RU2645202C2 - Chemical toilet, installed on surface - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: human vital needs satisfaction.

SUBSTANCE: chemical toilet is installed on the surface and contains a reservoir (102), a plurality of containers (104) located in the reservoir (102) for organic waste collection and composting, and a cover (106) to close the reservoir (102) and the containers (104) and comprising a removable seat (108). Chemical toilet construction according to this invention also comprises a transfer means to facilitate the movement of containers in the reservoir, allowing the container (104) filled during application to be pushed to the side, while the container (104) adjacent to the moved container (104) becomes available for emptying from wastes that have been composted for the longest period of time and for installation for further use.

EFFECT: provision of a chemical toilet installed on the surface and characterized by simple operation and emptying.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

In general, the invention relates to a dry closet. More specifically, the invention relates to a dry closet mounted on a surface.

State of the art

Municipal infrastructure, in particular the sewage system, is normal and necessary in cities and suburban areas, but it can be expensive to use in rural areas. In particular, in summer cottages there is usually no wastewater treatment system, so you have to use other methods of managing organic waste, in particular, feces.

Several different types of solutions are known for garden toilets and toilets, however, the known solutions have a number of disadvantages. Typical garden latrines must be installed separately from the main building, which makes them inconvenient for use. Their content is also labor intensive, since liquids and solid waste are usually collected in a container or in a pit dug in the ground. If a garden toilet of this kind requires emptying, all collected waste must be disposed of simultaneously, regardless of the degree of decomposition of this waste. The emptying process can take a lot of effort if all the waste is collected in one container. Accordingly, a smaller container is easier to empty, but it requires more frequent emptying. In addition, garden latrines can emit a very unpleasant odor, and slowly decaying waste masses create a good environment for the reproduction of bacteria and insects, in particular earthworms and flies, which are unpleasant and create hygienic problems.

Dry closets eliminate some of the shortcomings of garden restrooms. Dry closets typically contain a separation system to separate liquid from solid waste, which reduces odors and can prevent the reproduction of insects. Unfortunately, well-known solutions of dry closets may require large alterations of the building structure due to the fact that toilet waste is placed in one or more containers. So, for example, openings in the floor or in the wall / walls may be required and / or in the room a height exceeding the normal height of the room may be required. In dry closets containing several waste containers, it may be difficult to replace the containers and remove the waste container, and they may require access to the space containing the containers from the outside of the toilet, which may prevent the toilet from being installed inside the house.

Disclosure of invention

The present invention is such a solution that eliminates the above disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, the invention allows to obtain a dry closet, which is installed on the surface and is easy to operate and empty.

The objective of the invention is solved in accordance with the characteristics described in the independent claim.

A dry closet mounted on a surface according to the present invention is characterized by the characteristics described in paragraph 1 of the claims.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the construction of a dry closet mounted on a surface comprises a reservoir, several containers located in the reservoir and intended for collecting and composting organic waste, and a lid that serves to close the reservoir and containers and includes a removable seat, wherein said closet construction contains moving means to facilitate the movement of containers in the tank.

The moving means comprises a bearing structure, in particular bearings which are integrated in the bottom of the containers, and in another embodiment, grooves are provided in the bottom of the tank for the respective bearings installed in the bottom of the containers.

In one embodiment, the structure comprises liquid separation means for separating liquids from solid waste. In another embodiment, the means for separating the liquid contains at least one hole made in the bottom of the container to allow fluid to flow out. This embodiment allows the liquid to exit the container also during composting, which can improve the composting process and eliminate odors. In another embodiment, the liquid separation means also comprises a separate liquid container.

In an embodiment, the method of emptying the dry closet container according to the present invention comprises the steps of removing the seat from the lid to open an opening in the lid, moving the first container located directly below the opening to the side using a moving means, which causes the second container located next to the first container to move under the hole, lifting the second container from the tank to empty it, returning the second container after it is empty to the tank and installing have seats on the cover.

Some preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

The present invention has significant advantages over prior art solutions. The dry closet according to the present invention can be easily installed inside the house and the toilet. It does not require any changes in the design of the house, i.e. there is no need to provide openings in the floor or walls for the toilet. It is preferably made of lightweight and durable material, therefore it has a low weight when empty and can be moved to the right place without any effort.

The dry closet according to the present invention is easy to operate. The containers and the tank of the dry closet are designed in such a way that moving the container in the tank is simple and may not require a lot of force.

In the dry closet according to the present invention, the composting process can be effectively implemented. If you divide the entire volume of the container into several independent parts, then different containers may contain waste at different stages of composting. At the same time, only one container may need to be emptied at a time, the contents of which will be completely decomposed, while the other containers will remain in operation. Containers containing compostable waste can be covered with a suitable lid, which reduces the spread of odor in the environment.

In addition, the emptying process may take less time and may be less time consuming if only one container is emptied.

The removed seat opens a corresponding hole in the lid, which provides the user with easy access to move the container to be emptied into a convenient position immediately below the hole and to lift it out of the tank. Dividing the volume of the tank between several containers allows you to get a light weight container for lifting, which simplifies the process of emptying, for example, to perform it by older people.

The construction according to the present invention does not require additional openings, since the opening provided in the lid is used both for mounting the seat and for emptying the container. However, this design also does not require any holes in the wall.

The term “organic waste” in this application refers to any compostable material, in particular to feces, food waste, foliage and pruning of garden plants.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The following is a more detailed description of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which

figure 1 - components of a dry closet according to a variant implementation of the present invention,

figure 2 is a view in cross section of a dry closet according to a variant implementation of the present invention,

figure 3 is a top view of a dry closet according to a variant implementation of the present invention,

4 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for emptying a container according to the present invention.

The implementation of the invention

Figure 1 shows the components of the dry closet, and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a dry closet according to an embodiment of the present invention. A dry closet 100 mounted on a surface comprises a reservoir 102, a row of containers 104 and a lid 106 containing a seat 108. The structure of the present invention also includes moving means for moving containers 104 in the reservoir 102.

The components of the dry closet according to the present invention are preferably made of a light and durable material, in particular, but not necessarily, plastic. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that all or some of the components may also be made of some other suitable material, and, if required, some of the components may be made of material other than others.

In one embodiment, the reservoir 102 is configured such that the bottom of the reservoir 102 has a circular cross-section for mounting containers 104. Other components, such as, for example, a fluid container, may also be located in the reservoir 102. In one embodiment, the reservoir 102 comprises ventilation means or, for example, an opening opening 110 provided in the tank for external ventilation. In another embodiment, the reservoir comprises, for example, a hole (s) for overflowing liquid from the reservoir 102 into the outer container.

The containers 104 for collecting and composting organic waste are located in the tank 102. The total volume of the containers may vary depending on the embodiments, however, it is preferably, for example, 60 L to 150 L, more preferably, for example, 90 L to 120 L, most preferably 100 l - 110 l. The containers are preferably in the shape of a sector, thus the containers 104 installed in the tank with a circular cross-section form a circular cylinder in it. The number of containers may vary depending on the embodiment and the total volume of the tank, but usually 3-4 containers are installed in the tank. The containers located in the tank may have different volumes, however, preferably all containers have the same volume.

Figure 3 shows a top view of a dry closet according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this case, one container is simultaneously used. The container used is located in the tank directly under the seat, as can be seen in FIG. At the same time, other containers in the tank may contain compostable waste in various stages of decomposition. When the used container is filled, it is moved in the tank, so another container becomes used. This other container may need to be disposed of with compost waste before use. The movement maneuver is preferably carried out by means of a pivoting movement. The direction of rotation can be clockwise or counterclockwise. So, for example, in an embodiment using clockwise rotation, the container located to the right of the used container may contain waste that decomposes over the longest period of time and will be emptied first. In one embodiment, rotation is only possible in one direction and is blocked in the other. This eliminates the confusion of containers.

At the same time, a lid 106 is provided for closing the tank and containers in the tank. In one embodiment, the lid 106 is fixedly mounted in the tank 102, and in another embodiment, the lid is removably mounted on the tank. The cover 106 comprises a seat 108 which is removably attached to the cover 106. The size of the seat is chosen so that when removing the seat in the lid, an adequate opening (106 ') opens to move the containers in the tank and / or to remove the container from the tank to empty it and return to the tank for use. In one embodiment, the seat may comprise means to facilitate its removal from the lid, in particular the handle / s.

The dry closet according to the present invention also contains a means of movement provided in the tank to facilitate the movement of containers in the tank. In one embodiment, the moving means is a bearing device that comprises bearings 112 integrated in the bottom of the containers to allow movement of the containers in the tank (see FIGS. 1 and 2). The number of bearings 112 in the bottom of the tank may vary, however, preferably, for example, 4-9 bearings, more preferably, for example 6-7 bearings, are provided in the bottom of one container. The bearings are preferably mounted on the bottom of the container so that they are evenly distributed. The weight of the container is also evenly distributed between the bearings and the movement of the container in the tank can be smoother. Bearings can be arranged in several rows so that the outer arc of the bottom of the container, having the shape of a sector, contains the largest number of bearings, and the inner arc contains the smallest number of bearings.

In another embodiment, a system of grooves 114 is provided in the bottom of the tank 102, which form guides for the respective bearings 112 mounted in the bottom of the container 104. In yet another embodiment, a groove system is also provided in the bottom of the containers 104. The tank as well as the containers forming a circle together may have groove systems in the form of several circles. The task of the groove system is to direct the movement of containers in the tank and facilitate their movement. At the bottom of the groove 116, if you look at the container upside down, as shown in figure 1, can be installed bearing. In this case, the bearings are placed on the protruding part between the two grooves.

The movement of the containers in the tank is preferably a rotary movement in a circle. Since the containers together form a circle, the groove systems in the bottom of the tank and in the bottom of the containers also form circles, so when the container moves in the tank, it rotates in a circle, pushing the adjacent container in a circle forward.

In another embodiment, the transfer means comprises a disc at the bottom of the reservoir on which the containers are mounted. The specified disk preferably contains in the lower part of the rolling means, in particular bearings, rollers, etc., which provides the rotation of the disk relative to the vertical axis, as well as the rotation of the containers mounted on the disk.

In one embodiment, the dry closet according to the present invention also comprises a device for moving containers in the tank, in particular, but without limitation, an engine, a gear and a crank connected to it, in particular a handle. The container may also have a handle for lifting it and to facilitate movement in the tank.

In yet another embodiment, the dry closet also comprises a liquid separation means for separating liquid from solid waste. For specialists in the art it is obvious that the means for separating the liquid can be manufactured in several different ways. In one embodiment, the container comprises at least one opening for draining liquid from the container. This hole may be provided in the bottom of the container and / or in the side wall of the container. In the latter case, the opening is preferably made at a low level so that a significant amount of liquid cannot be stored in the container and that excess liquid necessarily leaves the container.

The reservoir may comprise an additional fluid container, or a passage may be provided in the reservoir for fluid to enter the fluid container. At the bottom of the reservoir, one or more grooves forming a fluid channel can be formed, wherein said grooves can comprise one or more openings for the passage of fluid into the fluid container.

In one embodiment, the container comprises an additional lid for closing the container during the composting phase. When using the container, the lid is, of course, removed.

4 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for emptying a container 400 according to the present invention. At operation 402, the seat is removed from the cover to open a hole in the cover. In operation 404, the first container located directly below the hole (106 ') is moved to the side with a moving means, which causes the second container located next to the first container to move under the hole (106'). As described above, the rotation can be carried out in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, however, it must always occur in the same direction. This ensures that the container replacing the container pushed to the side contains waste that has been composted for the longest period of time, and therefore can be completely decomposed waste.

At operation 405, the second container is lifted from the tank to empty it. The container may contain a tool to facilitate its lifting, for example a handle that can be pushed to the side when the container is located in the tank. In operation 408, after emptying the second container, it is again returned to the reservoir through the opening. And finally, in operation 410, the seat is mounted on the lid, after which the dry closet will be ready for use again.

The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, together with its equivalents. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a unique description of the embodiments is provided for illustrative purposes only and the scope of the invention includes other embodiments, combinations of embodiments, and equivalents that are better suited to each particular application of the invention.

Claims (11)

1. Dry closet (100), mounted on the surface and containing: reservoir (102), several containers (104) located in the tank (102) for collecting and composting organic waste, a cover (106), which serves to close the tank (102) and containers (104) and contains a removable seat (108), wherein the construction of the dry closet contains a means of movement to facilitate the movement of containers (104) in the tank (102), characterized in that the conveyance means is a bearing structure that comprises bearings (112) embedded in the bottom of the containers (104) to allow movement of the containers (104) in the tank, however, the bearing design also contains a groove system (114), which is provided in the bottom of the tank (102) to direct the movement of the corresponding bearings (112) installed in the bottom of the containers (104). 2. Dry closet (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the containers (104) located in the reservoir (102) together form a circular cylinder. 3. Dry closet (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said dry closet comprises a liquid separation means for separating liquids from solid waste. 4. A dry closet (100) of claim 3, characterized in that the liquid separation means comprises at least one opening provided in the container to allow liquid to exit the container (104). 5. Dry closet (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that the means for separating the liquid contains a separate container for liquids.

Images