RU2640390C1 - Cuvette - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: cuvette for dental prostheses manufacture, containing a collapsible body, consisting of the lower and upper parts, docked and compressed between each other, with openings for outlet sprue channels. The cuvette is made of a cylindrical metal tube with removable covers in each of the parts with a possibility of their clamping and with a wall thickness that allows the two parts to be joined by means of metal pins installed in the cuvette walls. The outlet sprue channels are formed by two branch pipes, the lower ends of which are located diametrically in the connector zone with a possibility of installation in grooves created during gypsum form manufacture, adjacent to the cheek surfaces of reproduction of the wax model located in the central part of the cuvette. The upper ends of the branch pipes protruding above the cuvette are passed through the holes made in the cover of the upper part. The cover of the lower part is equipped with a stepped insert, coaxially installed with a possibility of axial movement upwards and pressure on the gypsum. The inner surfaces of the cuvette are protected against interaction with gypsum by insulation, and under the insert is an elastic insert pressed against it by a clamp with a possibility of pressure on the insert during heat treatment during plastic base polymerization.

EFFECT: simplified design of the cuvette, reduced labour costs in manufacturing and operation, increased versatility.

4 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medical practice in the manufacture of dentures.

A device for compression pressing of dentures in the form of a cuvette, consisting of two halves, in one of which a screw is installed in the plane of the cuvette connector, at the end of which there is a plunger with the possibility of axial movement, and an elastic element is installed between the screw and plunger, and in the gypsum cuvette has a space adjacent to the plunger. After filling the mold with the base material and closing the halves of the cuvette by rotating the screw, the plunger enters the cuvette, creating excess pressure in the base material, the elastic element is compressed, and during polymerization, as the base material shrinks, the elastic element moves the plunger into the cuvette, compensating for shrinkage (RF Patent No. 2111723 C1, priority date 05/27/1997, publication date 05/27/1998, authors: Bogatov A.I. et al., RU).

A disadvantage of the known analogue is its complexity due to the need for a number of elements to compensate for shrinkage, which is not always possible to produce in practical conditions, as well as labor costs when using, due to the need to rotate the screw.

As a prototype, a dental cuvette was adopted, comprising a collapsible body made of lower and upper parts symmetrical to each other and compressed together using a clamping device consisting of a clamping plate and vertical racks in the form of bolts with clamping nuts; there is an opening in the case, made in the pressure plate for organizing the input gate channels using wax reproductions, and there are also side gate holes for creating the output gate channels using postglacial reproduction (RF Patent №46920 U1, priority date 22.02.2005, publication date 10.08.2005, authors: Eden JK et al, RU, prototype.).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the labor costs in the manufacture and operation, as well as low reliability due to the fact that when creating the input and output gate channels due to the need to install wax reproductions of the gate channels with low mechanical strength, in case of damage, the integrity of the gate channel or its destruction.

The objective of the invention is to create a simple to manufacture, cheap and easy-to-use cuvette, providing effective compaction of the base material to compensate for its shrinkage during polymerization without the use of physical effects, and the ability to adapt to different sizes of jaws.

To solve this problem, a cuvette for the manufacture of dental prostheses is proposed, comprising a collapsible case, consisting of the lower and upper parts, docked and compressed together, provided with openings for the output gate channels. According to the invention, the cuvette is made of a cylindrical metal pipe with removable covers in each of the parts with the possibility of preloading them with a clamp and with a wall thickness that allows the joining of both parts using metal pins installed in the walls of the cuvette parts, the outlet gating channels are formed by two outlet pipes , the lower ends of which are located diametrically in the area of the connector with the possibility of installation in the recesses created when performing the gypsum form, adjacent to the buccal surfaces pits for reproducing the wax model located in the central part of the cuvette, and the upper ends of the outlet tubes protruding above the cuvette are passed through holes made in the upper part cover, the lower part cover is equipped with a step insert coaxially mounted with the possibility of axial movement upward and pressure on the gypsum, while the inner surfaces of the cuvette are protected from interaction with gypsum using insulation, and an elastic liner pressed against it by a clamp is installed under the insert with the possibility of pressure on the insert with heat work in the process of polymerization of a plastic base.

According to the invention, the inner surfaces of the parts of the cuvette and the lids are insulated from gypsum with writing paper.

According to the invention, the cuvette contains locking screws in the walls of the parts of the cuvette, preventing gypsum from falling out during disassembly of the cuvette.

According to the invention, the height of the lower part of the cell is increased to 40 mm.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a cuvette, a general view; in FIG. 2 shows the lid of the upper part of the cuvette, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 3 - cover of the lower part of the cell, longitudinal section; in FIG. 4 shows a mounting diagram for the manufacture of a plastic base, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 5 - the middle part of the cell in the region of the connector with a plastic base, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 6 shows a section AA in FIG. 5.

The cuvette shown in FIG. 1, contains a collapsible housing, which consists of a lower 1 and upper 2 parts made of a metal pipe of a certain diameter with a wall thickness of 10 mm to 20 mm and having removable covers 3, 4, respectively. Lower part 1, upper part 2 and cover 4 the upper part of the cell is docked with metal pins 5 installed in holes 6 made in the walls of the parts and in the lid. The cover 4 of the upper part also has diametrical openings 7 through which the outlet tubes 8 protruding above the cover are passed, the lower ends of which are located at the level of the connector of the cell parts.

As the outlet pipes 8, plastic tubes with an outer diameter of, for example, 5 mm and a length of at least 80 mm can be used, the length being chosen so that no water gets through the upper ends of the outlet pipes 8 during the heat treatment. In addition, it is recommended that the holes 7 for the outlet tubes 8 are optimally positioned, depending on the size of the cell diameter, shown in FIG. 2. However, to comply with this recommendation, the bypass tubes 8 may be bent. For the convenience of manufacturing prostheses on the jaw of large sizes and ensuring versatility, the height of the lower 1 and upper 2 parts of the cell can be different, for example, for the lower part 1, the height can be increased to 40 mm, and the optimal height of the upper part 2 is 30 mm.

The cover 3 of the lower part 1 is made with a guide protrusion as shown in FIG. 3. In addition, a stepped insert 9 is installed coaxially in the lid 3, facing upward with a large diameter, with the possibility of axial movement and impact on the gypsum. The presence of a step insert 9 allows you to create additional pressure on the gypsum inside the cell. At the same time, in the working position of the cell filled with gypsum, under the step insert 9 in the clamp 10 used to clamp the cell, an elastic insert 11 is installed with the possibility of pressure on the gypsum through the step insert. The elastic insert 11 can be made, for example, of a rubber medical bandage with a thickness of 1 mm, the thickness of the insert 11 formed from it can be up to 5 mm, and the diameter of the insert corresponds to a smaller diameter of the step insert 9 for effective pressure distribution (Fig. 4).

To exclude adhesion of gypsum to metal, as well as ease of extraction of the gypsum form from the cell, the inner surfaces of the parts of the cell and covers are isolated from the gypsum with writing paper (not shown conditionally).

To prevent gypsum from falling out during disassembly of the cuvette, holes 12 are made in the walls of the cuvette parts, in which the locking screws 13 are installed.

The procedure for working with the cell is as follows.

Before work, cuvettes are prepared, for which the inner surfaces of the parts of the cuvette 1, 2 and covers 3, 4 are isolated with strips of writing paper.

The lower part 1 with a cover 3, equipped with a step insert 9, is filled with gypsum. A wax model 14 is installed on the gypsum, and pins 5 are installed in the holes 6 in the wall. The wax model 14 should be located in the central part of the cell, and for better orientation of model 14, it is necessary to turn the back of the wax model 14 to the pins 5, as shown in FIG. 6. As the gypsum hardens on both sides of the wax model, indentations 15 are diametrically performed in the gypsum to fix the position of the bypass tubes 8 adjacent to the buccal surfaces of the wax model reproduction (Figs. 5, 6).

On the lower part 1 of the cuvette, the upper part 2 is fixed with pins 5, the gypsum is poured into it, while controlling the position of the outlet tubes 8. Then, the upper part 2 is covered with a lid 4, fixing it on the pins 5. In this case, they are removed through the holes 7 in the lid 4 outlet tubes 8, which, depending on the size of the base, may have a bend, and their upper ends should be higher than the water level during the heat treatment.

Also in the walls of the lower 1 and upper 2 parts of the cuvette tighten the locking screws 13, which protect the plaster from accidental falling during disassembly of the cuvette.

In the process of heat treatment, the wax is removed through the bypass tubes 8, which prevents distortion of the shape of the gypsum model and preserves the initial volume of the basis, preventing the formation of grata.

After washing the wax and obtaining a gypsum model, a plastic base is made by polymerizing a pasty base material laid in the lower part of the 1 cell after separation of the upper part with gypsum from it. Then, the assembled cuvette is placed in the clamp 10 and clamped in it with a rubber insert 11 mounted under the step insert 9, as shown in FIG. 4, which allows, due to the expansion of rubber during heating, to compensate for fluctuations in the internal pressure in the gypsum that arise due to changes in the volume of the base material, and thereby maintain a constant pressure on the plastic base. During heat treatment, excess plastic material enters the bypass tubes 8, which prevents distortion of the shape of the model.

The optimal model processing time is approximately 2 hours. Of these, approximately 1.5 hours are allotted for the cell to stay in boiling water. An increase in the residence time of the cell in boiling water is necessary to achieve the temperature of boiling water in the center of the cell, since it is under these conditions that full polymerization can be achieved. This mode allows you to get the minimum porosity and maximum strength characteristics of the finished product.

After the end of the heat treatment process, the clamp 10, the rubber insert 11 and the pins 5 are removed, the cover 4 of the upper part 2 is removed, both parts of the cuvette are opened, the locking screws 13 are unscrewed, after which the gypsum is easily removed from both parts of the cuvette and the finished product is removed.

The inventive cell in comparison with the known analogues and prototype has the following advantages:

- simplicity of design, as well as the availability and low cost of the materials of the cell allow you to make it even in a small workshop;

- increased versatility of the cuvette due to an increase in the height of the lower half of the cuvette to 40 mm, which makes it possible to use the cuvette for large jaws;

- the possibility of manufacturing ditches of various sizes;

- ease of removal of gypsum forms due to the lack of the need for mechanical cleaning of the cell from gypsum;

- the possibility of using simple plastic branch tubes that are easily adapted to jaw models;

- improving the quality of finished products due to the almost complete elimination of porosity.

The technical result of the invention is the effective compaction of the base material to compensate for its shrinkage during polymerization, reduce labor costs during operation and increase versatility.

Claims (4)

1. A cuvette for the manufacture of dental prostheses, comprising a collapsible case, consisting of lower and upper parts, docked and compressed together, provided with openings for the outlet gating channels, characterized in that the cuvette is made of a cylindrical metal pipe with removable covers in each of the parts with the possibility of preloading them with a clamp and with a wall thickness that ensures the joining of both parts using metal pins installed in the walls of the cell parts, the output gate channels are formed by washing pipes, the lower ends of which are located diametrically in the area of the connector with the possibility of installation in the grooves created when performing the gypsum mold, adjacent to the buccal surfaces of the reproductions of the wax model located in the central part of the cell, and the upper ends of the branch pipes protruding above the cell are passed through openings made in the cover of the upper part, the cover of the lower part is equipped with a stepped insert coaxially mounted with the possibility of axial movement upward and pressure on the gypsum, while ennie cell surface protected from interaction with gypsum via isolation but under the pressed insert mounted thereto a resilient clamp pad, with the pressure on the insert by the heat treatment in the polymerization process of the plastic base. 2. The cuvette according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner surfaces of the parts of the cuvette and the lids are isolated from plaster with writing paper. 3. The cuvette according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains locking screws in the walls of the parts, preventing gypsum from falling out during disassembly of the cuvette. 4. The cuvette according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the lower part of the cuvette is increased to 40 mm.

Images