RU2439479C1 - Fire fighting drop bomb - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: fire fighting drop bomb comprises a parachute, a container, a bursting charge, a fire-extinguishing powder, a container's cover, a detonating fuse and a cord of safety release. The drop bomb container is a hollow metal cylinder. The fire-extinguishing powder is a phosphorus ammonia salt, packed into bags laid evenly along the container around the bursting charge until it is fully filled. The bursting charge is an explosive in the form of a cylindrical cartridge placed on the central axis of the container, along its entire height, in tight contact with the detonating fuse. The safety release cord is fixed with one end to a safety pin, and with the second end - to an aircraft, and is made with length providing for detonating fuse arming after it leaves the aircraft. The container's cover is made in the form of a cone with a diameter equal to a container's diameter, with a hole in the cone spike for detonating fuse fixation.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of explosive facilities protection against landscape fires.

7 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to means of protecting weapons and military equipment, namely explosive objects from landscape fires.

Currently, as an analysis of the causes of emergencies at ammunition storage facilities shows, about 48% of them are landscape fires. To protect ammunition storage facilities from landscape fires, powder, carbon dioxide, and water extinguishers are the main means of fire fighting personnel not included in the fire service. Known powder fire extinguisher, which includes: a container for storing powder, a squib, a starting device (see technical description OP-5. GOST R-51057 - 2001, item 4, item 4.6. Open edition).

This device is closest to the proposed technical solution and is taken as a prototype. The powder storage tank is designed for the tight storage of the extinguishing powder, to prevent it from getting wet and caking, and when the fire extinguisher is brought into action, to create excess gas pressure inside the tank. The igniter is used to pressurize the gases inside the tank and release these gases extinguishing powder into the fire. The starting device drives the fire extinguisher, the direction of the jet of powder in the fire.

However, this fire extinguisher is not capable of effectively extinguishing landscape fires, as the area that this fire extinguisher is capable of covering with powder is 25 m ² .

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of means of combating landscape fires in areas where explosive atmospheres are located and to reduce labor costs for the liquidation of these emergency situations.

The technical solution of the proposed invention is to increase the efficiency of protection of explosive objects from the effects of landscape fires and reduce labor costs to eliminate these emergency situations.

A fire bomb according to the invention includes: a parachute, a container, a bursting charge, fire extinguishing powder, a container lid, a fuse, a safety cable.

The device is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a diagram of a fire-fighting bomb. In the drawing it is indicated: 1 - parachute, 2 - container, 3 - explosive charge, 4 - fire extinguishing powder, 5 - container lid, 6 - fuse, 7 - protection cable.

Parachute 1 is a silk fabric hemisphere with a hole in the center line, slings and a device for attaching the parachute to the fire-fighting bomb. The parachute is designed to orient the fire bomb during its fall, vertically, with the fuse down.

The container 2 is a cylindrical container with a volume of, for example, 200 liters and includes: a metal case with a diameter, for example, 700 mm, a height, for example, 1000 mm, made of sheet steel, with a thickness, for example, 2 mm, with a bottom. The container is designed to provide the necessary relative positioning of the extinguishing powder and the explosive charge at the time the fire-bomb is brought into action, holding the extinguishing powder and the explosive charge inside, and protecting the contents from moisture. A parachute is attached to the bottom of the container from the outside.

The explosive charge 3 is an explosive, for example trotyl, in the form of a cylindrical checker placed on the central axis of the container, over its entire height, in close contact with the fuse, weighing, for example, 3 kg A bursting charge after its initiation upon contact of a fire-fighting bomb with the earth's surface ensures the destruction of the container and uniform spraying of the extinguishing powder in all directions, in a radius of about 10 m, in an air volume of about 2100 m ³ .

Fire extinguishing powder 4 is a substance, for example phosphorammonium salt, used to equip powder fire extinguishers, packaged in airtight packaging, for example plastic bags, for example 5 kg each, placed uniformly in a container around a bursting charge, until it is completely filled, with a total volume of, for example, 200 liters. A fire extinguishing powder, when a bursting charge is triggered, is sprayed in a radius of about 10 m and forms a hemisphere above the surface of the earth in which combustion is impossible. Combustion ceases due to the absence of air oxygen to burning materials. In addition, fire extinguishing powder, settling on the surface of burning plants, prevents their re-ignition.

The lid of the container 5 is a cone with a diameter equal to the diameter of the container, for example, 500 mm high, with a hole in the tip of the cone for attaching the fuse and a locking device. The tip of the cone of the container lid is directed outward from the container. The lid of the container is designed to hold fire extinguishing powder and explosive charge during the descent of a fire bomb to the extinguishing site, fuse mounting. The conical shape of the container lid helps to orient the fire bomb during its descent to the extinguishing site, fuse down, and the contact of the fire bomb with the surface of the fuse.

The fuse 6 is a device consisting of a detonator capsule, an electric battery, an electric power button, with one degree of protection in the form of a safety check. The fuse is mounted in the hole of the container lid, while the detonator capsule is fixed in a bursting charge, the electric battery is under the container lid, and the electric power button with the safety pin is outside the container lid. The fuse is designed to initiate a bursting charge when the fire bomb contacts the ground. When in contact with the earth's surface, the electric power button is pressed and the circuit between the electric battery and the detonator capsule closes. The detonator capsule fires and initiates an explosive charge.

The de-energization cord 7 is a metal cable with a diameter of 5 mm, attached at one end to the fuse pin, and the other to the aircraft, the length allowing the fuse to cock after leaving the aircraft's fire-fighting bomb. The de-energization cord is designed to de-energize the fuse by pulling out the safety pin after the fire-fighting bomb has been dropped into the extinguishing site at a safe distance from the aircraft.

Device operation

It is known that the use of fire fighting aircraft is the most effective and safest means of dealing with horse forest fires. The disadvantage of this method is the low accuracy of the hit, as well as the spraying and evaporation of a significant amount of water, without reaching the source of combustion. To replenish the supply of water, a reservoir of sufficient size and depth is needed to flood the amphibian aircraft. Helicopters are more mobile and capable of discharging water with greater accuracy, but the one-time supply of water that can be discharged is only 5 tons, after which it is necessary to move to a reservoir to refuel a hanging basket.

The wild forest fire has a high propagation speed (about 6 meters per second), a high developed temperature (up to 900 ° C) and the ability to grow into fire storms. Therefore, its elimination requires massive use of mobile extinguishing agents. The most mobile extinguishing agent is aviation, equipped with effective extinguishing agents.

It is possible to reset the proposed fire-fighting bomb from any aircraft: civil, agricultural, transport and military purposes, both from an airplane and from a helicopter. This property of fire-fighting bombs will significantly increase the grouping of fire-fighting aircraft involved in the elimination of forest fires. When approaching the front of a forest fire, preparations are made for throwing: a fire-fighting bomb is placed opposite the door or ramps of the aircraft, a fuse 6 is installed, a parachute 1 and a security cable are attached 7. The fire bomb is dropped from the aircraft upon command. At the same time, due to the mass of the bomb and the elastic properties of the de-energizing cord, the safety pin is pulled out. The fuse is brought into working position outside the aircraft at a safe distance for the aircraft. The conical shape of the container lid and the parachute serve to orient the fall of the fire bombs fuse down. Upon contact of the fuse with the surface of the earth, a burst charge is initiated, it is detonated and the extinguishing powder is sprayed up to a radius of 10 meters and extinguished in a volume of about 2100 m ³ , which corresponds to the discharge of water from several amphibian aircraft or hanging baskets of fire helicopters. In the volume of the hemisphere of the suspended extinguishing powder, a fire is extinguished due to the termination of access of air oxygen to burning materials at all levels of combustion, as well as a decrease in the intensity of the outflow of combustion products. This powder also prevents re-ignition of materials. The simplicity and uniformity of the design allows the manufacture of fire bombs in large quantities and at a low price.

In addition, one aircraft can take on board several fire bombs. Their number will be limited only by the volume and carrying capacity of the aircraft. So the MI-26 helicopter is able to take on board up to 100 of such fire-fighting bombs, which corresponds to the amount of extinguishing 260 amphibious aircraft, 42,000 hanging baskets. After minor refinement, it becomes possible to use military aircraft to extinguish fires, which will significantly increase the accuracy of bombing.

The use of fire-fighting air bombs will significantly increase the efficiency of extinguishing forest fires and reduce the cost of eliminating them, since one aircraft is able to combat the spread of forest fires, in one airplane (helicopter) departure with an efficiency equal to 260 sorties of specialized amphibian aircraft shorter period of time, with greater accuracy of hit. This will reduce the risk of forest fires on explosive facilities of various ministries and departments.

Claims (7)

1. A fire bomb, including a parachute, a container, an explosive charge, fire extinguishing powder, a container lid, a fuse and a safety cord, characterized in that the bomb container is made in the form of a hollow metal cylinder, the fire extinguishing powder is phosphorus ammonium salt, packaged in bags, evenly filled around the container around the bursting charge, until it is completely filled, the bursting charge is an explosive in the form of a cylindrical piece placed on the central axis to the whole container along its entire height, in close contact with the fuse, the de-energizing cord is attached at one end to the safety pin, and at the other end to the aircraft, and is made in length to allow the fuse to cock after leaving the aircraft, and the container lid is made in the form of a cone with a diameter equal to the diameter container, with a hole in the tip of the cone for attaching the fuse. 2. Fire-fighting bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that the tip of the cone of the container lid is directed outward from the container with the possibility of orientation at the moment of falling the fuse down, with a locking device, with the possibility of holding fire extinguishing powder and explosive charge inside the container during descent. 3. Fire bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal volume of the container is 200 liters. 4. Fire bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses an explosive substance weighing 3 kg 5. Fire bomb according to claim 2, characterized in that the fuse consists of a detonator capsule, an electric battery, an electric power button and a safety pin, is mounted in the hole on the tip of the cone, the detonator capsule is directly in the explosive charge, an electric battery under the lid of the container , an electric power button and a safety pin on the outside of the container lid, with the possibility of initiating a bursting charge at the moment of contact of the fire bomb with the ground. 6. Fire-fighting bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that the protection cable is made in the form of a metal cable with a diameter of 5 mm. 7. Fire-fighting bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that the parachute is made in the form of a fabric hemisphere with a hole in the center, slings and a parachute mount device with the possibility of orientation at the moment of falling down fuse.