RU2625963C1 - Anti-alcoholic beverage "api" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used as a means of reducing craving for alcohol. In addition, it can be used as a biologically active additive enriched with vitamins and minerals affecting the enzymatic functions and metabolic processes. The "API" beverage contains the following initial ingredients: 40-50 vol % of thyme broth, 5-10 vol % of honey, and the rest is grape juice.

EFFECT: reducing or eliminating the pathological desire for alcoholic beverages, improving the function of alcohol dehydrogenase and the homeostasis of endogenous ethanol, and enhancing the production of opioid peptides.

2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to medicine and can be used as a means of reducing craving for alcohol. The invention also relates to the food industry, namely to the production of soft drinks, and can be used as a biologically active supplement enriched with vitamins and minerals that affect enzymatic functions and metabolic processes.

The drink is the first multifaceted tool that can significantly reduce or eliminate the pathological desire for alcohol both during remission (non-use) and during free use, inhibiting or preventing the development of binge, while simultaneously contributing to the faster removal of the hangover syndrome and at the same time being soft drink, being a substitute for alcohol in the company. This drink is also a prophylactic against the development of alcoholism at the stage of abuse.

The IPA anti-alcoholic drink is intended for people who are prone to alcohol abuse, as well as those suffering from alcoholism.

The drink is used:

- if you want to drink alcohol:

- with complete disuse;

- when consumed, in order to limit the desire to drink;

- without much desire for alcohol (as a prophylactic with an existing predisposition).

 Drink consumed:

- with a complete refusal (alone or against the background of the treatment), to ensure a more relaxed attitude to alcohol;

- drinkers with a tendency to abuse and disruption;

- for faster removal of a hangover syndrome;

- as a soft drink, to replace alcohol at events;

- as a preventive measure against the development of alcoholism at the stage of abuse.

Goal:

- non-alcoholic metabolism of alcohol dehydrogenase;

- increased production of opioid peptides.

Tasks:

Decreased desire for alcohol:

- prophylactically;

- when you want to drink.

The proposed drink is a means of reducing craving for alcohol. The pathological attraction to alcohol is the dominant desire to achieve intoxicated state by any means. Pathological attraction is only one of the symptoms of alcoholism. The presence of certain symptoms determines the stage of the alcohol dependence syndrome. So, for example, the second stage of alcoholism is characterized by the presence of several main symptoms: pathological attraction, loss of quantitative control and withdrawal syndrome. The proposed drink provides an enzymatic-exchange-opioid effect, affecting one of the symptoms of dependence, namely craving for alcohol. The remedy we claimed is not a method of treating alcohol dependence itself, it is a remedy that reduces craving for alcohol, in the form of a food supplement, which at the same time allows us to form a conditioned reflex to the possibility of stopping drinking, which is gradually lost with an increasing alcohol problem.

In modern medicine, there are many different ways, methods and drugs for the treatment of alcohol dependence (although this can not always be called treatment). A significant part of the methods, methods and means (RF patents Nos. 2436415, 2327482, 22254858, 228761, 2272549, 2229303, 2039556, 2423890, 2123845, 2005391, 2229302) are aimed at reducing the sensation of the toxic effect of alcohol. This effect is negative, and not positive, since it can aggravate the problem and contribute to the more rapid formation of alcohol dependence, since the patient is even more deprived of the inhibitory effect and it will seem to him that he drank a little, since there are no usual sensations at once. That is, a person drinks no less, but intoxication is less pronounced. This helps to increase the volume of alcoholic drinks drunk in comparison with the previous volumes, and also increases the frequency of drinking and does not reduce the pathological desire for drinking. In addition to reducing toxic effects, the above methods and methods have an effect on the removal of a hangover syndrome.

Known drug collection for the treatment and prevention of pathological craving for alcohol (RF patent No. 2178707). The collection consists of medicinal plants: bitter wormwood herb, yarrow herb, thyme herb, dioecious nettle leaves, tansy inflorescences, calamus roots. This drug collection has a multicomponent composition and is accordingly difficult to prepare, which makes it difficult to use for the treatment and prevention of pathological craving for alcohol.

Anti-alcoholic tea from medicinal plants is known from the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2254137, containing thyme grass, rhizomes with safflower-like rapticum roots, centaury grass, St. John's wort grass, bearberry leaves, dandelion roots and bay leaf.

This decision is the closest to the claimed solution and is selected by the applicant as a prototype.

This drink has a multicomponent composition and, accordingly, is difficult to prepare, which complicates its use for the treatment of alcohol dependence. In addition, in the treatment of alcohol dependence in patients with chronic alcoholism, such a large number of drug components can contribute to the regenerative processes of the liver, and not a decrease in the pathological craving for alcohol.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to create a tool that reduces or eliminates the pathological desire for alcoholic beverages, is simple to prepare and is characterized by a convenient form of consumption of the product.

Effect: improving the function of alcohol dehydrogenase and endogenous ethanol homeostasis, increasing the production of opioid peptides, as well as simplifying the method of use (consumption) of the drug.

To achieve this objective, an IPA anti-alcoholic drink is proposed, which according to the invention contains thyme broth, honey, grape juice, while the drink is carbonated, and the ratio of ingredients is as follows, vol.%:

thyme broth - 40-50;

honey - 5-10;

grape juice - the rest.

The metabolism of ethanol (ethyl alcohol) in the human body is controlled by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), its three isoforms, and microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS).

The main route of ethanol oxidation is associated specifically with alcohol dehydrogenase: these are 2/3 of the ethanol cleavage and 1/3 of the ethanol is cleaved by MEOS.

MEOS is an oxidase system localized in the hepatocyte reticulum. It includes two pathways for the elimination (cleavage) of ethanol NADPH - cytochrome P-450 reductase. The toxic products of ADH and MEOS quickly turn into acetate under the action of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (AcDG), which in turn has its own isoforms. Isoforms are found in the tissues of the body and are distributed differently in the tissues of the kidneys, epithelium, gastric mucosa and intestines. The isoform of ACDH, located in the mitochondria of hepatocytes, has a high affinity for acetaldehyde, that is, it breaks down faster, which means less intoxication of the body. When taking alcohol doses of more than 2 g / kg, due to different rates of ethanol oxidation, the activity of the cytosolic form of AcDG increases, which processes acetaldehyde more slowly. As a result of this, intoxication in people with alcohol addiction is more, this also explains the appearance of withdrawal symptoms.

Alcohol dehydrogenase is an enzyme of the human body that can oxidize and neutralize exogenous ethanol, preventing the excessive accumulation of alcohol in the blood, and other substances with an alcohol structure (methanol, ethylene glycol), and also maintain the composition and concentration of endogenous ethanol.

Alcohol dehydrogenase is an enzyme that provides the oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde in the human body. There are three of its isoforms: ADH1, ADH2, ADH3. With the development of alcoholism, the ratio of these isoforms changes, ADH2, which characterizes excessive activity, begins to prevail. In addition, MEOS in alcohol dependence begins to prevail in relation to ADH. With alcoholism, the oxidation of ethanol is accelerated by 50-70% due to hypertrophy (increase) of hepatocytes.

With alcoholism, another isoform of ADH2 begins to work, it is active and as a result requires more and more substrate (ethanol). This explains the continued craving for alcohol in the process of taking alcohol, and this is manifested by another symptom of alcoholism - the loss of quantitative control. In addition, a large share of ethanol processing is taken by MEOS, which “wears out” faster the liver, and significantly reduces the detoxification function. In addition, the ethanol cleavage path of MEOS is more toxic due to the formation of reactive oxygen species, which contribute to the destruction of cell membranes.

Since chronic alcohol consumption activates the liver alcohol breakdown system (MEOS), the liver cells work intensely. In addition, hepatocytes are damaged by acetaldehyde, free radicals accumulate, the lipid layer of the hepatocyte membrane is damaged, and the hapatocyte is destroyed. Along with the above processes, due to the distortion of metabolic processes, fatty acids begin to accumulate in the liver cells. Alcoholic liver damage goes through several stages: fatty degeneration of the liver (fatty degeneration, i.e. exhaustion), alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis.

The activity of the isoforms of ADH and AzDG depends on:

- age;

- gender;

- genetic predisposition;

- acidity;

- the frequency and quantity of incoming exogenous ethanol.

Endogenous alcohol is needed, in particular, for the production of endorphins (“pleasure hormones”, substances produced by our body and responsible for positive emotions).

Exogenous alcohol - alcohol coming from outside, i.e. drunk or otherwise introduced into the body. Endogenous alcohol is alcohol produced in the cells of the body as a result of metabolic processes. When an ordinary person (who is not addicted to alcohol) drinks alcohol, his enzymatic system only affects the alcohol that has been drunk. Intracellular ethanol remains outside the attention of the enzyme system. The enzymatic system of a person with an alcohol dependence begins to break down not only drunk alcohol, but also intracellular ethanol. Without intracellular ethanol, vital processes in the cells are disrupted, the cells are literally “suffocating”. A person with an alcohol addiction has an irresistible desire to drink alcohol to compensate for the deficiency of intracellular ethanol.

If the body does not use the function of generating ADH for a long time, then it may be lost and become incapable of previously established processes. There must be training, otherwise there will be no necessary form. In addition, a decrease in ADH activity affects temperament and character storage. It is no coincidence that non-drinkers (not drinking alcohol) for several years, sometimes become somewhat changed in the eyes of others.

Some people drink alcohol quite often, but in moderation, and this does not negatively affect their health and, moreover, many of them are centenarians. In this case, the fact that due to the centuries-old consumption of grapes has developed its own system of neutralizing alcohol.

Our studies and observations have shown that people who are addicted to alcohol rarely eat grapes or do not eat at all.

Those who eat grapes all the time, for example, residents of Spain, Italy, the Caucasus and Central Asian republics, even against the background of frequent consumption of alcoholic beverages, are much less likely to become addicted to alcohol due to the fact that the use of grapes stimulates the body's readiness for alcohol intake, ADH metabolism, and processes oxidation, and these processes are functioning all the time (the so-called "grape training").

This function is also transmitted by inheritance, and therefore is more often preserved, even when living conditions change. At the same time, the northern peoples consume much less grapes and therefore another ADH2 isoform is genetically predominant in them. When drinking alcohol, they lack the physiological function of this system.

Functionally, alcohol dehydrogenase can be:

- trained and untrained;

- ready and not ready for enzymatic activity at a given time;

- full and weakly functioning.

It is important to prevent downtime in the exchange of alcohol dehydrogenase - “alcohol dehydrogenase hunger”.

Active anti-alcohol remission (APR) is non-use in which alcohol dehydrogenase functions, which significantly reduces the possibility of disruption (during normal remission, alcohol dehydrogenase is more often in a "sleeping" state) (Krivopalov-Moskvin I.V. You can drink, you can’t get drunk // Publishing House " CJSC Chelyabinsk Interdistrict Printing House, 2012, p. 149).

Alcohol dehydrogenase should be produced periodically, including when alcohol is not used, otherwise its metabolism is disturbed and the predisposition to problematic alcohol consumption increases.

Functional failure of alcohol dehydrogenase helps to reduce endogenous ethanol, which negatively affects the overall metabolism of alcohol dehydrogenase and reduces the synthesis of endorphins, that is, it negatively affects both physical condition, mood and activity.

It is desirable to artificially stimulate the enzymatic function.

At the same time, there is a need for the liver to realize the enzymatic function, and, in addition, enzymes are produced that “wait and seek application”.

In the absence of this function:

- she can "die",

- a tendency to addiction may form;

- synthesis of endorphins decreases.

An example of a decrease in the synthesis of endorphins is the following observations: people who have not consumed alcohol for a long time after treatment have often become “different” for those around them - tense, smiling a little, unhappy.

Therefore, it is necessary, given the existing predisposition to alcohol dependence, to periodically stimulate the production of alcohol dehydrogenase in small quantities to maintain and maintain enzymatic ability and activity.

The restoration of alcohol dehydrogenase metabolism can be influenced by artificial stimulation of alcohol dehydrogenase with microdoses of alcohol or non-alcoholic drugs capable of doing this.

The proposed anti-alcoholic drink “API” contains thyme broth, honey, grape juice and is used in carbonated form. The ratio of the ingredients of the drink is as follows, vol.%: Thyme broth - 40-50; honey - 5-10; grape juice - the rest.

Thyme decoction is considered one of the most effective herbal remedies in the treatment of alcohol dependence, namely to relieve a hangover syndrome. Thyme contains proteins, fats, carbohydrates, fiber, as well as various vitamins (groups A, B, niacin, ascorbic and folic acid). Thyme has a lot of trace elements very necessary for the human body (phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, selenium) and minerals (iron, zinc, copper, manganese, copper). In addition, thyme contains a large number of phenolic compounds: carvacrol and especially thymol.

With excessive use of alcohol, depletion of micro and macro elements and vitamins occurs. Thyme makes up for them, thereby acting to reduce withdrawal symptoms. Reduces the toxic effect of ethanol products on heart tissue due to potassium. During alcohol intake, thyme reduces lipid peroxidation (lipid peroxidation - one of the main processes of cell destruction), i.e. the process of cell destruction. The essential oils contained in the thyme, due to the calming effect on the nervous system, reduce the intensity of craving for alcohol, during the remission period they relieve anxiety and irritability, thereby the thyme decoction partially alleviates factors that could provoke an alcoholic breakdown. By its composition, the thyme decoction stabilizes the liver cells, and, accordingly, “evens out” the work of ADH.

Honey, which is part of the drink, stimulates the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase metabolism, reduces the desire for alcohol, and enhances the production of opioid peptides (endorphins).

Honey is the most difficult substance in its composition, which contains almost all known vitamins in easily digestible forms, physiological amounts of micro and macro elements, human enzymes: diastase, invertase, catalase, oxidase, peroxidase, etc. Honey enzymes are built into secondary processes of ethanol decomposition, thereby reducing the toxic load on the body. In the same way as a thyme decoction, honey has a restorative effect on the tissues of organs exposed to the harmful effects of alcohol metabolites. In addition, honey is a substance with a calming effect on the nervous system. Thus, the severity of the mental component of the pathological craving for alcohol decreases. Honey compensates for the lack of vitamins necessary to maintain the physiological processes of the brain. By alleviating withdrawal symptoms, honey reduces the need for hangover.

The grape juice included in the drink also stimulates the activity of the exchange of alcohol dehydrogenase and the body's readiness for alcohol intake, oxidation processes, i.e. provides the so-called "grape training."

The carbon dioxide contained in the drink, when used, has a reflex effect on the receptors of the oral cavity and gives a sensation of “burning” in the oral cavity, reminiscent of the sensation of drinking strong alcohol, and causes a swallowing reflex to this irritant, which slows down for several seconds when saturated throat. In addition, the carbonation of the drink on the sensations in the oral cavity mimics the carbonation of beer. Carbon dioxide also affects the production of endorphins, which subconsciously attracts many to its use.

In addition, the carbon dioxide contained in the drink provides increased absorption and assimilation of vitamins and minerals contained in it, which increases the effectiveness of the drink.

The liquid form of the product simplifies the method of its use (consumption).

Thus, the proposed drink activates the function of alcohol dehydrogenase and endogenous ethanol homeostasis, enhances the production of opioid peptides, and therefore is an effective tool that reduces or eliminates the pathological desire in the use of alcoholic beverages.

Moreover, it is the complex interaction of the beverage ingredients that enhances and summarizes their effect on the restoration of the function of alcohol dehydrogenase and endogenous ethanol homeostasis, biological value, absorption and digestibility.

The individual ingredients of this drink give an effect in no more than 7-10% of patients, that is, each ingredient taken separately is insufficient for effective action. The effectiveness of the drink-API lies in the joint complementary action and combination of the effects of these ingredients with the specified quantitative combination.

The drink is easy to prepare and is characterized by a convenient form of use (consumption) of the product.

All constituent ingredients are well understood and are standard ingredients in food and pharmaceutical products.

The drink is prepared in the factory. The preparation of the IPA anti-alcoholic beverage is illustrated by the following example.

Thyme decoction is preliminarily prepared in the following way: 7 g of dried thyme herb is poured into 0.5 l of boiling water, insisted for 1 hour, then the resulting broth is filtered through a sieve. To the broth, cooled to room temperature, add 70 g of honey, mix thoroughly until a homogeneous solution is obtained. After that, grape juice is added to the resulting solution to a volume of 1 liter and the drink is carbonated. The drink has a pleasant sweetish-sour taste.

The resulting drink is poured into a 1-liter container and sealed.

Storage is carried out in a cool place (refrigerator). Unopened shelf life is long. When opening the container, it is advisable to use it for 5 days, in the future, the effectiveness of the drink will decrease slightly as the carbonation of the drink decreases, however, due to the cold reaction (the open container is in the refrigerator), the effect will last longer, albeit to a lesser extent.

Method of drinking: in chilled and freshly carbonated form.

To prevent the occurrence of a desire to drink alcohol, especially when there are pre-exacerbations, the drink can be consumed in small quantities up to 5-7 times a day and preferably before meals.

The effectiveness of this tool has been proven by clinical trials conducted at the IPA International Center for Traditional and Alternative Medicine.

Research Objectives:

- To study the qualitative change in the impulsive craving for alcohol when taking the drink “IPA” on the background of the treatment for a complete rejection of alcohol and outside it;

- Track the duration of binge in the control groups with the drink "IPA" and without it;

- Investigate the symptom complex of intoxication in two studied cases;

- Conduct a study of withdrawal symptoms (hangover), namely its qualitative (symptoms) and quantitative (duration) characteristics.

To test the therapeutic effectiveness of the drink, two groups of patients with alcohol addiction were selected: the first group, alcohol abusers, the second, suffering from addiction, in particular the second stage, a drunken form of consumption. The age corridor studied from 28 to 60 years.

The total number of studied 120 people, the control group "placebo" 60 people and the group that received the drink "IPA", 60 people. Of these, the group receiving the IPA drink was divided into three subgroups of 20 people. The first subgroup of patients who abuse alcohol, but have no signs of alcohol dependence, taking the drink "IPA", the second group with symptoms of alcohol dependence, who were treated to completely quit alcohol with apitoxins and taking the drink "IPI", the third subgroup of patients who did not pass special treatment for abstinence from alcohol and taking the drink "IPA".

The duration of binge (anamnestically) in patients ranged up to 14 days.

Study monitoring: daily.

The research results are presented in table 1.

Table 1

drink “API” placebo Number of subjects 20 people 20 people 20 people 60 people alcohol abusers cessation treatment without treatment for a complete rejection of alcohol The duration of the "bright" gap " 10-12 months 9-12 months 7-12 months 60 people
1-3 months
(one hundred%) Binge duration Disruptions in 6 people out of 20 disruption in 4 people
out of 20
5-7 days binge in 11 people: in 7 people binge for 5-7 days;
4 people have a binge for more than 7 days. 60 people
10-14 days
(one hundred%) Duration
withdrawal symptoms Not visible
(no dependency) 3-5 days 3-7 days 60 people
10-14 days
(one hundred%) Withdrawal symptoms Not visible
(no dependency) 20 people have a significant decrease in the intensity of nausea, vomiting, asthenia 20 people have a decrease in intensity without qualitative changes

Treatment for complete failure for a period of 1 year (the term is set for this study).

In table 1: “bright gap” is the period of non-use of alcohol-containing drinks. Its duration is characterized by the presence or absence of an attraction to alcohol.

The last 2 criteria characterizing withdrawal symptoms are not applicable for a group of alcohol abusers due to the absence of alcoholism (dependence on alcohol).

The results of changes in withdrawal symptoms in connection with the intake of the “IPA” drink are shown in Table 2.

table 2

Symptoms With the drink "IPA" Placebo Vomiting + ++ Nausea + +++ Sweating + +++ Dry mucous membranes + ++ Language tightness + ++ Sleep disturbance ++ +++ Hand tremor + +++ Weakness ++ +++ Fatigue + ++ Leg weakness + ++

Conventions in table 2:

"+" Symptom is mild;

"++" symptom is moderate;

"+++" symptom is very pronounced.

Thus, our observations of the intake of the IPA drink show that:

1. The period of abstinence from alcohol, the so-called “bright gap”, between binges increases in all 60 people to 12 months due to a decrease in the intensity of impulsive craving for alcohol while taking an “IPA” drink, and against the background of treatment at full alcohol rejection percentage is much higher.

2. There is a decrease in the length of the binge period by several days in 86.6% of patients who are constantly taking the drink "API", compared with the group "placebo".

3. In the group of patients taking the “IPA” drink, in the majority of the studied, the duration of the withdrawal syndrome is reduced compared with the “placebo” intake by reducing the severity of intoxication. In addition, the duration of a breakdown (binge) is significantly reduced in people with a complete rejection of alcohol. This allows you to quickly adjust treatment with a minimum of toxic effects in the patient.

4. A pronounced positive result is evident in case of abuse, which significantly reduces the risk of disruptions in the pre-stage of alcoholism and is a prevention of alcoholism itself.

Output

The proposed drink improves the function of alcohol dehydrogenase and endogenous ethanol homeostasis, enhances the production of opioid peptides, and therefore is an effective tool to reduce or eliminate the pathological desire in the use of alcoholic beverages.

The drink is easy to prepare, characterized by a convenient form of use (consumption) of the product and a pleasant taste.

The proposed drink is a multifaceted tool that can reduce or eliminate the pathological desire for alcohol consumption both in the period of remission (non-use) and in free use, inhibiting or preventing the development of binge. At the same time, the drink contributes to the faster removal of the hangover syndrome and, being a non-alcoholic drink, can be used as a substitute for alcohol at events and in companies.

This drink at the stage of abuse is almost the first preventive measure of alcoholism in the form of a dietary supplement.

Claims (4)

An anti-alcoholic drink containing thyme broth, honey, grape juice, while the drink is carbonated, and the ratio of ingredients is as follows, vol. %: thyme broth - 40-50; honey - 5-10; grape juice - the rest.