RU2626032C2 - Plate heat exchanger with gasket - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating system.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a type of heat exchanger in which a plurality of plates is stacked and form flow paths between adjacent plates due to the shape of the surface. More particularly, the present invention relates to a plate heat exchanger with a gasket in which plates form undulating sections holding the gasket. The gasket is located and/or compressed between two adjacent heat exchanger plates.

EFFECT: increase of heat interchange.

18 cl, 18 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a type of heat exchanger in which a plurality of plates are stacked and form flow paths between adjacent plates due to their surface shape.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a plate heat exchanger with a gasket, in which the plates form wave-like sections holding the gasket, the gasket being located and / or compressed between two adjacent heat exchanger plates.

State of the art

As is known from the prior art, for example, from document SU 974090 A1, 11/15/1982, plates for heat transfer are used in a plate heat exchanger between two fluids, typically fluids flowing in separated first and second flow paths. Compared to a conventional heat exchanger, these fluids interact with a large surface area defined by the surfaces of the plates. Such a solution increases the exchange of thermal energy between fluids.

Typically, plate heat exchangers are used for hot water boilers and, in particular, to provide instant preparation of domestic hot water or for heating circuits and so on.

Each of the flow paths is connected to either a primary or secondary fluid connection, for example, for supplying a heating fluid or domestic hot water. The first and second flow paths are located on opposite sides of the plates, while the plates contain several different shapes, for example, corrugations made in the form of a herringbone or a fish skeleton. For example, when the heat exchanger plates are folded according to the Christmas tree type, the plates are arranged so that they are connected at the intersection points of the corrugations, and since the corrugations form relatively pointed upper parts, the contact area between the upper parts of adjacent plates becomes small and not quite defined. In the case when the fluids are under pressure, this leads to concentrated contact forces, creating permanent deformation of the contact points.

An alternative constructive solution is the use of a surface shape, defined as a configuration of recesses, providing the ability to create well-defined contact areas and, accordingly, well-defined and optimized strength and hydraulic characteristics.

Due to the reduced change in the velocity of the medium as it passes through the profile of the heat exchanger, it is possible to reduce the height of the profile for the configuration of the recesses in a typical case by 30% compared to a conventional configuration made like a fish skeleton, while maintaining the same pressure drop and heat transfer. The reduced profile height results in approximately double the number of solder points, thereby increasing strength. Alternatively, thinner plates may be used.

The invention relates to heat exchangers with a gasket, in which the heat exchanger plate packs are held together by external force, for example, when the plates located and / or compressed between the upper and lower plates are bolted. The basis of this invention is the discovery of the fact that what is important in creating a durable heat exchanger is not the surface area, if the upper parts respectively reach the lower parts of the recesses, but their circumference.

The heat exchanger plates can form the inlet and outlet openings for the flow paths formed between adjacent plates, typically made in the form of four angular openings providing a fluid transfer connection so that the two openings provide a first connection with the possibility of supplying fluid to the upper side the plate by means of an inlet and an outlet, and a second connection with the possibility of supplying fluid to two other holes located on bottom side of the plate. Then, the heat transfer regions are made in the flow paths from the inlet to the outlet by means of a surface shape. The area of the holes represent the area of the circumference of the holes and usually contain supporting their shape. In addition, there may be a transition zone in the zone extending from the opening to the heat transfer regions for distributing fluids over the full extent of the heat transfer region.

In gasketed heat exchangers, the gasket or seal is usually located near the edge of the heat exchanger plates, surrounding the heat transfer region to isolate it from the external environment and prevent leakage of fluids from the flow paths between the plates. This seal will be necessary for the flow paths on both sides of any of the plates and, thus, due to the location of the upper and lower gaskets relative to the plate in the same position, they will form a support for the heat exchanger plate and thereby protect it from deformation caused by pressure medium or pre-pressure washers.

In addition, since two of the holes are intended to be connected to a flow path formed at the upper side of the plate, and two other holes are intended to be connected to a flow path formed at the lower side of the plate, this means that the two areas of the holes must be isolated from the heat transfer area, that is, one side of the plate relative to the other side of the plate. Therefore, the plates in these areas will contain a gasket on only one side and, accordingly, they do not have support on the other side. One way to prevent deformation of the plates, caused, for example, by the pressure of the medium or by the pressure of the gasket itself in this area, is to produce plates with a substantially large thickness. However, this leads to a decrease in heat transfer, heavier heat exchangers and the use of a larger amount of source material.

Disclosure of invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide another means for making a plate section designed to accommodate a gasket with sufficient strength even for thinner plates, for example with a thickness of 0.5 mm, or 0.4 mm, or 0.3 mm, or even less depending on the design pressure of the heat exchanger. This is especially important for gaskets in the area of the hole where the gasket does not have support on the opposite side of the plate. In every second flow channel, only a gasket is located. This is generally known as a weak section of a heat exchanger equipped with a gasket.

This problem is solved by creating a heat exchanger containing many stacked plates, in which at least one plate contains a first wave-like section aligned with a second wave-shaped section of an adjacent plate, and in which the gasket is located between the first and second wave-shaped sections, thereby forming a support for adjacent flow paths in which there is no gasket in this section at the opposite side of the plate.

By generating waves of the first wave-shaped section by means of a first set of recesses having a flat first surface area and waves of a second wave-shaped section of an adjacent plate by a second set of recesses extending in the opposite direction relative to the first set of recesses and having flat second surface areas, each recess of the first a set of recesses forms a first contact surface located opposite the contact surface of an adjacent plate, and each recess a second set of grooves forms a second contact surface disposed opposite the contact surface of the adjacent plate, increased contact area of adjacent plates and accordingly increased durability section.

The type and nature of the wave-shaped sections can be structurally solved in accordance with the need, for example, in the form of a uniform wave configuration or a changing wave configuration, and even in the form of an uneven wave configuration.

To allow expansion of the gasket during possible slight deformations of the plates and to facilitate its firm fixation in the wave-like section, the height of the uncompressed gasket exceeds the height from the first surface region to the second surface region, for example, it is at least 110% of the height from the first surface region to the second surface area.

In one embodiment of the invention, at least a gasket section is disposed between said first and second wave sections to separate the plate section containing the hole from the rest of the plate containing the heat exchange region, thereby isolating the holes passing from the heat exchange sections. This section is particularly weak due to the lack of a support gasket on adjacent sides of the plates.

In one embodiment of the invention, the undeformed gasket has flat upper and lower surfaces, but is deformed when positioned between the first and second wave sections to acquire a shape defined by the first and second wave sections. This solution makes it possible to use standard gaskets, since they simply deform in the gasket section between the wave-like sections, and further contributes to their strong retention in the required position. In this case, the gasket can be deformed through holes in the sides made between the side recesses.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, contributing to an even stronger hold of the gasket in the desired position, each plate contains both the first and second sets of recesses in the first and second wave-shaped sections, the first sets of recesses of the first wave-shaped section being in contact with the second set of recesses through the holes in the gasket.

If the recesses of the first wave-shaped section are located in contact with the recesses of the second wave-shaped section through the holes in the gasket, then this increases the stability of the sections and contributes to the strong fixing of the gasket.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention, the surface shape forming the flow paths in the heat transfer sections of the plates is also made by means of two sets of recesses extending at the opposite sides of each plate and having flat surface regions forming contact surfaces opposite the contact surfaces of the adjacent plate. In this case, the gaskets are simply located in sections, isolating the selected sections from other sections.

The gasket can also be located at the edge of the heat exchanger plates, isolating completely flow paths from the external environment. In an embodiment of the invention, where all the microforms of all sections of the plates are made by recesses, and the gasket is located in the naturally formed recesses of these recesses, a particular problem arises in that the opposite side of the plate does not form a recess, free from the recesses, passing towards the recess , but rather the opposite situation arises, hence the resulting stability, and, accordingly, one solution is to shift the gaskets so that they are on opposite sides will be located with a slight offset in adjacent free recesses.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to the invention;

in FIG. 2 shows a top view of a plate heat exchanger;

in FIG. 3 shows a package of plates in a side view;

in FIG. 4 shows a plate for a heat exchanger containing an example of a gasket;

in FIG. 5 shows two plates related to the type of plates with recesses, with an example of the arrangement between them of the gasket according to the invention;

in FIG. 6 shows one plate of the type of recessed plate with an example of a compressed gasket located in a gasket groove according to the invention;

in FIG. 7 shows one plate of the type of recessed plate with an example of a gasket geometry according to the invention;

in FIG. Figure 8 shows one plate pertaining to the type of recessed plates, with an example of a gasket geometry, including branches, according to the invention;

in FIG. 9 shows one plate of the type of recessed plate, with an example of a gasket geometry, including bending, according to the invention;

in FIG. 10 shows one plate relating to the type of recessed plates, with an example of a gasket geometry according to the invention;

in FIG. 11 shows one plate of the type of recessed plate, with an example of a gasket geometry in which some of the recesses pass through a gasket according to the invention;

in FIG. 12 shows one plate of the type of recessed plate, with an example of a gasket geometry in which some of the recesses pass directly through the gasket, including a branch;

in FIG. 13 shows one plate of the type of recessed plate with an example of a gasket geometry with a circular configuration;

in FIG. 14 shows one plate of the type of recessed plate with an example of a geometry of a gasket with a curved configuration;

in FIG. 15 shows one plate of the type of recessed plate, with an example of a gasket geometry in which the upper and lower recesses are of different sizes;

in FIG. 16 shows one plate of the type of plates with recesses, with an example of a gasket geometry in which the upper and lower recesses have different shapes and sizes;

in FIG. 17 shows one plate of the type of plates with recesses, with an example of a gasket geometry in which the upper and lower recesses have different shapes and sizes;

in FIG. 18 shows a special arrangement of the gasket for insulating the hole.

The implementation of the invention

It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples that disclose embodiments of the invention are given only as illustrations, as for a person skilled in the art from the detailed description, various changes and modifications are apparent within the essence and scope of legal protection of the invention.

In FIG. 1 shows a plate heat exchanger 1 comprising a plurality of plates 2 stacked in the stacking direction shown by arrow 3. Heat exchange plates are stacked in upper parts opposite the lower parts.

In FIG. 2 shows a heat exchanger in a plan view with a surface shape according to the type of recesses, and this structural solution is given as an illustration, however, the present invention can also be applied to other structural solutions, for example with a Christmas tree arrangement. The heat exchanger plate has four corner openings 4, 5, 6, 7 for connecting to the fluid transfer connections so that the two openings 5, 7 provide the first connection with the possibility of supplying fluid to the upper side of the plate through the inlet and outlet, this general direction of flow from the inlet to the outlet is shown by a solid arrow. A second connection is provided with a feed to two holes 4, 6 located on the lower side of the plate. The general direction of flow from the inlet to the outlet is indicated by a dashed arrow. This stream is a counter stream. In addition, as an option, the flow is counter-cross when connecting holes 5 + 6 and 4 + 7. Alternatively, a parallel flow or a parallel flow with a transverse flow is possible.

A shape with recesses having flat upper and lower portions of the recesses is shown by white and black oval marks 9, 10 in an enlarged view of section 8 of the heat transfer region of the plate, where the recesses extend in opposite directions. The plates can be made, for example, of a flat plate, deformable by stamping to form recesses extending in opposite directions relative to the central plane of the original flat plate.

In FIG. 3 shows four plates 14, 15, 16, 17, with each plate forming a first set of recesses 12 having flat upper regions 9, and a second row of recesses 13 having flat lower regions 10. The first and second sets of recesses extend from the dummy center plane 11 (shown for plate 15) in opposite directions from it. The plates and, accordingly, the recesses can be made by pressing a thin plate of metal, for example stainless steel, aluminum, copper, brass, or zinc, or plastic with the formation of a given shape, for example in a stamp. The plates may also be formed by molding, for example by injection molding of plastic in a mold or die.

The drawing shows a side view, while the recesses can have upper surfaces of any shape, for example an elliptical shape according to the shown embodiment of the present invention. It is possible to use other shapes, for example, shapes with great ellipticity, rectangular shapes, and so on, provided that they have a well-defined length in the first direction and a well-defined length in the second direction, perpendicular to the first direction.

Additionally, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 shows the surface arrangement of the upper parts 12 of the recesses opposite the lower parts 13 of the recesses of the upper adjacent plate and, in the same way, the connection of the lower parts 13 of the recesses with the upper parts 12 of the recesses of the lower adjacent plate.

In FIG. Figure 3 also shows the location of the side walls at approximately 45 °, see angle designation. Thus, the upper and lower recesses are located as densely as possible to each other. This solution leads to more recesses and greater strength. An angle of 45 ° is limited, for example, by the maximum stretching of stainless steel material. From a practical point of view, for example, due to tolerances from the standard of the stamping tool, a smaller angle is often used. The walls are made smooth due to the free movement of material without the formation of sharp edges and flat sections of the plate with the exception of sections arising at the upper and lower parts of the recesses, that is, at the contact point of adjacent plates.

Any such additional flat section will create weak sections with the possibility of deformation of the plate due to the pressure difference between the fluids in the first and second paths, that is, protrusion and cracking of the plates at their edges can potentially occur. There is no pressure gradient in the connected upper and lower parts, since the opposite sides of the joints have the same fluids with the same pressures.

The form shown in FIG. 3 provides an opportunity to reduce plate thickness. The absence of edges and flat sections between the upper and lower parts of the recesses determines the direction of pressure in the walls of the recesses with their absorption essentially without the occurrence of plastic deformation. In addition, all connections have enlarged contact areas compared with the Christmas tree shape, respectively, pressure forces are distributed over a larger area.

However, one drawback of this solution is that the relatively large contact areas reduce the thermal distribution from one path to another path. This disadvantage is eliminated due to increased convective heat transfer at a given pressure loss and the ability to reduce plate thickness, which also contributes to increased heat transfer.

In the plate heat exchanger shown in FIG. 3, the plates are arranged so that the recesses from the first set of recesses form a first contact surface located opposite the contact surfaces of the adjacent plate, and the recesses from the second set of recesses form a second contact surface located opposite the contact surface of the adjacent plate.

In FIG. 4 shows an additional top view of a conventional heat exchanger plate, the drawing showing a portion 30 of the gasket located near the edge of the plate that insulates the heat transfer region 31 from the external environment. Additionally, two parts of the gasket 32 are located to provide isolation of the two holes 5, 7 or regions 33 of the holes from the heat transfer region 31.

The gasket 32 is usually located in the groove for the gasket, or the pit, and the cross-sections of the groove and gasket are often made in the same shape, while the groove for the gasket usually has essentially flat lower parts, which, if they are not supported on the opposite side of the heat exchanger plate, can be deformed under the influence, for example, of medium pressure or pre-loading of the gaskets due to particularly thin plates.

In FIG. 5 shows one solution according to the present invention, in which the heat exchanger plate 15 comprises a first wave-shaped section 34 aligned with the second wave-shaped section 35 of the adjacent plate 16, thereby forming between them gasket sections 37, wherein, as shown in FIG. 5, the undulating sections 34, 35 represent the area between the lines 36. The gasket section 37 is a section in which the gasket 30, 32 should be located between the two plates 15, 16, and thus it extends in a direction of length greater than the length in the transverse direction, where the length direction can form a straight linear path, for example, as shown in FIG. 8-10, or a rounded path, for example, as shown in FIG. 13 and 14. The transverse length may be constant or may be changing, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, or it may itself be wave-like, uniform or uneven.

The waves of the undulating sections 34, 35 may be waves in the surfaces of the plates 15, 16, wherein in the first embodiment of the present invention, the surface waves shown in the length direction are either uniform or non-uniform waves.

In an alternative or additional embodiment of the invention, the waves in the sections 34, 35 extend in the transverse direction so that the waves can be any of the two, or so that the surface of the plates extends in a wave-like fashion both in the length direction and in the transverse direction of the wave-shaped sections 34, 35 However, one method of making such a decision is to shape the wave-shaped sections 34, 35 by means of the first sets of recesses 22 corresponding to the upper parts of the recesses of the upper plate 15 having flat first regions 1 9 of the surface, and the lower parts 23 of the recesses of the adjacent lower plate 16 having flat second surface areas 20. Moreover, the wall sections from the edges of the recesses 22, 23 do not contain any edges or corners, but can be curved or straight, or any flat unsupported surface areas parallel to the imaginary plane 11. In this context, the wording “flat surface areas 19, 20 are supported” means that they form a contact area for a flat surface opposite the corresponding adjacent plate 16, 15. The wording “unsupported” likewise means that they are not located in contact with any such element.

In this context, “unsupported flat surfaces 19, 20” refer to planes substantially parallel to the dummy plane 11, and the waves may contain unsupported pivoting upper and lower parts of a wavy shape.

In the shown embodiment, the waves are formed by recesses 22, 23, wherein the planar first surface regions 19 in the first wave-like section 34 form a first contact surface opposite the contact surface of the flat surface that is upper for the plate 15, for example, second lower surface regions 20 23 recesses of the upper plate.

Accordingly, the planar second surface regions 20 in the second wave-shaped section 35 form a second contact surface opposite the contact surface of the planar surface lower for the plate 16, for example, the first surface regions 19 of the upper parts 22 of the recesses of the lower plate.

In FIG. 6 shows the same first wave-like section 34 of the lower plate for the gasket section 37 shown in FIG. 5, with gasket 30, 32.

The height of the uncompressed gasket usually exceeds the maximum height of the gasket section 37 from the first surface area to the second surface area, for example, it is at least 110% of the maximum height, which is usually double the distance from the first flat surface area 19 to the second flat surface area 20 of the plate 15 The gasket 32 may have flat upper and lower surfaces or may have a wave-like topology showing the surface shape of the wave-like first and second sections 34, 35, but with a coefficient of the height between the wavy sections 34, 35, for example, equal to 1.1. When the plates are installed in the frame, the gasket will be deformed.

In the shown embodiment, the recesses in the undulating sections 34, 35 reach the gasket 30, 32 from opposite directions, for example, the upper parts 22 of the recesses of the upper plate 15 and the lower parts 23 of the recesses of the lower plate 16, but each of the plates 15, 16 may further comprise the corresponding recesses 23a, 22a, reaching the gasket 30, 32 from opposite directions with the formation of contact surfaces opposite to the other surfaces of the respective two adjacent plates 15, 16 in the same manner as shown in an example, in FIG. 3, where the first set of recesses 22 of the lower plate 15 forms contact surfaces opposite the second set of recesses 23 of the upper plate 16. Since they will be located outside, but from the edges of the wave-shaped sections 34, 35, they form edge recesses for the gasket section 37, contributing to both strengthening, and limiting and securing the gasket 30, 32 in section 37 of the gasket.

In the presence of the inclined sides of the side recesses 23a, 22a (for example, but without limitation located approximately at an angle of 45 °) in the circumference of the recesses, the gaskets are particularly exposed to undulating “sides”, since they are adjacent to the inclined sides. All this contributes to a strong hold of the gasket in the desired position.

Due to the preservation of the mass of the gasket material in its compressed state, space is needed to displace the gasket material, and due to the design with edge recesses 22a, 23a, there is space available for expansion between the sides of the gasket to compensate for the compression deformation caused by squeezing the gasket between the wave sections 34, 35 Additionally, this solution provides an opportunity for the expansion of the gasket 30, 32 under the influence of heat relative to its extension.

In one embodiment of the invention, for undulating sections 34, 35 other than the surface shape, such as the heat transfer region 31, the recesses 22, 23 can be special, that is, it can be either recesses made differently, or a completely different underlying circuit, such as a Christmas tree pattern.

In another embodiment, the entire or at least a section of the heat transfer region 31, and / or a hole region 33, and / or a possible transition zone between them comprises recesses 22, 23, the gasket simply being located in sections between the recesses.

In FIG. 7-18, several different embodiments of the present invention are shown, where all of the drawings show a top view of the plate 15, 16, with the white shapes 22 showing either the first or second set of recesses, and the black shapes showing the others respectively from any first or the second type of recesses 23.

Thus, in FIG. 7 is a plan view of another embodiment of the present invention in which the gasket is shaped to extend to openings formed between connected edge recesses 22a, 23a. The advantage of this design of the gasket is its greater stability and easy fixing during installation. FIG. 8 is a plan view of an embodiment of the invention in which the gasket may comprise branches extending in different directions.

In FIG. 9 is a plan view of an embodiment of the invention in which the gasket can be bent in various directions.

In FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the invention in which the gasket changes direction, with FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the invention combining the embodiments of the invention shown in FIG. 8 and 9, with the additional formation of an airtight enclosure surrounding, for example, the opening 4, 5, 6, 7. FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the invention in which the undulating sections 34, 35 comprise not only recesses 22, 23 extending from opposite directions to the gasket, but also a set of oppositely directed recesses 22b, 23b extending in the direction of the gasket in the same way as the recesses the sides of the undulating sections 34, 35, thus passing through the gasket section 37 with the formation of contact surfaces for the recesses of another plate inside the section 37. The gasket 30, 32 in this section 37 will then be shaped, about providing the possibility for the flat regions 19, 20 of the surface of the recesses 22b, 23b to make contact, which contains holes 38 passing through the gasket 30, 32, or is essentially S-shaped and creates a slalom-type trajectory around the recesses 22b, 23b in contact inside section 37.

In FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of the invention combining features of the embodiments of the inventions shown in FIG. 8 and 11.

In FIG. 13 shows an embodiment of the invention with circular wavy sections 34, 35, possibly surrounding the hole 4, 5, 6, 7, and in the shown embodiment, containing edge recesses 22A, 23A, which are larger at the outer edge 39 than the inner edges 40, although an opposite arrangement is also possible, or the outer and inner edge recesses are the same size. In one embodiment of the invention, the inner and outer edge recesses have different shapes, for example, different curvatures of the walls or the shape of the upper and lower surface regions.

In general, with respect to any of the embodiments of the invention, the edge recesses 22a, 23a on one side of the wave-shaped sections 34, 35 can be made with different shapes or sizes relative to the edge recesses on the other side. In FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of the invention with curved wave-like sections 34, 35 spirally diverging from the central section, for example, but not limited to, openings 4, 5, 6, 7, however, any other curvature of the wave-shaped section path is also applicable to the present invention 34, 35. In FIG. 15 shows another alternative embodiment of the invention, in which the upper parts 19, 20 of the recesses are made with dimensions different from the sizes of the lower parts 20, 19 of the recesses, the plates being arranged so that the large recesses 23, 22 are the upper part in one plate, and the small recesses 22, 23 are the lower parts, but, conversely, the adjacent plates, so that the recesses having essentially the same size and shape, form a flat contact surface.

In FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of the invention, an alternative to the embodiment shown in FIG. 15, but in which the opposing recesses 22, 23 have different sizes and shapes, for example elliptical or circular, respectively.

In FIG. 17 shows an embodiment of the invention, an alternative to the embodiment shown in FIG. 15, but in which the opposing recesses 22, 23 have different sizes and shapes, for example elliptical or rectangular, respectively.

In FIG. 18 is a top view of another embodiment of the present invention, in which the recesses 22, 23 are lattice-shaped, each of the recesses 22 of the first set being surrounded by four recesses 23 of the second set, and vice versa. In this embodiment of the invention, the recesses 22, 23 can be any recesses, for example recesses, which form a surface in the heat transfer region, in the region of the hole and / or in the transition zone between the hole and the heat transfer regions.

In such a lattice shape, the rows 41 of lines of direct visibility extend at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the directions of the lattice shown by arrows 42 and 43. These lines of visibility form natural undulating sections 34, 35 according to the invention and therefore can be used as a section in one embodiment of the invention 37 of the gasket, for example, by isolating the region of the hole from the heat transfer region by connecting two edge parts 30 of the gasket with part 32 extending at an angle of 45 ° relative to the directions 42, 43 weave with insulation holes 4, 5, 6, 7.

In this and most of the other embodiments described above, all or some of the various recesses 12, 13, 22, 23, 22a, 22b, 23a, 23b can be made with the same shapes and sizes.

Claims (18)

1. A heat exchanger comprising a plurality of stacked plates which, due to their surface shape, form flow paths between adjacent plates, at least one plate containing a first wave-like section aligned with a second wave-like section of a neighboring plate, characterized in that between the first and second wave-like the gasket is located in sections, and in that the waves are made in the direction of the length of the trajectory of the gasket section 37. 2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, in which the waves are made in the transverse direction to the trajectory of the gasket section 37. 3. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, in which the waves of the first wave-shaped section are formed by a first set of recesses having a flat first surface area, and the waves of the second wave-shaped section of an adjacent plate are formed by a second set of recesses in the opposite direction relative to the first set of recesses and having flat second surface areas, each recess of the first set of recesses forming a first contact surface located opposite the contact surface of the adjacent plate, and DOE recess of the second set of grooves forms a second contact surface disposed opposite the contact surface of the adjacent plate. 4. The heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein all the planar regions in said first and second wave-shaped sections are aligned with adjacent plates. 5. The heat exchanger according to claim 3, in which the first and second wave-shaped sections form a uniform wave configuration. 6. The heat exchanger according to claim 3, in which the first and second wave-shaped sections form a changing wave configuration. 7. The heat exchanger according to claim 6, in which the first and second wave-shaped sections form an uneven wave configuration. 8. The heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4-7, in which the height of the uncompressed gasket exceeds the height from the first surface area to the second surface area. 9. The heat exchanger according to claim 8, in which the height of the uncompressed gasket is at least 110% of the height from the first surface area to the second surface area. 10. The heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4-7 or 9, in which the gasket between the specified first and second wave-shaped sections is located to ensure isolation of the plate section containing the hole from the rest of the plate containing the heat exchange region. 11. The heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4-7 or 9, in which the gaskets are located only on one side of the wavy sections of the plates. 12. The heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4-7 or 9, in which the gaskets are located on both sides of the wavy sections of the plates. 13. The heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4-7 or 9, in which the gaskets have flat upper and lower surfaces, but are made with the possibility of deformation when they are located between the first and second wave-shaped sections. 14. The heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4-7 or 9, in which each plate contains both a first and a second set of recesses in the first and second wave-shaped sections, the first set of recesses of the first wave-shaped section being in contact with the second set of recesses from the second set of recesses through the holes in the gasket. 15. The heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4-7 or 9, in which the recesses of the first wave-shaped section are located in contact with the recesses of the second wave-shaped section through the holes in the gasket. 16. The heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4-7 or 9, in which each of the first and second wave-shaped sections contains both a first and second set of recesses, the gasket being compressed between the first sets of recesses of the first wave-shaped section and the second sets of recesses of the second wave-shaped section, while the second sets of recesses of the first wave-shaped section are located in contact with the first set of recesses of the second wave-shaped section through openings in the gasket. 17. The heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4-7 or 9, in which the surface shape forming the flow paths in the heat transfer sections of the plates is also formed by two sets of recesses extending at the opposite sides of each plate and having flat surface areas forming contact surfaces located opposite the contact surfaces of the adjacent plates. 18. The heat exchanger according to claim 3, in which the first and second sets of recesses of the first and second wave-shaped sections are made passing at the opposite sides of each plate and having flat surface areas forming contact surfaces located opposite the contact surfaces of the adjacent plate.

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