RU2640973C1 - Bellow compensator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering.SUBSTANCE: compensator comprises the main bellows arranged at right angle to each other, a branch pipe at the inlet to the horizontal main bellow, an unloading element, centering supports, spherical hinges, a rod. The main bellows arranged at right angle are connected to each other and to the unloading element by a branch pipe having a smoothly curving path. The unloading element is connected to the branch pipe through a bushing and a plate ring. There guide vanes installed in the branch pipe at inlet of the horizontal main bellow and the branch pipe with the smoothly curving path.EFFECT: reduction of hydraulic resistance of the bellow compensator.2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to rocket science and can be used to connect the flanges of the input lines of liquid rocket engines (LRE) with the flanges of pipelines or tanks of carrier rockets (LV) and in other industries.

Known pipeline compensator for linear displacements (US patent dated July 16, 1970 - an analogue of Swiss patent No. 528698 dated July 14, 71), in the description of which a pipeline is installed at the inlet to a superheater. It consists of pipelines, bellows and a middle pipe, one of the pipelines has supports to which the beam is attached. The beam is connected by one link to another pipe, and the other link to the intermediate pipe. The mechanism of the pipe compensator in the pipe connection allows you to evenly load both bellows when moving one of the pipelines.

A disadvantage of the known pipeline compensator is the ability to rotate the rocker joints in only one plane, as well as the presence of two rockers in the flow of the working medium, which clutters the path of the intermediate pipe and creates increased resistance to flow.

Known bellows compensator (patent No. 2561816, IPC F16L 15/02 from 06/26/2014, Russia, prototype).

The bellows compensator (Fig. 1) contains horizontal and vertical main bellows 1 and 2, located at right angles to each other, a tee 3 connecting the main bellows and the discharge element 4 through a fixed ring 5, the pipe 6 at the entrance to the horizontal main bellows, centering supports 7 and 8, spherical joints 9 and 10, rod 11.

The bellows compensator with trunk bellows located at right angles to each other allows you to compensate for both angular and linear displacements of the flanges of the launch vehicle’s tank and liquid rocket engine, has good installation conditions, high reliability of the unloading element and spherical joints.

The disadvantage of the bellows compensator is the increased hydraulic resistance due to the uneven flow rate of the working component in different sections of the hydraulic path. The main loss of fluid pressure occurs in the cylindrical part of the tee, where part of the flow is inhibited, abutting against the discharge element, and then, pushing off from it, forms a counterclockwise vortex at the top of the cylindrical part of the tee. There is also a loss of pressure when changing the direction of flow in the nozzle due to a decrease in the flow velocity at the wall of the nozzle with a smaller radius.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to reduce the hydraulic resistance of the bellows compensator.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the proposed bellows expansion joint containing trunk bellows located at right angles to each other, a pipe at the entrance to the horizontal trunk bellows, a discharge element, centering bearings, spherical joints, rod, according to the invention, the trunk bellows located under the straight at an angle, are interconnected with the discharge element by a pipe having a smoothly bending path, the discharge element is connected to the pipe through a sleeve and a disk ring, and in guide vanes are installed at the inlet to the horizontal main bellows and the nozzle with a smoothly bending path.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by a sketch (Fig. 2), where:

1 - horizontal trunk bellows;

2 - vertical main bellows;

4 - unloading element;

6 - pipe at the entrance to the horizontal main bellows;

7, 8 - centering bearings;

9, 10 - spherical joints;

11 - stock;

12 - pipe with a smoothly bending path;

13 - a disk ring;

14 - sleeve;

15 - guide vanes.

The proposed bellows expansion joint contains a horizontal main bellows 1, a vertical main bellows 2 located at right angles to each other, a pipe 6 at the entrance to the horizontal main bellows, an unloading element 4, centering bearings 7, 8, spherical joints 9, 10, rod 11. Trunk bellows 1, 2 are connected to each other and to the discharge element 4 by means of a pipe 12 with a smoothly bending path, while the discharge element 4 is connected to the latter through a disk ring 13 and a sleeve 14. Into the inlet pipe e in the horizontal trunk bellows 6 and the pipe with a smoothly bending path 12 installed guide vanes 15.

The bellows compensator operates as follows.

The working medium entering the compensator in the pipe 6 at the entrance to the horizontal main bellows 1 is divided into a series of flows between concentrically arranged guide vanes 15.

This leads to an improvement in the flow structure, a more uniform distribution over its cross section, and, ultimately, to a decrease in the local hydraulic resistance. With the further passage of the working medium along the path, a decrease in the hydraulic resistance is ensured by a smooth rotation of the flow in the pipe 12 with a smoothly bending path connected to the discharge element 4 through the sleeve 14 and the disk ring 13, and the presence of concentrically arranged guide vanes 15.

A decrease in the hydroresistance of the bellows compensator with the indicated differences is confirmed experimentally.

The positive effects of the proposed bellows expansion joint is:

- improvement of cavitation characteristics;

- unification, in case of use as a branch pipe with a smoothly bending path, the design of the branch pipe at the entrance to the horizontal main bellows;

- weight reduction.

Claims (2)

1. A bellows compensator containing trunk bellows located at right angles to each other, a pipe at the entrance to the horizontal trunk bellows, an unloading element, centering bearings, spherical joints, a rod, characterized in that the main bellows are connected to each other and the unloading element at right angles to a pipe having a smoothly bending path, and the discharge element is connected to the pipe through a sleeve and a poppet ring. 2. The compensator according to claim 1, characterized in that guide vanes are installed in the pipe at the entrance to the horizontal main bellows and the pipe with a smoothly bending path.

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