RU2641093C1 - Method for wild camomile flowers identification - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: pharmacology.

SUBSTANCE: method involves analysis of solutions containing an alcohol extract of wild chamomile flowers and pierced mayweed flowers, a complexing substance and a buffer solution with Ph equal to 4-5, by spectrophotometric method at a wavelength of 340±2 nm and a maximum absorption at the specified wavelength on the absorption spectrum of the flowers extract identifies pierced mayweed flowers, and the absence of the maximum absorption at the specified wavelength on the absorption spectrum of the flowers identifies wild chamomile flowers.

EFFECT: simplified process of herbal medicinal raw materials authentication.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to pharmacognostic analysis, in particular to the authentication (identification) of chamomile flowers.

The determination of the authenticity of medicinal plant materials is currently a particularly urgent issue in connection with its import and the appearance of species morphologically related.

Often found in Central Russia, an admixture of chamomile flowers is the flowers of a tri-rib perforated.

A known method of establishing the authenticity of plant materials is macroscopic microscopic analysis (GOST 2237-93; GF XIII ed., FS. 2.5.0037.15). The first type of analysis is often difficult. This is due to the fact that many medicinal plants have aberrate forms of reproduction (for example, apomixis) or are prone to the formation of interspecific hybrids. These problems are characteristic of a large number of medicinal plants of the families, among which are Asteraceae (the representative is chamomile).

A well-known example of spectrophotometric analysis of chamomile extract, which describes the absorption bands at 205, 254, 340, 370 nm {Pavlova Larisa Viktorovna. Extraction chromatographic determination of the physiologically active components of the “pharmacy chamomile” and the leaves of the “eucalyptus rod-like”: diss. ... candidate of chemical sciences: 02.00.02 / Pavlova Larisa Viktorovna; Samara, 2015, p. 111). However, the same work states that the general spectrum profile of the chamomile extract of the pharmacy coincides with the profile of the absorption spectrum of the eucalyptus rod, which is not a related species. Thus, we can conclude that this approach does not allow the unambiguous identification of medicinal plant materials.

Microscopic analysis is quite time-consuming and requires highly qualified specialist.

The molecular biological method of authenticating using the RAPD analysis of medicinal plants is also known (Baeva Vera Mikhailovna. Pharmacognostic study of medicinal plants using molecular biological methods: abstract of the dissertation ... Doctors of Pharmaceutical Sciences: 15.00.02 / Baeva Vera Mikhailovna; [Place of protection : Moscow Medical Academy named after IM Sechenov]. - Moscow, 2009. - 48 p.). However, this method requires expensive equipment and supplies.

Qualitative chemical analysis based on thin-layer chromatography or qualitative general group reactions proposed in the Pharmacopoeia often does not give unambiguity in questions of the difference between medicinal plant materials and impurities due to the similar chemical composition.

One of the most promising methods for establishing the authenticity of medicinal substances and preparations is the spectrophotometric method, which can be used if there are significant differences in the spectral characteristics between the substance and impurity or if conditions are selected under which these differences manifest themselves.

The technical result of the invention is to simplify the authentication of medicinal plant materials - chamomile flowers.

The technical result is achieved by comparing the absorption spectra of solutions, characterized in that the method for identifying chamomile flowers by comparing the absorption spectra of solutions includes analyzing solutions containing alcoholic extracts of chamomile flowers and flowers of a tripe ripe perforated, complexing agent and buffer solution with a pH of 4-5, spectrophotometric method at a wavelength of 340 ± 2 nm and in the presence of an absorption maximum at a specified wavelength in the absorption spectrum of color extraction tkov identified flowers tripleurospermum perforatum, in the absence of the absorption maximum extraction of flowers at this wavelength are identified chamomile flowers. As the complexing agent, aluminum chloride is used.

In practice, the method is as follows.

A portion of raw materials (chamomile pharmacy / tri-ribs perforated) weighing 0.5-2 g is placed in a flask with a thin section, pour 100 ml of 70% ethyl alcohol. The flask is connected to a reflux condenser and extraction is carried out by heating on a closed spiral tile for 30 minutes after boiling, maintaining a weak boil.

The resulting extract was cooled, filtered. An aliquot of the filtrate equal to 1 ml was placed in a 25 ml volumetric flask, 2 ml of a 2% alcohol solution of aluminum chloride, 5 ml of an acetate buffer solution with a pH of 4-5 were added and adjusted to the mark with ethyl alcohol at a concentration of 70%.

After 20-30 minutes, the absorption spectrum is taken in the wavelength range of 300-550 nm against the background of the comparison solution. This time was chosen due to the fact that the complex of flavonoids with aluminum chloride up to 20 minutes is not formed quantitatively, and after 30 minutes it begins to collapse.

The comparison solution is prepared as follows: an aliquot of the filtrate equal to 1 ml is placed in a 25 ml volumetric flask, 2 ml of 90% ethyl alcohol, 5 ml of acetate buffer solution with a pH of 4 are added and adjusted to the mark with ethyl alcohol at a concentration of 70%.

The obtained extraction spectra are shown in FIG. 1. As can be seen, at a wavelength of 340 ± 2 nm, the absorption spectrum of the extraction of flowers of the trihedral (2) contains an absorption maximum, which is not on the absorption spectrum of the extraction of flowers of chamomile flowers (1).

The proposed method is simple, allows you to qualitatively distinguish chamomile flowers pharmacy from impurities - the flowers of the triperae perforated.

At the same time, it does not require a laborious, highly qualified specialist, microscopic analysis.

Using this method leads to an acceleration of pharmacognostic analysis, since the same extract can be used to prove authenticity as for a quantitative analysis for the content of flavonoids.

Claims (2)

1. A method for identifying pharmacy chamomile flowers, which makes it possible to qualitatively distinguish pharmacy chamomile flowers from impurities — flowers of the tri-rib perforated by comparing the absorption spectra of solutions, characterized in that solutions containing alcohol extracts of the pharmacy chamomile and perforatum perforated flowers, a complexing agent, and a buffer solution with pH are analyzed equal to 4-5, spectrophotometric method at a wavelength of 340 ± 2 nm, and in the presence of a maximum absorption at a specified wavelength in the spectrum by absorption of flower extracts identify the flowers of the tri-rib of the perforated, and in the absence of a maximum absorption of the extraction of flowers at the indicated wavelengths, the flowers of the chamomile are identified. 2. A method for identifying pharmacy chamomile flowers, which makes it possible to qualitatively distinguish pharmacy chamomile flowers from impurities — the flowers of the trihedral rib perforated by comparing the absorption spectra of solutions according to claim 1, characterized in that aluminum chloride is used as a complexing agent.

Images