RU2642029C2 - Device for extinguishing forest fires - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: means of ensuring safety.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fire fighting equipment, in particular to devices for extinguishing forest fires with water (extinguishing liquid) from air, mounted on amphibious aircraft. Essence of claimed invention lies in that the amphibian aircraft is equipped with a device consisting of two vertically arranged cases. Device is mounted inside the boat hull of seaplane. Containers are placed in the cases, said containers being filled with a fire extinguishing liquid (water). Containers are filled with water from natural reservoirs using two water intake devices built in the bottom of the seaplane, said containers also serve as a conduit for raising seawater. In the planning mode of the seaplane, water passes the water intake device/conduit and, under the pressure of its high-speed head, enters the tanks. After filling the containers with water, the water is mixed with solid chemical extinguishing agents in flight, and the containers are sealed. When the seaplane approaches the fire, both containers are exactly released onto the fire source. Entire volume is 100 % delivered to the burning surface.

EFFECT: technical result of the invention is high efficiency of extinguishing forest fires using amphibian aircraft due to precise release of the extinguishing liquid (water) packed in sealed biodegradable containers.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment, and in particular to devices for extinguishing forest fires with water or fire extinguishing liquid from air, installed on amphibious aircraft.

A device for extinguishing forest fires is known, including an aggregate stuffed with a fire extinguishing agent discharged from an aircraft, a cartridge with small-sized elements is used as an aggregate, according to the invention, small-sized elements are capable of condensing and storing atmospheric water during flight time due to their design during penetration of ascending air currents from a fire, penetrate to combustion products, explode with the formation of an extinguishing cloud consisting of a small-sized body th element gathered atmospheric water sorbents, and blast wave [RF patent №2536240. IPC A62C 3/02. Publ. 12/20/2014. Bull. No. 35]. The known device has a number of significant disadvantages. Detonating and explosive substances mounted in the device pose an increased danger to others. It is also characterized by the high cost of manufacturing and operation, requires the storage of specially equipped, guarded premises.

It is also known a device designed to extinguish forest fires using an aircraft, in which at the same time delivered a metal mesh when folded (in the form of a roll) and a fire extinguishing composition. When approaching the aircraft to the fire, the mesh is reset, quickly straightens in the air and closes the area of the fire, after which the named metal mesh is irrigated from the aircraft [RF patent No. 2319527. IPC A62C 3/02. Publ. 03/20/2008. Bull. No. 8]. The known device has several significant disadvantages. The device is characterized by high cost in production and operation (high cost of renting a helicopter). In addition, its use is associated with the risks of the aircraft operating in a smoky environment, in dense ascending flows from a fire, in which solid burning inclusions randomly move.

A device for extinguishing a fire with the closest in technical essence to the proposed invention characteristics. It is the spillway device selected as a prototype, which is equipped with the Canadian amphibious seaplane CL-215. This amphibious aircraft is designed, built and operated only to extinguish forest fires [http://www.nauka-tehnika.com.ua/nt/article/gidrosamolety/page/2].

However, the known device has a significant drawback. The CL-215 amphibious fire-fighting seaplane, equipped with a device for draining extinguishing liquid into a fire, draws water in the volume of 5.5 meters cubic during the execution of cycles (collection, discharge). When draining at high speeds (exceeding 200 km / h) as a result of the action of an incoming air stream, the liquid being poured breaks up to the state of aerosols, and most of it evaporates before reaching the surface. The evaporation process is especially enhanced at low humidity.

Thus, studies conducted during the tests of the An-32P tanker aircraft showed that at a drainage height of 40 m at a speed of 230 km / h, at 80% air humidity, evaporation losses are up to 10%, and at a humidity of 60% they increase to 50% . A similar problem of extinguishing fluid loss exists for helicopter spillway devices (APU). When draining from a Mi-8T helicopter, up to 30% is lost due to the finely divided part of the water, another 20-30% remains on the branches and crowns of the upper canopy of trees. Thus, when using the CL-215 amphibious seaplane and helicopter spillway devices, non-production losses of extinguishing fluid can reach 60%. That is, of the total volume of liquid poured on the burning surface can reach only half or even less [http://www.nauka-tehnika.com.ua/nt/article/gidrosamolety/page/2].

The essence of the claimed invention is that the amphibian seaplane is equipped with a device consisting of two vertically arranged cases. The device is mounted inside the hull of a seaplane boat. The cases contain containers that are filled with fire extinguishing liquid (water). Filling containers with water from natural reservoirs is provided by two water intake devices mounted in the bottom of the seaplane; they also serve as a water supply system for lifting sea water. In the planing mode of a seaplane, water passes through a water intake device and, under the pressure of its velocity head, enters the tank. After filling containers with water, in flight it is mixed in a container with solid chemical fire extinguishing agents, and containers are sealed. When approaching a seaplane to a fire, both containers are pointwise discharged to the source of ignition.

An essential feature of the invention is the principle of a mechanism for withdrawing water while gliding a seaplane over a water surface. During a run through the water, the intake-receiving device in the form of a receiving pipe is pulled down from the bottom of the seaplane, through which, under the influence of the hydrodynamic forces of the incoming flow, the water rises along the vertical gutter into the internal tanks of the seaplane.

The mechanism for lifting, placing the volume of water and its subsequent discharge provides for:

1. Boarding water seaplane.

2. Packing it in airtight containers of biodegradable material.

3. Sealed containers are dumped into the fire through a special hatch in the bottom of the seaplane.

Water discharged from the inventive device in a hermetically sealed container, all 100% is delivered to a burning surface. In addition, when a container with water hits the ground under the influence of hydrodynamic forces that create significant pressure inside the container, it breaks and forms a water-air shock wave, which knocks down the flame and has an additional fire extinguishing effect.

In FIG. A device for the intake, packaging and discharge of water for a fire is shown. The device contains two tank cases 1, the cases are arranged vertically, fastened with a flange connection to the bottom of the hull of the seaplane boat 2. Aluminum intake pipes 3 are mounted in the bottom, consisting of a water intake unit 4 in the lower part and an inlet 5 in the upper part. Disposable biodegradable containers are placed inside the case-tanks, into which a certain volume of water 6 enters through the water intake device. There is a hole in the bottom of the case-tank 1, which is closed by a hinged lid 7, equipped with an electromagnetic lock 8, which provides instant point discharge of containers to the fire. The electromagnetic lock control is displayed on the RUS (aircraft control stick) in the form of a button 9.

The principle of operation of the device is as follows. An amphibious seaplane, filled with a full volume of fuel, solid chemical fire extinguishing agents, equipped with the necessary number of biodegradable containers, takes off from the base hydrodrome or land aerodrome and flies on patrol according to the plan-task. When a forest fire is detected, the aircraft lands on the nearest body of water, where in the planing mode (0.7-0.9 V take-off), the crew lowers the intake pipe 3 using the linkage system 3. The intake pipe is enclosed inside a guide pipe with fluoroplastic bushings. Water through a water intake pipe enters a container (case), where it is mixed in a container with solid chemical fire extinguishing agents and hermetically packed in a biodegradable container. An amphibious seaplane gets speed to takeoff and takes off. In the fire zone, containers with fire extinguishing liquid (water) are dumped. Using the electric button, the pilot opens the magnetic lock 8 and opens the power cover 7. The water container leaves the tank, and the entire volume of liquid in free fall is delivered to the ignition site. When the aircraft is stationary, the power cover is fixed with the cable closing and fixing the cover 11.

The claimed invention allows to combine two functions in one aircraft: air patrolling and air suppression, which can significantly reduce the cost of air patrolling and extinguishing forest fires. The invention allows you to immediately, quickly begin to extinguish a forest fire immediately after its detection. The invention is also aimed at increasing the efficiency of extinguishing forest fires in the initial, incipient stage.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of extinguishing forest fires by an amphibious seaplane due to the point discharge of extinguishing liquid (water), packed in sealed biodegradable containers. In this case, the entire volume is completely 100% delivered to a burning surface.

The main advantage of the invention is the ability to accurately and efficiently affect the focus of an incipient forest fire. Moreover, the proposed system is easy to use. An additional advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the proposed extinguishing system (stopping a forest fire in the initial stage) allows significant savings to be made on air patrolling and air extinguishing of forest fires.

Comparative analysis with analogues shows that, with other things being equal, the claimed invention, installed on an amphibious seaplane, will be more effective in extinguishing a forest fire, since it can deliver all 100% of an extinguishing liquid (water or water with chemical reagents) to the source of ignition.

Claims (1)

A fire extinguishing device installed inside the hull of an amphibian seaplane boat equipped with two vertically arranged cases, where containers are placed that are filled with water (fire-extinguishing liquid), and the containers are filled with water from natural reservoirs, and two water intake devices mounted in the bottom of the seaplane, which also serves as a water supply for lifting water from ponds on the planing of a seaplane, from where water enters through the water intake A water supply device under pressure of its high-speed pressure into cases with containers, where in flight it is mixed in containers with solid chemical fire extinguishing agents, then it is hermetically packed in containers, and when a seaplane approaches a fire, both containers are dumped pointwise through the two lower hatches onto the fire fires.

Images