conductive brush on which said movable contact is made and which is electrically connected to said second connecting clip;

- an elastic element for acting on said brush in the direction of one or the other of two stable states, respectively, of a conductivity state in which said movable contact is pressed against said fixed contact and an insulation state in which said movable contact is at a distance from said fixed contact; and

- a control element movable relative to the base and made with the possibility of driving the brush;

according to the invention in an electrical device:

- the brush contains a drive foot, configured to set the core in motion, while said core interacts with the receiving part of the base, forming with it a mechanical connection with a degree of freedom in translational motion and / or rotation; and

- a viscous fluid is provided between the core and the receiving part of the cap; wherein the shear stresses of the viscous fluid slow down the movement of the core relative to the cap.

When using such an electric device, manually pressing the control element drives a brush that moves the core with its drive foot, while the core slows down relative to the receiving part of the cap due to the presence of viscous fluid as a result of shear stresses.

The transfer of motion from the control element to the core through the brush becomes possible due to the fact that these parts are not rigidly connected to each other, and the movement of one of them leads to the relative movement of the other.

This design allows you to effectively slow down the brush with a movable contact, therefore, when the specified movable contact comes to the stop position in a stationary contact, the noise produced is attenuated.

In known solutions, the control element forms, together with the movable walls, a rigid assembly, limiting friction and collisions between parts.

As it unexpectedly turned out in our case, the transmission of motion between the control element, the brush and the core that are not rigidly connected does not at all increase the noise produced by the parts, which, on the contrary, decreases due to the action of a viscous fluid.

In addition, thanks to this design, you can use a device that meets the different habits of use in specific countries. Indeed, in some countries, the norm assumes noise during the emphasis of the movable contact on the stationary contact. In this case, during the manufacture of the electrical device, the step of installing the core in the mechanism can be omitted. In this case, the brush can carry out its movement in the same way, but will not be able to set the core in motion. This becomes possible due to the fact that the core is not rigidly connected to the control element. In this case, the design and manufacture are simplified.

Preferably, the drive foot is adapted to drive the core discontinuously with respect to the movement of the control element or the control finger.

This feature allows you to eliminate the effect of "softness" of the known solutions. Indeed, in this case, “intermittent” should be understood as the fact that the movement of the core does not change linearly when the control element is in motion.

Thus, a viscous fluid affects the braking of the brush intermittently, that is, only during part of its stroke between two stable states.

According to a technical feature, both the core and the receiving part of the base have at least one working surface against each other, limiting the space into which a viscous fluid is poured.

In this configuration, the fluid is in a space bounded between two working surfaces of the core and the receiving portion of the base for the fluid.

In a particular configuration, both the core and the receiving part of the cap have two separate working surfaces, each of the working surfaces of the core being opposite one of the working surfaces of the receiving part of the cap, which pairwise limit the space into which a viscous fluid is poured.

This configuration allows, in particular, to increase the shear stresses of the viscous fluid between the core and the receiving part of the base and, therefore, to enhance the braking effect.

Preferably, the space between the working surfaces is from 0.05 to 0.2 mm.

Such a space directly affects shear stresses. Indeed, even if the viscous fluid is in motion, it has zero speed in the zone of contact with the working surfaces of the core and the receiving part of the base. This rate of viscous fluid directly depends on its removal relative to these working surfaces. The difference in speed inside a viscous fluid is the cause of shear stress: fluid particles that move faster are slowed down by particles that move slower, which creates a drag effect.

In our case, such a space between surfaces provides an optimal braking effect for any commonly used viscous fluid.

In addition, the condition of the working surfaces also affects this braking effect. In particular, a rougher working surface leads to more severe braking.

In addition, according to a preferred feature, the core interacts with the receiving part of the base, forming with it a rotary connection in which the core forms a cam.

Alternatively, in the case where the core interacts with the receiving part of the base, forming with it a mechanical connection with the degree of freedom in translational motion, the core forms a shuttle, for example, of the type of piston.

Preferably, the core forming the cam and the receiving portion of the cap interact with each other using ribs that interact with the groove. In this configuration, the viscous fluid is poured into the groove into which the rib enters, so that when the groove and the rib interact, the viscous fluid is between them.

The rotation of the core forming the cam with the receiving part of the base is guided by the shaft in a rotary connection in a cylindrical chamber, while the axis of the rotary connection is the axis of rotation of the core relative to the receiving part of the base.

In a particular configuration, the shaft has the shape of a truncated cone, which facilitates installation in place of the core with respect to the specified shaft, and has protrusions at its distal end providing an additional axis direction, while also facilitating engagement of the core with the shaft.

According to a preferred distinguishing feature, the rib is made in one piece with the receiving part of the cap, and the groove is made in one piece with the core forming the cam.

This configuration provides improved kinematics of rotation for the control finger and at the same time reduces the volume of the device.

In an alternative configuration, the rib is made in one piece with the core forming the cam, and the groove is made in one piece with the receiving part of the cap.

Compared to the first alternative, this option requires a different amount of lubricant, since this lubricant is easier to fill, which also directly affects the kinematics.

Preferably, the core is removable.

This feature allows you to comply with various standards and facilitates the development, manufacture, as well as use.

Preferably, the base contains a removable plate for holding in the assembled position of the core, interacting with the receiving part of the base.

According to another particular characteristic, the removable plate comprises a mounting element. Such an installation element has several advantages, although not necessarily at the same time. On the one hand, it can have an advantage from a mechanical point of view, providing good positioning of the removable plate relative to the specified base. Another mechanical advantage occurs when the good cam positioning depends on the particular surface configuration of the removable plate, since the mounting element ensures that the removable plate is correctly installed.

Another advantage is associated with the wiring diagram at the level of the installation element, since the specified installation element allows you to verify the correct direction of the specified circuit laying of wires. Preferably, this removable plate prevents access to the electrical part of the electrical device, which ensures its safety.

According to a preferred feature, the core has a cross section forming a portion of the disc extending at an angular sector strictly exceeding 180 degrees and bounded by two walls forming an opening, wherein the action of the drive foot in the opening and one or the other of these walls rotates said core .

This feature provides, in particular, the intermittent movement of the core forming the cam during the continuous movement of the control element.

Indeed, when the brush makes a movement, in particular a rotation movement under the action of the control element, the drive foot, which initially comes into contact and in the stop position, in one of the walls forming the core opening, will turn, coming to the stop position in the other of the walls forming the opening core. During the entire rotation movement, the drive foot will rotate between these walls forming the opening without causing the core to rotate. This intermittent movement of the core relative to the control finger eliminates any soft feeling that the user may feel during its actuation.

In General, the transmission of motion between the drive foot and the core can be carried out using any means that allows the drive foot to exert pressure on the core in a direction transverse to its axis of rotation with the receiving part of the base in one direction or in the opposite direction. Thus, the action of the drive foot, made with the ability to push at least one wall located in the axial direction relative to the axis of rotation of the core, provides this movement.

For example, in another possible embodiment, the core has a wall made in the axial direction relative to its axis of rotation with the receiving part of the base, and the drive foot has an end with two branches, essentially forming a shape in the form of a "V" or "U", and this wall the core interacts with this "V" or "U" -shaped form between the two branches in such a way that the action of one or the other of the branches on one or the other side of this wall provides rotation of the specified core. In this case, intermittent movement can also be obtained if the distance separating the two branches exceeds the thickness value of the axially made wall with which the drive foot interacts, which allows a gap to be provided to ensure this discontinuity of movement. Preferably, the rib and the groove have a cross section in the form of an arc of a circle, while the rib preferably extends over an angular portion exceeding 100 degrees and preferably from 110 to 150 degrees.

This feature provides rotation of the core relative to the receiving part of the base and at the same time provides a sufficient deviation so as not to limit the movement of the control element.

The invention has been described above as an example. Of course, the specialist can provide various versions of the invention, for example, using various distinguishing features separately or in combination depending on the tasks, without going beyond the scope of the invention.

Brief Description of the Figures

Other features and advantages of the invention will be more apparent from the following description, presented by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows an electrical device according to an embodiment, a perspective view and an exploded view;

in FIG. 2 shows an electrical device according to this embodiment, where a mounting support and facing parts are shown, a perspective view with a spatial separation of the parts;

in FIG. 3 shows an electric device 1 according to the same embodiment in an assembled position, partially cutaway view;

in FIG. 4A and 4B show the receiving part of the cap of the electric device according to this embodiment, general and detailed views, respectively;

in FIG. 5A and 5B show the base of an electric device according to this embodiment, the core of which is configured to interact with the receiving portion of the base, a bottom view and a perspective view with a cut along line AA of this FIG. 5A, respectively;

in FIG. 6A and 6B show the base of an electric device according to this embodiment, the core of which is configured to interact with the receiving portion of the base, a side view and a perspective view with a cut along line BB of this FIG. 6A, respectively;

in FIG. 7 shows in detail the core interacting with the receiving portion of the base, according to this embodiment, a front view;

in FIG. 8 shows a base on which a removable plate according to this embodiment is attached, a perspective view;

in FIG. 9A and 9B show a part of the mechanism of an electrical device according to this embodiment in two different stable positions;

in FIG. 10A and 10B show a part of the mechanism of an electrical device according to this embodiment in two different stable positions;

in FIG. 11 shows an electric device according to another embodiment, a perspective view with a spatial separation of the parts.

For clarity, identical or similar elements are indicated in all figures by the same numeric positions.

The implementation of the invention

In FIG. 1 is a perspective view and an exploded view of an electrical device according to an embodiment.

In particular, the electrical device is a switch of a passage type, which comprises a movable control element 9, configured to rotate relative to the cap 2 around the axis Δ ₁ orthogonal to the supporting longitudinal axis Δ _L. This rotation is guided by cylindrical tabs 90, made in the lateral direction relative to the control element 9 and designed to interact with the guide holes 28 of the base 2.

After the electrical device is assembled and mounted on a surface of, for example, a wall, the longitudinal axis Δ _L corresponds to an axis that is substantially orthogonal to the wall surface.

This control element 9 comprises a leash 91, one end of which is adapted to rotate the brush 7. This end has, in particular, a “V” shape which locally pushes the upper edge of the brush 7.

In addition, the electrical device 1 contains:

- two first connecting clamps 3,

- the first 4a and second 4b contact, fixed relative to the cap 2 and electrically connected, each with one of the first connecting clamps 3, while the fixed contacts 4 are opposite each other; and

- the second connecting clamp 5, electrically connected to the contact 6, movable relative to the base, while the specified movable contact 6 is made on the brush 7.

The second connecting clamp 5 comprises a backstage 51, which in this case has a “V” section, which supports the brush 7 interacting with its lower edge 71. This interaction of the brush with the backstage 51 provides simultaneously the electrical conductivity of the movable contact with the second connecting clamp 5 and the direction of rotation of the brush 7 relative to the cap 2 around the axis Δ ₂ orthogonal to the supporting longitudinal axis Δ _L and parallel to the axis Δ _{1 of} rotation of the control element 9 (see Fig. 10A, 10B).

The movable contact 6 can alternately occupy two stable positions:

- the first position (see Fig. 10A) in which it is pressed against the first fixed contact 4a and is located at a distance from the second fixed contact 4b; and

- the second position (see Fig. 10B), in which it is pressed against the second fixed contact 4b and is located at a distance from the first fixed contact 4a.

In this case, the state of conductivity or insulation of the brush 7 depends simultaneously on the stable position in which the specified brush 7 is located, as well as on the open or closed state of the corresponding feed-through circuit. Indeed, depending on other similar electrical devices connected to the same electrical circuit, the same stable position can determine the state of conductivity or the state of insulation.

The first and second connecting clamps 3, 5, electrically connected, each with fixed and movable contacts, respectively, are held stationary relative to the cap 2 by means of the intermediate part 40 due to the tight fit of each of them at the level of the first buttress 45 of the intermediate part 40, while the first buttress 45 is made in the longitudinal direction.

In this embodiment, the connection terminals 3, 5 are automatic terminals for providing quick and safe connection of electrical wires. During the connection of electric wires, they automatically enter the clamps under the action of a manual pushing force without the use of a special tool.

To disconnect them, a simple manual press on the push levers 42 is sufficient, each of which is individually and elastically connected to one of the corresponding second buttresses 41.

In addition, the intermediate part 40 is essentially in the form of a vault in which the first and second connecting clamps 3, 5 can interact at the level of its base, while the intermediate part 40 has at its apex aperture 43 through which the leash 91 and the elastic element can pass 8.

This elastic element 8 allows you to apply elastic force to the specified brush 7 in the direction of one or the other of two stable positions. In this case, it is a spring located essentially along the longitudinal axis Δ _L. The elastic element 8 has a first end mounted in a cylindrical cavity or around a cylindrical pin of the control element 9 located on the side of the lead 91, and a second end interacting with the protruding element 75 of the brush 7. Alternatively, the cylindrical pin may be a ball.

This spring is compressed as much as possible when the leash 91 is in line with the longitudinal axis Δ _L , which in this case corresponds to the position in which the movable contact 6 is in a central intermediate position between two fixed contacts 4, that is, in the most unstable position. This allows you to act on the brush in the direction of one or the other of the stable positions.

In this configuration, when the electric device 1 is assembled, manual action on the control element 9 leads through its leash 91 to rotate the brush 7, and this rotation occurs under the elastic action of the elastic element 8 and is limited in its movement when the movable contact 6 comes into contact with one or the other of the fixed contacts 4a, 4b.

The base 2 comprises a substantially flat front wall 21 of a substantially rectangular shape, which has a recess 22 in the central part, into which an intermediate part 40 extends, which is fastened therein by snap fastening by means of side protrusions 44.

This recess 22 is limited by four walls: two side walls 23 and two transverse walls 24, pairwise opposed to each other, and the bottom wall 25 of the rear element 26, so the recess 22 is essentially parallelepiped.

The two side walls 23 of the recesses 22 extending along the longitudinal axis Δ _L each have a flange 27 protruding relative to the front wall 21, while the other two walls 24 are located along the longitudinal axis Δ _L and transversely relative to the specified side walls 23. These sides 27 each containing a substantially circular guide hole 28 for receiving cylindrical legs 90 of the control element 9 therein.

When the intermediate piece 40 is installed in the recess 22, its base is near the bottom wall 25, while its apex is on the side of the front wall 21.

After assembly, one of the first connecting clamps 3 and the second connecting clamp 5 are located next to each other and near one of the transverse walls 24 of the recess 22, while the first connecting clamps 3 are located opposite each other, while the other first connecting clamp 3 is located near the other transverse walls 24.

The brush 7 is formed by a thin substantially flat wall and has a substantially rectangular housing 70 delimited by a lower flange 71, an upper flange 72 and two side flanges 73, 74. In addition, this brush 7 includes:

- the drive foot 10, forming a continuation of the housing 70 is essentially orthogonal to the lower flange 71 and from one side 73 of the side flanges 73, 74; and

- a support foot 76 containing a movable contact and forming a continuation of the housing 70 essentially orthogonal to the upper flange 72 and from the other 74 of the side flanges 73, 74.

The drive foot 10 and the support foot 76 each form an extension of the housing 70 in opposite directions.

The movable contact 6 protrudes on both sides of the support foot 76, that is, the support foot 76 has a movable contact 6 on each of its surfaces, limiting its thickness, which is formed by a thin wall. This configuration provides electrical contacts between the movable contact 6 and one of the fixed contacts 4a, 4b in each of the stable positions of the brush 7.

In addition, the upper flange 72 contains a protruding element 75, with which the second end of the elastic element 8 interacts.

On the brush 7, at the intersection of its lower flange 71 and its drive foot 10, a notch 77 is also provided (see FIGS. 1 and 10A) made in said drive foot 10 and having a substantially elongated shape in the direction of its extension. Such a cutout 77 is intended, in particular, for guiding and changing the passage of the viscous core fluid in the event that it extends longitudinally along said drive foot 10 in order to avoid possible mixing with the lubricant used to rotate the brush 7 in the wings 51. Indeed , such a mixing could adversely affect the kinematics of the details.

The rear element 26 of the base 2 has a receiving part 12 (not visible in this figure), in which a core 11 is installed with the possibility of interaction, mechanically connected with it by mechanical connection with the degree of freedom of rotation, forming a rotary connection, while between the core 11 and the receiving part 12 of the cap 2 is a viscous fluid 13, and the shear stresses of the viscous fluid 13 slow down the movement of the core 11 relative to the cap 2.

In this embodiment, the core 11 is rotatably mounted relative to the receiving portion 12 of the base 2, thus forming a cam.

This interaction of the cam forming core 11 with the receiving part 12 occurs with the help of the rib 14, made along an arc of a circle and interacting with a groove 15, also made along an arc of a circle of greater circumferential length, while the rib 14 is made in one piece with the receiving part 12 of the base 2, and the groove 15 is made in one piece with the core 11 forming a cam.

When the drive foot 10 is actuated, it drives the cam 11 to rotate relative to the cap 2 about an axis of rotation Δ _R parallel to the longitudinal axis Δ _L.

In addition, the core 11 has a cross section forming a portion of the disc extending over an angular sector α substantially equal to 50 degrees and bounded by two walls 20a, 20b forming an opening 20, while the action of the drive foot 10 in the opening 20 on one or the other of of these walls 20a, 20b provides rotation of the specified core 11. This opening is made open essentially radially relative to the cylindrical body of the core 11 and extends in the longitudinal direction along its entire length.

In this embodiment, the base 2 contains a removable plate 18, which holds in the assembled position the core 11, interacting with the receiving part 12 of the base 2, while the removable plate 18 contains the mounting element 19.

In FIG. 2 shows an electrical device 1 according to this embodiment, in particular a perspective and partial exploded view of this electrical device 1, which, compared to FIG. 1 also shows a mounting support 100 forming a frame, and with claddings 110, 130.

In particular, in this case, the electrical device is intended to be installed in a mounting box (not shown), wherein said mounting box is configured to mount said electrical device 1 on a wall, for example, on a wall of a room.

Indeed, in this configuration, the frame-forming mounting support 100 includes a base 101 for mounting on a mounting box substantially along the opening of said mounting box, preferably oriented along the longitudinal axis Δ _L , so that the base 2 can detachably cooperate with the mounting support 100 preferably by snapping in with the fixing tabs 102 and into the indicated mounting box.

Thus, this junction box provides mounting and / or installation of the electrical device 1 in the wall.

In addition, from the side opposite to the recess 22, the front wall 21 of the base contains rigid tabs 210, protruding in the longitudinal direction and forming hooks, each of which is located at the angle of the substantially rectangular front wall 21, and the hooks are oriented in pairwise opposite directions and along diagonals of this rectangular shape to ensure fastening by elastic snap-in of the facing plate 110 forming the facing of the electrical device 1.

In the same way, a cladding 130 of the control element 9 is provided, which is latched by means of elastic tabs 92 protruding in the longitudinal direction with respect to said control elements and oriented in opposite directions.

In FIG. 3 is a cutaway view of an electric device 1 according to the same embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in the assembled position.

In FIG. 4A shows a cap 2 of an electrical device at a level of the rear of said cap and a receiving portion 12 with which core 11 is to interact. FIG. 4B is a detailed view of this receiving portion 12.

The receiving part 12 of the base 2 contains a shaft 16, configured to install on it in the position of the rotary connection and the coaxial cylindrical chamber 17 of the core 11, while the axis of the rotary connection is the axis of rotation Δ _{R of the} cam 11 relative to the receiving part 12 of the base 2, and this axis of rotation Δ _R is essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis Δ _L.

In this configuration, the shaft 16 has the shape of a truncated cone, which facilitates the installation of the core 11 relative to the receiving part 12 of the base 2. The shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the base 2 at the level of its base and has a distal end, while the diameter of its base is larger than the diameter of its distal end .

At the level of its distal end, the shaft 16 has essentially radial protrusions 160, providing an additional direction of the axis, taking into account its truncated conical shape and facilitating the engagement of the core 11 with the shaft 16.

In addition, the receiving part 12 contains a rib 14, and this rib 14 has a section in the plane orthogonal to the axis of the shaft 16 in the form of an arc of a circle extending over an angular sector substantially equal to 250 degrees and located coaxially with this axis of rotation Δ _R.

The shaft 16 and the rib 14 are located in a substantially cylindrical cavity 120 defined by a wall 123 that is coaxial with respect to the axis of the shaft 16, the cavity further comprising a substantially flat bottom 124 orthogonal to the axis of the shaft 16.

The wall 123 of the cylindrical cavity 120 extends in a circumferential region of less than 360 degrees, therefore, this cavity has a side opening 125 on the side and on the side opposite to the rib 14 relative to the axis of the shaft 16.

The rear element 26 includes a passage 126 extending in the longitudinal direction through the specified rear element 26 of the base 2, and this passage extends at the level of the bottom 124 of the cavity 120 and from the side of the side opening 125 of the specified cavity 120. This passage 126 is intended for passage through it of the drive foot 10 brushes 7 for driving the cam-forming core 11.

In FIG. 5A is a bottom view of the cap 2 of the electric device 1 according to this embodiment, in which the core 11 is arranged to interact with the receiving part 12 of the cap 2. In particular, in FIG. 5B is a perspective and cross-sectional view taken along line AA of this FIG. 5A.

The core 11 contains a housing located along the longitudinal axis Δ _L , and has in the plane orthogonal to this longitudinal axis Δ _L , a section forming a portion of the disk extending on the angular sector α, essentially equal to 330 degrees (see Fig. 7), and bounded by two walls 20a, 20b forming an opening 20, while the action of the drive foot 10 in the opening 20 and on one or the other of these walls 20a, 20b leads to the rotation of the specified core 11.

In addition, the core 11 contains in the center a cylindrical chamber 17, designed to be coaxial with the shaft 16 so that the axis of the resulting rotary connection is the axis of rotation Δ _{R of the} cam 11 relative to the receiving part 12 of the base 2, and this axis of rotation Δ _R on essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis Δ _L.

In addition, the core 11 and the receiving part 12 of the base 2 contain two separate working surfaces 111, 112, 121, 122, while each of the working surfaces 111, 112 of the core 11 is opposite one of the working surfaces 121, 122 of the receiving part 12 of the base 2 which pairwise limit the space e ₁ , e ₂ into which the viscous fluid 13 is poured (see also FIGS. 4B and 10A).

In particular, in this case, two working surfaces 111, 112 limit the width of the groove 15, and two working surfaces 121, 122 of the receiving part 12 of the base limit the thickness of the ribs 14.

In this embodiment, when the core 11 interacts with the receiving part 12 of the base 2, the space e ₁ between the working surfaces 111, 121 of the cam 11 and the receiving part 12 is 0.1 mm, and the space e ₂ between the working surfaces 112, 122 of the cam 11 and the receiving part 12 is 0.1 mm

In FIG. 6A is a side view of the cap of an electric device according to this embodiment, and FIG. 6B is a sectional view taken along line BB of this FIG. 6A in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis Δ _L , while the core 11 is installed with the possibility of interaction with the receiving part 12 of the base 2.

In FIG. 7 is a detailed front view of a core cooperating with a receiving portion of a cap according to this embodiment.

In this figure, the core 11 interacts with the receiving part 12 of the base 2. In addition, an excess of viscous fluid 13 is shown which must exit from the space between the rib 14 and the groove 15. Thus, in this case, the excess viscous fluid is released between the outer cylindrical casing forming the cam of the core 11 and the wall 123 bounding the cylindrical cavity 120 of the receiving part 12.

The space formed between the wall 123 of the cylindrical cavity and the cylindrical casing of the core 11 is essentially constant along the contour of the specified cylindrical casing of the core, and this space is reduced at the level of the opening 20 of the core and the side opening 125 of the cylindrical cavity 120.

In addition, the cylindrical cavity 120 is located in the recess 180, and this recess 180 is closed by a removable plate 18.

This removable plate 18 allows, in particular, to hold in the assembled position the core 11, which interacts with the receiving part 12 of the base 2. In this configuration, the cam-forming core 11 is in a sliding rotary connection around the shaft 16 and is held on both sides by the bottom 124 of the cylindrical cavity and the removable plate 18.

In addition, in the operating position, the outer contour defining the groove 15 of the core 11 abuts against the bottom 124 of the cylindrical cavity 120, providing a seal for viscous fluid.

Thus, the core 11 is removable relative to the cap 2 and can be removed. In other words, the core 11 is not isolated in the enclosed inner space of the cap 2, but in this embodiment is located in a cylindrical cavity 120 extending outward of the cap, and this cavity can be separably closed using a removable plate 18. In addition, this core 11 is not rigidly connected with a control element that allows them to separate.

Such a distinguishing feature is of interest when using the electrical device 1 in a country having other standards. So, the electrical device 1 can differ from one country to another simply by the presence or absence of the core 11, while the design and manufacture are identical except for the installation of the core 11 in the receiving part 12 of the base 2.

This removable plate 18 has protrusions on its rim, securing it with snap fastening at the level of the contour of the recess 180.

In addition, the recess 180 is essentially a parallelepiped in the shape of a rectangular section and has the width and opposite to the passage 126 of a local narrowing formed by longitudinal protrusions 192, while the local cross-section of the recess is at the level of this narrowing in the form of a “T” with which interact installation element 19, made in one piece with a removable plate 18.

In addition, the core has a protrusion 113, made radially relative to the axis of symmetry of its cylindrical chamber 17 and located opposite its opening 20. This protrusion can be used to control the core 11.

In FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a cap on which, according to this embodiment, a removable plate 18 is attached, and in particular, a mounting member 19 is shown in detail.

This mounting element is formed by two protrusions 191, orthogonal to the removable plate 18, which is essentially flat, and these protrusions have each section in the form of an “L” and are located symmetrically with the possibility of interaction with the recess 180 at the level of its narrowing and, therefore, with the possibility of interaction by landing between the two inner walls of the specified recess and the longitudinal protrusions 192.

In FIG. 9A, 9B and 10A, 10B show a portion of an electric device 1 according to this embodiment in two different stable positions:

- in FIG. 9A and 10A show a first stable position in which the movable contact 6 is pressed against the first fixed contact 4a and is at a distance from the second fixed contact 4b; and

- in FIG. 9B and 10B show a second stable position in which the movable contact 6 is pressed against the second fixed contact 4b and is at a distance from the first fixed contact 4a.

In particular, in FIG. 9A and 9B show an assembled part of an electrical device 1 comprising a control element 9, a brush 7, a core 11, and first and second connection clamps 3, 5. To simplify the drawing in FIG. 10A and 10B, the control element is not shown.

When the user uses an electrical device 1 type of switch, he presses the control element with his hand so as to turn it. During its rotation around the axis of rotation Δ _1, orthogonal to the reference longitudinal axis Δ _L, he rotates the brush around the axis of rotation Δ ₂ which is orthogonal to the reference longitudinal axis Δ _L and parallel to the axis of rotation Δ _1, with axis Δ ₁ is level above the axis Δ ₂ with respect to the longitudinal axis Δ _L.

During its movement, the drive foot 10 of the brush 7 drives the cam core 11 to rotate around the axis of rotation Δ _R parallel to the longitudinal axis Δ _L , due to the pushing force that the drive foot acts on one or the other of the longitudinal walls 20a, 20b and forming the opening 20.

Thus, in order to rotate the brush 7 from the first stable position to the second stable position, the following steps are carried out:

- at the first stage, the drive foot 10 of the brush 7 is in a resting position and rests on one 20a of the walls 20a, 20b forming the opening, while the other wall 20b is considered “cocked” (see Figs. 9A and 10A);

- at the second stage after the user’s action, during its rotation, the brush 7 passes through the central point at which the elastic element 8 acts on the specified brush in such a way that it corresponds to the most unstable position of the brush 7, in which the control element 9 and the brush 7 are half the course of its turn;

- in the third stage, after passing the center point, the drive foot 10 of the brush 7 comes into contact with another so-called “cocked” wall 20b of the core opening 20, and this step follows the stage of the most unstable position by means of a spring, and therefore the brush 7 has the maximum energy, while the specified brush 7 is called "energetic";

- in the fourth stage, the core 11 begins to rotate as a result of the rotation of the brush 7 at the moment when the specified drive foot 10 has come into contact with the wall 20b, at this stage, the shift of the viscous fluid 13 between the rib 14 and the groove 15 inhibits the specified core, while the brush 7 experiences braking to its final stroke when the movable contact 6 comes to the stop position in the corresponding stationary contact 4b, while the other wall 20a is “cocked” (see Figs. 9B and 10B).

Thus, during use, the brush 7 comes into contact with the cocked wall only when it passes through the center point.

In addition, the core 11 is not rotated during the entire movement of the control element 9. Thus, a viscous fluid affects the braking of the specified control element 9 intermittently, eliminating any soft effect during its use.

The core 11 allows the brush 7 to perform its full stroke between two stable positions, which allows to obtain contact pressure between the movable contact 6 and the fixed contacts 4, taking into account the wear of these fixed 4a, 4b and the movable 4a of the contacts, while the stroke of the brush increases with wear.

Indeed, as a rule, this wear depends on the number of inclusions and on the return force of the spring. In particular, the greater the stiffness of the spring, the more energy it accumulates and, after passing through the central point, sharply enhances the movement, which leads to an increase in noise due to wear of the stationary 4a, 4b and movable 6 contacts and to rebound phenomena between the contacts, resulting in microscopic electric arcs, causing the sticking phenomenon between the indicated contacts, depending on the strength of the electric current.

The core 11 allows you to solve all these problems and, regardless of the necessary spring stiffness, slow down and significantly limit wear between the contacts, as well as eliminate the phenomenon of rebounds and sticking. The service life of such an electrical device is increased.

In addition, the efficiency of such switches is increased because the material of the movable 6 and the fixed contacts 4a, 4b wears out less or a local coating, such as a silver layer, is usually applied to ensure good electrical conductivity at the level of these contacts.

Such an electrical device allows us to solve the problem of attenuation of noise due to the shear effect of viscous fluid 13 and the problem of efficiency and strength, while remaining simple, and it can be easily adapted depending on various current standards.

In addition, the braking moment can be adjusted depending on various parameters, and these parameters are mainly materials of the core 11 and the receiving part 12 of the base 2, in particular the groove 15 and the ribs 14, spaces e ₁ , e ₂ separating the working surfaces 111, 121 and 112, 122, or the amount of fluid, its viscosity, and / or the condition of said working surfaces 111, 112, 121, 122.

So, the smaller these spaces e ₁ , e ₂ , the greater the shift effect. Similarly, the greater the viscosity of the fluid 13, the greater the shear effect.

In addition, this shear effect is independent of the wear of 2 fixed 4a, 4b and movable contacts.

On the other hand, the control element 9, the brush 7 and the core 11 form together a kinematic chain that provides a transmission of movement, essentially comparable to a mechanism such as a gear transmission or system of levers in the sense that you can resize these rotating parts to change the gear ratio. In the presented embodiment, each of the parts plays the role of a lever arm, the dimensions of which allow you to change the speed of their rotation and manual force, which must act on the control element. Thus, it is possible to easily adapt the dimensions of the control element 9, the drive foot 10 of the brush 7 and the core to parameterize their rotation speeds relative to each other.

In FIG. 11 shows an electrical device 1 according to another embodiment. In particular, this embodiment is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1-10, mainly due to the fact that the rib 14 is made in one piece with the core 11 forming a cam, and the groove 15 is made in one piece with the receiving part 12 of the socle 2.

The invention has been described as an example, and one skilled in the art may envision various versions of the implementation without departing from the scope of the invention.

For example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the mechanism of such an electrical device, such as a through switch, can be easily adapted to an electrical device such as a simple switch. In this case, it is enough to remove one of the first connecting clamps 3, as well as the corresponding fixed contact 4a or 4b. In this configuration, the elastic element acts on the brush in the direction of two stable positions, each of which defines one of two stable states.

In addition, the mechanism of the electrical device according to another embodiment may be a push button switch. In this case, the elastic element acts on the brush in the direction of only one stable position, depending on use and using, for example, a special cam that alternately determines the state of conductivity or the state of insulation.

As a rule, the elastic element allows you to act on the specified brush in the direction of at least one stable position and in the direction of one or the other of the two stable states, respectively, the state of conductivity and the state of insulation.

In addition, the movement of the core by the drive foot may differ, providing the same function. For example, in an alternative embodiment, the interaction of the foot with the opening can be replaced by a drive foot having a shape similar to that of the lead 91 of the control element 9, the end of which in the form of a "V" interacts with the protrusion of the core, for example with the protrusion 113, for rotation in one or the other direction.

On the other hand, as indicated above, the dimensions of the parts can be adapted without going beyond the scope of the invention.

Claims (35)

1. An electrical device (1), comprising: - basement (2), at least one first connecting clip (3), - at least one contact (4), fixed relative to the base (2) and electrically connected to the specified first connecting clamp (3), - at least one second connection clamp (5), - at least one contact (6) movable relative to the cap (2), - a conductive brush (7) on which said movable contact (6) is made and which is electrically connected to said second connecting clip (5), - an elastic element (8) for acting on said brush (7) in the direction of one or the other of two stable states, respectively, of the conductivity state in which said movable contact (6) is pressed against said fixed contact (4), and the insulation state, in wherein said movable contact (6) is at a distance from said fixed contact (4), and - a control element (9), movable relative to the base (2) and made with the possibility of setting in motion the brush (7), characterized in that the brush (7) contains the drive foot (10), configured to move the core (11), while the specified core (11) interacts with the receiving part (12) of the base (2), forming together with it a mechanical connection with the degree of freedom in translational motion and / or rotation, while between the core (11) and the receiving part (12) of the base (2) there is a viscous fluid (13), and the shear stresses of the viscous fluid (13) slow down the movement of the core (11) with respect to the cap (2). 2. An electrical device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that both the core (11) and the receiving part (12) of the base (2) contain at least one working surface (111, 112, 121, 122) each (111, 112) against each other (121, 122), restricting the space (e ₁ , e ₂ ) in which the viscous fluid (13) is located. 3. An electrical device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that both the core (11) and the receiving part (12) of the base (2) have two separate working surfaces (111, 112, 121, 122), each of which the working surfaces (111, 112) of the core (11) is opposite one of the working surfaces (121, 122) of the receiving part (12) of the base (2), which pairwise limit the space (e ₁ , e ₂ ) in which the viscous fluid is located (13). 4. An electrical device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the space (e ₁ , e ₂ ) between the working surfaces (111, 121; 112, 122) is from 0.05 to 0.2 mm. 5. An electrical device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the space (e ₁ , e ₂ ) between the working surfaces (111, 121; 112, 122) is from 0.05 to 0.2 mm. 6. An electrical device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the core (11) interacts with the receiving part (12) of the base (2), forming with it a rotary connection in which the core (11) forms a cam. 7. An electrical device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the core (11) interacts with the receiving part (12) of the base (2), forming with it a rotary connection in which the core (11) forms a cam. 8. An electrical device (1) of claim 3, characterized in that the core (11) interacts with the receiving part (12) of the base (2), forming with it a rotary connection in which the core (11) forms a cam. 9. An electrical device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the core (11) interacts with the receiving part (12) of the base (2), forming with it a rotary connection in which the core (11) forms a cam. 10. An electrical device (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the core (11) interacts with the receiving part (12) of the base (2), forming with it a rotary connection in which the core (11) forms a cam. 11. The electrical device (1) according to any one of paragraphs. 6-10, characterized in that the core (11) forming the cam and the receiving part (12) of the base (2) interact with each other using ribs (14) interacting with the groove (15). 12. An electrical device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the rotation of the core (11) forming a cam with the receiving part (12) of the base (2) is guided by a shaft (16) in a rotary connection in a cylindrical chamber (17), the axis of the rotary connection is the axis of rotation (Δ _R ) of the core (11) relative to the receiving part (12) of the base (2). 13. An electrical device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the rib (14) is made in one piece with the receiving part (12) of the base (2), and the groove (15) is made in one piece with the core (11), forming a cam. 14. An electrical device (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the rib (14) is made in one piece with the receiving part (12) of the base (2), and the groove (15) is made in one piece with the core (11), forming a cam. 15. An electrical device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the rib (14) is made in one piece with the core (11) forming a cam, and the groove (15) is made in one piece with the receiving part (12) of the base ( 2). 16. An electrical device (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the rib (14) is made in one piece with the core (11) forming a cam, and the groove (15) is made in one piece with the receiving part (12) of the base ( 2). 17. The electrical device (1) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-10, 12-16, characterized in that the core (11) is removable. 18. An electrical device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the core (11) is removable. 19. The electrical device (1) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-10, 12-16, characterized in that the base (2) contains a removable plate (18) for holding in the assembled position of the core (11), interacting with the receiving part (12) of the base (2). 20. An electrical device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the base (2) comprises a removable plate (18) for holding in the assembled position the core (11) interacting with the receiving part (12) of the base (2). 21. An electrical device (1) according to claim 19, characterized in that the removable plate (18) comprises a mounting element (19). 22. An electrical device (1) according to claim 20, characterized in that the removable plate (18) comprises a mounting element (19). 23. The electrical device (1) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-10, 12-16, 18, 20-22, characterized in that the core (11) has a cross section forming a portion of the disk extending on an angular sector (α) strictly exceeding 180 degrees and bounded by two walls (20a, 20b ) forming an aperture (20), while the action of the drive foot (10) in the aperture (20) and on one or the other of these walls (20a, 20b) provides rotation of the specified core (11). 24. An electrical device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the core (11) has a cross section forming a portion of the disk extending over an angular sector (α) strictly exceeding 180 degrees and bounded by two walls (20a, 20b), forming an aperture (20), while the action of the drive foot (10) in the aperture (20) and on one or the other of these walls (20a, 20b) provides rotation of the specified core (11). 25. An electrical device (1) according to claim 17, characterized in that the core (11) has a cross section forming a portion of the disk extending over an angular sector (α) strictly exceeding 180 degrees and bounded by two walls (20a, 20b), forming an aperture (20), while the action of the drive foot (10) in the aperture (20) and on one or the other of these walls (20a, 20b) provides rotation of the specified core (11). 26. An electrical device (1) according to claim 19, characterized in that the core (11) has a cross section forming a portion of the disk extending over an angular sector (α) strictly exceeding 180 degrees and bounded by two walls (20a, 20b), forming an aperture (20), while the action of the drive foot (10) in the aperture (20) and on one or the other of these walls (20a, 20b) provides rotation of the specified core (11).

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