RU2629251C2 - Distractor of facial region muscles of carnivorous animals skull - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary medicine.

SUBSTANCE: distractor of the facial region muscles of the carnivorous skull is characterized by being equipped with two threaded rods with T-shaped handles equipped with locks, two rectangular platforms, blades with holes and grooves providing device fixation and made taking into account the anatomical formula of carnivorous teeth. Semicircular tongues are located at the distal ends of blades. One rod has a strictly rectilinear motion, and on the second rod there is a floating nut that provides a change in the angle of the upper guide relative to the lower guide.

EFFECT: ability of dosed movement of the lower jaw to the required distance in a given direction, with creation of considerable physical exertion.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to veterinary surgery and is intended for the distance of the muscles of the facial part of the skull of carnivores in the pathology of the temporomandibular joint, nerves and muscles of the facial part of the skull of carnivores.

Known device Yu.D. Gershuni (USSR AS No. 993926) for the treatment of fractures of the lower jaw, which is also used for the treatment of fractures of the condylar process of the lower jaw, containing an adjustable head bandage on which a support rod and fragments fixation elements are made, made in the form of a hook mounted on the rod by screw clamp with the ability to move along the rod, the lever associated with the rod using the hinge and the adjusting screw, and a hollow sleeve with a ball end. In this case, spokes are installed in the sleeve by means of a threaded connection. The device contains additional brackets, one of which is connected to a lever on the carrier rod, and the other is mounted with the possibility of movement on the carrier rod, and a tared spring with a screw regulator is located between the additional brackets.

This device is intended for use in humanitarian medicine and, therefore, has several disadvantages that do not allow its use in veterinary practice. The use of this device in animals is impossible, since it involves wearing a head bandage that is attached to the movable soft tissues of the cranial vault (which is impossible in animals), it is bulky, and has a high degree of disability (trauma). The location of the device and the fixing elements closes the review and interferes with surgical access during surgery. In addition, the device cannot be used in veterinary medicine due to the different anatomical structure of the bones of the skull of humans and animals.

In humanitarian medicine, a device is known (RU patent No. 2313302), which provides a metered movement of the lower jaw to the required distance in a given direction to separate the branches with a broken and dislocated condylar process of the lower jaw with the articular surface of the temporal bone. Lowering the lower jaw provides optimal intraoral access to the surgical wound, prevents complications, facilitates the reposition of fragments and reduces the time of surgery. The distractor is equipped with spoke holders, an upper and lower axis for movable mounting of the spoke holder, an upper housing with screws for vertical and horizontal movement and a lower housing with horizontal and vertical rods. The screws for vertical and horizontal movement are mounted in the upper case movably, mutually perpendicularly and along the guides. Guides are located vertically and horizontally. The vertical guides are fixedly fixed to the base of the vertical rod, and the horizontal guides to the base of the aforementioned upper axis. They are movably fixed with retaining rings: a horizontal displacement screw at the base of the aforementioned upper axis, and a vertical displacement screw at the base of the vertical rod. The lower case has upper and lower platforms. The upper platform is movably connected to the lower platform by a screw, which is the axis of rotation of these sites. In the lower platform, a horizontal rod is movably fixed with a screw, on which the lower axis is fixedly mounted. The vertical stem is movably connected to the upper platform.

However, the device has a number of disadvantages, which does not allow its use in veterinary medicine: great trauma due to the installation of rod osteofixers in the flat bones of the skull, the inability to ensure the application of a significant load during distraction of the muscles of the facial part of the skull.

The technical task is to create a device for the distraction of the muscles of the facial part of the skull of carnivores with ankylosis of TMJ and muscle contracture of the facial part of the skull.

The technical result consists in the creation of a less traumatic device that provides the possibility of dosed movement of the lower jaw to the required distance in a given direction, with the creation of significant physical load (more than 39 kg / cm ² , which is approximately equal to 400 kg).

The technical problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved in the inventive distractor of the muscles of the facial part of the skull of carnivores, characterized in that it is equipped with two threaded rods with T-shaped handles, equipped with clamps, two square-shaped pads, blades with holes and recesses that provide fixation of the device and made taking into account the anatomical formula of the teeth of carnivores, moreover, the semicircular tongues are located on the distal ends of the shoulder blades, while one stem has a of linear motion, and the second rod is a floating nut, providing the change in the angle position of the upper rail relative to the lower rail.

The claimed device is illustrated by figures.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a muscle distractor of the facial part of the skull of carnivores (side view), where

1 - vertical stock; 2 - T-shaped handles; 3 - guides; 4 - floating nut; 5 - clamps; 6 - blades; 7 - recesses; 8 - holes for the teeth; 9 - languages.

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a muscle distractor of the facial part of the skull of carnivores (top view), where

1 - vertical stock; 2 - T-shaped handles; 3 - guides; 4 - floating nut; 5 - clamps; 6 - blades; 7 - recesses; 8 - holes for the teeth; 9 - languages.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows the muscle distractor of the facial part of the skull of carnivores at the time of placement of the distractor in the oral cavity.

In FIG. Figure 4 shows the muscle distractor of the facial part of the skull of carnivores at the time of maximum decompression of the muscles of the facial part of the skull of carnivores.

The muscle distractor of the facial part of the carnivorous skull (MLCP) (Fig. 1, 2) contains two vertical rods 1 with a standard metric thread along the entire length of the stem, two T-shaped arms 2 equipped with clamps 5, for moving the T-shaped arms 2 along the horizontal axis with possible fixation of the handle 2 in a comfortable position. One rod has a strictly rectilinear movement, necessary so that the guides 3 of the blades 6 do not disperse relative to each other, the second rod enters the floating nut 4, which provides a change in the angle of the upper guide relative to the lower guide. The guides in the initial position are parallel to each other. If necessary, it is possible to change the divergence angle by 5 ° in either one or the other direction by means of the floating nut 4. The maximum divergence of the guides 3 is 150 mm. The guides 3 at the distal end pass into the scapula 6, which has a complex shape corresponding to the anatomical and morphological formula of the dentofacial apparatus of carnivores. The distal section of the shoulder blades 6 is equipped with tongues 9 of a semicircular shape. In the scapula there are 2 holes 8 of an oval shape of different diameters in accordance with the sizes of premolars and molars. Between the holes 8 on the horizontal plane there is a recess 7, which provides a fixed placement of teeth on the scapula 6. All edges of the scapula 6 are blunt and rounded, which avoids trauma to soft tissues.

The MLCP distractor operates as follows. After neuroleptoanalgesia is performed on the lateral side of the animal’s tongue, the device is inserted into the physiological gap between the canine and the 2nd premolar (Fig. 3). The gradual movement of the distractor leads to the placement of the animal’s teeth in the recesses 7 and the holes 8 of the scapula 6. The sites 3 of the distractor are perpendicular to the skull of the carnivores. After stabilization of the device, they start unloading the TMJ and decompressing the muscles of the facial part of the skull of carnivores (Fig. 4). For this, threaded rods 1 are used one by one, moving them to the required distance due to T-shaped handles 2 using clamps 5. As a result of unloading the TMJ and decompressing the muscles of the facial part of the carnivorous skull, it is possible to carry out medical procedures in the open oral cavity of the animal from the contralateral side. After carrying out the necessary manipulations, the apparatus is decompressed by turning the handles 2 in the opposite direction.

Thus, a device is proposed that allows reliable low-traumatic decompression of the muscles of the facial part of the carnivorous skull in the case of TMJ ankylosis, arthrosis, damage to nerves and muscles of the facial part of the skull. This ensures a sufficient dosed load in the right direction and does not cause trauma to the surrounding tissue.

Claims (2)

1. The muscle distractor of the facial part of the skull of carnivores, characterized in that it is equipped with two threaded rods with T-shaped arms, equipped with clamps, two rectangular pads, shoulder blades with holes and recesses that secure the device and are made taking into account the anatomical formula of carnivorous teeth animals, moreover, the semicircular tongues are located at the distal ends of the shoulder blades, while one rod has a strictly rectilinear movement, and on the second rod there is a floating nut, echivayuschaya change in the angle position of the upper rail relative to the lower rail. 2. The muscle distractor of the facial part of the carnivorous skull according to claim 1, characterized in that all the edges of the shoulder blades have a blunt rounded shape to protect soft tissues from injury.

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