RU2626849C2 - Method of environmentally safe development of roadsides of automobile main roads and highways - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ecology.

SUBSTANCE: according to the method of environmentally safe development of the roadside of main roads and highways, the road ditches and other topographic inequalities are levelled reducing the steepness down to 5-10 degrees. Trunk trees are cut down and evergreen brushwood is planted in three levels, that have shock- and dust-absorbing and aerophytoncidal properties, at a distance of 25-75 m from the edge of the roadway. The first level is formed from creeping juniper with a height of 0.3-1.0 m, the second level - from common column-like juniper with a height of 3.5-4.0 m, the third level - from Caucasian Thuja with a height of 10-15 m in the form of a hedge.

EFFECT: improved safety of vehicle traffic on the roads and highways, reduced risk of accidents and negative consequences of road accidents, improved quality of atmospheric air.

Description

The invention relates to the field of life safety and environmental safety and can be used to ensure safe and comfortable movement of road vehicles on the highway and the highway, to reduce the risk of accidents and the negative consequences of road accidents, as well as to improve the quality of atmospheric air.

A known method in which create a fence of roads and bridges containing vertical racks, and racks mounted beams located parallel to the roadbed. Reflecting elements are installed on the beams, the housings of which are made in one piece with the beams, which allows to increase the fastening strength of the reflecting element due to elimination of stress concentrators and reducing the complexity of fencing (patent for invention No. 2554600, IPC E01F 15/02, published on June 27, 2015).

However, the known method of forming a road barrier is a complex and expensive technical structure, which not only does not ensure road safety, but also increases the risk of accidents and the corresponding negative consequences, as well as does not provide environmental healing of the air pool from exhaust gases.

The technical result is a simplification of the method of arrangement of the roadside of the highway and highway by replacing complex and labor-intensive metal fencing structures with a strip of evergreen shrubs in the form of hedges.

The technical solution of the claimed method is to create a green buffer zone in the roadside of the highway and highway. In the roadside lining ditches and other bumps in the relief are leveled, steepness is reduced to 5-10 degrees, stem trees are cut down, and evergreen shrub stands with a flexible shock-absorbing stem structure, dust-absorbing and aerophyton are planted in three tiers at a distance of 25-75 m from the edge of the roadway. properties, while the first tier is formed from Cossack juniper with a height of 0.3-1.0 m, the second tier is from ordinary columnar juniper with a height of 3.5-4.0 m, the third tier is from Caucasian thuja that 10-15 m in the form of a hedge.

The method is as follows.

Ditches are aligned in the roadside, reducing the steepness to 5-10 degrees, since a slope of more than 10 degrees is a danger to a car that has left a roadway, and at the same time, a 5-10 degree slope can drain rainwater. The distance from the edge of the roadway to the proposed shrub plantings can vary from 25 to 75 m, depending on the class and category of road, terrain and proximity of roadside objects. The proposed types of shrubs are evergreen, which ensures year-round exhaust gas disposal. In addition, the scaly morphological structure of the leaves of these shrubs provides maximum absorption of car dust. The proposed heights of the first tier of shrub plantations (0.3-1.0 m) and the second tier - (3.5-4.0 m) are designed to stop a vehicle of various calibres that has left a road, from a car to a truck. The proposed height of the third tier (10-15 m) is explained by its purpose for purification and improvement of the surface layer of atmospheric air.

The proposed method serves as a protection for the car, off the track in an emergency, and save lives. The strip of shrub plantations also serves as protection against wind and snow drifts, purification of atmospheric air from carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, sulfur oxide, hydrocarbons, benzapyrene, compounds of heavy metals and other harmful elements and compounds contained in exhaust gases, from dust and soot, and also performs the functions of enrichment volatile.

It is proposed to use a method of environmentally friendly arrangement of a roadside for suburban highways and highways with a permitted high speed mode.

Example 1

In the roadside strip of regional highways between Vladikavkaz and the regional centers of North Ossetia-Alania, they create an environmentally friendly green buffer zone: align ditches and other bumps in the terrain, cut down stem trees and plant evergreen shrubs.

On both sides of the roadway on the roadside, the steepness of the ditches is reduced to 5 degrees, the existing stem trees are cut down and evergreen shrub plantings with shock-absorbing, dust-absorbing and aerofitocidal properties are planted in three tiers at a distance of 25-50 m from the edge of the roadway. The first tier is formed from Cossack juniper with a height of 0.3-1.0 m, the second tier from ordinary columnar juniper with a height of 3.5-4.0 m, the third tier is from a Caucasian thuja 10-15 m high in the form of a hedge.

Example 2

An ecologically safe green buffer zone is created in the roadside strip of the Federal Highway transit between the regions of the North Caucasus: the ditches and other unevenness of the terrain are smoothed out, trunk trees are cut down and shrubs are planted. On both sides of the roadway on the roadside, the steepness of the ditches is reduced to 10 degrees, the existing stem trees are cut down and evergreen shrub plantings with shock-absorbing, dust-absorbing and aero-phytocidal properties are planted in three tiers at a distance of 50-75 m from the edge of the roadway. The first tier is formed from Cossack juniper with a height of 0.3-1.0 m, the second tier from ordinary columnar juniper with a height of 3.5-4.0 m, the third tier is from a Caucasian thuja 10-15 m high in the form of a hedge.

Claims (1)

A method of environmentally friendly arrangement of a roadside of a highway and a highway, characterized in that in the roadside of a highway and a highway, cuvettes and other uneven terrain are aligned, reducing the steepness to 5-10 degrees, cut down trunk trees and plant evergreen shrub plantings in three tiers, possessing shock-absorbing, dust-absorbing and aerofitoncidic properties, at a distance of 25-75 m from the edge of the roadway, while the first tier is formed from juniper Cossack heights oh 0.3-1.0 m, the second tier - from ordinary juniper columnar 3.5-4.0 m high, the third tier - from thuja Caucasian 10-15 m high in the form of hedges.