RU2629185C2 - Drilling rig - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: drilling rig contains a drilling mast, a movable passing rotor that performs descent and lifting of the drill string, a drill pipe manipulator with the ability to move its grip to the accumulation site and back, a carousel barrel of a drum type, located on the opposite side of the movable rotator, providing for the drill pipe to be extended upwards from the next cell of the rack when the drill string is lowered or the drill pipe to be lowered onto its setback as it is raised. Reception, holding and release of the upper ends of the drill pipes in the cells of the rack automatically effected as a result of the force interaction of the moving drill pipes with the spring grips of the cells, as well as the stationery pipe screwing device. The drill pipes manipulator is located in the upper part of the mast with the possibility of rotating around its axis by 180º, as well as performing operations to install a drill pipe on the drill string when screwing with the column and detaching it from the latter while unscrewing, while the passing rotor, during screwing and unscrewing of the drill pipe by a pipe screwing device, performs its idle run of lifting and lowering, respectively, during columns lowering and lifting. The carousel pipe rack contains two rotating drum magazines located on a common base, which is rotatable about its axis, so that in the operating position of the drilling rig the vertical plane passing through the axes of these racks is located on its longitudinal axis, and in the transport position - perpendicular to this axis.

EFFECT: automation of running in and out with their time alignment, simplifying and increasing the reliability of the structure.

2 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to drilling rigs, mainly self-propelled and mobile, with a movable rotator used in drilling geological prospecting and exploratory wells.

Known drilling rig, which is the closest analogue of the proposed and adopted as its prototype / 1 /. This installation provides automation of hoisting operations (STR) with combining them in time. The installation used: a tetrahedral mast with a movable base, i.e. with the possibility of its rotation in the first embodiment by 90 ° in one or the other direction, and in the second - by 180 ° in one direction and vice versa, moreover, in the first embodiment of the mast, two drum magazines of the candle holder are used, which are installed opposite the side faces of the mast, in the second - one drum magazine, two elevators in the form of movable rotators located on opposite sides of the mast. This allows you to automatically disconnect and attach a drill plug and transfer it from the axis of the well to the place of their accumulation and vice versa, automatically and simultaneously with lifting or lowering the drill string, and also ensure that the loaded drill string is working simultaneously with idle

However, the disadvantage of such an installation, on the one hand, is that the rotating mast and the presence of two movable rotators significantly complicate the installation.

On the other hand, the capacity of the candle holder of such a drilling rig allows one to drill wells using, for example, the most popular drill pipes with a diameter of 69.9 mm WL complex, with a depth of not more than 300 m, although the actual well depths during prospecting and exploratory drilling using such pipes reach mainly 500 and more meters.

The objective of the invention is that a drilling rig that performs an automated STR process with combining them in time, on the one hand, is simpler in design than the prototype and, therefore, more reliable, and on the other hand, the capacity of its candle-receiving device would be the maximum of the conditions specified by the dimensions and minimum working passages established for self-propelled and mobile drilling rig.

To solve the problem in a drilling rig containing a drill mast, a movable through-feed rotator, a drill stick manipulator with the ability to move its grip to the accumulation site and vice versa, a drum-type carousel located on the opposite side of the movable rotator allows the candles to extend upward from the next store cell when lowering the drill string, or lowering the candle on its candlestick when lifting it, moreover, the reception of holding and releasing the upper ends of the candles in the cells the store is carried out automatically as a result of the force interaction of the moving candle with spring grips of the cells, as well as stationary pipe rotation, the candle manipulator is located in the upper part of the mast with the possibility of rotation around its axis by 180 °, as well as the operations of installing the candle on the drill string when screwing with the string and disconnecting it from the latter when unscrewing, while the through-rotator, in the process of screwing and unscrewing the candle with a pipe-turn, performs its idle lift and descent, respectively, during the descent and ascent of the column, and the roundabout candle holder contains two rotating drum magazines located on a common base that can rotate around its axis, so that in the working position of the rig, a vertical plane passing through the axis of these magazines is located on its longitudinal axis, and in the transport - perpendicular to this axis.

In FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a self-propelled drilling rig, which can be implemented with a candle (pipe) length of 3.0; 4.5 and 6.0 m. The total length of the installation in the transport position according to the indicated candle lengths, respectively, is 7800; 9300 and 10800 mm, width 2550 mm, and height 3700 mm, which does not go beyond the established requirements for the dimensions of vehicles.

The drilling rig includes a drill mast 2, a movable rotator 3 through passage, a manipulator 4 with a retractable hydraulic gripper and a device for moving it in a vertical plane during manipulations with a candle (not shown), two candle stands located on the opposite side from the movable rotator of the rotating drum magazine 5 installed on their common basis 1 with a 180 ° rotation device, device 6 for extending a candle holder from a magazine or lowering a candle into it, stationary pipe turn 7. Application the last one in the presence of the movable rotary head enables the use of suppositories formulated from multiple tubes.

The inventive drilling rig allows you to solve the problem, the first part of which is to ensure automation of STR with combining them in time, but with a simpler and, therefore, more reliable design.

Indeed, from the presented cyclogram (Fig. 2) it follows that, for example, during the descent of the drill string (Fig. 1 a, c), the manipulator 4 is rotated 180 °, its grip is advanced onto the axis of the candle located in the magazine 5, the rod device 6 of the store moves the candle up until its upper end enters the grip of the manipulator, and the latter, capturing the candle, with a given force removes it from the spring grip of the store and starts moving it to the axis of the well. By the time the column is lowered and placed in the pipe 7, the candle is on the axis of the well, and the manipulator 4 lowers it to the top of the column, acting as a centralizer of the candle in the process of subsequently screwing it to the column by means of pipe 7. 7. At the same time as the candle is transferred to the axis of the well (Fig. 1, d) the through-rotator 3 is freed from the column, in the process of screwing it with a candle, it idles up to the upper end of the candle, capturing the column at the moment of screwing, and after mastering wandering her from the pipe 7 produces the next cycle of its descent.

From the cyclogram it follows that the lifting operation is performed similarly and the time spent on one descent and lifting a 6-meter candle is 48 seconds in total, which is close to the similar indicator of the prototype. In relation to the conventional technology of sequential execution of STRs when working with the same take-away candle, the time spent is almost half that due to the automation of operations, combining them in time and the complete absence of manual labor.

Replacing the rotating mast and the second movable rotator with a simpler in design manipulator significantly reduces the cost and increases the reliability of the proposed drilling rig.

The second part of the task, which consists in providing the maximum possible capacity of the candle, due to the requirements for the maximum dimensions of a self-propelled or mobile drilling rig and minimum working passages in accordance with safety regulations, can also be solved by the claimed drilling rig

Indeed, in the working position of the drilling rig, the vertical plane passing through the axis of the drum stores of the candle holder, by turning its base, is located on its longitudinal axis, as a result of which one of the stores is installed at the mast to perform the functions of the candle holder in the STR, and the other in the standby position. After emptying the store (when lowering the column) or filling it (when lifting) with candles, the STR process stops for a few seconds, the base 1 of the candle holder is rotated 180 °, the shops change places, and the process of automatically completing the STR continues (Fig. 1, a, c, d )

To translate the rig into transport position by turning the base 1 of the candle holder 90 °, the vertical plane passing through the axis of the magazines takes a perpendicular position with respect to the longitudinal axis of the rig platform and the mast with the candle holder are lowered (Fig. 1, b, e).

Consider the capacity of the candle holder self-propelled drilling rig, adopted for the prototype of the claimed. According to the safety regulations for geological exploration (clause 5.3.2.) For mobile and self-propelled drilling rigs, the working passage must be at least 700 mm / 2 /. Given this magnitude of the working aisles, the diameter of each of the two magazines in the first variant of the accumulation of candles (when the mast is rotated 90 ° to one side and the other) is 275 mm and one magazine in the second version (when the mast is rotated 180 ° to one side and back) - 1140 mm. For the comparison base, we take the second option of accumulation, since it provides twice the capacity of the candles than the first (1140 / 275⋅2 = 2.07). One magazine with a diameter of 1140 mm accommodates 48 drill pipes with a diameter of 69.9 mm.

Given that the proposed drilling rig uses two magazines 5 with a diameter of 1140 mm (see Fig. 1), the number of accumulated candles (pipes) doubles, i.e. becomes equal to 96 pcs., and the achieved well depth using drill pipes with a diameter of 69.9 mm and a length of 6 m increases from 288 to 576 m.

In the table. Table 1 shows the possible drilling depths of a self-propelled drilling rig with automated STR, depending on the diameter and length of the candle (pipe).

Table 1

From the above table. 1 it follows that the capacity of the candle holder of the proposed drilling rig allows to double the possible depths of drilling of geological prospecting and exploratory wells. Depths of wells with automatic shutdown automation during conventional drilling and the WL complex reach more than 700 m.

Literature:

1. The drilling rig. Patent for invention No. 2549650. “Bulletin of inventions” 2015, No. 12;

2. Safety rules for exploration. PB08-37-2005.

Claims (1)

A drilling rig containing a drill mast, a movable through-feed rotator that launches and raises the drill string, a drill stick manipulator with the ability to move its grip to and from the accumulation point, located on the opposite side of the movable rotator, a drum-type carousel that allows the candles to extend upward from the next cell store when lowering the drill string or lowering the candle on its candlestick when it is raised, and the reception, retention and release of the upper ends of the candles it is carried out automatically in the cells of the store as a result of the force interaction of the moving candle with spring grips of the cells, as well as a stationary pipe-turn, characterized in that the candle manipulator is located in the upper part of the mast with the possibility of rotation around its axis by 180 °, as well as the installation of the candle on the drill string when screwing up with the string and disconnecting it from the latter when unscrewing, while the through-rotator, in the process of screwing and unscrewing the spark plug by turning, It performs its idle ascent and descent, respectively, during the descent and ascent of the column, and the rotary candle holder contains two rotating drum magazines located on a common base that can rotate around its axis, so that in the working position of the drilling rig a vertical plane passing through the axis of these magazines , is located on its longitudinal axis, and in the transport - perpendicular to this axis.

Images