RU2637681C1 - Tube head - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: tube head includes a body with stepped axial channel, side research channel and a collection line, a tube holder installed in the axial channel of the body for suspension of lift string, a cover, a bushing placed outside the tube holder with radial channels, a turning unit. The tube holder and the bushing are installed in body so that the body collection line at a certain turning of the bushing is made with the possibility of communication through the radial channels of the bushing with the longitudinal channel of the tube holder. The research channel of the body is made with the possibility of communication with well space outside the tube holder. Projections or grooves are made below the tube holder, and interacting with the corresponding inner grooves or projections of the body for elimination of rotation. The bushing is placed in the upper circular extension of the body stepped axial channel. The research channel and the collection line are arranged at the same level perpendicular to the axis of the body at an angle along its perimeter, defined by the formula

where α is the angle between the research channel and collection line, deg.; n_min minimum permissible distance between the channels, which makes it possible to maintain tightness (amount of overlap), mm; D_o is the outer diameter of the bushing, mm; β₁ is the angle between diametrically opposite points of the channel in the body relative to the central axis of the body, deg.; β₂ is the angle between diametrically opposite points of bushing opening relative to central axis of the bushing, deg. The bushing is installed tightly between the body and tube holder for turning by means of turning unit located above the bushing and above the cover. Three channels in the bushing are made at the same level at the same angle from the middle channel corresponding to the angle between the research channel and the collection line. The inner or outer surface of the bushing has a bore communicating the middle channel with the channel not aligned with the collection line. The channels in the bushing are configured for serial communication with channels in the body when bushing is turned inside the body. The tube holder is equipped with additional longitudinal channel made for communication with research channel of the body through one of radial channels of the bushing.

EFFECT: by using the proposed device, the material costs are reduced due to simplified production of tube head, operation possibilities are expanded due to use of borehole rod pumping plant and borehole screw rod plant, and conducting full-value process operations, improved reliability due to simplified design, reduced number of compounds operating under pressure, while reducing metal capacity and overall dimensions.

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Description

The invention relates to mining, in particular, to wellhead equipment for operating wells.

Known wellhead fittings for the installation of SHGN ASHK50 × 14 according to TU 3665-009-49652808-2004 (Product catalog "Equipment for the oil and gas industry" LLC "NGO NGO" TECHNOVEK "), containing a housing with two side outlets equipped with shut-off valves, a cone adapter for Suspension of the pipe string, wellhead seal and bypass valve installed in the sub.

A disadvantage of the known device is the location of the lateral branches of the housing at different levels in height, which, with the regulated location of the lower (usually technological) branch relative to the ground level, leads to a higher location of the main branch, respectively, of the collection line pipe, and also small (substantially less than conventional valve fittings) cross-section of the bypass valve seat, insufficient during technological operations, in particular, flushing downhole equipment in a closed cycle.

Known wellhead reinforcement (RF patent No. 2159842, IPC E21B 33/03, E21B 49/08, E21B 47/00, publ. 11/27/2000, bull. No. 33), comprising a housing with a communication channel with a cavity of tubing and communication channel with annular space, conical coupling for pipe suspension, poppet valve-shutoff, wellhead seal for sealing the polished rod of the deep-well sucker rod pump, while a shut-off valve and a sampler for sampling for analysis throughout the communication channel with the cavity of the tubing are installed flow cross section, in channel with In order to communicate with the annulus, a shut-off valve is installed; in addition, the casing is equipped with an additional channel for communicating the tubing cavity with the annulus and a shut-off valve with a valve installed in this channel.

Known tube head (RF patent No. 2170328, IPC E21B 33/03, publ. 07/10/2001, bull. No. 19), comprising a cylindrical body with upper and lower connecting flanges, with stepped axial and radial channels, with two upper and two lower lateral branches having connecting flanges for installing the main valves, a pipe holder installed in the axial channel of the housing for suspension of the lift column, a pipe holder fastening unit in the axial channel of the housing, a spherical locking element located in the axial channel of the housing above the pipe holder with a through and blind central axial channels, the axes of which are mutually perpendicular, as well as with upper and lower saddles, a ball locking control unit in the form of a rotary shaft installed in the radial channel of the housing, whose axis is perpendicular to the axes of the through and blind central axial channels in the ball locking body and passes through the point of their intersection, a transitional flange with a stepped axial channel located on the housing, as well as a figured sleeve installed in it and in the axial channel of the housing, with PORN body is formed with an additional hollow central axial channel, and the housing - with an additional upper sidearm, the axes of which are coaxial with the rotary axis of the shaft, wherein the brace sleeve rigidly connected with the housing, and the upper seat is housed inside the sleeve shaped.

The disadvantages of the known devices are the presence in each of them of at least three locking devices, which leads to an increase in size, especially radial, and weight, to a decrease in the reliability of the devices, as well as the complexity of manufacturing and repair of the case.

Known tube head (a. With. The USSR No. 1514904, IPC E21B 33/03, publ. 10/15/1989, bull. No. 38), comprising a cylindrical body with concentric tube holder and its fixation unit in the form of locking bolts, installed in the pipe holder has a locking mechanism in the form of a cup with a locking assembly and an actuator for controlling the locking mechanism, while in order to increase the reliability of the pipe head, reduce the duration and increase the safety of installation work at the mouth with dismantled blowout control equipment, it is equipped with a a ladle placed concentrically in the tube holder and made in the upper part with an annular outer protrusion and a bore on its inner surface, the sleeve being rigidly connected to the tube holder with its lower part and the cup having an annular inner protrusion in the lower part to accommodate the outer protrusion of the sleeve, this glass is mounted with the possibility of rotation around the sleeve.

However, the known device has the following disadvantages:

- firstly, the branches of the fountain fittings, obtained on the basis of the known device, for directing the flow of the borehole medium are located above the shutoff assembly, which increases the height and metal consumption of the fountain fittings;

- secondly, the device is not intended for the equipment of the wellhead operated by the downhole sucker rod pump (USHN), sucker rod pump (USHVN), etc. due to the location of the rod string inside the shutoff assembly;

- thirdly, the need to manufacture a channel in the housing for the drive of the locking mechanism and its sealing, working under operating pressure;

- fourthly, the use of the known device does not exclude the need to equip the fountain valves with locking devices.

The closest in technical essence is the pipe head (RF patent No. 2117749, IPC E21B 33/03, publ. 08.20.1998, bull. No. 23), including a cylindrical body with connecting flanges, with stepped axial and radial channels, as well as with side bends located below the latter, a pipe holder installed in the axial channel of the housing for suspension of the elevator column, a ball locking element located in the pipe holder with a through axial channel and saddles, a ball locking control unit in the form of a rotary shaft, the axis of which is perp which is endicular to the axis of its through axial channel, and the sealing cover, a sleeve with two radial channels, one of which serves to accommodate the rotary shaft, and the holder of the pipe holder in the housing in the form of locking bolts installed in the radial channels of the housing and having the ability to interact with the pipe holder, moreover, it is equipped with fixing elements in the form of fingers installed in the lower part of the housing, the lateral branches of the housing are placed at different levels in height, and the sleeve concentrically outside the pipe For this, the spherical locking element is made with a blind axial channel perpendicular to the through axial channel in it and the axis of the rotary shaft, the pipe holder with an external annular protrusion, with an axial groove and curly grooves on its outer surface and two radial channels, one of which serves to accommodate the rotary shaft, the housing - with a radial channel for accommodating the rotary shaft, and the pipe holder and the sleeve are installed in the housing so that their radial channels for accommodating the rotary shaft are coaxial, and the upper axis the lateral branch of the housing coincides with the axes of the other radial channels of the sleeve and the pipe holder, while they are located in the same plane as the axes of the through and the blind channels of the ball locking element, and the lower side branch of the housing coincides with the axial groove of the pipe holder grooves, while the sleeve is placed so that with its lower end it interacts with a stepped axial channel of the housing, and the upper one with the outer annular protrusion of the pipe holder.

The disadvantages of the known solutions are:

- firstly, the location of the lateral branches of the housing at different levels in height, which with a regulated location of the lower (usually technological) branch relative to the ground level leads to a higher location of the main branch, respectively, of the collection line pipeline;

- secondly, the device is not intended for the equipment of the wellhead operated by USHN, USHVN, etc., due to the location of the rod string inside the shutoff member;

- thirdly, the difficulty of joining the rotary shaft with the locking body due to the need for simultaneous coaxial location of the groove of the locking body, the radial channels of the housing, the sleeve and the pipe holder;

- fourthly, the need to manufacture a channel in the housing for the rotary shaft and its seal, working under operating pressure;

- fifthly, the need to manufacture a spherical locking element on special machines or using devices, which affects the cost of the tube head.

The technical objectives of the invention are to reduce material costs by simplifying the manufacture of the tube head, expanding operational capabilities, increasing its reliability by simplifying the design, reducing the number of joints working under pressure, while reducing metal consumption and overall dimensions.

The stated technical problems are solved by a tube head, including a housing with a stepped axial channel, a lateral research channel and a collection line, a pipe holder installed in the axial channel of the housing for suspension of the lift column, a cover, a sleeve located outside the pipe holder, with radial channels, a rotation unit, and the pipe holder and the sleeve are installed in the housing so that the collection line of the housing with a certain rotation of the sleeve is configured to communicate through the radial channels of the sleeve with a longitudinal channel ruboderzhatelya and Research housing channel is configured to communicate with the space outside the downhole pipe holder, wherein the pipe holder bottom provided with protrusions or recesses which interact with corresponding internal grooves or protrusions housing to avoid rotation while the sleeve is placed in the upper annular stepped expansion of the axial channel of the housing.

New is that the research channel and the collection line are placed at the same level perpendicular to the axis of the housing at an angle around its perimeter, determined by the formula:

,

,

where α is the angle between the research channel and the collection line, deg .;

n _min - the minimum permissible distance between the channels, allowing to maintain tightness (overlap value), mm;

D _n - the outer diameter of the sleeve, mm;

β ₁ - the angle between diametrically opposite points of the channel in the housing relative to the Central axis of the housing, deg .;

β ₂ - the angle between diametrically opposite points of the hole in the sleeve relative to the Central axis of the sleeve, deg.,

moreover, the sleeve is inserted tightly between the body and the pipe holder with the possibility of rotation using the rotation unit located on top of the sleeve and above the cover, the three channels in the sleeve are made at the same level at the same angle from the middle channel, corresponding to the angle between the research channel and the collection line, on the inside or the outer surface of the sleeve is made a groove communicating the middle channel with a channel that is not aligned with the collection line, while the channels in the sleeve are made with the possibility of sequential communication from the channel and the housing when rotating within the housing sleeve, and pipe holder has an optional longitudinal bore adapted to communicate with the research duct housing through one of the radial sleeve channels.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a pipe head (front view); in FIG. 2 is the same, section AA in FIG. 1 in the working position of the tube head; in FIG. 3 is a section AA in FIG. 1 when performing pressure relief in the tube head; in FIG. 4 is a section BB in FIG. one.

The pipe head includes a housing 1 (Fig. 1) with a stepped axial channel 2, a lateral research channel 3 and a collection line 4 (Fig. 2), a pipe holder 5 (Fig. 1) installed in the axial channel 2 of the housing 1, with a longitudinal channel 6 for suspension of the elevator column 7, the cover 8, the sleeve 9, placed outside the pipe holder 5, with radial channels 10 (Fig. 2), 11 and 12, a rotation unit, which can be made, as shown in Fig. 1, in the form of an opening on the sleeve 9 with the handle 13, or flats on the sleeve 9 with a special key or other turning device (not shown in the figures). The tube holder 5 and the sleeve 9 are installed in the housing 1 so that the collection line 4 (Fig. 2, 3) of the housing 1 with a certain rotation of the sleeve 9 is configured to communicate through the radial channels 10 and 11 of the sleeve 9 with the longitudinal channel 6 of the tube holder 5, for example, through the radial hole 14, and the research channel 3 (Fig. 1) of the housing 1 is configured to communicate with the borehole space 15 outside the pipe holder 5, and protrusions or grooves 16 are made below the pipe holder 5 (Fig. 4), interacting with the corresponding internal grooves or protrusion pami 17 housing 1 to prevent rotation, while the sleeve 9 (Fig. 1) is placed in the upper annular extension of the stepped axial channel 2 of the housing 1. The cover 8 can be attached to the housing 1 or by thread, as shown in FIG. 1, either using a flange connection (not shown in the figures), or any other connection that allows you to fix the sleeve 9 from its exit from the housing 1.

The research channel 3 (Fig. 2) and the collection line 4 of the tube head are placed at the same level perpendicular to the axis 18 (Fig. 1) of the housing 1 at an angle α (Fig. 2) along its perimeter, determined by the formula:

,

,

where α is the angle between the research channel 3 and the collection line 4, deg .;

n _min - the minimum permissible distance between the channels, allowing to maintain tightness (overlap value), mm;

D _n - the outer diameter of the sleeve 9, mm;

β ₁ - the angle between diametrically opposite points of the channel in the housing 1 relative to the Central axis of the housing 1, deg .;

β ₂ - the angle between diametrically opposite points of the hole in the sleeve relative to the Central axis of the sleeve, deg.

The literature contains approximate values of n _min , therefore, it is preferable to determine its value experimentally, taking into account the influence of factors such as the working medium, conditional passage, working pressure of the medium and others.

The tightness between the sealing surfaces of the sleeve 9, the housing 1 and the tube holder 5 of the tube head, in addition to providing an overlap value of n _min at low operating pressures (up to 1 MPa) or when producing a highly viscous well medium, is achieved through the manufacture of mating parts either with a slight tightness, or with a minimum the gap between the sealing surfaces. At medium and high working pressures (up to 16 MPa), the tightness is ensured by the choice of the overlap between the channels n _min and the minimum gaps (approximately 0.01 mm) between the sealing surfaces and the periodic supply of sealing lubricant through the grease nipples 19 (Fig. 2) into the channels 20 and 21 of the housing 1 and the sleeve 9, located on the sides of the collection line 4, forming around the collection line 4 of the housing 1, channel 10 of the sleeve 9 and the radial hole 14 of the pipe holder 5 sealing areas. Lubrication also facilitates the rotation of the sleeve 9, creating a constant layer between the sealing surfaces, protects against corrosion, wear, seizing or jamming. The authors do not claim patent protection of the lubrication and sealing system.

The sleeve 9 (Fig. 1) is sealed between the housing 1 and the pipe holder 5 with the possibility of rotation with the help of the rotation unit 13 located in the upper part of the sleeve 9 above the cover 8. If necessary, the sleeve 9 is fixed relative to the pipe holder 5 from axial movement, for example, by a locking ring 22, a circlip or other retainer.

Three channels 10 (Fig. 2), 11 and 12 in the sleeve 9 are made at the same level at the same angle from the middle channel 11, corresponding to the angle a between the research channel 3 and the collection line 4, a groove 24 is made on the inner or outer surface 23 of the sleeve 9 connecting the middle channel 11 with the channel 12, not aligned with the collection line 4, while the channels in the sleeve 9 are made with the possibility of sequential communication with the research channel 3 and the collection line 4 in the housing 1 when the sleeve 9 is rotated inside the housing 1, and the pipe holder 5 is equipped additional products ln channel 25 (Fig. 1), configured to communicate with the research channel 3 of the housing 1 through one of the radial channels 11 or 12 of the sleeve 9.

The operation of the device is as follows.

A casing 1 (Fig. 1) of a pipe head is installed on a production casing of a well or a casing head (not shown in the figures), for example, by means of a threaded or flange or other connection. Accordingly, on the housing 1, a nipple thread should be made in case of connecting to the production casing coupling or a counter flange when connecting to a column flange, or another mating part of the connection.

In place of installation of the cover 8 on the housing 1, a flange is installed (not shown in the figures) for mounting a key (not shown in the figures) for screwing-unscrewing the pipe columns 7 during tripping. After lowering the pipe string 7 with downhole equipment (not shown in the figures) to the required depth, the pipe holder 5 is attached to the upper part of the column 7 together with a sleeve 9 fixed to the pipe holder 5 with a locking ring 22, for example, using a thread 26. The column 7 is suspended on the pipe holder 5 in the upper annular extension of the stepped axial channel 2 of the housing 1, while the grooves 16 (Fig. 3) of the pipe holder 5 must be aligned with the protrusions 17 of the housing 1 in order to orient the radial hole 14 (Fig. 2) of the pipe holder 5 towards the collection line 4 and the longitudinal channel 25 (Fig. 1) - towards the research channel 3.

If necessary, other downhole equipment is lowered into the pipe string 7, for example, a rod string with a rod pump, or a screw pump, or other equipment (not shown in the figures).

A wellhead seal is attached to the upper part of the tube head, for example, to a thread 27, when operating a USHN or a USHVN drive or other equipment (not shown in the figures).

Since the research channel 3 (Fig. 1) in the working position of the sleeve 9 is constantly in communication with the annular space 15, it is assumed that the proposed device at the outlet of the channel 3 is equipped with a shut-off device, for example, an angle valve, crane or other (not shown in the figures). A locking device (not shown in the figures) is also connected to the output of the collection line 4, which, in turn, is connected to the pipeline of the product collection system (not shown in the figures).

If necessary, the channels 20 (Fig. 2) and 21, as well as the gap between the outer surface 23 of the sleeve 9 and the housing 1, are filled with sealing grease through the nipples 19.

After turning on the installation for the production of the borehole medium, for example, USHN, the produced borehole medium (solid arrows (Fig. 2)) from the tubing string 7 (Fig. 1) through the longitudinal channel 6 and the radial hole 14 (Fig. 2) of the pipe holder 5, channel 10 of the sleeve 9 and the collection line 4 of the housing 1 enters the surface pipeline of the product collection system (not shown in the figures). The radial hole 14 of the pipe holder 5, the channel 10 of the sleeve 9 and the collection line 4 of the housing 1 are communicated - this is the working position of the sleeve 9.

When carrying out technological operations, for example, when it is necessary to relieve pressure in the pipe head, flushing the well and other operations, the sleeve 9 is turned by means of the turning unit 13 around axis 18 to the position as shown in FIG. 3 (dash-dot arrow), in which the collection line 4 and the borehole space 15 (Fig. 1) through the groove 24 (Fig. 3) and the channel 12 of the sleeve 9, the longitudinal channel 25 (Fig. 1) of the pipe holder 5 are connected, which allows pressure relief (solid arrows) inside the tube head into the borehole space (Fig. 1) or create a circulation during flushing.

The proposed technical solution makes it possible to dispense with two locking devices instead of three, as on typical valves for USHN or UVHN in PJSC TATNEFT AU 140 × 50, due to the use of a rotary sleeve 4, which functions as one locking device. This eliminates one tap, respectively, the need to manufacture holes and parts for tying the tap (pipe, quick-connect, corner tap, etc.) and flange joints, metal is used more rationally in the design of parts, which can significantly reduce the metal consumption of the reinforcement (up to 50%) compared with the AC 140 × 50.

All details of the tube head are cylindrical in shape, which allows them to be manufactured by turning with a minimum amount of milling work.

The above allows to reduce the cost of reinforcement in the end by about 20%.

The location of the lateral branches of the housing at the same height level allows to reduce the height of the wellhead stuffing box at the wellhead compared to the analog of AShK50 × 14 by approximately 170 mm, respectively, the height of the valve decreases by this value, which, along with facilitating the maintenance of the wellhead valve, leads to a significant reduction in costs for mounting the USHN drive by reducing the filling height under the drive plate.

In the proposed device, it is possible to constructively achieve the equality of the cross section of the technological channels 3, 11 or 12 (Fig. 2) and 27 (Fig. 1), as well as the groove 25 (Fig. 2), which allows washing the downhole equipment with a minimum hydraulic loss in closed cycle, which is almost impossible to implement in the analogue of AShK50 × 14, due to this, operational capabilities are expanded.

The exclusion of holes and connections in the tube head working under pressure reduces the likelihood of failure of the wellhead valves as a whole, so the reliability of its operation will increase.

Thanks to the use of the proposed device, material costs are reduced due to the simplification of the manufacture of the tube head, the operational capabilities are expanded due to the use of both USHN and UVHN, as well as additional technological operations, its reliability is increased due to the simplification of the design, reduction in the number of connections working under pressure, while reducing metal consumption and overall dimensions.

Claims (8)

A tube head including a housing with a stepped axial channel, a lateral research channel and a collection line, a pipe holder installed in the axial channel of the housing for suspension of the lift column, a cover, a sleeve located outside the pipe holder, with radial channels, a rotation unit, the pipe holder and sleeve being installed in the housing so that the collection line of the housing at a certain rotation of the sleeve is configured to communicate through the radial channels of the sleeve with a longitudinal channel of the pipe holder, and the research channel to the housing is made with the possibility of communication with the borehole space outside the pipe holder, and below the pipe holder there are protrusions or grooves interacting with the corresponding internal grooves or protrusions of the housing to prevent rotation, while the sleeve is placed in the upper annular extension of the stepped axial channel of the housing, characterized in that the research channel and the collection line is placed at the same level perpendicular to the axis of the housing at an angle around its perimeter, determined by the formula:

where α is the angle between the research channel and the collection line, deg .; n _min - the minimum permissible distance between the channels, allowing to maintain tightness (overlap value), mm; D _n - the outer diameter of the sleeve, mm; β ₁ - the angle between diametrically opposite points of the channel in the housing relative to the Central axis of the housing, deg .; β ₂ - the angle between diametrically opposite points of the hole in the sleeve relative to the Central axis of the sleeve, deg., moreover, the sleeve is installed hermetically between the housing and the pipe holder with the possibility of rotation using the rotation unit located on top of the sleeve and above the cover, the three channels in the sleeve are made at the same level at the same angle from the middle channel, corresponding to the angle between the research channel and the collection line, on the inside or a groove is made on the outer surface of the sleeve, communicating the middle channel with a channel that is not aligned with the collection line, while the channels in the sleeve are made with the possibility of sequential communication from the channel s in the housing when rotating within the housing sleeve, and pipe holder has an optional longitudinal bore adapted to communicate with the research duct housing through one of the radial sleeve channels.

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