RU2628373C2 - Non-destructive preparation method of pile materials, down and fur raw materials and semi-finished product sample for the analysis and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: device for non-destructive preparation of the pile materials, down and fur raw materials and semi-finished products sample for analysis includes the base and movable probes. The probes are made in the form of two parallel plates, each of which contains the working and fixing zone on one of the ribs. The mounting area of each plate is fixed on the basis forming the rotating couple, with ability to move apart the plates into different directions, and the rib plates form the gap with the base in the working area. The distance between the plates corresponds to the width of the analysed material blank specified sample. The plates working area length is at least half of the material sample maximum size. The method is concluded in placing the analysed material in the gap between the movably fastened between each other the base and the probes. The plate are moved apart in different directions and remove the hairs or pile, attached to the allocated area, into the opposite directions. Allocate the material sample for the analysis.

EFFECT: improvement of the quality, convenience and accuracy of sampling, its safety and integrity from the pile materials samples, down and fur raw materials and semi-finished product.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the fur, textile, clothing industry, as well as to agriculture and measuring equipment, and is intended to study the properties of fur and pile materials.

To study the properties of pile materials, fur and raw materials and semi-finished products, it is necessary to prepare a sample of material for research. Known methods for quantifying the geometric characteristics of the hairline of fur skins, for example, measuring thickness, height, density, etc. In the study of natural fur, it is necessary to take into account the topography of the skin and highlight individual sections of the material, for which methods of destructive sample preparation for research are often used.

There is a method of preparing fur and fur raw materials for research, in which the skin is cut into pre-marked stripes [B. Kuznetsov Fundamentals of commodity science of fur and fur raw materials / Ed. M.E. Sergeeva. - M., 1952, 509 p., P. 66-67]. A known method of preparing pile materials for research [GOST 3815.1-93 Materials pile. Methods for determining the quality of the pile.], In which elementary samples are cut from the material. The disadvantage of the described methods is the destruction of the test sample of the material to a state that cannot be restored.

A known method of non-destructive preparation of pile materials for research [GOST 3815.4-93 Materials pile. A method for determining pile height and pile material thickness], in which the material is bent along the weft threads and a plate is inserted into the formed loop, the loop is pulled along the edge of the plate, and then a study is carried out. The disadvantage of the described method is the impossibility of its application for the study of fur-fur raw materials and the limited use only for studying the thickness of pile materials and the height of the pile.

A device for non-destructive evaluation of the geometric characteristics of pile materials [RU 2182707, IPC G01N 33/44], in which the preparation of fur-fur raw materials for research, is carried out using a table and pressure racks located on a movable support. The disadvantage of this device is the inability to use it to conduct a different type of research, in addition to studying the geometric characteristics of materials.

The closest prototype of the invention is a device for non-destructive assessment of the thickness of the fur coat of the fur [RU 2206617, IPC C14B 17/00], in which the preparation of fur-fur raw materials for research is carried out using a clip to highlight a vertical hair bundle made in the form of a base and movable probes, performing reciprocating motion. The disadvantage of the described device is the limited use of the selected hair bundle only for studying the density of the fur.

An object of the invention is to improve the quality, convenience and accuracy of sampling from samples of pile materials, fur materials and semi-finished products and the "standardization" of samples. Preparation of samples of fur-fur raw materials, semi-finished products and pile materials for research ensures their safety and integrity, as well as compatibility with other methods, instruments and tools used to study the properties of fur and pile materials when establishing grades, quality assessment, certification and laboratory research.

The problem is solved in that in the device for non-destructive sample preparation of pile materials, fur materials and semi-finished products for research, including the base and movable probes, according to the invention, the probes are made in the form of two parallel plates, each of which contains a working and mounting zone on one from ribs; the fastening zone of each plate is fixed to the base with the formation of a rotational pair, with the possibility of the plates spreading in different directions, and in the working area the edges of the plates form a gap with the base. The distance between the plates corresponds to the width of a given sample of the sample of the studied material. The length of the working area of the plates is at least half the maximum size of the sample material. The method of non-destructive preparation of a sample of pile materials, fur materials and semi-finished products for research involves placing the test material in the gap between the movably fastened base and probes made in the form of 2 parallel plates, spreading the plates in different directions, removing hair or pile, adjacent to the allocated site in opposite directions, the selection of a sample of material for research.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1 is a general view of the device in its initial position.

FIG. 2 is a general view of the device in the operating position.

FIG. 3 is a view of the device in the initial position with the material located between the base and the plates.

FIG. 4 is a view of the device in a working position with a section of material allocated to the study.

In FIG. 1 and 2, a device is shown in which two parallel plates 2 are fixed on the base 1. The plates 2 on one of the ribs have a working zone 3 and a fixing zone 4. The plates 2 are fixed in the fixing zone 4 perpendicular to the base 1, parallel to each other (Fig. one). The distance between the plates depends on the material being tested. For example, to investigate small-sized skins, a 10 mm wide section is distinguished. For the study of large-sized hides, in practice it is customary to allocate a section 40 mm wide. For pile materials according to the requirements of GOST 3815.1-93, a 50 mm wide section is allocated.

The length of the working zone 3 of the plate edge is more than half the maximum size of the sample of the studied material. For example, for skins of small size, the length of the working zone of 350-400 mm is sufficient.

The fastening zone 4 of the ribs of each plate is connected to the base 1, for example, using a piano loop, while receiving a rotational pair. The latches of the initial position of the plates 5 provide a parallel position of the plates 2 relative to each other. The latches are placed on the plates and / or the base and are designed so that they do not interfere with the ongoing study.

The rotational pair formed by the plates and the base allows the material to be bent over a wide range of angles, which are selected depending on the type of study, if required by the research methodology.

The device contains end position locks, the task of which is to hold the plates after they are bred at a given angle relative to the base.

In the working area 3, the ribs of the plates 2 form a gap with the base 1, in which the test material is placed.

The width of the gap depends on the thickness of the skin tissue of the test material or on the thickness of the pile material between the rows of pile bundles.

FIG. 2 shows a view of the device with the plates 2 apart, this position of the device is necessary to highlight a portion of the material. The preferred plate opening angle of 90 ° with respect to the starting position shown in FIG. one.

FIG. 3 shows a device with material 6 located in the gap 7 between the base 1 and the folded plates 2.

On the base 1 in the gap between the plates 2 and the base place the material 6, translational movement along the working area of the plates 2.

The material is placed under the working area of 3 plates 2 in the direction of hair growth, either against or at any other angle depending on the type of study to which the material will be subjected.

FIG. 4 shows material 6 with a selected portion of material 8. The material 6 is placed on the base 1 under the working area of the plates 2, then the plates are parted in opposite directions. The plates 2 extend the hair located outside the test area in opposite directions, making it possible to study the selected area of the material 8.

The width of each plate is greater than the hair length of the fur-fur raw material and semi-finished product or the length of the pile of pile material.

The length of the working zone 3 (Fig. 2) of the rib of each plate is at least half the maximum size of the sample of the studied material.

The plates are made of a form-stable material, ensuring the preservation of the shape of the plates under loads.

From FIG. 1-4 it is seen that the front and lower ribs of the working area of the plates are sharpened. The degree of sharpening of the ribs of the plates determines the type of material being studied and the need to maintain the integrity of the test material.

The degree of sharpening of the ribs of the plates affects the accuracy of the selection of the sample of the studied material, which is especially important when studying small skins with thin hair, such as chinchillas.

To preserve the test material, to prevent puncture and cut of the material by the plates, their working areas are rounded and polished.

If, during the placement of the material, some hair or villi become deformed, bent or wrinkled, the test area can be combed, hair or villi can be straightened using a stream of air, a brush, a comb, etc.

If the hair of the material under study is particularly long and deform under its own weight, the device is turned over so that the hair straightens under the influence of gravity.

The proposed method and device is used to isolate samples of material sections when studying the properties of fur and pile materials using contact, non-contact, optical, metric, radiation, organoleptic and other methods.

The device and method provide improved quality, convenience and accuracy of sampling from samples of pile materials, fur and raw materials and semi-finished products and "standardization" of samples when establishing grading, quality assessment, certification and laboratory research. The device and method allows precise control of sampling, their size (area), i.e. receive parallel samples completely identical.

The proposed device is compatible with other instruments and tools used to assess the quality of fur and pile materials. The device is convenient to transport and use due to its small overall dimensions, light weight and ease of use.

Claims (3)

1. A device for non-destructive preparation of samples of pile materials, fur materials and semi-finished products for research, including a base and movable probes, characterized in that the probes are made in the form of two parallel plates, each of which contains a working and mounting zone on one of the ribs, the fastening zone of each plate is fixed to the base with the formation of a rotational pair with the possibility of the plates spreading in different directions, where the distance between the plates corresponds to the width of a given sample of the sample of the material la, and in the working zone of the rib plate a gap is formed with a base, wherein the test material is placed. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the length of the working area of the plates is at least half the maximum size of the sample material. 3. The method of non-destructive preparation of a sample of pile materials, fur materials and semi-finished products for research using the device according to claim 1, characterized in that the test material is placed in the gap between the base movably fastened to each other and the plates under the working area of the plates, the plates are bred into different sides and thereby push apart the hair or pile located outside the study area, in opposite directions, provide the selection of a sample of material for research.

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