RU2639375C1 - Wheeled electric driver of airplane - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: wheeled electric drive of aircraft includes wheel poles made on the airplane wheel of magnetic material, oriented with a minimum air gap parallel to the poles of the electromagnets, made of magnetic material on the axis of the airplane landing gear. Windings are located on the poles of electromagnets. On the circumference near the pole of electromagnet position sensors of wheel pole are placed, connected by their outputs to the inputs of controller, connected by its outputs to the input of the switching devices that connect the windings of electromagnets to power source. The output of wheel speed setting device is connected to the other input of controller. The wheel pole lock containing the pin of the wheel pole lock is attached to the landing gear of airplane next to the electromagnet pole and the trajectory of the wheel pole movement of the airplane.

EFFECT: increase the reliability of electric wheel drive of airplane chassis.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to aircraft landing gear braking devices.

Known electric wheel gear of the landing gear of the aircraft, which consists of a motor mounted on a landing gear with a gear on the output shaft and a chain transmission (US patent No. 8684300 B2 dated 08/04/2010), installed with the possibility of its input for interaction with the ring gear of the wheel to spin the wheel before landing aircraft and its rotation while driving on the taxiway. The chain drive is removed from the interaction with the ring gear before accelerating the aircraft for takeoff. Such transmission of motion from the electric motor to the wheel may include a timing belt or gears. To enter any of the gears into gearing or to disengage from the gears of the wheel, the design has an additional electric linear or hydraulic drive, which complicates the design of the wheel drive and reduces its reliability.

The closest prototype is the invention of an electric wheel rotation and wheel brake aircraft (US patent No. 8579229 from 06.12.2011), consisting of electric motors with gears mounted on a support disk on the wheel axis so that the axis of the electric drives are parallel to the wheel axis, the output shafts of the gearboxes have means gearing with a ring gear mounted on the wheel rim, as well as a package of brake disks placed in the wheel rim with an electromechanical drive mounted on the support disk. The disadvantage of this electric drive is its low reliability due to the presence of a gear-driven clutch controlled by an electromagnet connecting the gear rim of the wheel drive to the wheel rim.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the wheel electric drive of the aircraft.

This goal is achieved by eliminating rubbing parts to transmit torque to the wheel.

For this, the wheel electric drive of the aircraft includes wheel poles made on a wheel of an aircraft made of magnetic material, oriented with a minimum air gap parallel to the poles of electromagnets, made of magnetic material on the axis of the aircraft chassis. At the poles of the electromagnets placed windings. Along the circumference near the pole of the electromagnet there are wheel pole position sensors connected by their outputs to the inputs of the control device connected by their outputs to the inputs of the switching devices that connect the windings of the electromagnets to the power source. The output of the wheel speed setting device is connected to another input of the control device. A wheel pole retainer comprising a wheel pole retainer pin is attached to an aircraft landing gear next to an electromagnet pole and an aircraft wheel path. The technical result is to increase the reliability of the electric wheel of the aircraft landing gear.

The accompanying drawings depict:

FIG. 1 - wheel aircraft with a wheel electric drive;

FIG. 2 - wheel electric aircraft with the position of the wheel poles opposite the poles of the electromagnet 17;

FIG. 3 - wheel electric drive of the aircraft with the position of the poles of the wheel opposite the poles of the electromagnet (view of the upper part in section AA in Fig. 2);

FIG. 4 is an electrical diagram of an aircraft wheel drive.

The list of elements in the attached drawings:

1 - wheel rim;

2 - wheel pole;

3 - bearing;

4 - pole of the electromagnet;

5 - winding of an electromagnet;

6, 7, 8, 9 - sensors;

10 - control device;

11 - device for setting the speed of rotation of the wheel;

12 - switching device;

13 - power source;

14 - the axis of the chassis of the aircraft;

15 - pneumatics;

16 - aircraft wheel;

17 - an electromagnet;

18 - an electromagnet;

19 - an electromagnet;

20 - wheel pole lock;

21 - pin clamp wheel pole;

22 - switching device;

23 - switching device.

The wheel electric drive of the aircraft consists of wheel poles 2 (see Fig. 1 - Fig. 3), made on the rim 1 of the wheel of the aircraft 16; electromagnets 17, 18 and 19, including the poles of the electromagnet 4, made on the axis of the chassis of the aircraft 14. At the poles of the electromagnet 4 is wound the winding of the electromagnet 5 (see Fig. 1 - Fig. 3). The poles of the three electromagnets 17, 18 and 19 are located relative to each other at an angle of 120 °. On both sides of the pole 4 of the electromagnet 17 there are sensors 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the position of the wheel poles 2 (see Fig. 2). The electric circuit of the wheel electric drive of the aircraft consists of a control device 10, a device 11 that sets the speed of rotation of the wheels of the aircraft 16, and switching devices 12, 22 and 23 (see Fig. 5). A wheel pole lock 20, comprising a pin of a wheel pole lock 21, is attached to an aircraft landing gear.

In FIG. 2 shows a wheeled electric drive of an airplane with the position of the wheel poles opposite the poles of the electromagnet 17.

In FIG. 3 shows a wheeled electric drive of the aircraft with the position of the wheel poles opposite the poles of the electromagnet (view of the upper part in section AA in Fig. 2).

In FIG. 4 shows an electric circuit of a wheel electric drive of an airplane, including: sensors 6, 7, 8 and 9, a control device 10, switching devices 12, 22 and 23, windings of electromagnets 5, electromagnet 17, electromagnet 18 and electromagnet 19, power supply 13 and the device 11 sets the speed of rotation of the wheels of the aircraft.

Wheel electric aircraft operates as follows.

If necessary, the movement of the aircraft along the airfield, for example, from the parking lot to the start of the runway, the electric drive operates in engine mode by rotating the wheel of the aircraft chassis.

First, from the output of the device 11, a signal is input to the input of the control device 10 for rotating the aircraft wheel 16. From the output of the control device 10, the signal is input to the input of the switching device 12, by which the switching device 12 connects the electromagnet 5 winding 5 to the power supply 13. Under the influence of a magnetic field the electromagnet 17 of the pole of the electromagnet 4 holds the wheel pole 2 (see. Fig. 1 - Fig. 3). The latch of the wheel pole 20 removes the pin of the latch of the wheel pole 21, preventing the movement of the wheel pole 2, after which the wheel of the aircraft 16 can rotate. Further, a signal is output from the output of the control device 10 to the input of the switching device 23, by which the switching device 23 connects the winding 5 of the electromagnet 19 to the power supply 13. In this case, the signal ceases to be supplied from the output of the control device 10 to the input of the switching device 12, so the switching device 12 disconnects the winding 5 of the electromagnet 17 from the power supply 13. Under the influence of the magnetic field of the electromagnet 19, the poles of the electromagnet 4 attract and hold the nearest natural pole 2. Under the action of the force created by the magnetic field, the airplane wheel rotates clockwise in the direction of the dot-dash arrows (see Fig. 2). Then, from the output of the control device 10, the signal is input to the input of the switching device 22, by which the switching device 22 connects the winding 5 of the electromagnet 18 to the power supply 13. In this case, the signal ceases to be supplied from the output of the control device 10 to the input of the switching device 23, therefore, the switching device 23 from the power supply 13, the winding 5 of the electromagnet 19. Under the action of the force created by the magnetic field of the electromagnet 18, the wheel of the aircraft 16 rotates clockwise in dot chain arrows systematic way (see. Fig. 2). Next, from the output of the control device 10, the signal is input to the input of the switching device 12, by which the switching device 12 connects the winding 5 of the electromagnet 17 to the power supply 13. In this case, the signal ceases to be supplied from the output of the control device 10 to the input of the switching device 22, therefore, the switching device 22 from the power supply 13, the winding 5 of the electromagnet 18. Under the action of the force created by the magnetic field of the electromagnet 17, the aircraft wheel rotates clockwise in the direction the dash-dotted arrows (see Fig. 2). Thus, the moment of rotation of the wheel of the aircraft 16 is created by a wheel drive. The rotation of the wheel in the opposite direction is carried out by sequentially switching on the electromagnets 17, 18 and 19 in a different sequence. First, the electromagnet 17 is turned on, then the electromagnet 18, then the electromagnet 19 and then again the electromagnet 17.

In the braking mode of the wheels of the aircraft 16, the electric drive operates as follows. When the aircraft lands, the wheel starts to rotate in contact with the surface of the runway. When the wheel rotates clockwise, when passing the wheel pole 2 past the sensors 6 and 7 (see Fig. 2) from the output of the control device 10, a signal is applied to the input of the switching device 12, by which the switching device 12 connects the winding 5 to the power supply 13 electromagnet 17. Under the influence of the magnetic field of the electromagnet 17, the poles of the electromagnet 4 hold the wheel pole 2 (see Fig. 1 - Fig. 3). Overcoming the force of the magnetic field, the wheel pole 2 passes the sensors 8 and 9, after which the signal ceases to be supplied from the output of the control device 10 to the input of the switching device 12, so the switching device 12 disconnects the magnet 5 winding 5 from the power supply 13. When the next wheel pole 2 approaches the braking cycle is repeated. And so, until the rotation of the wheel of the aircraft 16 is completely stopped. The latch of the wheel pole 20 (see FIG. 1), after the rotation of the wheel poles 2 is completely stopped, pushes the pin of the latch of the wheel pole 21 into the space between the wheel poles 2 and thereby prevents the rotation of the airplane wheel. After that, the wheel electromechanical brake of the aircraft can be de-energized.

Claims (1)

Wheel electric drive of an aircraft, characterized in that on the aircraft wheel wheel poles are made of magnetic material, oriented with a minimum air gap parallel to the poles of electromagnets made of magnetic material on the axis of the aircraft chassis, on which the windings of electromagnets are placed, and around the circumference next to the electromagnet pole wheel pole position sensors connected by their outputs to the inputs of the control device connected by their outputs to the inputs of the switching devices, which connect the windings of electromagnets to a power source, the output of the wheel speed setting device is connected to another input of the control device, the wheel pole retainer containing the wheel pole retainer pin is attached to the airplane landing gear next to the electromagnet pole and the wheel pole path.

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