RU2628415C2 - Technical objects protection device from destructive elements mechanical impact - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapon and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: protection device consists of the flexible barrier, fixed around the perimeter of the object skin section from its inner side in the vital units location zone. The area of the flexible barrier set in the non-stretched state is chosen from the relation S_FB≥1.15 S_SS, where S_FB - flexible barrier area, S_SS - protected skin section area.

EFFECT: increase of the protected object combat survivability, while maintaining its specified operational and physical characteristics.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to means of protection against mechanical impact of damaging elements and can be used to increase the combat survivability of stationary and moving technical objects, for example, aircraft under the influence of high-speed elements of remote weapons.

Known devices for the protection of vital units and crews of vehicles from mechanical impact of damaging ballistic elements of remote destruction weapons, made in the form of armored structural elements of their lining and frame, or in the form of individual armored elements placed outside or inside the vehicle (O. Rastrenin. Sturmovik IL-2. “Flying Tank.” Yauza, Eksmo. 2008 160 s .; V. Mikheev. Mi-8. 40 years old. Normal flight. Polygon press. 2001 52 s .; US patent No. US 6523450 B1, IPC F41 5/04, CL USA 89/36. 11, publ. 02.25.2003 g.).

Their common drawback is a significant increase in the mass of protected objects. In addition, when placing armored elements outside the protected objects, the characteristics of moving objects associated with their movement in a gas-liquid medium deteriorate, for example, the aerodynamic quality of aircraft; when placing armored elements inside the protected objects, their useful volume decreases.

Known protective devices consisting of two layers installed with a gap between them (“Armor”, USSR author's certificate No. 66138, CL 72g 3/01, publ. 04/30/1946; “Ballistic armor” (“Ballistic armor”), patent US application No. US 2005/0257677 A1, IPC F 41Η 5/02, CL US 89/36. 02, publ. 24.11.2005).

Technical solutions for these analogues make it possible to reduce the weight parameters of armor protection while maintaining comparable combat survivability indicators, however, they fully suffer from the drawbacks of previous analogues in terms of deterioration of the tactical and technical characteristics of protected objects. In addition, the continuous improvement of means of destruction requires a further increase in the reliability of protection, which is possible in analogs by increasing the thickness of the armor, which leads to a further deterioration in the characteristics of objects of protection, including their weight parameters.

The closest technical solution to the claimed is the "Method of forming light anti-ricochet and anti-fragmentation protection of the transport module and device for its implementation" (RF patent No. 2295464, IPC B60R 21/12, F41H 5/04, F41H 7/04, publ. 20.03.2007 ) The device includes a spatial frame of the protected vehicle with which an external protection layer made in the form of metal armor sheets is connected, and an internal protection layer located at a distance from the external protection layer. The layer of internal protection is made of separate elements - screens of flexible armor, each of which is stretched around its perimeter and fixed on the spatial frame inside the module.

The technical result of the solution according to the prototype is to minimize the loss of personnel by preventing a rebound from the inner walls of the outer armor. The striking element, according to the prototype, pierces the outer armor plate, the inner flexible armor, flies through the inner protected space, pierces the inner flexible armor on the opposite wall of the vehicle, ricochets from the inner side of the outer armor sheet and finally loses energy, getting a second time on the inner flexible armor , that is, does not go into the protected space a second time. Since, flying through the protected space, the striking element has enough energy to penetrate the layer of internal flexible armor on the opposite wall, it poses a threat to both the personnel and the equipment located in the protected space, that is, it does not protect the contents of the protected space from the striking elements .

The prototype also has inherent disadvantages of technical solutions by analogs: the weighting of the structure of the protected object, since the layer of external protection is made of armored metal sheets; for aircraft — aerodynamic performance deterioration, as the armor plates of external protection are located outside the protected object.

The technical result, the achievement of which the claimed device is directed, is to provide a given level of combat survivability of the protected object by increasing the reliability of protection of its vital units while maintaining the specified tactical and technical characteristics without a significant increase in mass.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the protection device, consisting of a flexible barrier, fixed around the perimeter of the area of the skin of the protected object from its inner side in the area of the location of vital units, the area of the flexible barrier is selected from the ratio S _GP ≥1,15 S _UO , where S _GP - the area of the flexible barrier, S _UO - the area of the plating area.

The essence of the invention is as follows.

From everyday practice, confirmed by sources (Film polymer materials and artificial leather. Method for determining puncture resistance. GOST 12.4.118-82; Leopold T. Folienherstellung: Anlagenvarianten fur hauchdunnen Schutz // Kun-ststoffe. 2012. Bd. 102 / Nr. 7. S. 64-68; L. Ederle, T. Bergman, I. Putsch. Modern extrusion technology. Journal. Polymer materials. 2014 / No. 11. S.12-17), it is known that flexible material, widely used in different industries, has the property of increasing the resistance to puncture in a free, unstretched state while maintaining strength characteristics characteristics in the longitudinal and transverse directions. A flexible barrier of the proposed device is fixed around the perimeter of the plating section from its inner side in the zone of the location of vital units, while its area exceeds the area of the protected area. Thus, the problem of fixing it in the constructive state of "loose" (sagging) is solved, which is achieved by the effect of increasing its resistance to the impact of striking elements.

Experimental studies show (D. Berezovsky, V. Belyaev. Investigation of the obstructive action of the stream of secondary fragments of remote weapons on the units of aircraft systems. Proceedings of the IX international conference "Aviation and Cosmonautics - 2010". Moscow November 16-18, 2010. St. Petersburg: print workshop , 2010. - 354 pp. 66; E. Ilyinov, D. Berezovsky. Research on the combat survivability of fighters according to the functional state of vital units of the airframe and engine systems. Research report, code "Akrid", state registration number 1609352, inv No. U3647. VUNTS "Air Force Academy named after Professor N.E. Zhukovsky and Yu.A. Gagarin", 2014) that to ensure the combat survivability of the protected object, it is not necessary to absolutely (completely) prevent the mechanical impact of damaging elements on its units and systems, but it is enough to reduce the strength of their penetrative action, i.e. reduce the effect of the total impulse of the damaging elements on the units and systems.

Each element (unit) has a margin of safety, which corresponds to the maximum impact impulse I _Pre , exceeding which leads to a failure to fulfill the specified functions of the unit. That is, a decrease in the initial momentum of the striking element I _0PE = m _0PE V _0PE , where m _0PE is the mass of the striking element, V _0PE is its initial speed, up to the value I _Pre does not lead to the failure of the protected unit of the protected object and the whole object. A certain decrease in the momentum I _{0ПЭ is} provided by the sheathing of the protected object itself without the use of additional barriers. However, this decline is often not enough. In addition, the interaction of the striking element with the casing causes it to crush into secondary fragments, which fly apart in a cone with an expansion angle of 40-75 ° depending on the thickness of the casing (D. Berezovsky, V. Belyaev. Investigation of the straddling effect of the stream of secondary fragments of distant destruction means on aggregates aircraft systems. Proceedings of the IX international conference "Aviation and Cosmonautics - 2010. Moscow, November 16-18, 2010. St. Petersburg: print workshop, 2010. - 354 p. 66), becoming secondary impact factors with an impulse I _{B Oh} . That is, to solve the problem, it is necessary to reduce the total impact pulse to the value I _∑ = I _0PE + ∑I _IN ≤I _Prev .

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where

- in FIG. 1 presents a diagram of the proposed device;

- in FIG. 2 is a kinematic diagram of the mechanical effect of the striking elements on the protected object: a) when the striking element moves towards the object, b) when the striking element is introduced into the skin of the protected object, c) when the striking element and the resulting secondary fragments are introduced into the flexible barrier of the protection device and their residual impact on protected elements;

- in FIG. 3 - an example of the application of the proposed device on the glider of the aircraft for the protection of vital aggregates (plating sections with installed flexible barrier according to the invention are highlighted in color).

The drawings show: 1 - a flexible barrier of the claimed device; 2 - a section of the skin of the protected object in the zone of the location of vital aggregates; 3 - vital aggregates of the protected object; 4 - damaging element; 5 - secondary fragments.

The protection device contains a flexible barrier 1, fixed around the perimeter of the area 2 of the skin of the protected object in the area of its functional elements 3.

As the material of the flexible barrier 1 of the device, any known material is used installed in at least one layer with the required strength and flexibility characteristics, for example, widely used Kevlar fabric, twaron or para-aramid fiber fabrics characterized by high strength (Kevlar 3-5.5 times stronger than steel) and weight properties (Kevlar is 5.4 times lighter than steel) (Composite Materials Handbook: in 2 books; edited by J. Lubin; Translated from English by A. B. Geller, M.M. Helmont; Edited by B.E. Geller. - M: Mechanical Engineering, 1988 .-- 448 p.: Ill.).

The flexible barrier 1 can be fixed on the sheathing section 2 directly or through intermediate structural elements, which can be used as elements of the power set of the body of the object of protection, as well as special structural elements, made taking into account the expediency of their installation in the specific structural conditions of the location of the claimed devices on the body of the protected object.

The connection of the flexible barrier 1 and section 2 of the casing (including through additional structural elements) is carried out by known methods and (or) their combination - riveting, welding, adhesive, using glue-riveting, bolt, bolt-rivet and other technologies used in industry .

Thus, the fundamental possibility of implementing the claimed technical solution is provided by well-known technical means.

The protection device from the mechanical effects of damaging elements works as follows.

In FIG. 2 is a kinematic diagram illustrating the sequence of interaction of the striking element and the object protected using the proposed device:

a) when moving to the area 2 of the skin of the object of protection, the striking element 4 has an initial impulse I _0PE = m _{0 PE} V _{0 PE} , where m _{0 PE} is the mass of the striking element, V _{0 PE} is its speed when approaching the skin (initial speed);

b) the lining section 2, in contact with the damaging element 4, takes up part of its impact energy, under the influence of impact loading, the element 4 is destroyed, crushed into secondary fragments 5. In this case, the element 4 loses speed to a value of V _0PE <V _0PE , the impulse of its impact impact decreases to I _0PE = m _{0 PE} V _{0 PE} <I _{0 PE} - Secondary fragments 5 receive an impulse I _1VO = m _{VO 1 VBO} , where m _{VO is the} mass of the secondary fragment, V _1BO is its speed. At the same time, due to energy costs for destruction by the striking element of the casing, the total momentum of the secondary fragments is _{ВО 1BOO} <1 _Ope - Next, the striking element 4, together with the formed secondary fragments 5, continues to move to the flexible barrier 1 of the device;

c) the flexible barrier 1 of the device, in contact with the damaging element 4, extinguishes its speed to zero value V _2PE = 0, respectively, extinguishing the impulse to I _2PE = 0, or significantly reduces the speed to the value V _2PE <V _1PE <U _0PE , respectively decreasing the momentum to the value I _2PE = m _0PE V _2PE <I _1PE <I _0PE . Secondary fragments 5 either completely lose their energy on the flexible barrier 1 of the device to the value I _1BO = 0, or most of their energy is dissipated, reducing their impact on the protected units 3 (I _2ВО <I _1ВО , and ∑I _2ВО to << ΣI _1BO by reducing the speed and number of secondary fragments, some of which remain on the flexible barrier 1, and reducing the energy of the fragments breaking through the barrier 1).

These circumstances lead to a decrease in the total momentum of the striking element 4 and secondary fragments 5 to the value Ι∑ = I _2PE + ∑I _2BO <I _Pre , which is not enough to break through the protected elements 3 of the object. Vital elements 3 receive minor damage, not leading to a disruption in the performance of specified functions. Thus, the combat survivability of the protected object increases under the influence of damaging elements along its functional units.

Experimental studies (D. Berezovsky, V. Belyaev. Investigation of the straddling effect of the stream of secondary fragments of remote weapons on the units of aircraft systems. Proceedings of the IX international conference "Aviation and Cosmonautics - 2010". Moscow November 16-18, 2010. St. Petersburg: print workshop, 2010. - 354 p. 66) on the front-line fighter it is confirmed that the use of a flexible barrier made of Kevlar material installed in a tense state reduces the number of secondary fragments of the striking elements, the impact constituent units at 85%, thereby increasing the probability of a combat mission aircraft by 13-16%.

The installation of a barrier made of Kevlar fabric with similar characteristics in accordance with the invention, that is, when its area exceeds the area of the protected section of the casing, ensuring its "tension" (sagging), significantly reduces the number and energy of secondary fragments affecting the aggregates, and reduces the energy of the striking element. In this case, the optimal effect is achieved when the area of the flexible barrier exceeds the area of the protected area by at least 15%, that is, if the condition S _GP ≥1.15S _{UO is} fulfilled. In this case, the number of secondary fragments acting on the aggregates decreases by 95-97%, the energy of the damaging element itself decreases to a value sufficient only to form dents on vital aggregates that do not lead to their failure. The probability of completing a combat mission by an aircraft increases by 15-18%.

The proposed protection device can be incorporated in the design of the protected objects at the design stage and without significant costs can be installed on ready-made in-use products.

The use of the inventive device does not violate the compositional integrity of the contours of the body of the object of protection, incorporated during its design, which is especially important for objects moving in a gas-liquid environment, for example, for aircraft.

A significant advantage of the proposed device is the possibility of its application both to individual integral structural elements of protected objects, for example, for an aircraft - engine nacelles, hinged containers, the fuselage as a whole, and locally on the body - at the locations of units requiring increased security, as shown in FIG. . 3.

The use of the invention provides a given level of combat survivability of the protected object under the mechanical impact of damaging elements while maintaining its specified tactical and technical characteristics and lower mass costs for armor protection compared to analogues.

Claims (1)

A device for protecting technical objects from the mechanical effects of damaging elements, consisting of a flexible barrier fixed along the perimeter of the area of the skin of the object from its inner side in the zone of the location of vital units, characterized in that the area of the flexible barrier installed in an unstretched state is selected from the relation S _GP ≥1.15S _UO , where S _GP is the area of the flexible barrier, S _UO is the area of the skin area.

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